TM - 9 1990 Small Arms Ammunition

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9-1990
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WAR DEPARTMENT
TECHNICAL MANUAL
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SMALL-ARMS AMMUNITION
May 23, 1942
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TECHNICAL MANUAL!~
SMA"L"L-c-A- RMS AMMUNITION
en"'}fO'" ) ([,I S WAR DEPARTMENT,
No. 8 , W UJ<lWQTON 2fi, D. C., 24 No ..ember UN3.
TM 9-1990, 2a May 1942, is changed as follows:
13. Grades and useB •
• • • • • • •
b. Grade, .
• • • • • • •
(li) (Added. ) Small-arms Ilmmunirion which has been graded "For
training U88 only" will not be fired over the beads of troops under any
circumstances.
• ( A.
•130 0<1. 43) .•}
n. !IOO.1 (C~,
•
24 No. 43. )
• • •
By OICOI!JI O~· TIn; SI;CIII:TARY OF 'VAK:
O. C. MARSHAIJ.)
Ohul of Staff.
Cll"FIClAL: •
J . A. ULIO,
,11ajar Genual,
Th f' Adjutant OM/eml.
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SMAIJ ..ARMS AMMUNITION
WAR DEPARTMENT,
W j.8HD10r0". Septembe r 22. 1942.
TM 9-1990, May 23, 1942, is changed,as follows :

21. Identification of ammunition types.
• • • • • • •
c. Oolor.
• 1A.. O. 062. 11• (11-19-42).)• •
(C I, SepL 22, I1H2.)
• • •
(3) A llght blue tip on the bullet indicates incendiary ammunition.
..•
•
,
•
Color markings.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
o. T he following color bands afe used for each type:
T,,, , B, . .
• • • •
Ball and tr acer ____ ______ _____ _
• • •
Red, y ellow , and gl een.
• •
IA. O. 062.U (11-19-42) . )
• •
Ie 1, Sept. 22, IIH2. )
• • •
102. Exterior ballistics .
•, • • • • • •
d. Accuracy.- When test: fired, i t will group within a mean radius
of 4 inches at 300 y a rds.
IA. o. OG2.11 (9--1_2).] (C'l, B~PL 22, 1942. )
By CRDEII OF THE SECIU':TAlIY OF W AIl:

G. C. MARSHA TJ"
Ohief of Staff·
OFFICU T,:
J. A. ULIO,
Major Genffal,
TM Adjutant Ge'Mral.
'-'''' ''4 FlY

OCT ~ r .,. •. ,
Dr, ,I<.
TJi[ 9-1990
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CH"'I<G~" ) / / 1 \'VAR DEPAl>T¥~~fi::'

No.2 t....w,.iiiiN~~ b.'d., TJun ~(He1/"\
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TM 9-1990, 23 May 1942, is changed &S fol,lows: L \ P. P ". ~
13, Grades and uses, I ':' ~UG :3 1 \94 . . ~ ."
• • • • ••• ., • • <... ,0:::- • ..
f. (Added.) Gradel of repaoked lot8.-(i) : .~ ~.k'M 'in
rifle clips, web belts, and metallic link belts are iiSsigDad It repacked
lot number (par. 19.1). The grades of these repacked lots are not
published in OFSB S-:i, but are considered to have the following
grades according to type of 'packing, pending any regrading of the
original lot numbers:
Grade AC--Caliber .30 and caliber 1>0 cartrid~ in metallic
link belts, with the exception of those caliber .50 cartridges
in boxes marked "Ground Machine Gun8."
Grade R--£alit:.er .80 cartridges in 6'-round and g-round clips.
Grade MG-Caliber .30 and caliber ,00 cartridges in web belts.
Grade MG--Caliber .00 cartridges in linked beits with the
marking "Ground Machine Guns" on the box.
(2) If one lot of the cartridges comprising a repacked lot is re-
graded, it may be necEssary to repack the cartridges. If this occurs,
a new repacked lot number will be assigned to the new packing.
f A. G. 300.7 (:; lUI> i3).) (e 2. 7 Ju" 43. )
17. Gflneral.-a. The type, caliber, • • • date or loading.
The a~muniti9n is clearly o.nd fully identified from the markings
on the origimli packing boxes and cartons. In addition to the mark-
ing, stenciled figure silhouettes provide a ready means of
identification as to type ot inner packing, that ill., packing in
clips, web belts, or metallic link belts. See section IV.
b. The following means are used to identify ammunition:
• • • • • • •
(2) A reference data card is inserted in each packing box
containing repacked lots of ammunition (par. 20).
• •
[.\.. G. 300.1 (~JUI>
•
t 3).J
•
(C 2, 1lua t3.)
• • •
19. Ammunition lot number.- "When ammunition is • • •
with pertinent specifications. This lot number is marked on all pack-
ing boxes containing carton-packed cartridges, on the cartons
packed therein, a.nd on the reference data card inclosed in each
packing box containing repacked lots. It is required • • • be
Or, ,I<.
UNIVElII!T'I' Of {AlIfORNIA
TIt 9-1990
co
fired (par. 13). Since it is impracticable to mark the ammunition
lot number on each individual cartridge, every effort should be made
to maintain the amm).mition lot number or the repacked lot number
of the cartridges once they are removed from their original packing.
Cartridges for which • • • become grade 3. Therefore, when
cartridges are removed from their original packings they should be
so marked that the ammunition lot number or the repacked lot
number may be preserved.
19.1. (Added.) Repacked lot numbers.-a. Since ammunition
packed in rifle clips, web belts, and metallic link belts may consist of
more than one type of cartridge and hence would require two or more
lot nwnbers marked on packing boxes and entered in records, a single
repacked lot number is assigned by the repacker ro replace the original
ammunition lot numbers. This repacked lot number is marked on
the packing box or crate and on the referenoo data card inclosed in
the box.
o. The repacked lot number is not l"('('oroed in OFSB 3-.."i, its grade
being considered as that appropriate for the type of packing (par.
l3f)· .
c. The repacked lot 'number consists of the words "REPACKED
LOT" ; the repacker's initials; the letter B , C, or L indicating belted,
clipped, or linked cartridges, respectively; and the lot number assigned
by the repacker.
. 20. (Superseded.) Reference data card.-A reference data card
is inserted in each ammunition box containing cartridges in clips, web
belts, and metallic link belts. This card lists the ammunition lot or
, lots comprising the repacked lot and their ratios of packing.
f A. O. 8O(l,T ( ~J1I1I 43). ] (C 2. 7 ~1111 (S.)
23. General.--Small-arms ammunition boxes are painted or
stained dark brown (chocolate), and markings are stenciled
in yellow. The expendable steel boxes M1 for caliber .30
ammunition and M2 tor caliber .50 ammunition in web belts
are painted olive-drab. The painting aids in the preservation of
the boxes and makes them less conspicuous when stored in the
open. The marking serves as a means of identi.1cation, making it
unnecessary to open a box to identify its contents. The expendable
steel boxes have no markings. The markings appear on the
wire-bound crate in which they are shipped. .
24. Marking on boxes.--a. In addition to stenciled figure sil-
houettes described in pllragraph 25, each box of small-arms ammwri-
tion is marked with complete information necessary for shipping,
care, handling, and use.
2
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UNIVElII!T'I' Of {AlIfORN IA
TM 9-1990
SMALL- ARMS AMMUNITION o,
b. 'The markings (figs. 12 to 12.10 incl.) includ&-
(1) Name and address of consignee (one side) or code address.
(2) Shipping designation of contents (top).
(8) Quantity, calibdr, type, and model of contents, and their
ratios. •
(3~) Ammunition Identtftcation Code symbol as published
in Standard Nomenclature Lists, Group T, and O.FSB 3-14.
(4) Gross weight in pounds and displacement in cubic feet (1 side).
(5) Number of shipping ticket and number of package (1 side) .
(Less than carload lots only.)
(6) The letters U. S. (in one place only). (Less than carload
lots only.)
(7) Rescinded.
(8) Ordnance insignia and escutcheons.
(9) Name or designation of consignor (1 side) .
(10) _Ammunition lot number or repacked lot number.
(11) Rescinded
( 12) Inspector's stamp.
• •
I A. o . 300.7 (~ J u n
•
4.1).]
•
Ie 2. 7 Jun n. )
• • •
d. (Added. ) Packing boxes containing caliber .60 cartridges in
metallic link belts of a grade for use only in ground machine guns are
marked "Ground Machine Guns." Caliber .50 cartridges in metallic
link belts in boxes which do not ba.ve this marking are for use in either
aircraft or ground machine guns.
e. ( Added.) Marking to indicate special use of ammunition mlly
appear on packing boxes. Four special typ es are stenciled &8 follows :
"For M. G. Training Only"
"For Rifle Training Only"
"For M. G. Functioning Test Only"
"For Revolver Training Only"
25. (As changed by C 1) (Superseded.) Stenciled figure sil·
houettes.-Stenciled figure silhouettes on boxes containing clipped,
belted, and linked cartridges provide a. meaDS of quickly identifying
the type of packing-pa.ck:ed in rifle clips, web belts, or linked belts.
The silhouettes are vertica.l on boxes containing caliber .so cartridges
and diagonal for caliber .50 c.artridges. (See figs. 12 to 12.10, incl.)
The absence of the stenciled figure silhouettes on bozes indicntes
carton packi ng.
26. Markings on c:artonB.-Carton labels are marked to show the
quantity, type, caliber, model, ammunition lot number, kind of pro·
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TM: 9-1990
SMALt.-AR MS AUMUNITIO'" co
pelling ch llr~, !lnd manufnctq. rer. For blllnk amm unition the label
itself is blue, Rnd for dummy nmm unition it is g t:een. T he print ing
0 11 • • • with in 10 feet."
lA, l'l. 300,1 (:. J"n n) . l (e 2. 7 I nn 43,1
F igure 12 is r('scinded and the follo wing substit uted therefor :

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li,- OIllJ t:H 0 1' T ilt: Sr.o.;Ht:T.IH Y Ot' H ',I H :

G. C. MAH S HALL.
(./hie! o! ,Staff.
O ... n CI,II. :
J . A. ULl O,
Jllajor General,
The Adjutant General.
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0"9' ,., tmrn
*Tl( 9-1990
TECHNICAL MANUAL ) WAR DEPARTMENT,

No. 9-1000 W AJl HtNOToN, Mil)' 23, 19012.
CBAl'TE1l 1. General. Pa ........ pb.

SI'JCTION 1. GeneraL_____ ____________________ ___ ___ ____ 1-3
II. General d iscussioll _____ ____ _____ __ __________ 4-16
Ill. I dentification ________ ______ __ ______ ________ 17- 22
IV.
Marking __ ___ ______ __ _____________________ _ 23-26
V.
Packing ___ ____ _______________ ____ _________ 27-30
VI,
Surveillance ___ _______ ___________ ______ ____ · 31-34
Care, handling, and p rcservlltioll ___ ____ ___ ___ 35-39
VII.
VIII. Field report of aceidents-________________ ___ 40
CUAPIER 2. Ammunition, caliber .80.
SECTION I. OeneraL ___ ____ _______________ _____ _______ _ 41-46
II. Cartri dge, armor -p iercing, caliber .30, M2 _____ 47-48
Ill . Cartridge, ball, caliber .30, ML __ ____ _____ ___ 49-M
IV. Cartridge, ball, caliber .80, :a.12 _______________ 51-52
V. Cartridge, trace r, caliber .80, ML _______ ___ __ ~
VI. Cartridge, blank, caliber .SO, M lOO9__ ________ 55
VII. Cartridge, dummy, caliber .30, MHIOIL______ _ !';6
VIII. Cartridge, dummy, caliber .30, M2__ __ ___ -"___ 67
IX. Cartr idge, gallery practice, caliber .80, M1 919_ 68
X. Cartridge, guard, caliber .80, M L ____________ 59-60
XI. Cartr idge, guard, caliber .30, Ml906 ____ ______ 61-62
XII. Cartr idge, h igh-pressure test, ("sliber .30, ML _ 63
XIII. Cartridge, incendiar y, caliber .30, ML ______ ~_ 64
CUAPI'EII 3. A mmun ition, caliber .45.
S ECTION I . General ______________ __ _________________ ___ 66-70
II. Cartridge, ball, caliber .45, M191L ___________ 71- 72
m . Cartridge, tracer, caliber .45, ML ____________ 78-74
IV. Cartridge, blank, revolver, caliber ,45, ML ____ 75
V. Cartridge, dummy, caliber .45, Ml921 __ ____ ___ 76
VI. Cartr idge, high-pressu re test, caliber ,45, M 1___ 77
CHAP"I&< 4. Ammunition, caliber .00.
SECTION T. General __ __ ______________ __ ____________ __ __ 78-S3
II. Cartrid ge, armor-p iercin,ll:, cal iber .00, M2nn_ 84 85
m. Cartridge, ball , caliber .00, M2 _______________ 86-87
IV. Cartridge, tracer, caliber .00, ML _________ __ _ 88-89
--
'ft'" .......1 ..po ........ T1I ll H-A. H., 11. 111-1. 1nc1 ... 1.... C I, Jan.. .., 1. IUS: C 2,
J ... _ .... 2, IU.: C I. J ......, ,, UU: C t , J.n ....,. I , lUI: ..... C I. 0","", U. 1111.
1
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UNIVElII!T'I' Of CAl.IfORN IA
I
•
TJI[ 9-1990
1 ORDNANC]!; D]!;PARTMENT
CHA~ 4. Ammunition,- caliber .5O-Continued. Pau~pha

SECTION V. Cartridge, bl&nk, caliber .50, ML ___ _________ 90
:vI. Cartridge, dummy, caliber .50, M2___________ 91
VII. Cartridge, dummy, caliber ..ro, ML __________ 92
vm. Cartridge, high-pressure test, caliber .50, ?tIL_ 93
IX. Cartridge, incendiary, caliber .50, ML ______ __ 94
CHAnd 5. Ammunition, m.i~llaneous.
SwnON 1. GeneraL_ _____________ __ ____ ________ _______ 95
II. Cartridge, ball , caliber .22, long rifle __________ 96-97
m.
Field artillery trainer ammunition ____ ______ 98-100
IV. Cartridge, carbine, caliber .80, ML _____ __:._ 101-102
V. Cartridge, rifte grenade, caliber .80, MS _____ 100-104
VI. Cartridge, subcaliber, caliber .80 ___________ 106-106
VII. Cartridge, blank, to-gage, for S7-mm guns,
M1916, MS, and M!L ______________________ 107
VIII. Shell, shotgun, 12-gage____________________ 108--109
,~
APFENIlIJt: . L ist of re ferences ____ ___ _____________ _______ __ _ 88

lNDn ____ __ ____ _____ ______ ______ __ ____ _________ ________ __ 91
CHAPIER 1
GENERAL
Pa..grapb.
S&IOTfQ/f I . Oellefal _______ ___ __ ______________ __ ___ ________________ ____ 1- 8
II . (}enera I dlscU.l!8lo"_ __ ____ ______ __ __ __ ____________ ____ __ _____ 4-16
UI . IdentUkaUon ______ __ __ ___ _____________ ___ _____ _ ___ _______ 17-22
IV. Markl cg ______ __ ____ ____________ _____ ________________ _____ 23-26 ~
V. Packlc&" ______ __ ________________ ______ __ _______ __________ __ _ 21-00

VI. Surveiliance___________________________ .:.___ ________ _________ 8100M
VlI . Can!, handll n&". and p!"eIJefyatlon ____ __ _____ ________ __________ 3.-';-89
VIII. Field rlUXlrt of areidenlll ___ __ ____________ ___ ______ ______ ____ 40
SECTION I
GEN.ERAL
Pan..rupb
f>u'p(ae ______________ ____ __ ___ _____________________ ____________ ___ ~-- - 1-
SCOpe___________ _________________ __ ____________ _____________ ___ ___ _____ 2

Refen!uce8__ _______ ______ ________ ________ __ ____ __ ___ _____________ ______ 8
1. Purpose. -This manual is published f or the information and
guidance of all concerned. Personnel of the Ordnance Department
who are responsible for the care, handling, storage, or issue of small-
arms ammun itiOli should be familiar with the provisions of this
- - 'flUBl.
2
Oti-v' . 1""'"
UNIVElII!T'I' Of {AljfORN IA
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9-1990
2. 8cope.-The information contained is such as to furnish a ready

means of identifica.tion aDd to permit intelli~nt care, handling, and
use of small-arms ammunition. The precautions and instructions
with reference to caN, handling, and use are intended for peacetime,
but they should be followed so far as practicable at. aU times.
3. RefereDeetI.- Whereve,: appropriate in the text, reference is
made to publications containing additional information. These and
other pertinent publications are listed in the appendix.
SECUON n
GENERAL DISCUSSION
(leoeral___________________________________________________________ __PA..__~... ph4
NOIIlf'Deiatun!____ _________ ____________ __ _____ ___ _______ _______ __________ :I
ClaBH~tlon ___ ____ __ _ __ _ _________ __ _ _ _ __ __ _______ __ ______ _ ________ _ ____ 6
CompOnent. ot cartrld~ _ ____ ______ __ ______ __ _______ __ __ __ _____ __________ 7
Ca rtridge callE! ___ __ ___ ____ ____________ • _ __ __ __________ __ __ __ ___ _ ___ __ ___ 8
p~ ___________________ __________ ___ ___ __ ______. ______ _____ ____ ___ ___ 9
Bullet _____________ ._____ _____ ___ _________ ____ ____ ___ __ _____ __ ___ __ __ ___ 10
eharre____________________________________________________ ___ 11
~
•
Au: · .. )delI __ ___u_u_ _ u ___ __ __ n __ __ u nu _ _ n _ u n o ___ u ____ u __ u n 12
Gnde. and tIIIE!II __ _________ __________ ___ _ ___ _______ _ ____ ___ __ _ __ ~______ _ 1S
ot l!Jsoe_________ ___ __ ____ _• _____________ __ _____________ • __ • __. _ 14
Pr1oritJ'
, .
f Danger w oes Qud protecUOIl 01 perllOnneL________ ____ _______ ___ ____ ______ 11:\
Fi rlnll: tabll'lL _______ ___ • • __ __ ____ _______ __ ______________ __ ___ _______ • ___ 16
4. General.---a. SmaU arm.t.--8mall arms comprise those weapons

normally accompanying foot troops (infantry). They include riOes,
automatic riOes, pistols, ILnd machine guns up to e&liber .60 (0.60 in.
diameter of bonl) and al.8o shotguns.
b. Small-arrtM ammunitioll.-In this manual, small-anns ammuni-
tion is restricted to mean ammunition for those small arms used in mil-
itary service. These are
(1 ) Caliber .110 machine guns.
(2) Caliber.30 carbines, riOes, semiautomatic r ifles, automatic rifles,
and machine guns.
(8) Caliber .22 pistols, rifles, and machine guns ( for gallery
practice).
(4) Shotguns of 12 gage.
(li) Caliber Ali automatic pistols, nlvolvers. and submachine guns.
(6) Subcaliber tubes and adapters for artillery weapons which use
ammunition of similar size and type.
c. Oaliber an.d gage.-( l ) The caliber of a weapon is the diameter
of the bore expHssed in inches or, when specifically mentioned, in
millimeters.
3
Dr, ,I<_
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TM 9-1990
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
(2) The gage of a shotgun refers to the number of lead balls of the
diameter of the bore required to weigh one pound. The bore of a
12-gage shotgun measures 0.785 inch in diameter.
5. Nomenclature.-a. Standard nomt'Jlciature is established in
order that each item supplied by the Ordmlnce Department nll~y be
specifically identified by name. These names are published in Stand-
ard Nomenclature Lists (SNL's). The use of standard nomenclature
is mandatory for 11.11 purposes of record. It will be used in this manual
wherever reference is made to specillc iooms as in the following para-
graph. Itshould be noted that this nomenclature completely describes
the ammunition as to type, caliber, and model.
b. The following items of !iIllall-arlllil ammunition will be described
in detail in later chapters:
(1) Cartridge, armor-piercing, caliber .80, M:2.
(2) Cartridge, ball, caliber, .30, Ml.
(3) Cartridge, ball, caliber .80, M2.
(4) Cartridge, tracer, caliber.80, Ml.
(5) Cartridge, blank, caliber .30, Ml909.
(6) Cartridge, dummy, caliber .30, .M1906 (corrugated).
(7) Cartridge, dummy, caliber .30, M2.
(8) Cartridge, gallery practice, caliber .30, M1919.
(9) Cartridge, guard, caliber .30, Ml906.
(10) Cartridge, guard, caliber .30, Ml.
(11) Cartridge, high-pressure test, caliber.30, MI.
(12) Cartridge, 8ubcaIiber, caliber .30, Ml925.
(13) Cartridge, carbine, caliber .30, Ml.
(14) Cart,ridge, ball, caliber .45, M191l.
(15) Cartridge, blank, revolver, caliber .45, Ml.
(16) Cartridge, dummy, caliber .45, Ml921.
(17) Catridge, high-pressure test, caliber .45, ML
(18) Cartridge, tracer, caliber .45, Ml.
(19) Cartridge, armor-piercing, caliber..lSO, M2.
(20) Cartridge, ball, caliber .50, M2.
(21) Cartridge, tracer, caliber .ISO, Mi.
(22) Csrtridge, blank, caliber .00, MI.
("23) Cartridge, dummy, caliber .50, Ml.
(24) Cartridge, dummy, caliber .50, M2.
(26) Cartridge, high-pressure test, caliber .50, MI.
(25) Cartridge, ball, caliber .22, long rifle.
(27) Cartridge, blank, caliber .22, field artillery trainer, .M2.
(28) Cartridge, blank, caliber .22, field artillery trainer, M2A I.
(29) Shell, shotgun . 12-gage.
(30) Cartridge, blank, IO-gage (formerly sheil, shotgun, lO-gu.ge,
. ·'flk).
4
Or, .1<.
UNIVElII!T'I' Of CAl.IfORNIA
,
SMALL-ARMS AMMUNITION ....
TlI 9-1990
6. Claul:flcation.-Dependent upon its purpose, small·arms am-

munition is classified as follows:
a. Ball.-This type is effective against personnel or light materiel
targets.
o. Arnwr-piercing.-This type has 8. bullet containing a hardened
steel core. It is intended for use against armored aircraft and vehicles,
concrete shelters, and other bullet-resisting t.rget.s.
c. Tra«r.-This type has a bullet containing a chemical composition
which burns in flight. It is uged for observation of fire, for incendiary
purposes, and for signaling.
d. Blank.-This type contains no bullet. It is used for simulated
fire, for signaling, and f or IiBlutes.
e. Dummy.- This type has no propelling charge or primer. It is
ueed for training.
f. GalUry practice.- This type has a reduced charge. It was
formerly used for gallery practice, but is now standard for guard
purpos E?
g. Guard.- This type has a reduced propelling charge. It ill used
for guard purposes.
h. H igh-pre68tP'Y: t~6f.- This type has an augmented propelling
charge. It is used only in proof tiring.
I i. Incendiory.-This type may be identified by the Ii~ht-hlue paint

on the tip of the bullet.
j. Subcaliber.-This type has a rimmed cart.rid~ case. It. is need
in subcaliber tubes and mounts of Cllmlon.
k. Slwtgun 6helh.- These are lL!ied for guard purposes, target prac-
tice, and hunting.
7. Component. of cartridge.- A round of small-arms ammuni-
tion is called II- cartridge. As II- complete round, the cartridRe COlI-
tains all the components necessary to fire the weapon once. In gen-
eral these are the cartridge case, primer, propelling charge, and bullet.
• Typical cartridges are illustrated in figures 1 and 2.
8. Cartridge case.-a. Functiom.- The cartridge case is the means
whereby the other components, primer, propelling charge, and bullet,
are assem bled into a unit. It also provides a waterproof container
for the propelling charge. When the cartridge is fired, the thin brass
is forced against the walls of the chamber by the pressure, thus pre-
venting the escape of gases to the rear. This sealing pluceSS is known
as obturation.
b. Manufacture.-The cartrid~ case is made from a circular disk
of brass which is punched into the form of a cup and drawn through
successive dies into shape (fig. 3). The closed. end is pressed into
,
shape to f orm the head which contains the primer pocket and vent.
Dr, .1<.
•
....
TX 9-1990
ORDNANCE DEPART~
An extractor groove is machined in the side of the bead to provide

a grip for the mechanical extractor of the weapon. The case for pistol
ammunition is cylindrical; that for carbine a.mmunition tapers
slightly; that for rille and machine-gun ammunition tapers slightly
from the head to the shoulder-approximately %. of its lengtt-tben
sharply at the shoulder to the cylindrical neck. After each punching
or drawing operation, the case is 1IJlIle&1ed to remove strains.
c. 'Auembly.-'I'he primer is pressed into the primer pocket and
staked or crimped; the joint is then sealed by a drop of shellac or
lacquer. The propelling charge is inserted and the inside of the neck
coated with lacquer or other ·wllterproofing compound, the bullet is
ingerted and the mouth of the case crimped into the cannelure ot the
hullet.
9. Primer.-The primer, which is crimped into the primer pocket
in the head of the cartridge case, oonsistB of a soft metal cup, a priming
or percussion composition, a diRk of shellacked manila paper, and ao
anvil. A blow from the firing pin on the primer cup comprcnElS the
priming composition betw'*!n the cup and the anvil, thereby pro-
ducing a flame which pasSM through the vents in the anvil and ca.r·
tridge case, and ignites the propelling charge of smokeless powder.
Figure 4 shows details of caliber .30, .4li, and .60 primers. The cup
of the caliber .30 or caliber .60 primer is made of brass, whereas the
cup of the caliber .4~ primer i.s made of gilding metal, because the
lighter blow of the firing pins of pistols and revolvers necessitates a
softer material. The priming composition is inserted into the cup
and is held in place and protected from moisture and electrolytic actioo
by the paper disk. The brass anvil is inserted lISt. The following
table . gives the designation and weight of primers and primer
compositionsl
f'fiInM """,pooUloa
~-
CoIlbtr 0( <'WtrI~ ..
-- I
w..... --~
Caliber .30••••• FAro ••••• 0.4!> grain ••••• Primer No. 26 ••• Ii.!> gr .. ioll.
•
w_.
C.. lIber .45 ••••• FA70 •. .• . 0.37 gNlln •• ... Primer No. 27 ••• 4.6 gr .. I.....
Caliber .50 . . • . • FA90A ••• • 2.0 graill8.... . Primer NQ. 28 •• • 19.0graiae.
. . ...
Recent primers of the noncorrosive, nonmercuric type are used in some
caliber.45 cartridges and in the caliber .80 carbine cartridge. To func·
tion properly, primers must be free from such surface defects as folds,
wrinkles, scratches, scales or dents. Other primer defects are cocked,
broken, or inverted anvils ; scratched, tom, or dirty cups; and missing
""lvils, disks, or pellets.
6
Or W' . 1""'"
, T1II ~1990
SMALL-ARMS AMMUNITION 1~1l
10. Bullet.--a. Part,.-The bullet consists, in general, of a core

covered by & gilding metll.l jacket. A cannelure is cut or rolled in the
jacket to provide a recess into which the mouth of the case may be
crimped Rtassembly ( 6gs..1) and 6).
b'. Shap.!.-The body of the bullet is cylindrical. The nose lllB.y be
round, 118 iii the caliber .45 bullet, or ogival (curved taper) as in all
service rifle and machine-gun bullets. The base may be "square"-
that is, cylindrical, or "boat-tailed," that is, having 11 conical taper.
c. Ooro!'.-(l) Armor-piercing bullets contain a core of hardened
steel There may be point or base fillers of lead or aluminum filling
the spaces between the steel core and jacket.
(2) Bullets uf be.!) cartridges usually contain a slug of, antimony-
hardened lead except in the case of caliber .50, wherein the core is of
soft steel in order to insure similar ballistic properties for ball and
annor-piercing cartridges.
(3) Tracer bullets contain a. lead slug in the forward position, and
a chemical composition in the rear.
(4) I ncendiary bullets contain an incendiary composition.
d. Variatio1v.-Special purpose bullets may vary in shape or com-
ponent parts. These will be described in the section on the particular
cartridge.
11. Propelllng charge.-a. GeMnzl.-The propelling charge oon-
sists of a quantity of smokeless powder. The weight of the charge is
not constant. It is adjusted for each powder lot to give the required
velocity witJI pressure within the limits prescribed for the weapon in
which it is fired. The powder chllrge is assembled loosely in the car-
tridge case. AcceptD.nce requirements for small-arms smokeless pow_
ders are outlined in the U. S. Army specifications listed in paragraph
2, appendix.
b. Chara-cteri8tic1J.-Smokeless powder for r,1llll.ll-arms ammunition
is usually glazed with graphite to facilitate machine loading, and thus
presents a black polished appearance. Single-perfora.ted grains B.l"(\
usually used as small-arms propellants. Since the powder grains are
small, they ignite more rapidly and burn more quickly than cannon
powder. When abnormlLl temperlltures prevail, 'small-anns powde1'8
. are subject to rapid deterioration. Smokeless powder is not as sensitive
to friction as black powder, but all precautions used in handling black
powder should be observed for small-arms powders.
c. Typu.-In general, there are two types of small-anns propel-
lants; the single-base nitrocellulose type and the double-base type.
'The double-base type is a mixture of nitrocellulose and nitroglycerin
which bums more rapidly than the single-base type.
1
Q,i.v, .1 ""'"
L •• UNIVElII!T'I' Of CAI.IfORNIA
T!II 9-1900
1~.
"Accessorles.- ORDNANCI!: DI!:PARTMENT
Thoae accessories which are connected with the

use' of small-arms ammunition, such II.S clips and metallic belt links,
are described below. The packing of these iteins is also discussed.
a. Olip.l'.--Caliber .30 cartridges for use in the Ml903 and M.1917
Bervice riOes, or for both r ifle and machine·gun use, are assembled in
[i-round clips; those for the Ml rifle are assembled in 8-round clips.
In time of peace 8-round clips are non expendable items. '
(1) The !i-round clip (fig. 7) consists of a body and spring, both
of brass. Stop lugs on the ezrerior sides of the body seat the dip
in its slots in the rooe.iver of the rifte. The top edges of the sides 11.1'6
folrled inward, forming flanges which fit iuto the grooves in the car_
tridge CIl86 heads, holding the cartridge in place. The spring iii pro-
vided with nll.M'OW tongues which, wben the clip is filled, are pressed
into the grooves of the outside cartridgeo;, holding them securely in
the clip.
(2) The 8-round clip (fig. 8) consists only of II. CIl86 made of steel.
It is indented near the base along the sidl:'S to form an inner rib which
engages the extractor groove in the cartrid~ The Bides are inclined
sufficiently to clamp the cartridges firmly in place. The cartridges are
held in two staggered rows. It is immaterial whether the' uppermost
cartridge of the loaded clip is on the left or right side of the clip as
the follower slide of the J?Un adjusts itself for either loading. Ex-
perience in the field shows, however, that it is preferable to have the
uppermost cartridge in the right side of the clip. The sides are curved
at the ends to hold the cartridges !ie(:urely in the clip.
(3) Caliber .30 dummy cartridges were fonnerly assembled in a
special clip. Present practice is to use the standard /'i-round clip with-
out tongues, marked for use with dummy cartridges. The corru/lnted
type of dummy cartridge, cartridge, dummy, caliber .30, Ml906, may·
be used for instruction in functioning when loaded in 8-round clips.
(4) When used in the revolver, it is necessary to assemble the car-
tridge, ball, caliber .4/'i, M1911 , into clips. These clips are illustrated
in figure 9. They are pAcked separately for assembly in the field.
b. Metallic belt Un.h.-For use in automatic weapons, caliber .30
a.nd caliber .W ammunit ion is issued in metallic link belts. These
belts are assemblies of unit links, one for each cartridge. Each link
(fig. 10) has two loops fitting about one cartridge and a third loop
fitting around one adjacent cartridge. Thus each cartridge in a metal-
lic link belt, except the cartridges on the ends, has two links attached
to it (fig. 11 ). Each link is made from strip steel. A blank form is
stamped from the strip and the blank is bent to form the circular
loops. It is then heat-treated and processed to pren.'llt rusting. The
links are manufllctured to meet specified extraction tests from pre-
S
Dr, ,I<.
TM 9-1990
SMALL-ARMS AMlolUNlTlON la-lS
scribed steel plugs made in the shape of cartridges. Link, metallic

belt, caliber 110, Ml, must withstand an extraction pull of 5 to 10
pounds and link, metallie belt, caliber .50, Ml or l\l2, must withstand
an extraction pull of 10 to 25 pounds. Links designated for standard
use are
Link, metallic belt, caliber .80, MI. .
Link, metallic belt, caliber .50, M2.
The Ml caliber .50 link differs slightly in design from the M2 link.
A metallic belt end is required for some aircraft gun installations.
c. Packing of accel8orie,.-Clips for caliber .30, .45, or .50 ammuni-
tion a.rt! packed as required. Metallic belt links are packed in card-
board cartons which are packed in wOO<le.n boxes without liners or
in wire-bound paper-lined boxes. Caliber.30 links are packed 20
per carton and 2tIO cartons (6,000 links) per box. The volume of the
wooden box is 1.66 cubic feet and the weight is 66 pounds; the volume
of the wire-bound box is 1.65 cubic foot and the weight, 61 pounds.
The caliber .W liriks are packed 10 per carton and 100 cartons (1,000
links) per box. The volume of the wooden box is 1.22 cubic feet and
the weight, 58 pounds; the volume of the wire-bound box is 1.16 cubic
foot and weight, 49 pounds. See SNL T-l for further infonnation.
13. Grades and use8.-a. General.-Ammunition is manufactured
to rigorous specifications and is inspected and tested thoroughly before
acceptance. Since the various types of weapons-rifles, ground ma-
chine guns, aircraft machine guns, etc.-have dift'erent requirements,
production orders and specifications call for the classification of lots
for use in specific weapons. Variations in manufacture may occur
becaU8e of problems of mass production of ammunition. Considering
variations from lot to lot and the different requirements for each type
of weapon, grades are assigned to each lot of ammunition, in accord-
ance with acceptance testa, to designate their use in the dift'erent types
of weapons.
b. Gradel.-Current grades of all existing lots of small-arms am-
munition are established by the Chief of Ordnance as a result of
inspection and are published in OFSB 3-6. Orades are not marked
on packing boxes or on slips inside the box. No lot other than that
of grade appropriate for the weapon, as specified in the current
publication of OFSB 3-6, will be fired.
(1) The grades for caliber .30 and .50 ammunition are as follows :
AC-Aircraft and antiaircraft machine guns.
R-Rifles and semiautomatic rifles.
MG-Ground machine guns.
3-Unserviceable, not to be used .
• Or. ' ""'"

TlIII 9-1990
ORDNANCE DEPAR~
"
(2) The grades for caliber .45 l\mmunition are follows:
&8
I- Revolvers, automatic pistols, and Bubmachine guns.

2-Automatic pistol and submachine guns, only.
RT-Not to be used. Requires roll test. Will be disposed of
as directed in OFSB 3-.5.
8--Unserviceable, not to be used.
(8) More than one grade may be authorize(! tor certain weapons.
For example, grade AC or R may also be used for ground machine
guns and grade MG or R llJI.y also be used for antiaircrah machine
guns. For use in riHes, armor-piercing and tracer ammunition of
grade AC may be used.
(4) When small-arl1ll:i ammunition becomes unserviceable, it is
designated as grade 3 and withdrawn from service. Ammunition
which cannot be identified will be considered as grade 8. However,
unidentified ammunition will not be classified as unserviceable for
this reason until every etlort bas been made to establish its identity.
o. ErJJampU, .-&me of the considerations taken in grading of am-
munition are illustrated by the following e:nmples:
( 1) Ammunition to be used in the bolt-action rifte requires that
the average net eJ[uaction etlort shall not exceed 15 pounds. This is
essential for uniform and reliable action in a manually operated
weapon but is of lesser importance in automatic and semiautomatic
weapons.
(2) Ammunition for use in synt'.hronized· and remote-controlled.
aircraft machine guns must be of selected uniformity and have a
minimum variation in rate of ignition. These requirements are essen-
tial to assure continuous feeding during combat use of aircraft guns,
where malfunctioning might result in destruction of propellers or
create other hazards.
(3) Due to the rugged construction of ground-type machine guns,
the continuous control exercised by the operator, and the lower rate
of fire, less stringent test limits are required. Ammunition that meets
the general specifications for accuracy, pressu re, dimensions, etc., is
satisfactory.
d. Velocity, prtl8U"re, accuracy.-Regardless of the weapon in which
the ammunition is to be used, the requirements for velocity, pressure,
and accuracy, are uniform. However, due to uncontrollable ·factors,
an ammunition lot meeting the gpecial requirements of aircraft ma-
chine guns might be less accurate or develop higher or lower pressures
or velocities than a lot graded. for ground machine guns or for rifles.
10
Or W' .1 ""'"
,
TM: 9-1990
SMALL.-ARMS, AMMUNITION 13-16
~. Reg1"Gdmg.- Ammunition in storage is periodically retested to

insure that its characteristics have not changed. If changea have
occurred, as shown by surveillance tests. the ammunition is regarded
and the new grades published in OFSB 3-:1.
14. Priority of 1•• U6.---4. Subject to special instructions from the
Chief of Ordnance, ammunition of appropriate type and model will
be issued in the following order: limited standard, substitute stand-
nrd, standard. Following this rule, ammunition which has had the
longest or least favorable storage- will be issued first whenever
practicable.
b. To prevent the building up of exct'SK stocks in the field , transfers
may be arranged within the corps area if no stock of appropriate grade
, f or immediate use is on hand. Within anyone grade priority of
issue and Uge will be given those lots indicated in OFSB H and to
Iota cont&i ning less than 20,000 rounds.
. o. Priority of i9Sue for Iota of small-arms ammunition is established
by the Chief of Ordnance and published in OFSB 8-li, or in special
instructions. See also AR 77~1O.
15. Danger zones and protection ot personnel.- AR 750-10
prEscribes the regulations for firing ammunition in time of peace.
It specifies the minimum thickness of various kinds of cover that is
, required for protection against bullets fired from small-arms weapons.
The table below reproduces these data:
-
.- - --
Tbldl:n_ 1a
1O OIuro o( oo_
CoIlbo< .30 COU\>Or .40
.
Conerete _
Sandetone ---
o. ____
granite
--
---- -- -earth
--------------
__ __________ -- ---------
_____ ____ __ •6
8
10
....
atone ______
Broken -- ---_________
II&nd ______ _____ ______ --------------------
____________
Dry und _____ ____ __________ __ __ ______ ____ _____ ,.'" 30
32
Wo<
...."
Logs wired I.of{ether
"."oj o.
Undilturbed oompact
Earth, freehly
(oak) _
earth
tu rned ___ _
.
--- --------
tamped _____ --- _-----
___ ________ ____ ---
-----------------
.._______________
___
--- -
_________
..
36
"
""
60
66
72
.
16. Firing tablea.- From proving-ground data, firing tables are
prepared for the using arms. Complete firing tables are based on
the use of small-arms ammunition in the several weapons and are
published under the direction of the Chief of Ordnance. They are
listed in SNL F-69.
11
L Oti-v' .1 ""'"
..
TM 9-1990
ORVNANC}: DEPAKTMENT
"I
f~ .
c
•
•
.
x
•
>
•<.
•
o , ,
RA PO 45 01
A. C. 'lr1d~ •. ",..bl"~. ""Ube • .30. ll1. U, Sbell, .bo'gnn. J2-lIolf".
D. Cacl,ldg... ba ll. caliber . ~ 5. M Inll , K C. 'lrl~g •. boll. cnllber .30 •.\ l~ .
e. eortTf<loe. I... n .• _nbo T .~~. 10nJ< Tlnc. .'. C,..I ,idS" \>OJ •• calfi>t. ,60. ~l~ .
12
Or .. " .Ifrom .
UNI VE~\lTY Of CALIfORNIA I
TM 9-1990
SMALL- Aft:!.!!> lllM U N ITION 16
c
a
o E F
A. Cutci d ~ ~. "" tt)ln~.... Ilbe • . iW. MI. I). SIl_H. ohotIC" o. I ~ . g~ ~ .
lI. C.. . t .tdg, . bo ll . ~~ ll""r .·m . M 11111. 1-:. c .. t . l.d g~. bon, e.n..... .30. ~12 .
c. CutcidJ[e. 10.. 11. c~l\h'" .~~. l.,,,~ cin... F. (· •• I . h "'~ . too l] . ",,111>< • .r",. M2.
13
( O"9))·.lfrorn
TJ( 9-1990
10 OftDNANCli OUAftTMDiT
A-CANNEUJR£
. 8-EXTRACTlNIi 0fIXM:
<-HOD
D- " " " "
[-NEet(
F - ffti AER POCI<£ I
G - SlOJI DfJI
H-"'"
'@
., J
.
@3,
CA' .45 CAl 30 CAL •. ~
RA PO "'!509
l ,
" C. .1 In-
UNIVE!llrrr Of (.IJJfORNIA
,
SMALL-ARMS AMMUN ITI ON
TM 9-1990
..
CAl..4 S
1. BrA.. uvjL 5. HH~ln~ me lA1 cup.

~. 1.1 . ... eu!' 4. ''''P'' d Wl.
r ' <>u"" 4 .- 1'.1n>en In _Uon.
1--1.145-1
I BULLET. BALL CAL. .Xl. 1.12
BLACK-AP?ROX)~
:::'-1
BULLET. ARMOR-PIERCING . CAL ..30. '-4 2
-
BULLET, TRACER. CAL ..3D, MI.
RA PO 451l
.... Ba.. lI11e.--ndlnK metal. K CO ..- t Dng.t~D "hrt" ...... t~L
Ii. ColnpooUlon . I~nher. ~'. J"<kct~ldlnr """U I.
C. Com,_llIon, Ir. "" •. G. 1' 0101 ftl ~I'- "n<l"T" .bot.
D. Co<e---'O''''']' II. 81",- I".d with AnU,,,n,,,.
( " Or'9",.lfrorn
TM 9-1990
16 ORDXANCf: DEPA RTM EN T
BULLET, BAll, CAl. .~, ~2

,
•
BULlET, AR~OR-P'ERCING, CAl • .50, ~2
ElULlET, TRACER, CAL .. ~, 1.11
RA PO 4512
A . (:om l_Ulun. ,,,,,,UP, . K <:" .... _ Iung.'en clll,.,"'.,..h,,,I.
II, COhlpool\lon •• ub-IK"lter . t '. J .~ke , _ gtldlng m.I.I.
( '. Com_Ulon. 'no""r. <;. p.,ln l fl ll er-l~~d ~' Uh .,,' In'.. n1.
I). Core-.,..,!. II. ';Iur-le~d w1th anUm"",.
RA PO 45 13
I.
Or .. , from
I
TM 9-1990
SM.\LL-ARM S "MMUN ITION
"
RA FSD 1946
11
( Or'9",.11forn
UNIVERfHV Of CALI fORNIA
,.
TM 9-1990
ORIlNANCE DEPARTMENT
1.594 MAX.- - - -
RA PD 4515
II. UnL.... 'L .. L.
18
Or ..... Ifrom
•
TM: 9-1990
SMALL-ARMS AlloU1 UN ITI ON ••
RA PO 4 5'6
A. U n k, ,uelaUic '''''I. ".1II"'T .so, ) 11 . R. 1.lnk, "'~""Ulc bolt ... Ub", .;;0, 1I2.
fl uu u 10.
.506 MAX . - -'I •
!.
x
•>
-o
,
(
.. Or'9",.lfrorn
•
TJ( 9-1990
17-18 ORDNANCE DEPARTMJ::NT
•
SronON III
IDENTIFICATION
~er.l ____ _ _______ __ __ __ __ ______ _ _ ____________________ __ _ __ ___ _ ___P__..
__cnPb
17
ModeL __ ______________ ___ ___________ ____ _______ __ ___ ___ _____. _______ ___ 18
AmmDnltion lot nllmbt>r . ____ ____ ___ _____ ___ _____ _____ _ __ ____ ______ 19
Identl.ftcatlon careL __________ _____ __ ___ __ __ __________ _... ___ ... __ ___ __ __ _ 20
ldentlOcatiOll 01 IImmunltloll t);:L . __ n 21
____ ________n u __ u _ ___ n un
IdentlhClOll In target pnletlee ____ __ ____ __ __ _____________ ___ ___ .. _______ _ 22-
17. General.-a. The type, caliber, ammunition lot number, and

the symbol of the manufacturel' are the essential factors for the identi-
fication of ammunition. Because of its small size, the marking on
small-arms ammunition is the stllmping of the manufacturer's initials
and year of original loading on the base of the cartridge case. For
example, F. A. 88 means the lot was loaded at Frankford Arsenal
in 1938. On lots manuhctured prior to 1940, the caiiber is also
stamped on the base of BOme cartridge cases. National Match &DlIJlU-
nition has the initials N. M. stamped alongside the daw of loading.
•
The ammunition is clearly and fully identified, except as to grade,
from the markings on the original packing boltes and cartons. In
addition to the marking, colored bands painted on the ammunition
boltes and on certain labels, provide a ready means of identification
as to type. See section IV.
h. The following means are used to identify ammunition:
(1) Marking on the original packing bo][ and on each carton. See
section IV.
(2) An identification card, usually 6% by Hi inches, sealed inside
the metal liner on top of ammunition in each bolt (par. 20).
(3) A reference card inserted in the bandoleer, if ammunition is
packed in clips and bandoleers.
(4) The stamping on the base of the cartridge case.
(6) The appearance of the cartridge and the painting on the bullet
(see section on each cartridge).
18. Model.- To distinguish a particular design, a model designa-
tion is .assigned at the time it is classified as an II.dopted type. The
model designation becomes an essential part of the standard nomen-
clature of the item and one of the means of identification. Prior to
July 1, 1925, it was the practice to use the year in which the design
was adopted as the model designation, for eltampie, cartridge, ball,
caliber .4lS, M1911. The present system of model desig'nation is to
use the lettf:r M followed by an Arabic numeral, for example, cartridge,
ball, caliber .50, M2.
20
Or. I""'"
TJ( 9-1990
SMALL-ARMS A.\D4UNtTION 19 go
19. Ammunition lot number.- W'ben Immunition is manufac-

tured, In ammunition lot number, which becomes an essential part of
the marking, is assigned in accordance with pertinent specifications.
This lot number is marked on all packing containers and on the identi-
fication card inclosed in eacb packing box. It is required for all
purposes of record, including grading, use, and repon.s on condition,
functioning, and accidents, in which the ammunition might be in-
volved. No lot other than that of a current grade (as published in
OFSB 3-6) appropriate for the weapon will be fired (par. 13). Since
it is impracticable to mark the ammunition lot number on each indi-
vidual cartridge, every effort should be made to maintain the ammuni-
tion lot number of the cartridges once they are removed from their
originaI packing. Cartridges for which the ammunition lot number
has been lost automatically become grade 3. Therefore, when car-
tridges are removed from their original packings they should be so
marked that the ammunit ion lot number may be preserved.
20. Identification C8rd.- An identification card, approximately
6lh by 16 inches, showing the quantity, type, caliber, model, ammuni-
tion lot number, and the symbol of the manufacturer is sealed inside
the metal liner on top of the ammunition in each box. A card,
10 by 13 inches, is packed with some caliber .45 ball limmunition.
I 21. IdentUlcation of ammunition types.--a. Oeneral.- In gen-
eral, all types of cartridges of one caliber have the same profile, and
they may be identified, except !l!llo ammunition lot number and grade,
by the physica l characteristics outlined bt-Iow. Care should be taken
not to confuse original mlirkings with any subsequent. markin~ made
with lithographic marking ink, whi(,h i~ u.sed for an entirely different
purpose, as dt'SCribed in paragraph 22.
b. Tinned cartridge cme.-A tinned cartridge case indicates high-
pressure te1;t or dummy cartridges. All dummy cartridges of recent
manufacture are without primers. Those of older manufacture have
inert primers and holes are drilled in the cartridge case for
identification.
c. Oolo-r.-( I ) A black tip on the bullet indicates armor-piercing
ammunition.
(2) A red tip on the bullet indicates tracer ammunition.
(3) A purple t ip on the bullet indicates incendiary ammunition.
d. No bulkt present.-Indicates blank ammunition.
22. Identiflcation in target practice.- The number of hits made
upon a target by a certain machine gun or group of machine guns
when others are firing upon the same target is sometimes determined
by coating the tips of the bullets with lithographic ink. The bullets
21
• Or>v, .1 ""'"
•
. TIl 9-1990
22 511i ORDNANCE DEPAft'l'MEN'l'
01 the cartridges for each weapon OJ; group of weapons are coated with
a distinctive color of ink which, upon striking the target leaves a smear
indicating the source of fire. Cartridges which have been 80 coated
must have the ink removed before return to storage. Methods of
marking bullets for antiaircraft machine guns are deiJCribed in para.-
graphs 31 to 87, inclusive, FM 4-1M.
SwnON IV
MARKING
(Jeneral • • __________________________________________ ____ _________ __Pal'aCrllplo
__ __ 28
lIarklnl on boxes ______ ______ ______________________ ____ _ =_____________
:u
Color martlllp _______________________ __________ __ _.__ _ _____ ___________ ~
)larklnK' on eartona________ _______________ __ _________________________ 28

23. General.- Small-arms ammunition boxes are painted brown
and marked with color bands. The painting aids in the preservation
of the bolles and the marking serves &8 a means of identification, mak-
ing it unnecessary to open a box to ide ntify its contents.
24. Marking on boxes.-a. In addition to color bands, described
in paragraph 26, below, each box of small-anns ammunition is marked
with complete information ne« :sary for shipping, care, handling,
and use.
h. The markings (fig. 12) includ_
(I ) Name and address of consignee (one side).
(2) Shipping designation of contents ( top).
(8 ) Quantity and standard nom~nclature of contents (4 sides).
(4) Gross weight in pounda and displacement in cubic f~t (1 side).
(6) Number of shipping ticket and number of package (1 side).
(6) The letters U. S. (in several conspicuous places).
(7) Order number or contract number (1 side).
(8) Ordnance insignia ILlld escutcheons (both ends) .
(9) Name or designation of collllignor (1 side ) .
(10) Ammunition lot m~ber (top and 4 sides).
(11) Month and y ear packed.
(12) Inspector's stamp.
c. Grade symbols will not be marked on ammunition boxes. How·
ever, prior to April 1933, descriptive phrases such as " for rifie use,"
" for aircraft use," were marked on boxl'S. These indications will be
disrt'gardl"d and the grade determined from the current pUblication
of OFSB 3--1'). •
25. Color marldngs.-a. To provide a ready means of identifica-
tion as to type, small·arms ammunition boxes are murked with color
22
., , Or, ,I< .
SMALL-ARMS AM!\.tUN1TIO:i
TJ(
..
9-1990
•
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•
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,.....
U ~IVERSITY 01" CAlIfORNIA
TlIl 9-1990
e" fIt1 ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
bands. On boxes for caliber .80 and caliber .46 cartridges, the band
is painted vertically on the sides and hori:wntally on the ends. On
boxes for caliber .50 cartridges, the bands are painted diagonally on
ends and sides. Prior to 1933 the band was also painted across the
top. .
b. The following color hands are used for each type:
Til"., Band
BaIL _________________ ____ Red.
Blank __ __ ______ ____ ______ Bille.
I)umrny ___ ____ ___ ________ (JrPen.
Gallery practice _______ ___ _ Brown;
Guard _________________ ___ Orange.
High-pressure test ____ _____ · Yellow.
Armor-piercing- ___________ Blue on yellow.
Tracer ______ ______________ Green on yellow.
Incendiary ____ ____________ . Red on yellow.
Rifle grenade ______________ 2 blue bands % inch wide, % inch
apart.
Annor·piercing and tracer_Blue, yellow, g..* n (a stripe band).
Ball and tracer _____ ____ ___ Yellow, red, and green.
c. Wherever yellow bands on boxes interfere with the legibility of
the stenciled yellow markings, the former will be givelL u d ifferent
color.
26. Markings on cartons.- Carton labels are marked to show the
quantity, type, caliber, model, am munition lot number, kind of pro-
pelling charge, and manufacturer. Color stripes similar to those on
the packing boxes are marked on the labels, except that for blank
ammunition the label itse.1f is blue, ,/Ind for dummy ammunition it
is gi cen. The printing on the label is black, except in the case of
high-pressure test cartridges, where it is red. In addition, the carton
label for high-pressure test cartridges is marked with the word
~Dangerousn and ·that for blank revolver cartridges, ca.liber .46,
"I)angerous within 10 feet."
SwnON V
PACKING
GeneraL______________________________________________________________ 21
P.'U"Pb
PackIng bo:le!! ___ ___ _______________ __ ___________ ________ _________ __ .____ 28
Cartou8 _____ _________ ________ _______ __ ______ ______________________ ___ 29
lJaDdolee~ _ ____ ______ _ _ __ _ _ ___ _ __ __ __ __ _ ___ ____ _______ ________ _ _ ___ _ ___ SO
1:1. General.--a. The containers and methods for packing small-
anus ammunition are given in the drawings, specifications, and stand-
24
Dr, ,I<.
UNIVElII!T'I' Of CAlIfORN IA
TM 9-1990
SJ,IAI. ' .... ARM$ AMM UXlTlOX
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......
TIll 9-1990
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
ard nomeDclature lists. .The oont3iners for this ammunition are re-
duced to a few standard types and are designed to withstand all con-
ditions commonly encountered in handling, storttge, and transporta-
tion-while at the same time complying with Interstate Commerce
Commilllion regulations.
b. With few exceptions, as noted in subsequent chapters, small-
arms ammunition is issued in the standard wooden ·packing bol: with
moisture-proof met31 liner. In these hol:es, cartridge8 are packed
in cartons, bandoleers, and in machine-gun belts. Caliber.6O ammu-
nition in link belts is usually packed directly into the metal liner.
Wherever there is a possibility thai cartridges may be jumbled to-
gether during transportation, they are packed first in cartons or
bandoleers. The clips and machine-gun belts in which certain car-
tridges are packed are not in themselves .packing items, but lll"'6
accessories designed for the functioning of ammunition in a specific
weapon. They are described in pllragraph 12. Packing data. are
given in tables in chapters 2, 3, 4, and 6.
28. Packing box6B.- Standard wooden packing hoxes Bre illus-
trated in figure 12. The outer wooden cover of the box is held in
place by six wing nuts. These hol:es have watertight, metal liners.
The cover is closed by soldering but can readily be tom or ripped off
by use of a wire handle provided for this purpose. Correct. pro-
cedure for opening this hoI: is shown in figure 13. The hol:es are
sealed and marked at the place where packed. Unless the entire
marking surface has been defaced, the contents of the hol:es ca"Q. be
determined without opening them. The standard packing hoI:, with
metal liner used for both caliber .30 and caliber .M! ammunition,
weighs approo:imately 20 pounds when empty. Its dimensions, in
inches, are 18%8 by 9%8 by 14 1%8, and its volume is 1.49 cubic feet.
The caliber .4r;· ammunition packing hoI: weighs approximately 19
pounds. Its dimensions, in inches, are 16%8 by 121}S.a by 7%, and its
volume is .92 cubic feet.
29. CartonB.-Cartons are made of single, manila-lined chipboard.
Cartons for caliber .80 ammunition are designed to contain 20 car-
tridges. Cartons for caliber .00 cartridges contain 10 cartridges.
Cartons of caliber .30 cartridges are packed 7/5 to the standard pack-
ing hoI: ; cartons of caliber .00, ar; to the hoI:. Older packings for
caliber.5O ammunition contain only ao cartons per bol:. Afoor pack-
ing, the carton is sealed by pasting a label over the top and sides.
Some types of cartolUl have tearing strips. or strings, but generally
a small semicircular J"eCe1ll in the chiphoftrd at the top of one of
the sides is left as a means of opening the carton. The paper over
26
Or. I""'"
UNIVElII!T'I' Of CAI.IfORN IA
TJI[ 9-1990
8MALL-ARM8 "'MMUNITION
•
this tee ESS is easily punctured by the thumb and the carton opened
by pulling up on the cover, shearing the paper label.
30. Bandoleen.---Q. The purpose of the bandoleer is to afford an
easy means of carrying ammunition in ail accessible manner. The
bandoleer is made of olive-drab cotton cloth and is divided into su
pockets. A shoulder strap of webbing and a saiety pin are attached
to provide an easy means of carrying it on the pel"!lOn. In one pocket
of the bandoleer a reference card is inserted showing the type, am-
munition lot number, manufacturer, &nd powder· lot with which the
ammunition is loaded. Twenty-five bandoleers are packed in the
standard packing box ; older packings had 20 bandoleers per box.
b. The bandoleer, Ml906, is; designed to hold a carton of two 5-round
clips in eech pocket. The packed bandoleer weighs appro:rimately
4 pounds.
o. The bandoleer Ml is designed to hold a carton containing one
8-round clip in each pocket. The packed bandoleer weighs about
31h pounds.
SEOrION VI
SURV}~ILLANCE
Pa.U.... pb
81
~eral ___ __ _ ____ _ ____ __ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ ______ _ __ _ __ ____ __________ _ ___ _ ______ _
~ De8crlptlon ot teete ___ _____ ___ ___ ________ _____ __ __ __ _____________ _____ 82
Detect8 tOUIld on ",qua l enmIDatloD __________ __ _____ ____ ___ __ ______ ____ · 83
Detect.l!l f()tlDd .during and .ner tlrlog___________________________________ 84
31. General.-Surveillance includes, in part, the observation, in-

spection, investigation, and test of explosives and ammu~ition both
in storage and in use. The Chief of Ordnance exercises general
supervision over the surveillance of explosives and ammuni tion, pre-
scribee the tests, and maintains records of the. condition of all lots
in service and in storage.
. 32. De.cription of tests.- Testa to which small-arms ammuni-
tion is subjected for acceptance and, subsequently, for surveillance
• and grading are visual examination ; velocity test; pressure test;
functioning and casualty t.e.-;t.s in specified weapons; hangfire test;
bolt-lift test; accuracy test; tracer test; loading and unloading test.
Some of these tests are described below.
a. Visual impecticn.- Examination of sample for season cracks,
corrosion, or other visual defects is described. in paragraph 33.
b. Velocity h'd.--8tandard methods are used for conducting ve-
locity tests. Screens are placed a definite distance apart end the ve-
locity of the bullet is calculated from the time of flight in traveling
from the flrst screen to th~ second. In the Boulenge test, the first
27
Or, .1<.
I
'HL 9-1990
32 33 ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
screen is placed 3 feet hom the gull muzzle and the second screen
is placed 100 feet from the first. The velocity detennined from the
time of Hight between the two screens is the velocity .t 78 feet from
the muzzle. A modification of the above test where distance is not
available requires the screens to be spaced 100 feet apart, and the cal-
culated velocity is the velocity at 63 feet from the muzzle of the gun.
Other modifications of the test are to ascertain the velocities at the
same average distance from the muule of the gUll.
c. Pre~,,"n teIJIt.-Thil'l test is conducted in a pret!llure barrel. The
barrel has a small hole drilled in thl:' Ride of the chamber into which
is inserted a small piston (fig. 14). On firing the cartridge, the pres-
sun! of the gases fOl'ces the piston against a copper cylinder and
comprEsses it. The amount of compression of the cylinder is an
iudex of the pressure developed.
ti. Hal1f1/ire tut.-In this test t.ht' cartridges are fired in a machine
gun at a disk revolving at a prescribed speed. By means of a. me·
chanical device the gun is synchronized with the disk; that is, the
gun is mechanically timed to fire at a given point on the disk each
time it makes a complete rEovolution. A small group of holes is pro·
duced on the disk, which must not e:zceed 15 for grade AC ammu· G
IJition, nor 28° for other grades, when the disk speed is 1,800 r.p.m.
e. Machine-fItIn IfJI1lCtioning tut.-A number of cartridges are tired
in II. machine gun to detennine the number of jams, ruptures, or
other mechanical defects.
I. Rifle IfJJnCtioning tuf.-A number of rounds are fired in II. riOe
whose head space is specified .
.g. Tracer telt.- Tracer ammunition is given II. tracer U!st in which
the ammunition is fired in a machine gun. The number of shotll
failing W trace the required distance and the number of muule
burs~, blinds, or other erratics are recorded.
33. Defects found on mual examination.- The following de·
fects may be found in cartridges during examination. The various
.types of splits that may occur in cartridge cases are shown in fig. 15.
a. Delect6 lound tm vb<ua/, e:ramifUUwn belore firing.
CommoD ..' . . .MtIoao

•
( I) Bodyonhould- PrfJB81nl! with thethumbon Improper annealillg, weak
er apliu.. cartrIdge calle, near ne<lk. I tructUrfJ and Itrain.
Should not be fir-ed.
(2) Corl"()llion •••• _. Coloring or (smen,
!, ' F e . Metal eaten into and weak·
blue, yellow, or white ened; will cauae rupture
00101"1). AiIlO appearance ,,·hen cartridge is fired .
of cbemlcal depo.dt. Not Depo!Jit interierfl8 wlth
to be confused wi th true chambering. Cari.ridgeol
di&coioratlon ; blackening ahowlng advanced corm-
of eaee. orion ahould not be flred.
28
Or, .1<.
TJ[ 9-1990
SMALL-ARMS AMMUNITION 33
. • -••
N_." deled Bo. "" ''''''''".... Com_ ,..,., " .. . ", ,10 ...
CreMe _______ __
(3) Similar fold i. Thin metal at creaee . pot.
-.
neek or .houlder.
(4) Dra ... IICJ"ateh _. _ Longitudinal .cratcb CalUled bf grit in tb e final
draw dIe. Deep K r.tch
will ope n up Oil liring.
(6) Folded neck __ __ Overlapping of metal in Metal thinner Oil one lide;
cue and neek Indicated in.ufficient annealing.
by longitudi ....1 protuber-
anee.
(6) I ndent and bur _ l "dentaUolLolL and burrlnS __ _ Rough bandling during
manufacturing proeeu.
D.llieroul pre8IIure only
If dent II Iar~.
( 7 ) I nset primer __ _ Primer IHIt too deep in Likely to mldire. Should
pocket. not be u1lf!d.
( 8 ) Looee rountk __ _ Bullet IQQee In eNe _ _ __ _ _ _ _ Should not be fired.
( II) Moutb pull- Moutb of e&IIe Ibove<! t-o Mouth .... nealed very 110ft.
down. one .id~ by bull~t when
_ted in cue.
( 10) Oil dent ___ ___ _ Smooth IUrfaoe Indent In Exceu of 011 UI,ed ill tapering
'" -.
or near .boulder or neek operation. Negligible de-
fect unlen ext r ltmely
large.
( 11) Round bead __ _ Head ot cutridge cue bev- Too little metal in head w
eled on outer edge 110 that fonn properly; alao. thiCk-
it i.o practically round . headed cartridge .ppe....
M • round head. Cau_
t rouble in extraction.
InelUlion. of impuriti"" in Cauoea irregular break in
the metal, IIOmetimefl ob- cartridge eaee and 10M ot
I .ervabl" to the eye, lOW \\- velocity due to ellCape of
time. hidden. gu wben fired.
(13) Br ..on CI'..,k _~ Split in the neek of cue. Due to the distortion of tbt
Definite lon gi tud in a l nonnal eryltalline Itrue-
cracking when eJ:~ to ture of tbe metal 1.11 reault
"",vere weathering condi- of drawing and taperilli
tlo"a Or certain reagtlnta. operation. (not to be eon_
fu.oo witb I plit neckt 0C-
curring .fwr firi"g).
( 14) Shott rounda __ Bullet _ted too deep ____ _ Not terioul unleea It II 110
deep ... to atreet denatty of
charge.
( HI) Shoulder hulge_ Pucker at the /:detlon of Metal 100 ItOft or tbln . t thl.
Ihoulder a"d y. point. AiIIO by forecful
Ie.ting of bullet.
(16) Split bulleta Longitudinal erackl In the Ruptures neck of cartridge
(traeeJ-) . bullet. cue. Free mercu ry from
trace r mixture ama!lr:.-
maloU with metal of bullet
e.uling tbe split. BeriOUI
detect; to be reported
.... hen found.
(17) Splltmouth ___ 8plitinedgeof eue __ _____ Often result of plugging op-
eration . .
(t 8) Thiek he.d ____ Head of cue h... a thiekneee Extractor may not be .ble
of metal g~ter than the to function.
maximum allowed.
(III) Thin head __ ___ Head of cue hl.ll a tbiekneal Extractor may pull tbroullh
of metal !eM thAn mini_ thin metal of the bead.
mum allowed.
29
Q,i.v, . 1""'"
UNIVElII!T'I Of CAl.IfORNIA
TM: 9-1990
3334. ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
.
b. N achiM-gwn belu.-These defects may be found in ammunition
loaded in belts for use in machine guns:
(1) The cartridges are not. properly alined in the belts.
(2) There is an improper proportion or spacing of tracer ammuni-
tion, when used.
(8) W eb belts may be dirty, wet, and have torn loops,
(4) When caliber .50 ammunition is lli!0d, it must be loaded into
belts for left· hand feed. 80 that when the points of the bullets are toward
the front, the double loop of each link will be to the right. When
loading for right-hand feed, the double link must. be to the left.
34. Defects found during and atter flring.---a. Mufi-n.- ( l)
The primer shows a normal impression of the firing pin indicating
that a blow sufficiently hard to ignite a primer in perfect condition
has been delivered (fig. 16). Such a misfire indicates that the primer
is defective. This defect may be caused by-
(a) Thick metal in the base of the primer cup.
(b) Thick primer pellet which cushions the blow.
(e) No priming mixture.
(d) NO,anvil.
(e) No vent.
(I) Various combinations of these defects.
(2) Primer shows light impression of firing pin indica.ting that
the force of the 'blow strUck was not sufficient to 'ignite the primer.
This may be ca.used by-
(a) A mechanical defect in the weapon.
(b) A short or broken firing pin.
(e) A weak firing-pin spring.
(d) The bolt of the weapon is not being completely locked.
(e) Grease in the firing pin hole which cushions the blow of the
firing pin.
(I) A very short primer cup being inserted in a very deep primer
pocket; the primer travels deeper into the pocket with the motion of
the firi ng pin.
(g) Primer being seated too deep in the primer pocket.
(A) Improper angle of the shoulder of the cartridge case which
allows the cartridge case to go forward. •
(i ) A defective primer as in (1) above,
(3) Primer shows normal impression of firing pin, but off center.
This is caused by a defect in the weapon.
b. Hangfire,-Delayed. ignition of the powder in the cartridge may
be caused by a small or decomposed primer pellet, damp powder, or a
light blow of the firing pin caused by dirt or a defect in the weapon.
While a hangfire is a serious defect if the delay is long enough to per-
30
Or, ,I<.
SMALlrARMS AMMUNITION
T!I![
..
9-1990
mit the bolt to be opened before the po,...der burns completely, such
delay is rarely found in practice. Should a hangfire of lleveral seconds
delay occur, and the bolt be opened befote the powder explodes, injury·
to the firer or damage to the weapon, or both, may result. For pre--
cautions t.o be observed in case of hangfire, see paragraph 86.
c. Pierced pM1M7'.-Perforation of the primer cup by the firing pin.
This may be caUBed. by an imperfect pin or very thin metal if! the base
of the primer cup. There are various degiil,es of thi8 perforstion. A
very small perforation will show, by mMns of a discoloration around
the indent made by the firing pin, the escape of gas. The disk from a
large perforation may be blown into the action of the gun with such
an BS o:ape of gas as t.o lower the velocity of the bullet.
d. Primer lMk.-Gas generated by the explosion of the powder
charge escapes between the walls of the primer cup and the primer
pocket, causing di9C010ration around the primer and the head of the
cartridge calle. The discoloration may be slight indicating a small
primer leak, or heavy, indicating a large primer leak. The primer
leak may be beeaulle of too small a primer, too large a primer hole, or
eIcEEive pressure generated by the propelling charge.
e. Bluum pMmM.-On firing the cartridge, the primer is blown
completely from the pocket of the cartridge ease. Although this is a
serious defect, it is seldom encountered.
~ f. Primer letback.-Pressure developed by the explosion of the pro.
pellent charge forces the primer back against the face of the bolt.
On ezflJlliriation it will be seen that the primer protrudes above the
head of the cartridge case. The setback of the primer may be slight or
heavy and is due to a defedive bolt, cartridge, or excessive pressure.
g. Leak tU back of CQ.8e.- The gas escapel! int.o the action of the
weapon. The discoloration due t.o this escape of gas is along the body
of the cartridge case.
h. Failure of Calle to e:ctract.-This may be due to a poorly fonned
or weak extractor, or a defective cartridge.
' i. Blow back.-An escape of gas under pressure to the rel\r is com-
monly referred t.o as a blow back. P ierced primer, primer leak,
blown primer, primer setback, and ruptured cartridge, are known as
hlow backs.
j. SplitMCk.-The neck of the cartridge case splits in 6rin~ and
ill accompanied by an escape of glls. Thi~ iihould not be confused
with a split neck due to season cracking which can be observed before
firing.
k. Split body.-A more or less regular longitudinal split in the
body of the case which allows gas to escape, thereby reducing the
velocity of the bullet. This defect is generally found in cartridge
81
Dr, .1<.
..
TId: 9-1990
OR DNANCE DEPARTMENT
,
~
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•
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32
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l " UNIVERS ITY Of CALIfORNIA
TlIr ~1990
caSES which have a deep draw 8Cratch or in those which are made
from defective brass.
l. Btretch.-A continuous ring around the body of It fired cartridge
case which shows that the metal was stretched to such an extent when
the cartridge was fired that slightly more stretching would probably
result in a partial or complete rupture. This ill generally due to
improper head space.
m. Oomplete nlpture.-A circumferential separlttion of the metal
completely around the body of f.he fired cartridge case causing it to
' -III SIO(.u. Nl!M "!:AD

,
D - III $I0EW0U. EXTDC>IIIIO ,''',
TD UTItACTIOtI Gi'l0Qvt:
[-I'll SIOlWALI. ElIT'£NDlIIII
INTO ""' ..[II I'OCIIET
, -lit SlD£*l.I. OF .'OU'~Dt:1I
• •
, , +--I
,
, , ,
,
CAL • .4:;, MIII'1i
.. ....
CAI....)() • CAL..50
~
VIGOU 15._L<K:atloB of . pUt.. In ca rtd4e ......
separate into two parts. If such a rupture occurs, upon extnction,

the forward portion of the fired cartridge case remains in the cham-
ber of the weapon. Thi~ is a serious defect, llnd will cause the next
round of am munition to jam. It is usually due to bad bolt locking
or a defective cartridge case.
fl.. Prvtuu rupture.- A pllrtinl circumferential separation around
the body of the fired cartridge case. Like a complete rupture, this
is a serious defect, as upon extraction the portion of the metal holding
the two parts of the cartridge case may gil'e way, thereby leaving the
.. Q,i.v, . 1""'"
......
TJ49-1990
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
AA rD 4514
A. L qbt. c. 1I.... t.
for wa rd portion of the fired cartridge case in the chamber of the

weapon. This defect is also usually due to bad bolt locking or a
derective cRrtridge CIISe.
Sl':CTIo:-; VII
CARE, HANDLING, AND PRESERVATION
General ____ ________ ____________ _____________ ~_ __ __ ___________ _ _ _ __ ___ __ s:;
Care and precautlon, In handlln!:_____________ ______ ____ _________________ 36
Storn ~ -- _ _ _____ __ _ _ __ _____ _ ____ __ ___ _ ___ __ _______ _ __ __ _ __ ___ _ __________ 37
Precautions In tlrhl& blank smmun itlon_ ____ _____________________ _________ 8S
Propelle nl powder ______________________________________________________ S9
35. General.~The pro"isions contai ned in this section are of a

specific. nature for small-arms ammunition only. Regulations which
govern posts, camps, and stations which store limited quantities of
ammunition are published in TM 9-1900. Regulations prescribed for
ordnance de pots and establishments are set forth in the Ordnance
Safety Man ual, 0 .0. 7224.
36. Care and precautions in handling.-a. Boze".-(1) Small-
arms ammunition, as compared with other types of ammunition, is
not dange rous to handle. Care, however, must be observed to keep
the boxes from becoming broken or damaged. All broken boxes must
~ repaired immediately. Transfer all markings to the new parts of
the box. The metal liner should be air-tested and sealed if equipment
for this work is available.
(2) Boxes should always be opened by breaking the seals and un -
screwi ng the wing nuts, us shown in figure 13. They should be opened
carefully, as the wooden boxes are used as long as they are service-
able. If the cover of the metal lining sticks, it may be loosened by
placing a piece of wood inside the handle so as to get a better grip
and jerked loose with an angular pull. The metal lining is expend-
able but should be turned in for salvage.
(3) AmmWlition boxes should not be opened nor the meW liner
34
( 0. .... fL ...
TM 9-1990
broken until the ammunition is required for issue or use. Ammuni-

tion removed from the airtight ('ontainer, particularly in damp cli-
mates, is apt to corrode, thereby causing the ammunition to become
unserviceable.
b. Handling cartridge,.-(l) After a box of ammunition has been
opened and cartridges issued, each man should taks care of his own
ammunition. The primer should be protected from blows by sharp
instruments as such a blow might e:s:plode the ca.rtridge.
(2) Ammunition should be protected from mud, sand, dirt, and
water. If it gets wet or dirty, it should be wiped oft' at once. Verdi-
gris or light corrosion should be wiped olI. However, cartridges
should not be polished to make them look better or brighter. The
use of abrasives is forbidden. If a cartridge case becomes so cor-
roded that a perceptible amount of metal is eaten away, it is dangerous
to fire and should not be used.
(8) Ammunition should not be exposed to the direct rays of the sun
for any length of time. If the powder is heated, it is likely to cause
e:a:cessive pressure when fired and will affect the performance of the
ammunition.
(4) The use of oil or greRSe on cartridge cases is prohibited. Greas-
ing or oiling cartridges used in ma('hine guns and automatic arms
, caUBeS the collection of dust and other abrasives which are injurious.
Grease or oil on cartridge ca.ses or on the walls of the chamber in non-
automatic rifles creates e:s:cessive and hazardous pressure on the rifle
bolt. When thell! is oil on the cartridge case, there is no adhesion
of the case to the chamber. When the CIlS6 expands upon firing, tho
case slips back, and the bolt receives a greater rearward thrust. An
apparent exception exists in the case of lead bullets. H owever, only
the bullet is waxed or greased B.S issued.
(6) Whenever ca.rtridges are taken from cartons and loaded into
belts or clips, the latter will be tngged or otherwise 90 marked that
the ammunition may be identified as to lot number. Such identification
is necessary to prevent otherwise serviceable ammunition from being
placed in grade S, because of lOss of lot number.
c. Defu:tive oo7'tridge",-(l) Dented cartridges, cartriclges with
100118 bullets, or otherwise defective rounds should not be fired. Lots
having more than;'; percent of defective cartridges will be subjected
to 100 percent inspection. Defective rounds will be culled out, the
serviceable cartridges repacked prior to issue, and a report will be
made to the Chief of Ordnance. If 20 percent or more are defective,
the lot is withdrawn from service Rnd held for disposition. Particular
attention should be paid to incipient cracks which are not easily
detected unless the thwnb is pressed against the bullet, thus exposing
" Or, ,I<.

.....,
TlII 9-1990
ORDNANCE DEPAR~
the'crack in the cartridge case. Defective cartridges will be considered

1\8 grade 3 ammunition.
(2) During firing, the general precautions concerning the firing of
ammunition in the field IJ.8 prescribed in.AR 7M-1O and in 'I'M 9-1900
will be observed.
(3) No small-anns ammunition-other than blank ammunition,
caliber.22 cartridges, and shotgun shellB-will be fired until it has been
positively identified by ammunition lot number and grade, as pub-
lished in the latest revision or change to OFSB 3-6.
(4) The use of annor-piercing cartridges is prohibited in demon-
iitratiOns in which tanks participate.
(5) In using annor-piercing ammUliition, it is weD to remember
that the cores of bullets that fail to penetrate the tArget wiD rebotuld.
The radius of reboUlid for annor-piercing ammunition depends on
9Sveral faerol"S but may safely be taken at a maximum of 100 yards
fOr caliber .30 and 200 yards f or caliber .150.
d. M i8fi,1"U and ltangfiru.-(I) Because a misfire cannot immedi-
ately be distinguished from a. hangfire, it is unsafe to open the bolt
of a ri& immediately when a misfire occurs. When the rifle, caliber
.SO, Ml , fails to fire, it should be recocked by operating the trigger
guard, and refired before opening the bolt.
(2) F or other rifles, in the event of a misfire, the rifle should be re-
cooked by drawing back on the cocking piece and refired before open-
ing the bolt.
(S) When a hangfire occurs in any lot, its use should be suspended
and a report made to the post ordnance officer, giving the number of
the lot involved. The lot thus affected will be withdrawn and replaced
by serviceable ammtulition. .
e. Weapom.-(l) Before firing, the firer must be sure that t he bore
of the weapon is free from any foreign matter such as cleaning patches.,
mud, sand, snow, and the like. A weapon fired with any obstruction
in the bore will be damaged and ma.y injure the firer.
(2) When a bullet lodges in the bore of a rifle, pistol, or machine
gun, it should be removed by the application of pressure from the
muzzle end of the weapon. To attempt to shoot the bullet out with
another cartridge is dangerous and is prohibited.
f. Deri1"UCtit:m. of amm_ition.-When it is necessary to destroy
unserviceable small·arms ammunition locally, such destruction will be
accomplished in accordance with TM 9--1900.
37. Storage.-a. Piling by lot.-Small-arms ammunition should
be stored and piled acwrding to type and ammunition lot number.
Extreme care, must be exereised. to prevent the mixing of ammuni-
tion lots in one pile. When small-arms IlJDmunition is received,
36
Or, ,I< .
• UNIVElII!T'I' Of {AlIfORNIA
TJ!I{ 9-1990
SMALL-ARMS AMMUN ITION '7-'8
issued, checked, stacked, or restacked, reliable personnel should be

in charge and a check made of the a mmunition lot number on each
box.
b. P rotecti&n.-(l) Whenever practicable, small-arms ammuni-
tion should be stored under cover. This applies particularly to
tracer and shotgun ammunition. Tracer ammuni tion is subject to
rapid deterioration if it becomes damp, and may even ignite spon-
taneously. Shotgun shells are not packed in wlI,terproof metal-
lined boxes except f or oversea shipment. -
(2) Although small-anns ammunitio n is packed in boxes with metal
liners, actual tests have shown that leaks in the linel'S are developed
in handling and shipping to the extent of 8 percent in newly packed
ammunition, while in the older lots leaks have been f ound in as
high as 70 percent of the liners. The leaks, though small, will ad-
mit moisture if the ammunition is exposed to the weather or eJ:trem~
variations in temperature.
(8) Should it become necessary to leave small-anns ammunition in
the open, it should be raised on dunnage at least 6 inches from the
ground and the pile covered with II. double thickness of serviceable
tarpaulin. Suitable trenches should be dug to prevent water flowing
under the pile.
_ c. Trooer ammunition .dorage.-If practicable, tracer ammunition
should be stored separately from other ammunition.
d. High. temperaluNlI.-Small -arms ammunition in storage should
be protected from extreme heat to avoid decomposi tion of the pro-
pellent powder. The combination of high temperature and a damp
atmosphere is particularly detrimental to the powder.
e. Opened bQ;UI.-When only a part of a box is used, the remain-
ing ammunition in the box should be protected against unauthorized
ha ndling and use by fastening the cover finnly in place.
t. Fire hazarti.-lf placed in a fire, small-arms ammunition does
not explode violently. There are small individual explosions of each
cartridge, the case flying in olle direction and bullet in another.
In case of fire, it is advisable to keep personnel not engaged in
fighting the fire at least 200 yards distant, and have them lie on the
ground. It is unJikely that the bullets and cases will fly over 200 yards.
38. Precautions in firing blank ammunition.----o. It is danger-
ous to fire blank cartridges at personnel representing an enemy at
distances less than 20 yards as the wad or paper cup may fail to
break up.
b. No blank cartridges, other than those authorized below, will
be used for blank firing.
(1 ) All cartons are plainly marked and markings should be strictly
87
Or, .1<.
TJII[ ~1990
38 ORDNANCE DEPART.MENT
checked before the ammunition is issued. The cartridge, blank,

caliber .30, M1909, is similar in appearance to some of the Ml909
caliber .80, high-pressure blank cartridges, formerly used for pro-
pelling rifle grenades. The carton markings, however, show the
difference. Moreover, the heads of these high.pressure blank car-
tridges are stamped R. G., KIF. G., or ILL. G. They are dangerous
to use in automatic or semiautomatic guns.
(2) Only blank ammunition packed in the original package or
carton will be issued for use in machine guns or automatic riOes.
A.mmunition once removed from the original package or carton and
on hand (usually tenned broken or loose ammunition) should be
reissued for use in bolt-action rilles only. These instructions are
for the purpose of eliminating the danger of firing a high-pF;sure
blank cartridge or a blank cartridge fitted with a felt or thick paper
wad in an automatic weapon equipped with a blank ammunition
firing attachment, which would greatly endanger personnel and
probably damage the gun.
(3) All blank cartridges with felt or thick paper wads will be issued
for use in bolt-action riOea only. The mark of distinction between the
paper cup and felt wad closing is the depth of eeating in the neck of
the cartridge ; the paper cup being seated much deeper (approximately
~ inch) than the felt wad, which ia approximately ~e inch deep. It
will be further noted that ammunition containing the felt wad is
cannelured at a point approximately %0 inch from the mouth of the
cartridge case whereas that Containing the paper cup is cannelured at
';'0 inch from the mouth (fig. 18). Only ammunition containing the
paper cup will be used in automatic anns.
( 4) Ammunition containing the felt wad has been found to be
dangerous when used in automatic arms for the reason that the wads
may accumulate in the blank firing attachment, clog the gas-escape
holes, and eventually build up to a point where excess pressures will
be developed on firing. It has been determined by uperi.ment that
the ucessive pressure sets up a hammering action which, after about
100 rounds, may cause the blowing 011' of the back plate of the caliber
:30 Browning machine gun.
c. Misfires in which the primer explodes but fails to ignite the
powder charge may prove dangerous when blank ammunition is fired
in automatic arms. In misfires of this kind some of the powder is
blown into the bore of the weapon. A series of such rounds in which
the powder f&ils to ignite will result in an accwnulation of powder
sufficient to cause serious damage whe.n ignited by a nonnal cartridge.
When misfires are encountered. in blank ammunition in eJOce88 of Ii
88
Or. . 1""'"
SMALL-ARMS AMMUNITION ......
TlII 9-1990
percent, the lot will be suspended Ind reported to the Chief of

Ordnance.
39. Propellent powder.-a. Volatile•. -(l) The volatile material
in smokeless powder is composed of residual amounts of solvent (aloo-
hoi-ether mixture) and moisture. A certain amount of residual sol-
vent is allowed to remain in the finished powder to insure toughness of
the colloid and also to retard dflCOmposition of the powder. Grains
that have lost a considerable part of their residual solvent become
brittle and burn faster, giving rise to high pressures and, frequently ,
to erratic performance.
(2) The amount of moisture which powder will absorb increases
with the humidity of the atmosphere. A definite percentage of mois-
ture is therefore left in the finished powder to minimize changes in
moisturt! content of the powder as atmospheric conditions change. By
keeping constant the original content of both solvent and moisture,
changes in pressure and velocity aroavoided. H ence, smokeless powder
is alw!l.Ys kept tightly sealed either in fixed am.munition or standard
packing containerf'.
b. Elfut 01 eueui'Ve moUtul"e.-Storage in damp atmosphere will
cause powder to absorb moisture. This will result in deterioration,
especially in a hot climate.
c. Elfect of heat.-The weight of charge for a given lot of powder
is usually ,established by test firings with a powder temperature of
100 F. A weight of charge is detennined which will cause a. certAin
muzzle velocity of the bullet. When the temperature of smokeless
powder is increased, the powder burns faster and consequently can
produce a greater muzzle velocity. An increase in temperature above
70° F. increases the muzzle velocity !l.hove the established muzzle ve-
locity and a decrease in powder temperature below 70 0 F. decreases
the muzzle velocity below esta.blished velocity. Since it is not always
possible to h!l.ve the powder temperature at exactly 70° F ., velocity
corrections for temperature variations have been calculated. The
change in velocity per degree F. is 1.5 feet per seoond for pyro DO
powder and 1.7 feet per second for coated powder.
d. Life of trm{)kele86 powder.-Tbe life of powder, or the period
during which it remaill9 serviceable, may vary from about 5 to 20
years or more, dependent upon the care exercised in ita manufacture
and stor!l.ge. Sm!l.!ler grains tend to decompose more r!l.pidly than
l!1.rger grains beC!l.use of the greater surf!l.ce exposed. Powder in the
state of decomposition is unsafe to store because of the danger of
spontaneous combustion, since heat is emitted during the process of
decomposition. An !l.ccumulation of such heat further increases
decomposition, producing more he!l.t until the ignition temperature
is reached.
39
Dr, .1<.
UNIVElII!T'I Of CAl.IfORNIA
TJ[ 9-1990
ORDNANCE
'" DEPARTM~NT
SwnON VIII
FIELD REPORT OF ACCIDENTS
P.~pb
lI'I.eld report ot aocldent. _________________________ ________________ __
~ __ 40
40. Field report of accldentl:.--a. ' Any serious malfunctions 01

ammunition must be promptly reported w the ordnance officer under
whose supervision the material is maintained and issued. It is only
by making immediate and complete reports of all abnonnal function-
ing of ammunition, thereby permitting prompt investigation, that
possible danger may be eliminated and a reliable supply of ammuni-
Lion maintained. Hangfires, which are "",pecially dangerous in riOes,
lLnd other dangerous malfunctions should be promptly reported and
the lot of ammunition temporarily suspended from use. Immediately
after the occurrence of sn accident, all parts of the gun, the cartridge
-case involved in the accident, and the remaining cartridges in the
box from which the defective cartridge Wl!t8 taken should be collected
and carefully preserved, pending instructions from the ordnance OffiC1!f
or the board appointed w investigate the accident.
b. Paragraph 7, AR 4tHIO, requiretl an immediate report of acci-
dents by the ordnance officer w the Chief of Ordnance. In making
reporta of malfunctions, as much of the following information as
possible should be promptly furnished the post ordnance officer:
(1) Data perlaining to 1Mapon.
(a) Caliber, type, and model.
(b) Name of manufacturer.
(e) Serial number.
(d) Type of fire.
(e) Elevation.
(I) Recoil.
(g) Range w target.
(A) Condition of weapon before occurrence of the malfunctioning.
(i) Detailed description of condition of weapon after accident
(including photographs, sketches, and measurements of important
featureS).
(1) Number of rounds fired in we.apon just prior w the malfunc-
tioning.
(k) Total number of rounds fired in weapon.
(l) Such other pertinent information as may be available.
(2) Ammunition marking,.
(a) Standard nomenclature (type, caliber, and model).
(b) Manufacturer.
Or. . 1""'"
TlI(
..
9-1990
(0) Lot number (given on outside of packing box and on identi-

fication card).
(d) Lot number (as shown on bandoleer ticket., machine-gun belt
tag, or carton). .
(e) Initials marked on head of cartridge case.
(f) Method packed (whether in bandoleers, metallic link or web
belts, or cartons).
(3) Vi8ual i1UJpection.
(a) Total number of rounds visually inspected.
(b) Number of season cracks found out of total inspected.
(c) Condition of case as to corrosion and cause of cOITosion-either
caused by stains (strains) or actual verdigris formed above the surface
of the cartridge.
(d) Number of bullets that can be extracted by hand from the
cartridge case.
(e) Condition of box and metal liner.
(f) Nature of other defects; whether deformed cartridge cases are
found.
(g) Condition of storage with reference to type of building;
whether box611 were properly separated by spacers.
(A) Quantity remaining on hand.
(4-) Firi~ data fM defective loe of ammunition.
, (a) Approximate number of rounds fired.
(b) Number of hangfir611 and approxi mate time of each.
(0) Number of blown-out primers.
(d) Number of cartridge cases failing to extract normally.
(el Number of cartridge cases which were difficult to extract
normally.
(f) Number of ruptured cartridge cases.
(g) Number of shots failing to reach target.
(II) Number of shots failing to leave the bore.
(15) Additional tkUa pertaining to traar ammunition.
(a) Number of muzzle bursts.
(b) Number of bullets failing to trace the required distance.
(e) Other defects encountered.
(6) Detaih of accident.
(a) Name of man firing weapon.
(b) List of eyewitnesses.
(e) A detailed description of the accident, and other pertinent data
not covered above.
41
Q,i.v, .1 ""'"
l UNIVElII!T'I' Of {AljfORN IA
TJ( 9-1990
" .... ORDNANCE nJ:PABTMENT
CHuu.... 2
AMMUNITION, CALIBER .30
.
S~ON I. General __ ___ ___ _________ ____ __ _____ ____ __ __ __P_...... c.pb.
41-46
II. Cartridge, armor-piercing, caliber. 30, M2 ________ 47--48
III. Cartridge, ball, caliber .30 ML ______________ __ __ _ 49--60
IV. Cartridge, ball, caliber .30 M2 _______ ___________ _ 51-li2
V. Cartridge, tracer, caliber .30, MI ___ _____ ___ _____ _ 53-li4
VI. Cartridge, blank, caliber .30, :a.:H909______ ____ ___ _ M
vll. Cartridge, drummy, caliber .30, MI906 __________ n IS6
VIII. Cartridge, dununy, caliber .30, M2____ ________ ___ 57
IX. Cartridge, gallery practice, caliber .30, M1919___ __ 58
X. Cartridge, guP,rd, caliber .30, ML __ __ ____ __ _____ 59-60
XI. Cartridge, guard, caliber .30, MlOO6 ________ ______ 61-62
XII. Cartridge, high-pressure test, caliber .30, l1L __ ___ 68
XIII. Cartridge, incendiary, caliber .30, ML__ __ __ _____ 64
SIlCTION I
T); !I______________________GENERAL
________________ ______________________ ~ ..... p.
{l
Identlflcatlon_________ ________ ___ ___________ ___ ________ __ _______ _____ .£!

Grades and n__________________________________ ______________________ .a
Ma rltl"l' aDd packl"l'_______ ________ ___ _____ _____________ ____________ __ ..
ComponeDt parU_____________________________________________________ 415
CompoDeDt wel&hte.. ___ ___ _.,.___________ ______ _______ __ ___ __ ________ ___ ""
41. TypeB.-a. The ammunition described in this chapter is de-

signed for use in all standard rifles and machine guns of caliber .30.
It includes cartridges of the following types : armor-piercing, ball,
tracer, incendiary, blank, dummy, guard, and high-pressure test. (See
figs. 17- 20.)
b. Cartridges which differ in the type of cartridge case, such as
subcaJiber, caliber .30, and carbine, caliber .30, are described in
chapter 5.
42. Identiflcation.--(.I. In common with all other small-arms am-
munition, caliber .30 cartridges are identified by the markings on
the packing boxes and cartons Bnd by the identification card. These
included the type, caliber, model, manufacturer's symbol, and ammu-
nition lot number. For further information see section III, chapter 1.
b. Physical differences in the cartridges are described in the sec-
tions on the several cartridges.
43. Grades and uses.-F or information concerning grades and
I
uset; see paragraph 18 and OFSB No. 3--5.
42
Or, ,I<.
UNIVElII!T'I' Of CAlIfORN IA
SMA LL-ARM8 AMMUNlTIQN ..
TIll 9-1990
44. Ma rking an d pacldng .-a. •Varking.- The markings on

bozes and cartons a.nd coloring on bullets are described in section
IV, chapter 1.
b. P acking.-The following table of packi ng data includes pack·
ing for all standard caliber .30 ca rtridge&. Further information will
be found in section V, chapter 1.
n,
M I. ••
M I. ••
M I. ••
,,.'"
M L .•• ""
ML ••
M1 ' • •
'"
'"
<0,
' OS
BaU, Ml , national
mAub. '. '"
I B&Il, M2 ••••
'.'.
Ball, M2 ••••
BaU, M2 ••••
Ball, M2 •••• •••• '.'. ,,.'"
' <0
98
Br.lI, M2 ••••• • •• • •
B&Il, M2 ••••••• •••••• '.'. '"
Ball,
mat.eb.
M2 nAtion al
'. n."
B&Il, M2 ' ••••
'. <0,
Ball, M2 ( ~ra.cer)
B&Il, M2 (l.nl>Or-piefO-
'. ""
•
in!!, M2 and ~raeer,
M ! ) .'
BI.... k, MI QO\} ••••••••
Blank , Ml QO\} ••••••••
thunmy , ~f2 •••• _••••
,'.
•'.
....
<0.
Dummy , M lQ06--Cor.
""aud.
Dummy , MI Q06--Cor- "
rupted.
Gallery
001>10i00i. ' 8poo:\a1 po.ckl. CIOf Ar ... y Air , _.

r.
' J.U ""'Dds .... _ked I. 130_ 1''' , by,." b,14' tl , 1... ~ whklo ...... y 1.31 IQU_ leel ""., l .tO
'!!ea"'"
holl . M 2 ormo<·pio>rdn~ • • d tr."..) •
• _ _ • M l\1011. ' B. DdoIoot-. M I.
' s.o a\ool..--.i>*...... M2 ( ~ ); baU. M 7 (tr ...... ): ball, M 2 (. . -·plrrcllll ..,., ~); ball ,
MI (U -) .
43
v • I"
IJN I V~\m Of (AlJHltNiA
,
~
t'f'~
45. Component partII. -The following table lists the component parts of caliber .80 cartridges. F or
description of case, primer, and powder charge, 900 section II, cla.pte.r 1. Components lI'hich diller from the ~
standard type are deacribed in the eection for the specifi c cartridge.
, Corutdp_ P"I '_D' _ '*'

,- ~
"- _tlllor
-- g
it
AP, M2 •.. ___ ..•••• Bra.. ______ S moteleM •• _._. ___ Glldiq metal. ____ Alloy.tee!. •• ____ _ Tted . bot._ Glldine metal.
Ball ML. __________ B ..... _•••••
Ball MI- AIL . ____ Br_ _______
_________ Giklin8 metaL. __ I antimony _______
Smoke • •• _______ Gildin, metaL . ___ I antimon' _______ ------------
S~ke~
Tracer, ML. _______ B...... ___ ••• Smo1r.e• • ________ QUdio, metaL . __ ----- .... __ . __ ._--
.......
_- _..
1 antJmonr T _ oompo-
I
• DraM. ______ EC Blank powder __
Dummy, MlL . __ ._. B...... tinned . None ••••........• -Gilding
BiAnk , M 1QOll • • _. __
. ---------------- Paper cup or wad ••
(391e&d .
------------
, iUon.
".'i metaL . . . • I antimony 3IHe&d.

D ummy, MI906 ••• • B............. None ••• .. ••....•• Cupro-niekel or ..................
............
. . .... .. .. ..
.'' gilding metaJ •

Ga lle r y practice , Br..... _ • •••• DuP on l N" 80 ... . . . . . . ... .. _. _- r e ed .... ... ...... .........•..
M1919. .mokel_ .
~. Gu&rd, M I. _••••••• BrMII __ ••••• DuP o nt N,. 80 ... . . _... ..... .... L" d ••• • ••• • • • _• ............
, mokel_. ,
Guard, MI 906 •••• •• Br_ ..•. _.. BU ILeel," , mokel _ __ Cupro.-nlekeL. _•• • l ant!mony 89 lead. -.. ..-.---..
Hifr' PrflMure
L "", Br.... tinned . IM R 0.26 •••• _•• Gilding metaL •••• Lead ••••••••••••• ............
m cendi.... y, M L •••• Dr....... _•• 8mokeleu ••••••.•. Gliding metaL •• • _ . ................• .... ..... .-.
- -
46. Component weigbts.- The following table gives the weights of all caliber.3O cartridges. The weights
listed are the maximum limits penuitted in manufadure.
Ooo_ot ......b .. (!n rraIm) _0. .......

W.!&h.ol
-
..,m p!ele
(oppro>!· ----,
W. lIIbl ol
W~ilIb1.{
~.~
(opprod·
W=~Of ""'<411101
,.~
-
WelaM of w.~t.r
~ .,
-~
~!!r<>l _.-
WoIIII, of
..,,,,,pooI,lo.
Wdcbtol trao«
~
-I- -,
AP, M2 ____ __________ ____
Ball, MI . ___________ _____ ... "'""'" "
<20 50
,6& ,
174. .5
..
"6260 ,I< -,--------
112. .5
12. 15
•
---- ----
",.
",.
",.
\9
-
------ ---- --_. .,,. ~

8&IJ, MI~AI L ___________
Ball, M2 ____________ _____
Ball, M2--Alt :. ___ _______
<20
'"
396 "'"'"" 50
50 '"
'02
'" '"
------_
._
91. .5
-,
.
--_.
-, -- -.--
------ --
.5. 594
~ Blank, MI909 • • __ _______•
Dummy, M2 . ____________
""
341
"'" "
50
"'"'"" --------
. _-- _. _-
'02
--------
'02
'"
-------- ----- ---
54 . .5
----- .--
--------
97. .5
.. _--
---, -,_ .
5. 594 . _
-_.,-,-,
-
.
DUmmy, MI906 ( MI l _____ -------- -------- --------
•
<
Dummy, MI906 ~ M2 l ___ __
D ummy, MI906 06l ______
363
'" "'"
"'" -- ------
174. 5
'02
62
,., 54. .5
112.
--------
117.
5
.5 ----- ---
-- - . -- --
-------- ---- ---- --------
.,
'0 340
::/.
Gallery ~raetioe, M 111111 __ __
Guard, fL . ____ _________ 3" "'" ,. , ,<2 -- ---- -------- -------- ",. ------
'110
----- - - -
'0'
'51
'40 -------. ------
112.
-------.--
5
--
--.. .. --
5. 482
'" "'" 10. 5 --
~i1'
~'
Guard, MI90tL ____ _______ 354. 5
High_pressu re test MI _____ { 433. 5
1'r&oer, ML __ ___ ________ _ 420. 5 396
.. .. '110
'" 1
"'"
02
'50
174. 5
152. .5
38
'" ---- ---- --------
-------- ",. ------ --
" 'H -----+++ ",. ------ --
112. 5
~ 482
Ign ition oom-

>
IMendiary MI. ____ ______ _
----+-- - .
"'" 50 83
-------- -----.-- ._------ -------- ",. --------

position 17.
~
"'" 50
.
H ~
8
..
TK 9-1990
ORDN~CE DEPAR~
BULLET, BALL, CAL. .30, Ml
BULLET, ARMOR· PIERCING, CAL. .30, Ml
RED ..
•
.
BULLET, TRACER, CAL. .30, M 1
IA 'D 4521
Fl0 l1U 11._ B n lle t.o, .. Uboc .so.
--PAPER CUP
--PAPER DISK
- - FELT WAD
IA'D 4524
J'lO"U18.- BIaDlr. .. rukI.= Decilo La _UOD I howbtC ... ~dL
.. Or. . 1""'"
TJ[
..
9-1990
ORDNANCE D]:PARTIO.NT
•
SLACK-APPRO)(. &
•
RED-APPRO)( . i
c
RA PO 4522
D. C....trldp. ball. wilier .10. Ill .
• 8(1. H2. a Cartrtdae, _ lL eallboe. .110. 112. ....tloDAl
_tell .
.. Or W' .1 ""'"
SMALlrARM8 AloDlUNlTlON
TJ[
..
9-1990
A-
B-
c-
LEAD
0-
,,
F
RA PO 4523
A . Cartrl4p, b!uk, oallber .30, 1111_. D. c..trl<lp, ~.nI .••llber .30, M1.
B. Cartrldp, d1l1lllll7. Qilbu ,SO, H2. E. Cartrl<lp, ..... rd., tall"' • . &0, l i l _ .
C. C.rtrldp, "' ......"". caliber .&0, 1oI1aoG. 11'. c..tr!dP. bl&b,PI'UOUI'1I t..t, caliber .10, loU.
I
.. Q,i.v, . 1""'"
lJNlVElII!T'I' Of {AljfORN IA
......,
Tl!I 9-1990
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
SECI'ION lIT
CARTRIDGE, BAT,I" CALIBER .80, M1

Po. . .... . ph
DeacrlptLon _____ ____ __ __________ ___ ___ ______ _____ ____ _____ __ ___ _____ _ .9
EIterlor baUletLC8-_______ __________ ______ ____________ ______ __ _____ __ ___ :;0
49. Description.--a. General.-This cartridge (fig. 19) is a

limited standard item of issue and ia used in the same weapons a.nd
for the same purposes as the cartridge., ball, caliber .80, M2.
o. VUual identiftcation..-This cartridge cannot be readily distin-
guished from the M2 ball cartridge of la~ manufacture e:lOOpt by
weight and date.
c. Oomponene".-The cartridge consists of a cartridge case, primer,
propelling charge, and bullet. Tqe complete assembly weighs approxi-
mately 420 grains.
(1) The cartridge case, primer, and propelling charge for this
cartridge are described in section IT, chapter 1.
(2) The bullet (fig. 17) consists of two parts, a lead alloy core,
composed of 90 percent lead fI.!ld 10 percent antimony, and a gilding
metal jacket. An alternative bullet having a gilding metal jacket and
a core composed of 97th percent lead and 2th percent antimony may
also be used. The base of either bullet hss a 9" taper, called a boat-
tail. The over-all length of the Ml bullet is 1.32 inches, llJld that of
the M1 alternative bullet, 1.2M inches. The mouth of the cartridge
case is crimped into the knurled cannelure at assembly and a minimum
pull of 45 pounds is required to remove the bullet from the case.
50. Exterior ballistics.--a. Marimum mng6.-ti,500 yards (ap.
proximate) .
0, A verage marimum pruBUre.--48,OOO pounds per square inch.
c. Velooity.-(l) At 78 foot, 2,600 feet per second.
(2) At 53 feet from muzzle, 2,620 feet. per second.
(3) Muzzle, 2,647 foot per second.
tl. Muzik energy.-2,675 foot-pounds.
e. Accuracy.-Average of mean radii of all targets at 500 yards, not
greater than 4,5 inches; at 600 yards, 5.5 inches, when fired from a
Mann accuracy weapon. Dispersions obtained from firin~ under serv-
ioo condition lit all ranges are published in firing tables for the weapolls
in which this ammunition is used.
f. PenetratiM.-Firings of caliber .30, M1, ball ammunition, into
various materials resulted in the penetrations shown in the table
below:
Or. . 1""'"
SMALL-ARMS AMMUNITION .....,
TlII 9-1990
..-
P _1IoII1a _ .
l.aoo JV<\.,
~- ~-
A_ Aid ' l'" A .." ....
..
o,
7. 0 ..,
0
U
.,•
0
U
I. ,
las
..
<0
7. 3
1.0
1>0
7. I
••• It, 2
O. ,
".,
., .0
,•
...,
... I
, 19. 0
".0
"-0
I. .
25. 0
23, 0
227
14. 2
2
0
g. Table of fire.
ADJlJool Mulmu"" ADJIIe 0/ ,all

"- olo.oUoD TrIllO 011111111
-~.
& ..rI, m.
.,
y- M," y~
100
0 -----.------ ----------- - ------------ ------_._-
0. ' O. 12
---- 01
---- ----
200
300
I. .
." .2
I.e
ao
.00
600
"u
3. ,
. 39
.M
. 70
. 39
. 67 •••
aD
600 aD .88 1.03 • I •
700 7. , 1. 07 l. 52 10. 6
600 ,. I 1. 27 216 la7
900 10 , 1. 60 '00 17. 5
1,000 !O, l. 75 U 22. 0
.
SECl'ION IV
CARTRIDGE, BAJJ., CALIBER .30, M2
Por ......pb
Deeeription _ _ _____ __ ___ ______ _______• ___ __ ____ ____ __ ___ _____ < ___ _
~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 51
IIlJ: terlor ball laUea.. ____ ______ _ ______ ___ • _. < _____ _ _ ____ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ __ _
~ ~ .~ 52
51. Description.-a_ Genernl.-This cartridge (figs. 1, 2, and 19 )

is a current standard item of issue and is used in machine guns and
rifles against personnel and light materiel targets.
" Dr, ,I<.

TJ( 9-1990
1S1~1l ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
b. Virual identifict1:tion.---Cartridges of recent manufacture canno'

be readily distinguished from the M1 cartridges by visual inspection,
although this can be done by weight and date. Cartridges manufa.c-
ture<! prior to September 20, 1940, oould be readily distinguished from
the M1 cartridges by their tin-coated, gilding metal bullet jackets.
c. Oomponenu-.- The cartridge consists of a cartridge case, primer.
propelling charge., and bullet. The complete assembly weighs approx-
imately 396 grains.
(1) The cartridge cne, primer, and propelling charge for this
cartridge are described in 89Ction II, chapter 1-
(2) The bullet (fig. 17) consists of two parts, a lead alloy core,
composed of 90 percent lead and 10 percent antimony, and a gilding
metal jacket. An alternative bullet having a gilding metal jacket,
and a core composed of 97* percent lead and 2* percent antimony
may also be used. The base of the bullet retains its cylindrical shape
. to the base line. The over-aU length of the M2 bullet is 1.l2fi inches,
and that of the M2 alternative bullet, 1.100 inches.
52. Exterior b a1JI_tic..-a. lJIazimtim. range.- Approximately
8,600 yards.
b. A verage ~mum pre,m",.--lSO,OOO pounds per square inch.
c. Velocity.-(l) At 78 feet, 2,740 feet per second.
(2) At tI3 feet, 2,766 feet per second.
(3). Muzzle, 2,806 feet per second.
d. Accuracy.-From accuracy rifle aven.ge of mean n.dii of all
targets at 500 yards not greater than 6.6 inches; at 600 yards not
greater than 7.6 inches.
e. Tabk 01 fire .
~-
......
.- Tlmooll'lllht M.,lIDum
~.~
A..... ol !all
- - -
,,,
y~ M. •.s .. ,,", Y.~ M.
."
'00
200
300
'00
....'"
,7
'-'
."
.58
.53
. 70
0
·
·
•
.6
,•,
•,
6
"'"
000
700
800
000
'.000
au
7. 7
'.6
11. 9
H.6
.SO
1. 11
I. 35
1. 62
I. 91
.....,
'-0
L7
""
"
28
Bped o~ .....nlt ~t7 01 2,l'OO root ptr _4-

o..ta_ rr IUO-A-<I.
,. Or. . 1""'"
•
SMALL-ARMS AMMUNlTlON ,.....
TIll 9-1990
&:anON V
CARTRIDGE,TRACER,CALIBER .M,MI
I>e8crlptlon _____ _________ . ______ ___ ______ ___ . _____ __________ __ ____ ___Pans"
___ ..53
pb
EJ:tertor ballleti('B ______________ • ___________ .• __ _________ . ____ ___ ____ ___ ti4
53. Description.-a. General.- This cartridge (fig. 19) is a. stand-

ard item of issue and is used in both machine guns and rifles. It is
intended for use with otber ammunition to show the gunner, by its
trace, the path of the bullets. While tr&.C(!f cartridges were pri-
marily intended for machine-gun use, there are ca.ses wherein they
can be advantageously used in rifles j for example, for signal and
incendiary purposes, target des.ignation, and range estimation.
b. Vitual identification.-The cartridge is readily identified by its
characteristic red bullet point, l'fld indicating the color of the trace.
c. OomponentB.-The cartridge consists of a cartridge case, primer.
f,lropelling charge, and bullet. The complete assembly weighs II.p-
[lroximately 396 grains.
cartridge are described in section II, chapter 1.
(2) The bullet (fig. 17) consists of three parts: a gilding metal
jacket, a lead alloy slug, and a tracer composition. The over-all
length of this bullet is l.4ti inches and point is painted red for a
distance of approximately ti/ 16 inch. It has a square base which
contains an inflammable substance which is ignit.ed by the propelling
charge when the cartridge is fired. The tracer composition burns
with a bright red flame which enables the CQurse of the bullet to be
followed by the gunner. The mouth of the cartridge case is crimped
into the knurled cannelure at assembly and a minimum pull of 4ti
pounds is required to remove the bullet from the case.
54. Exterior ba.1l1stics.---a. M arlJimtlm range.-( 1) Bulkt. -Ap-
proximately 3,450 yards.
(2) Range of trace.-Traoo begins at a. distance not greater than
12ti YlI.rds from weapon and bullets continue tracing to 750 yards
from weapon.
O. Average ~mum pre~.mre.-W,OOO pounds per squl\re inch.
c. V elority.-{ l) At 78 feet, 2,650 feet per second.
(2) At muzzle, 2,716 feet per second.
d. ACCI/l7"acy.-Average of mean radii of ali targets at 600 yards
less than Hi inches.
e. Tro;ectory.-This ammunition is designed so that the bullet's
trajectory will cross the trajectory of ball, M2, and AP, M2, ammu-
nition of the same caliber at approximately 600 yards.
I , " Or, .1<.

TJI{ 9-1990
,'-'" ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
SmnoNVI
CARTRIDGE, BLANK, CALIBER .80, Ml909
Po. ....... pII
DetlCrlptloD __ ____ __ ______ __________ __ ____ __ ____ ___________ _________ _____ I:iCS
55. Description.-a. General.- This cartridge (fig. 20) is a cur·

rent standard item of issue and is used in the U. S. rifles, MI903
and MHH7, for simulated fire during maneuvers, for signaling pur-
poseEI, and for firing salutes. It is also used in machine guns and
automatic rifles equipped with blank firing attachments, in order
to operate these weapons for instructional purposes.
b. Vhual identifkaiicm.-It is readily identified since it has no
hullet, and furthermore, " cannelure is present in the neck of t.b.e
,~.
c. Oompcmenf.&.- The cartridge consists of a cartridge case, primer,

propelling charge, and a paper cup or wad of thin paper (fig. 18).
Prior to January 1926, a. felt wad was used but was discontinued due
to the occurrence of accidents caused by the clogging of gas escape
holes in the hlank firing attachment of machine guns and automatic
rifles. The complete assemhly weighs approximately 207 grains.
(1) The cartridge case differs from the standard caliber .ao cart-
ridge case described in paragraph 8, only in that the neck has a
cannelure and that the mouth is slightly rounded. Second-class
cartridge cases having small dents, scratches, or other minor defects
may be used in the assemhly of this ammunition.
(2) The primer and propelling charge for this cartridge are de-
scribed in paragraphs 9 and 11.
(3) The paper cup or wad is inserted in the nec~ against the can·
nelure and sealed in place with a. few drops of shellac. The mouth
of the case is then rose·crimped to keep the wad in place.
SflCTJON vn
CARTRIDGE, DUMMY, CALIBER .30, MI906
Delterl ptlOIl __ ___ _______ ____ _______ _____ __ ________ ______ ____ ___ ___ __ _Po."'II"
___ _ ...116
pII
56. DeBcription.-a. General.- This cartridge (fig. 20) is a cur-

lent standard item of issue and is used for training personnel in
the operation of loading and unloading rifles, and simulating rifle
fire. Prior to January 115, 1940, this cartridge was assembled only
with the Ml906 hall bullet. Since then, however, it has been per-
missihle also to use either the M2 or the Ml ball hullet.
.. Or. . 1""'"
BMALlrARMS AMMUNITION
o.
Vitual identificntibn.-There are still six longitudinal corruga-
tions on the tinned cartridge case. Before January 15, 1940, the
cartridge case contained an inert primer and 8 holes., 0.125 inch in
diameter, drilled through the case in alternate corrugations. Since
that date the cartridge has been assembled without the inert primer
and the holes are omitted.
c. OQm'JWMn$s.-The cartridge consists of a cartridge case and a
bullet. The complete assembly weighs 339 grains when assembled
with either the M2 or Ml906 ball bullet and 368 grainS when &SSCm-
bled with the Ml ball bullet. Second class components are used in
the cartridge assembly. The cartri~ case (fig. 20) is essentially
the caliber .SO case described in paragraph 8, but it is corrugated
and tinned for identification purposes.
SwnON VIn
CARTRIDGE, DUMMY, CALIBER .30, M2
Pa.. ~pb
Deeeriptlon....___ __________________________________________ ________ _____ __ 57
57. Desc:ription.-a. General.-This cartridge (fig. 20) is used
only in the inspection of weapons and will not be issued to the
•
servlOe.
b. Vimal identi.ficati<m.-This cartridge is easily identified by its
tinned brass cartridge case and the absence of a primer. It dilfers
•
from the dUJ;ll1Ily MI906 in not having corrugations in the case.
c. Oompmwnt8.-The cartridge consists of a cartridge ca.se and
bullet. Second class components may be used in the assembly of this
cartridge. The complete assembly weighs approximately 841 grains.
(1) The cartridge case is described in paragraph 8. It is tinned for
identification purposes.
(2) The bullet consists of a gilding metal jacket encasing a lead.
alloy core. It is a ban M2 bullet, and prior to September 20, 1940, was
tin-coated for further identification.
SwnON IX
CARTRIDGE, GAIJ,ERY PRACTICE, CALIBER .30, M1919
Pa.q.aph
______ __________ ________________________ ____ .__ ______________
~
l
p
t
I
O
D
~
58. Description.- This cartrid~ is now superseded by the car-
trid~ ball, caliber .22, long rifte (see ch. '5) for gallery practice.
Stocks on hand, however, are retained for guard purposes, for uee
" Or, ,I<.

UNIVElII!T'I' Of CAlIfORNIA
TIt
.....,
~1990
ORDNANCE DEPAR~
when the supply of cartridge, guard, caliber .80, MI906. is exhausted.

Cartridges of older manufacture are labeled cartridge, gallery practice,
but new manufacture will be designated caJ.1,ridge, guard, caliber .30,
M1. This cartridge is described under that designation in para-
graph 69.
Samoli X
CARTRDDGE, OUARD, CALIBER .80, Ml
p",. . . ,..,pIo
Dellcrlptloo_ __ _________________ _____________________ ___ ____________ ___ 511
EJ;:terlor ba II IIIt1C11___ __ __ _ _____ _ _____ _____ __ __ ___ __ _ __ __ __ _ __ __ _ __ ____ __ 60
59. Deacription.--a. GeMrnl.-This cartridge (fig. 20) was

formerly the cartridge, gallery practice, caliber .80, MIDID. It is now
standard for guard purpcscs, and is used only in the caliber .30 riSe.
b. Virual identification.-It is easily identified by its short, round
nose, lead bulleL
c. Oompo-nent.t.-The cartridge consists of a cartridge case, primer,
propelling charge, and bullet. The complete assembly weighs approxi-
mately M3 grains.
(1) Th~ cartridge case, primer, and propelling charge for this car-
tridge are described in section II, chapter 1.
(2) The bullet is composed of a lead alloy and has a round nose
and a cylindrical base. I ts over.all length ill approximately .816 inch
and it has two knurled cannelures.. A pull of not less than 4ti pounds
is required to remove the bullet from the case. '
60. Exterior balllatics.--a. Maor:imum. range.-2,ooo yards (ap-
proximate) .
o. ·. Average mlIl(limum prtl86W'1'-.- 16,OOO pounds per 9C(uare inch.
c. Yelocity.-The standard instrumental velocity at G3 feet is 1,100
feet per second. The muzzle velocity is approximately 1,200 feet per
second.
d. MWlZk energy.-376 foot-pounds.
e. Accuracy.-At 100 yards the group diameter will be not greater
than 6 inches.
f. Pewltration.-The bullet will penetrate 7.87 inches through 1-inch
pine boards placed 1 inch apart at a distance of 4:; feet.
SU-'TION XI
CARTRIDGE, GUARD, CALIBER .30, MI906
P", ......"b
De8crlptloo ___ __ ____________________________ _____ _______________ ______ 61
El<terlor baIUBtICl!l.- _______ ___ _______________________ __ ___ ____________ __ _ 62
61. Deacription.--a. OeMral.-This cartridge (fig. 20) is a limited
..
standard item of issue and is used in the caliber .80 rifle for guard
Dr, ,I< .
• UNIVElII!T'I' Of {AlIfORNIA
I
TJI[ 9-1990
SMALL-AItMS AMMUNITION •• -<13
purpoeeEl. Second-clalB bulleta and cartridge cases may be used in

the "nmbly of this cartridge.
b. Vilual Ukntiftcatio-n.-This urtridge is easily recognized by its
l!iJ: short corrugations just below the neck of the cartridge case.
c. OQ7n~".-The cartridge consists of a cartridge case, primer,
propeUing charge, and bullet. The complete assembly weighs ap-
proximately M~ grains.
(1) The cartridge case is essentially the same as the caliber .30
"1l98 described in paragraph s., except that it h IlS six short flutes or
corrugations just be10w the neck (fig. 20).
IICribed in paragraphs 9 and 11.
(3) The bullet consists of "a cupro-nickel jacket encasing a lead
alloy slug. It has a cylindrical base.
62. Exterior b·JUatica.-a. Ma.llimum range.- Approximately
2,000 yards.
b. 4t16rage t7I4:l'imum preB8UNi.-Approximately 15,000 pounds per
tqll8re inch.
c. Mm~u 1Jclocity.-Approxiruately 1,200 teet per second.
d. /Lwile energy.-ApproJ.:imately 479 foot-pounds.
•
SECTION XII
CARTRIDGE, HIGH-PRESSURE TEST, CALIBER .30, Ml
Detcrlption_____________________________________________________________
hrqrapb
63
63: De8c:r:lption.-a. General.-This cartridge (fig. 20) is used

for proof-firing rilles, automatic rifles, and machine guns. It is
loaded with II- powder charge sufficient to give a breech pressure of
II.pproximatcly 68,000 pounds per square inch. Due to this e}[cessive
pressure, and the consequent danger i'nvolved in firing, the guns
under test are fired from II- fixed rest under a hood by means of a
mechanical firing device. This cartridge will be fired only by
, authorized personnel.
b. Vi.mal identificatWn.-This cartridge is identified by its tinned
cartridge cue. Some models have the word ''Test'' stamped on the
head.
c. The cartridge consists of !t cartridge case, primer, propelling
charge, and bullet. The complete assembly weighs appro)[imateiy
433 grains.
(1) The cartridge case is the same ns those used in service car-
tridges and is further identified by being tinned. its construction
is further described in paragraph s..
'7
I Q,i.v, . 1""'"
TJI( 9-1990 •
6884 ORDNANCE Dt.PARTMENT
(2) The primer and propelling charge for this cal'tridge are de_
scribed in paragraphs 9 and U .
(3) The bullet consists of a gilding metal jacket encasing a
hardened lead core, and has a cylindrical base. Its over-all length
is 1.236 inches. The mouth of the case is crimped into the knurled
cannelure after assembly and a pull of not less than 40 pounds is
required to remove the bullet from the case.
SECTION XIII
CARTRIDGE, INCENDIARY, CALIBER .30, M1
Pa ....... I>~
De.cr!ptloll __________ nnn_nn n _ n_ onn _ _ nno _ 0 0 n_on_ no 0 no u___ 64
64. DescrlpUon.-This cartridge is a standard item of issue. The

cartridge 1 Esmbles the cartridge, ball, caliber .30, M2, in outward ap-
pearance, but it may be identified by the light blue paint on the tip
of the bullet. Other information is not available at this time.
•
•
os
Or. I""'"
TM: 9-1990
SMALL-ARMS AMMUNITION II' ea
AM~mNITION, CALIBER .45

P."lra"'"
SEC'nON I. GcneruL ______ ______________________ _____ _____ _ 65-70
ll. Cartridge, ball, caliber .45, M1911 _______ _________ 71- 72
ID. Cartridge, tracer, caliber .45, ML _______ ___ __ ____ 78--74
IV. Cartridge, blank, revolver, caliber AS, ~H ________ 75
V. Cartridge, dummy, caliber AS, Ml9'2L ___________ 76
VI. Cartridge, high-pressure test, caliber 045, :ML_____ 77
SECTION I
GENERAL
Po.rasrapb
T7Pea_____________________________________ _____________________________ 65
Identl1lcatlon _______ __ ___ ______________ __ ___________ ___ ____ ____________ 00
Grades Illld u____ ____________________ __ _________ ___ ____ ___ ______ ____ _ 61
M.lrklllg alld packlng___ ____ _____________ __ ___________ ___ __ _____________ 68
Colllpollen t parts _____________ __ ____ __ __ _____ ___ __________ ___ ___________ 69
CnIIlpollent welJbtll_________ ___ __________________ ___ ____________ ___ _____ 70
65_ TTPes.-Caliber .45 ammunition consists of ball cartridges,

blank cartridges, dummy cartridges, high-pressure test cartridges,
and tracer cartridges.
66. Identiftcation.- a. In common with all other small-arms am-
munition, caliber 045 cartridges are identified by the marking on the
packing boxes and cartons and by the identification card. These
include the type, caliber, model, manufacturer's symbol, and ammu-
nition lot number. For further information see section III,
chapter 1.
o. Physical dift'erences in the cartridges are described in the sec-
tions on the several cartridges.
67. Grades and uses.-For info rmation concerning grades and
uses, see paragrapb 18 and OFSB No. 3-5.
68. Marking and packtng.-a. Marking.-For information con_
cerning markings and color schemes see section IV, chapter 1.
o. P acking.-All caliber 045 ammunition is packed 2Q per carton, 100
cartons per box with the exception of the cartridge, blank, revolver,
Ml, which is packed 24 per carton, 240 cartons per box.
c. Packing data.-The following table of packing data includes
packing for all standard caliber 045 cartridges. Further information
will be found in section V, chaptcr 1.
59
Q,i.v, . 1""'"
....'"
Tl!II 9-1990
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
....
141~1l
-, y, ~"
MI1I21
.,..
~
- BIaD): ...""I ...... MI
Cartridges per cutoll ____

'"
'""
Cutolll per boI ____ ____ _ 20 20 20
H'" 100 100 100
Total rounds per boI ___ _ ',000 ' , 000 ',000 6,160
Weight of boll alld earton_ II. 100 " 000 II. 135
D imeneione of boll _______ I"
16*.11 12' }l:.111~ 18X. I 9*. 11 141~.
Area of boll _____ _____ ___ 1.45 sq. ft. 1.21 BQ. ft.
Volume of bo"' ____ ______ 0.92 cu. ft. 1.49 eu. It.
69. Component parts_'-The following table lists the component

parts of caliber .4.5 cartridges. F or description of the parts see 800-
tion II, chapter 1. Components which dilter from the standard type
are described in the section on the specific cartridge.
....
"""-, non. MI~l1 ~,M l ~"
141l1li1
-
~lI'P" " '" B""'\r:,01 •• ,
-.
C artr id g e Br&llll ______ Br.... ______ Tilln e d
BuUet jaet:et_ Q i lding

metal.
{39Iead _____
G li ding
metal.
39lead _____
b_.
Gilding
metaL
39lead ____
Gildillg
metal.
B ...... _____ B _
39Ie.,;'-- __
Bullet slug __
I antimony _ I ant imony _ I antimony I a ntimony
Primer cup __ Gilding G i ldi n g NODe ____ _Glldlog Gilding
Br metaL
_ ______ metal. metal. metal.
Primeranvil _ Br.... __ ____ None _____ B ...... _____ B_,
Primer d it!k __ Paper ______ Paper ___ ___ None _____ Paper _____ Paper.
Primer ,.1. F . A. 70 ____ F . A. 70 ___ _ None _____ F. A. 70 ___ F. A. 10.
let.
Pr o pell ent Sm oke leu Sm ok el eu None _____ SmokelC8ll Smokel ee!
powder.
Wad ________ None powder. powder. powder. powder.
____ __ NODe ____ _
.. ------_._--- ----------- Paper.
, . .
70. Component weight8.- The followmg table gives the weights
of the components of ail caliber .46 cartrid~. The weights listed
below are the maximum limits permitted in the manufacture of the
cartridges.
j, ,1• ,i h I,, !i II "

OoJlbor .401 !f-, - - - 'I -- i~
•• I 1 f
~.
•
"l .'
I • •
~o
Ball, MI91!. ___ ___ _ 327 ,,.

,,. " 100 197 -------._----- t. • 524 87
Ball, MI91!.. ______
Tracer, M L ________ 300
'" 19' "" 197 --------------
t. •
•
Igniter COm_
poIIition 20.
87 4. 422
624 87
7. ".
•
Blank, revolver, ML
H ~-pre88ul1! WIlt,
123
327
----
(') ----- -------------- t.
37 197
4. 624.
1. '" -------------- 624 87
D ummy, MI92L .. _ 318
Dummy, Ml92L __ _ 318
,oil .7.
'" 197 -------------- <11 ---- .. ,
,,. 37
197 -------------- ------- ----
87 87
60
Dr, ,I<.
UNIVElII!T'I Of {AljfORNIA
,
TIt 9-1990
8KALL-ARMS AMMUNlTION 71-78
8ren:ON n
CARTRIDGE, BAIJ., CALIBER .46, M1911
Par.~ .. pb
Del!cr!ptlOD+________ ________ ______ ___ __ _______ __ _. _______ __ ____ _____ 71
E:l:te rlor baUlStlCL __ ____ _____ _______ . ________________ __ __ _____ _______ 12
71. Description.---a. General.-This cartridge (fig. 21) is a cur-

rent 8tan~ard item of issue and is used in the automatic pistol, .M1911
and MI911Al, the Colt revolver M1917, the Smith and Wesson re-
volver MID!7, and the Thompson submachine gun Ml928 and
Ml928Al, against personnel. To adapt it for use in the revoivefS, it
must be assembled in clips designed for this purpose. These clips are
described in paragraph 12.
b. Oomp01lentl.-(l) The Cll.rtridge consists of the ca.rtridge case,
primer, propelling charge., and the bullel The complete a.ssembly
weighs approximately 827 grains.
(2) The case, primer, and propelling charge for this cartridge are
described in section II, chapter 1.
(S) The bullet has a round nose and a 8at base. It consists of two
parts, a gilding metal jacket and slug of lead hardened with antimony.
In early designs bullet jackets were made of cupro.nickel lUld these
have a silvery appearance. This was later changed to gilding metal
which was given thin tin wash which has a close resemblance to the -
cupro-nickel jacket. The practice of tinning the ja.ckets has since
been discontinued and the bullets of current design have the nll.tura\
copper color of gilding met-al. The over-all length of the bullet is
0.68 inch. The mouth of the case may be crimped to the bullet and a
pull of approJ.:imately 40 pounds is required to remove the bullet from ..
the case.
72. Exterior ballisticB.--a. Ma;cimum range.-(I) In pistol,
1,600 yards:.
(2) In submachine gun, 1,700 yards.
b. Pre, avre.-14,OOO pounds- per square inch .
c. Y elocitY.-( I ) P.utol.-(a) 26.6 feet, 820 feet per second.
(b) ) duzzle, 826 feet per second.
(2) Su}:nrw.chiue gun.-( a) At 26.5 feet, 885 feet per second.
( b) At muule, 990 feet per second.
d . MlJ,Zsk energy.-(l) 329 foot-pound s in pistol.
(2) 383 foot-pounds in submaehine gun.
61
Q,i.v, . 1""'"
-
...."
TIlt 9-1990
ORDNANCE DEPARTM!.NT
e. Accuracy with muzak ted.

M IIQ" w;lMG!.w... !or " .e, allGl~I"
y-
-. M .... ..... U
,~
.86
• "'" .,.
I . ..
"
•
J. PendrotWn.-In white pino.
- -- ,
y-
"
100
"•••
8'
""
The penetration in moist loam at 25 yarde is about 10 incbes. The
penetration in dry B&Dd at 25 yards is about 8 inchee.
g. Table oj fire.
De IlH U.n4uo
'- T lmoor mp l ~,
-.,.. -.,,,
'" drltt '
Y. ~
10
20
SO
-
0. 037
. 75
· 1t3
I. 1 .
.
•••
"
60
80
100
....
· 151
· '"
. 388
•••
18
••
..
au
.8
,
"
."" IIAoood oa. nIodl71tf 100 '-', _ _ IKI. ~ rOM Ifo... mu,,\e
SwnON ill
De8Crlptlon +~
CARTRIDGE, TRACER, CALmER .45, Ml
___________h _~ _________________________ __ ____ > _ h . _ o _ _ • 7S
lil:J:te n or balll!Jt1C11. ________ ____ _____________ ______• •• _______ ". ____ _ __ _ 14
.........
73. Deserlption.--a. General.-This cartridge (fig. 21) is a cur-
rent standard item of issue ior use in the Thompson submachine gun,
Ml 928Al, for observation of fire, and incendiary purposes. It may,
however, also be used for signal purposes in the automatic pistol.
b. Vi.rual identijicati-OJ'I..-The cartridge is readily identified by its
red-tipped bullet, and the fact that the ca.rtridge eft ..., b&S no canne1ure.
52
Dr, ,I<.
9-1990
TJi[
,.
Rm .APPROX.
• • PO 4fU
ItA
.to cartrtdp, balJ., callber .4G, 1011&11. D. Ca .trl~p, hllb.p..-l1.., u..t. caliber
I. Car1rl~p, Ill ...., ren>1.u, .... m"' • . 4~. MI . .4G, :Ill.
e. CuCrld&e, dlUIUII~. .... 1100 .U, X1&21. E. Cat"tl"ldp, In ...... , eal.lbu .tli. Xl.
I".o" u 21._C..t dd- . callber .46.
c. Oomp01"l61lh.-The cartridge consists of the cartridge case,

primer, propelling cho.rge, and bullet. The complete assembly weighs
approximately 803 grains.
e&rtridge are described in aootion II, cbapter 1.
. sa
Or. . Iroo1.
I UNIVElII!T'I' Of CAl.IfORNIA
TJ(
...."
9-1990
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
(2) The bullet hu a round nose and a flat ba.se. It consists of

three parts--a gilding metal jacket, which is painted red for a distance
of approximately %, inch from the tip, a slug of lead hardened with
antimony in the forward portion of the jacket, and a tracer mixture in
the rear portion. The over-all length of the bullet is .85? inch. The
ca.se may be crimped to the bullet and a pull of approximately 40
pounds is required to extract the bullet from the case.
74. Exterior balliBtiCII.--a. Averagj! ma:r:imum pre,.mre.-18,OOO
pounds per square inch.
b. Velocity.-From submachine gun, 976 feet per second at 25.5 feet
from muzzle.
c. Accuracy.- Fires within a mean radius of 8 inches at 100 yards.
d. Raw;e of trace.-200 yards.
SIXJTION IV
CARTRIDGE, BLANK, REVOLVER, CALIBER .415, Ml
..,..,..,75
Deserll)tlon____________________________________________________________
75. DeBcription.-a. General.- This cartridge (fig. 21 ) is a cur-
rent standard item of issue for use in the Colt, and Smith and W6890n
.45 caliber revolvers, MIDI? It is used for signaling purposes, firing
salutes, training cavll.lry horses, and in maneuvers where ,imulated
fire is desired. It is fired from the revolver without the use of clips.,
as the cartr idge case has a rim for extracting purposes.
b. Vi.mal identificatwn.-This cartridge is identified by the absence
of a bullet.
o. OompOfie1ltl.-The cartridge consists of the cartridge case,
primer, propelling charge, and a paper wad. The complete anrnbly
weighs approximately 123 grains.
(1) The cartridge case difters from the standard caliber .45 cart-
ridge case in that it is heavier and has a rim for extracting purposes.
scribed in paragraphs 9 and 11 . .
(8) The paper wad, inserted over the powder charge, is sealed in
with a. coat of varnish, and' the mouth of the ca.se is roll crimped to a
diameter of %, inch.
SECTION V
CARTRIDGE, DUMMY, CALIBER .41S, Ml921

Pa.....pb
De\lerlptlon____________________________________________________________ 76
76. DeBcription.--a. Gener.al.-This cartridge (fig. 21) is a cur-
..
rent standard item of issue and ,is used for training personnel in the
.. Or, ,I< .
TIlt 9-1990
SHALL-ARMS AMMUNITION 7e-rr
operation of loeding and unloading revolvers and to simulate firing.
It is also used as a range dummy cartridge in the automa.tic pistol.
In this latter ca.ae it is miJ:oo with live ammunition in pistol magazines,
the purp086 being to detect and correct flinching and faulty trigger
squeeze.
b. Vi.!ut1l ilknti,lic«ti.m .-This cartridge is idl'ntified by its tinned
case which either has no primer or has holes' drilled in the side.
c. Obmp.me"t".-The cartridge consists of a cartridge case and a
bullet. The complete assembly weighs approJ:imately 318 ~ains.
(I) The calle of earlier det!!iglL contained three %-incb holes drilled
in the body of the calle equally distant froOl each other, and an inert
primer. In later design, the holes and the inert primer are omitted.
Both cases are tinned. for further identification.
(2) The bullet is the saOle as that in the cartridge, ballI, M191l,
SECnON VI
CARTRIDGE, ffiGH-PRESSURE TEST, CALIBER .45, Ml

Pa,..,npb
De Cilptlon __ ~ nuu ~ uu __ u _ _ • __ u _. u _. u __ _ _ u _ u u _____ n ______n_ 77
77. Description.-a. Oeneral.-This cartridge ( fig. 21) is used

for proof-firing caliber .45 weapons at the place of their manufacture.
It contains a powder charge thut will develop a breech pressure of
approximately 20,000 pounds per square inch, this pressure being
4,000 pounds in excess of that required in caliber .45 service ammuni-
tion. Due to the danger involved in firing this cartridge, it should
only be fired from a fixed rest under a hood , by means of a mechanical
firing device, and only by authorized personnel.
b. Vitual identification.-It is readily identified by its tinned cart-
ridge case.
c. OomPOIUnU.-The cartridge consists of the cartridge ('ase, primer,
propelling charge, and bullet. The complete assembly weighs ap-
) proximately 327 grains. .
(1) The case, primer, and powder charge for this cartridge are
described in section II, ('hapter 1.
(2) The bullet is the same as that in the cartridge, ball, M19l1 t
GO
Q,i.v, . 1""'"
I UNIVElII!T'I' Of {AlIfORNIA
:, 9-1990
I
TJ![
,...., , ORDNANCZ DII:PART!ol£NT
ea...n..
AMMUNITION, CALmER .~
Po; ...... pb.
SwnON 1. GeneraL __ n __ _ __ __ ___ n n n __ n _ _ _____ _ __ __
n
_ 78 B3
II. Cartridge, armor-piercing, caliber ,1lO, M2 __ n n n 8.. e:;
nl. Cartridge, ball, caliber .60, H2 _____ __ _____ _______ 86-87
IV. Cartridge, tracer, caliber .60, ML ___ n_ n ___ u n 88 89
V. Cartridge, blank, caliber .60, ML _______________ 90
VI. Cartridge, dummy, caliber .ro, M2__ ____ ___ ______ 91
vII. Cartridge, dwnmy, caliber .lIO, Mln_nnnnnn 92
VIII. Cartridge, high-pressure test, caliber .00, ML ____ 93
IX.. Cartridge, incendiary, calibet .60, MI.____________ 94
s.:-nON I
GENERAL
l'a...... p.
'l:)p;a __ -; ____ ' u _ _ n n n u __ n _ . 'u._ _ . u'nnnn.nn.nn 78
IdeDUllea tlOll ____________ __ ___ _ ___________ _____ _________ _______ __ _____ I'll
Grades aDd 11 ::: ____ . h , _ __ _ • _ _ _ . n . _ ' n n n _ . h u n _ n _ n _ . _ n . n _ n _ _ 80
Packl" .. aDd martlnt: _______________ ______________________
~ ~________ _ ___ 81
COlllpooeot parta_________________________________________ ______________ 82
OomPODeot ..e\FII'- ____________ . ________ _______________________________ 83
78. Typea.- T he ammunition described in this chapter is de.

signed for use in all caliber .60 machine guns. It includea cartridges
of the following t.yps: armor-piercing, b&ll, tracer, incendiarY, blank,
dummy, and high-presaure test.
79. Identifleation.---a. In common with an other small-arms am-
munition, caliber .60 cartridges are identified by the marking on
the packing bol:es and cartons and the identification card. These
include the type, caliber, model, manufacturer's symbol, and ammuni_
,tion lot number. For further infonnation ge6 section chapter L m,
b. Physical differences in the cartridges are deaeribed in the sections
on the several cartridges.
BO. Grades and uaee.-For information concerning grades and
uses see paragraph 13 and OFSB No. H.
81. PaeJdng and marking.-a. MarHng.-The markings on
bons and cartons are deeeri.bed in section IV, chapter 1.
b. Packing.-The following table of packing data includes paclring
for all standard caliber .00 cartridges. Further infomution will be
found in section V, chapter 1.
66
Or. . 1""'"
•
SMALL-ARM S AMMUNITION .,
TJrI 9-1990
....
!l I
0
0
~,
-:!~A
"j '
." it
0
i 0
"
"
!J• .. c!
Poet-tn, ..... ' Id_
coIibor .ao
,! ,
l !' I' "' "I ,!
0 -
o, !
" ~ii ,.". !
0" •0 0"
!!~
•
l f !
0
-
0
0
0 0 0
•
M2. __. ___ . ____ • _. _. ___ • __ .
------ .--200
--- -----
AP M2 '. ___ ____ . __ ___ .. _____ _
B~' M2 , _____. ___. _________ • __
'"
AP 1012 __ ___ _____ __ _____•• _. __ .. . - -- -------- - " "" -'"
- - -- '00
. _----
83
------ ---- 83 --
B... M I . ____ ____ ___ _____. _._
Blank
'" "
---- '" 3M
-- - - - - - - -- ----.. '00 200
------ ------ -- -- --
Dumm y MI or M2 ________ _____
8igh- proi!8u<e te8t ML ___ __ ____ '"'" "" "" ""
350 --- --- ------ ------
--- -- - ------
'''' -_.- ----- --
300
3<l
Tr&oer ML __ ___ ___ _____ _______
,ao,
AP M2 (SO) a nd tra.cer M' (20) _••
'"
'". ----------
--- " m 350
--- --- '00
---- -- -- 200 - . - --
83
B.n M2
AP M2 ,<0,
an
and tracer M, (20) __
d ball M2 ,<0,
Md
( 20) _ ___ . + _ _ • _ _ . _ . _
-------------- --.. -- "" 200 83
b"aoerM IMI ___ ________ ______ - - - ---. - ------ ------ '00 200
Ineendia ry
'" " "
36. ------------ ------ ------
82_ Compon ent p arts_- T he following table lists component

parts of caliber .50 cartridges. For description of the parts see section
II, chapter 1. Components which differ from the standard ty pe are
described in the section on the speeific cartr idge.
I
"""- - P"'ptu ... t

powder
l.ok<t
Bulk
"~ I ~
AP M2 __ __ __ Brus ____ I M R 4814 G ildin g

,....
An t imo n y Hard .tee!
,....
met.L
Ball M2 ___ ___ BI'MlI __ __ I MR 4814 G i ld i n g A nti m ony Soft steel..
mets \.
Traoor ML __
TTaoor M2 ___ }B_._.. IMR 4814 G metal.
i l ding Poin t lead.,
rear t raeer
None.
compo ~ l-
tion.
Blank Mi. ___ Br..,.. _ __ _ I MR 4814 None __ ___ _. None ___ . ___ None.
Dumm y MI. _ T i nned None. Gildin g .Ant i mon y Soft . teel.
br_. metal. ,..d.
Dun, my M2 __ T inn e d None. T in co a t e d A ntimon y Soft .teel.
br _ . g il d i ng lead.
metal.
High-pTellllu re T lnu e d IM R 48 14 Gild i n g Forwardalug None.
talt MI . br&lll'l. metal. ."timony
lead. ; rea r
a ntimo l' Y
• lead .
I ne s n diar y Br..... _. _. IM R 48 14 G ildin g . . - - -_. - --
ML metal.
I
67
I Oti-v' . 1""'"
~
3 1'~
l§
83. Component weights.- The following table gives I,he weights of the caliber .50 cartridges. The
weights listed are the maximum limits permitted in the manufacture of these cartridges.
,r C I>IDP<>DO~ ' ".IcbU (In IralDI) W~~\ 01 Iw":,".' Iw: Iw=:

01 01 of
AP M2_ .. ____ ___ _ ______ __ _••• __ ___ 1,837 HI. 06

'"
'50 I I I ... ,
&: AP M2 (alt.ernatel . ________ __ • _ _• 1, 829
"" no
410
'"
253
c
•
<
Ball M2_____ _
Blank M L ._ _
_____
______ _0_..
___ ._ 1. 830
889
---_.-- .. .-
711 . ,'; ."
~
.,
'0
::/.
Dummy MI. .
Dummy M2__
High-pte86ure te.t M I
____ ....••.•••
• __•• • •• ___ •••• __ ••• _______ _
1, 620
1,569
2, llO ""
"" 1006
--_... -
,..
'40 '.002
\ ..,
'"'" }
'" I
'63
82
i
~i1' Tracer MI._ __ ___ _
Incendiary MI. . ____ _____ __• . ________ _._. .
1.189
. ___ . .
"" 1006
•• 06 ". ' 252
' 207
'"
-----_ .. -------- --_ . . . _- - - - - - - - . 1. _____ ._
~'
>
, rrooullll ·
""
• a- . IUf.
I T..-""mpoollloo .
TM: 9-1990
SMALL-ARMS .u.o.romTION 8' a-
Sr.cnON II
CARTRIDGE, ARMOR-PIERCING, CALIBER .50, M2
PI....... ph
/)o>lICTlptlOD ______________________________________ ______ _________________ IH
blerlor balllltkoe ___________ ____ _____ ___ __ ____ ____________ ___ _____ ~- --- sri
84. Description._. General.- This cartridge (fig. 22) is a cur-

rent standard item of issue for all caliber .50 machine gum. It is
designed for WI6 against armored aircraft, annored vehicles, concrete
shelters, and similar bullet-Misting tar~ts.
b. VVual identifocaticn.-This cartridge may be identified by the
blackened tip of the bullet.
c. Oom.ponenu.-( l) The cartridge consists of a cartridge case,
primer, propelling charge, and bullet. The complete assembly weighs
1,800 grains.
(2) The cartridge case, primer, and propelling charge are described
in I18Ction n , chapter 1.
(8 ) 1be bullet (fig. 21) consists of three part&-a gilding metal
jacket, a hardened steel core"and a pointfiHer of an antimony-lead
&l1oy. The over-aU length of the bullet is 2.29 inches.:and the point
is blackened for approximately "18 inch. The base 11.&8 a 90 taper be-
ginning .386 inch from the base. The mouth of thecase is crimped
.into ca.nneluf6 at assembly and a minimum pull of 100 pounds is
required to extract the bullet from the case.
85. Exterior balliatics.- a. /V azimum range.- Approximately
7,200 yards. '.
b. MatrimtJml, pr«8U1"e.-62,OOO pounds per 9quilre inch.
c. V elocity.-(l) At 78 feet, 2,900 feet per second.
(2) Muzzle, 2,936 foot per second.. .._ . . _ _ .. ... .
d.. Acorwacy.-At the time of aCceptance, this ammunition will
group within a mean radius not greater than 8.0 inches at 500 yards
or 9.0 inches at 600 yards.
e. Table Of fi~.
,
- .-
y-
A",le ol
.1e..,1oD
M.
TIm. 01
•
:;0,,,
mlJ~1
M_"", ordl-
.~
Y• •
A,..1e 01 f!t,II
200
0
<00
0
.,
'-'
...
0
...
.n
0
·,
• ..
.,
0
'-'
•••
..,., ...
•
800 . 72 ·7
800
' , 000 .,
10, 7
LOO
I . 32
1. 69
'-'
3. •
7. •
10. 5
"' , 200 13. 7 2. 10 2>,
<00
' , 800
I , 800·
17. 3 2. 56
•• ,.. 30.,
21. 5 3. 07
."
12. 7
'"'
..
2, 000 26. 3 17. 5
I Dr, ,I<.
..
TJI 9-1990
OBDNANCJ: DICPABnaNT
2.31
BULLET. MU, ~L .50, M2
BULLET, ARMOR·P1ERCING. CAL .SO. M2
BULLET. TRACER . CAL •• SO. Ml

•
lA PD 4516
I"lU11U 22.- 11\,Uet .. c_Uboor . 1)0.
70
Or. I""'"
,
I
TM 9-1990
SMALL-ARM S AMM UNI TION
'"
• • c
.~~
\ ' .)
. \,
.A. PD 2117
7I
~~.Ifno "
I UNIVERSITY Of CALIfORNIA
..
TM 9-1990
ORVNAN'CE DEPART~IE~"T
T IN COATED
U PO 4SJO
72
_ .11n- ..
l " UNIVERS ITY Of CALIfORNIA
I TJII( 9-1990
SMALL-ARMS AMMUNITION &-" 88
SrcnON III
CARTRIDGE, BAIJ., CAJ.TBER .50, M2
Pco.,q.. pb
De8erJptlon __ ___ ______ __•. ___ _ _• ____ _______ ______ _ __ __ 86
ExterlQr baUl.&tleII ____ . _• .. _____________ __ ____ ______ , __ . . __ _ 87
86. Descrlption.-a. Oeneral.~Thiscartridge (fig. 23) is a stand-

ard cartridge for caliber .50 machine guns.
b. Visual identificu.iion.-This cartridge does not have any identifi·
elltion markings and the tip of the bullet ill not painwd.
c. Oomponent.!.- (l) The cartridge ool1!lists of cartridge C1I3B,
primer, propelling charge, and bullet.. The complete ttssembly weighs
1.800 grains.
(2) The cartridge case, primer, and provelling charge are described
in section II, chapter 1.
(3) The bullet (fig. 22) consists of three parts: a gilding Illetal
jacket, a soft steel core, and a point filler of antimony-lead alloy. The
over-all length of the bullet is 2.29 inches. The base has a 9° taper
beginning at a point .386 inch from the bllse. The mouth of the case
is crimped into the cannelure at assembly lind a minimum pull of 100
pounds is required to extract the bullet from the case.
87. Exterior ballisticB.-a. Marimum range.- Approximate1y
7,200 yards..
b. 1f{fWimum preuure.-~2,OOO pounds per square inch.
c. Velocity.-(l) At 78 feet, 2,900 feet per second.
(2) Muzzle, 2,93~ feet per sec<lnd.
d. Accuracy.-At the time of acceptance, this II.mmunition will group
within a mean radii not greater than 8.0 inches at 000 yuds, or 9.0
inches at 600 yards, when fired from an accuracy rifle held in a V-block.
e. Trajectory.-The trajectory of this ammunition is the B8.me Il8 the
trajectory of the cartridge, armor-piercing, caliber .~O, M2.
Sn;UoN IV
CARTRIDGE, TRACER, CALIBER .50, Ml

P. ..... pb
DelJcrlpUon ______________ __ ______________ ___ ______ ___________ _____ _____ 88
E:zterlor ball1qt!CIL_ ____________ _________ ______ _______ ______ ____ ________ 89
88. Description.-a. General.-This cart ridge (fig. 28 ) is stand-

a.rd for observation of fire in all caliber .IM) machine guns. It may
also serve as an incendiary against balloons and other readily inflam·
mabie targets. Care must be exercised in the use of this cartridge to
guard against its igniting dry vegetation 00 the range.
Oti-v, . 1""'"
TJI[ ~1990
88 90 ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
b. VinMl identi]ication.-This cartridge may' be identified by the

point of the bullet, which is painted red to indicate the color of the
"'"".
c. OompotUnt~.-(I) The cartridge consists of cartridge ca.ae,
primer, propelling charge, and bullet. The complete 8S""mbly weighs
1,760 grains.
(2) The cartridge~, primer, and propelling charge an, described
ill section II, chapter I.
(3) The bullet (fig. 22). consists of three parts-a gilding metal
jacket, a hardened lead slug which fills the forward end of the jacket,
and tracer and igniter compositions which fill the balance. Unlike the
bullets for armor-piercing and ball cartridges, this bullet is cylindri_
cal to the base which is open to pennit the propelling charge to ignite
the tracer composition. The over-all length of the bullet is 2.4 inches_
The mouth of the case is crimped into the cannelure at assembly and
a minimum pull of 100 pounds is required to extract the bullet from
the case.
89. Exterior ball1atics.-a. Ma2Jimum range.-(I) Bullet.-3,600
yards.
(2) Trace.-The trace begins at a distance not greater than 2W
feet from the weapon; the range of the trace is about 1,600 yards.
b. M arimum p1UBUre.-52,OOO pounds per square inch.
o. Velocity.-(l) At 78 feet, 2,830 feet per secOnd.
(2) . Muzzle, 2,865- feet per second. .
d. A cauracy.-At the time of acceptance, this IImmunition will group
withiri a mean radii not greater than 20 inches at 600 yards.
e. Tra~ceory.- The trajectory of this ammunition approximate!;
that of the caliber .50 ball and armor-piercing M2 ammunition at
ranges near 1,000 yards.
SECTION V
CARTRWGE, BLANK, CALIBER .ISO, Ml

Del!crlptlOD_______________________________________________________Pa____ 90
........ pb.
90. Description.-a. GeneraL-The cartridge, blank, caliber .50,

Ml (fig. 24) i8 standard item of issue designed f or use in caliber .50
machine gun with a blank firing attachment in order to operate the
weapon for training purposes.
, b. Virual identification.-This cartridge is identified by the absence
of the bullet.
c. Oomponent-,.-(1) This cartridge consists of case, wad, primer,
and propelling charge.
74
Q,i.v, .1 ""'"
L UNIVElII!T'I' Of {AlIfORNIA
8HALL-AltM8 AMMUNITION
Tl(
......
9-1990
-
(2) The case has 110 slight annular groove about 14. inch from the
mouth, which serves 1108 the seat for the wad.
(3) The wad is a disk punched. out of strawboard shoot, %, inch
thick, aDd is lacquered on both sides before the blanking operation.
(4) The powder charge consist.<> of 43 grains of E. C. blank powder
or equivalent.
(5) The primer is deecribed in paragraph 9. After loading, ..
beavy Coat of lacquer is applied to the wad and the mouth is crimped.
S.:mON VI •
CARTRIDGE, DUMMY, CALIBER .110, M2

DellCrlptIOll __ __
~~ ~_~ ___ ______ ___ ___ ____"-_______________________ ____ 91
~ ~
h_"
91. Deacript10D.-a. General.- This cartridge (fig. 24) is stand-
ard for use in .11 caliber .50 mnchine guns for training purposes.
It may also be used for testing the mechanism of the gun.
b. Virual identifioation.-This cartridge is distinguished from live.
&mmunition by the cartridge case, which is tin-coated, has three holes
drilled in the side, and an empty p~mer pocket. It is distinguished.
from the cartridge, dummy, caliber .60, Ml, by the bullet which is tin
"",W.
c. Oompo-nen.t8.-( I) This cartridge consists of cartridge case and
bull,.
(2) The cartridge case is identical with service cases except, as noted
above, it is tin-coated and has three holes drilled about the midpoint.
(8) The bullet consists of three parts, a tin·coated gilding-metal
jacket, a soft steel core, and a point filler of hardened lead. The
mouth of the case is crimped into the cannelure at &8S6mbly and a
minimum pull of 100 pounds is required to extract the bullet from the
Mee
SI'£TlON VII
CARTRIDGE, DUMMY, CALIBER .50, Ml
hr .....ph
DMeriptIOD______ ________ ________ _____ ____________ ______ ___ _______ __ 9'.!
92. Descriptlon.--a. General.- This cartridge is limited stand-
ard for the·same purpose~ and weapons as the dummy M2.
b. Vi.mal identificotion.-This cartridge may bEo. distinguished from
the M2 by the bullet , which is not coated, and the fact that it has a
single hole nrilll'd in the case 2 inches from the base.
c. Oomp<mMl.tB.-Except as noted above. th i!'. cartridge is identical
1I'ith the cartridge, dummy, caliber .00, M2, for which see paragraph 9L
7'
Or, ,I<.
TIl![ 9-1990
93 9' ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
SECTlON VIII
CABTRIDGE, HIGH-PRESSURE TEST, CAl.lBER .ISO, Ml

I>eecrlptlon ___________ ParaJ..93
pb
_
_
~
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
93. Descrlption.---a. General.-The cartridge, high-pressure test,
caliber .ISO, Ml (fig. 22), is used for proof-firing caliber .ISO machine
guM at the place of manufacture. The cartridge is loaded with a
powder charge sufficient to develop a. breech pre~ure averaging
62,000 pounds per square inch for any ten cOnsecutive shots. Due
to this exoossive pressure and the dunger involved in firing, the guns
under test are fired from a fixed rest under a hood by means of a
mechanical firing device. This cartridge should be fired only by
authorized personnel.
b. ViBtull uuntifWatiQn_-This cartridge is distinguished from
other caliber .50 cartridges by the tinned cartridge case. Dummy
cartridges, which also have tinned cases, have holes drilled through
the case.
c. Oomponent.o!.-( l ) TIle ~artridge consists of a cartridge ca..'!e,
primer, propelling charge, Ilnd bullet. The entire assembly weiglls
1,980 grains.
(2) The elL.'16 is made of tinned cartridge braR!!; in other reRpects
it is the sallie as the cases tlf nther cartridges of this caliber.
(3) The primer is described in paragraph 9.
(4) The bullet collsisU> of II jZilding mHal incket. and a core made
up of 2 slui,'li, a front slug and a rea r slug. The mouth of the case
if! crimped into the cannelu re at assembly Ilnd a minimum pull of
100 pounds is required to extfllct the bullet from the case.
SfX!TlON IX
CARTRIDGE, INCENDIARY, CALIBER .50, M:l
Par.....plI
General______ __ _____ _______ ____________________________________________ 94
94. General.- This cartridge is a standard item of issue for use
in caliber .50 machine guns. The cartridge resembles the cartridge,
ball, caliber .50, M2, in outward appearance, but it may be identified
by the light blue paint on the tip of tbe bullet. Other infonnation
about this ammunition is not available at this time.
76
Or. . 1""'"
i TllI[ 9-1990
AMMUNITION, MISCELLANEOUS
Pa~ • • J>h.
SllC'l10N L General _____________________________ _____ __ __ 96
n . C8.I1ridge, bail, cllliiler.22, loop: rifle____ __ ____ __ 96-91
TIL Field artillery tra iner ammunition_ ____ __ __ ____ 98-100
IV. Cartridge, cltrbinE', caliber .30, M L __ ___ ________ tOl~l02
, V. Cartridge, rifle ~renade, ealibf.r .30. MS __ __ _____ 103-104
VI. Cartridge, subcaliber, caliber .30 ____ ______ __ __ _ 105-106
VII .Clirtridgt', blank, lO-gage, for aT-rum P:UI\S,
MI916, MS, and MS __ ____ __ ___ _______ _______ 107 '
VIII. Shell, shotgun, 12,bFllgt.' ______ ___ __ ___________ _ 108--109
SECTION I
, GENERAL
~-- ------------------- -- - -- -- - - - - - -- ------- -------------------- - -- - ~
95. Scope.-In this chapter the following cartridges are de-
II:ribed: caliber .22 ammuntion ; shotgun ammunition j a/ld several
caliber .30 cartridges which are not incl uded in chapter 2 becallf*l
they do not have the standard caliber .30 cartridge case. Ammuni-
lion lot numbers are ordinarily assigned bY' the manufacturer and
should be used for reporting any defect or malfunctioning. Special
ballistic &Ild surveillance tests are directed by the Chief of Ordnance
should there be lmy indications of unfitness for use.
S ECTlON II
CARTRIDGE, BATJ" CALIBER ,22, WNG RIFLE

De8er!pt!OD __ ______ _____________ _____ ____ ___________ __ _••• • ____• __ •
~
j •• n., . .00pIt
EIterlor ba lilltle&.. ••• •• • _._. _. _•• _________ ___ __ ______ • ___ _•• ___ ••• _ . 97
96, Description.--a. General,- This cartridge (fig. 26) has
wperseded the caliber .30 b"ll.llery practice cartridge, M1919, and is
used in the caliber .22 U. S. r itles, MI922, .M1922M 1, and M2, and in
caliber .22 machine gUllS, mllchine-gun trtliners, and pistols for gallery
practice and training purposes,
b, OomPD'Mnt P(U'f8_-These CIlrtridge.; are pUl'C hased by the Ord-
nance Department from several commercial 'manufacturers. They are
,11 of the same general appearance, but differ slightly in the shape of
77
Or, ,I<.
TJ[ 9-1990
86m ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
bullet, powder used, and ballistic qualities. The cartridge complete

weighs approximately 63 grains and consists of cartridge case, prim-
ing oomposition, propelling charge, and bullet. The cartridge CasE
is made of brass or gilding metal and is of the rim-fire type;·that is,
the priming composition is spun into a circular rae_em inside the rim
instead .of being seated. in the center of the case head as a separate
component. A blow from the firing pin at any position on the rim
oompres8zs,the priming composition causing it. to explode and ignite
the powder charge. The priming composition and charge of smoke·
less powder may differ for each manubcturer. Caliber.22 long riSe
ammunition contains a noncorrosive, nonmercuric primer oomposition.
The type of powder used is usually marked 011 the oontainers and the
cbarge weighs approximately 1.7 grainB. The bullet is made of le&d.
Bullets of different manufacture differ slightly in shape, but all weigb
approximately 4{l grains.
o. ldentifkation.--Containers of this ammunition are marked by the
manufacturer with the cHliber, type, and such trade names as "Klean-
bore," "Lubaloy," "Rustless," "Tackhole," "Copperheads," etc. Cali-
her .22 ammunition has the manucturer's lot ~umber stamped on the
wooden packing b.n. This provides a means of identifying and re-
porting any ammunition of this type which may become defective.
d. Packing.-The cartridges are packed 50 in a cardboard bolt and
10 such boxes (500 cartridges) are packed in a paper carton. The
outside wooden packing cases contain 10,000 cartridges, 20 cartons.
The packing CUES are marked with the manufacturer's name, quantity,
and type of ammunition. Boxes of this ammunition procured for
oversea shipment contain an Ilir-tight metal liner. A C&ge of 10,000
cartridges without metal liner weighs 8ti pounds. See SNL T-1.
97. Exterior balliatica.-Caliber .22 long rifle cartridges of dif-
ferent mtl.nufacture vary somewhllt in velocity and pressure. The
follow ing tables and data are approximate:
a. The ~mu.m. range is approximately 1,000 yards with the piece
elevated at an angle in the order of 30°.
o. The average ~ velocity is 1,100 feet per second.
c. P'NJ88'Ure in the chamber Ilverages 16,000 pounds per square inch .
d. Accuracy.-.J\.s determined by firings to date:
..... •
--.
[)I'm II , _. •
y- ••
"'"
100
200
..
LO
.0
•
78
Dr, .1< .
• UNIVElII!T'I' Of CAl.IfORNIA
TJ[
..,-
9-1990
~. PendratWn.- Wben fired into l·inch· pine boards, spaced 1 inch

Ipart at a ran~ of lIS feet, the bullet will Penetrate the first five boards
Ind lh inch into the aizth board.
f. Took of ftre.-Cartridge, ball, caliber .22, long rifle.
.""" -.
.... -"
..... I ~ I ~I M __
,•.
\"e1ocl11
<= • ~7 ~~
O
':.ff'
1, 100
"".."
•
pc. ....
I, .... ....
•
-
-- --- ..
-- n----
.
------ ---
N_
----
•
.,
U 1, 070
<. "" >2, ." ,..
n.140
'" ..
<>7
&..
n2f
. os
n ..
.33 7.•
<00
75
""
"" "
• 214
· 292 14.82 • • 08 .57
11. 7
126
"" 75
." ,. .. • 372 24 , 7a <7. .01 'I"
ISO
'"
200
,.,
'"
... ."
.90
.60
8<0
71
61
,.'"
·
· "I
.680
· 720
50.80
72. 9a
on"
14. 20
HI. 10
2&"
.98
1. 13
1. 25
1. 45
24.9
211.'
84.3
a9.7
'75
300
790
770
750 ""
"
• 812
· 911
."
o.OOli "'. 118.21
147.20
177. 12
31. 87
39. 87
48. 69
I. 65
0.88
44. 7
"'7
SWtlON III
FIELD ARTILLERY TRAINER AIDmNITION

1'a ......pI!
Ball, ,teel, I -loeb dlam(!t(!r, Held artillery t rainer, H2 and H2Al _____ ____ 98
Cartrld&e, blank, eaHber .22, 6eId a rtUler,. trainer, H2 and H2AL __ _____ 90
Ei'tertor ban IlItlCfl _______ ________________ ._________ __ __ ______ __ ______ __ 100
98_ 11411. eteel, I-inch diameter, field artillery trainer, M2

and M2 A l ._This is an ordinary commercial steel ball which haa
been hardened, ground, and polished. It is used as the projectile
in the field artillery trainer M2 and M2Al. A caliber .22 blank cart-
ridge (see par. 99) serves as the propelling charge. The ball weighs
approximately 1,024 grains, and may be reused if kept clean &Ild
polished. It is packed Ii! required. See SNL T-l.
99. Cartridge, blank, caliber .22, field artillery trainer, M2
and ]ll[2Al.-This cartridge (fig. 26) is a rim fire cartridge of com-
mercia.l manufacture. It is the standard item to be used as the pro-
pelling charge for the I-inch steel ball proja:tile in the field artillery
trainer M2 and M2Al (par. 98). The powder is held in place by a
paper wad which is retained by crimping the mouth of the case.
Cartridge, blank, caliber .22, field artillery trainer, M2 and M2Al,
is packed 10,000 per box without metal liner (commercial). Packing
box data are as follows:
79
I Q,i.v, . 1""'"
UNIVElII!T'I Of {AljfORNIA
........
TM 9-1990
ORDNANCE DEPART MENT
- -
iIq.,.," ..., Wt'llht
DJn .. orIono(J"""""> - CuhItJ ... (powtod.>
18 by 9~ by 4~ ___ __ _~ _________ ______ _ - -- - ---
O. 45
I
"
••
"
100. Exterior balUstics.- Ses FT l-A-1 (or TM 6-22.5)· for
complete range and elevation t"ble of field artillery trainer, M2,
firing I -inch steel ball, approximate W"eip;ht 1,024 grains. The range
of the projectile is changed or adjusted by micrometer adjustment of
the interior length of the barrel, and by spacers inserted in the barrel,
thereby changing the length of travel of the ball within the barrel.
A.djustments in, length of barrel may be made to calibrate the indi,:id-
uaI traine rs with any battery, also to obtain for any given range set-
ting with the trainer, 1/ 100 of the range of the weapon being simu-
lated. The range scale on the trainer is graduated 1/ 100 of the
range of the 71S-mm gun, M1897, firing Mk. I , HE, shell (M46 or
M47 fuze), for which the maximum range is 9,000 yards. The esti-
mated velocity is 100 feet per seeond.
SrorrON IV
CARTRIDGE,CARBINE,CALIBER.OO, Ml
Dee<-rIIlUoo _ _________ ___ ______ ______________ __ __________ _________P1oN,f'''ph
__ __ lot.
Exterior ball191!<'IL______ __ __ _____ __ ____ ________ _____ ________ ______ _____ 102
101. Description.--a. General.- The cartridge, carbine, caliber

.30, !-II ( fig. 2:i). is a current standlLrd item of issue for use in the
carbine, caliber .30, 1ft.
o. Vi!ual identi,tication.-This cartridge can be readily identified
by its characteristic shape.
c. Oompcmene partR.- The cartridge consists of a cartridge case,
primer, propelling charge, and bullet. The complete assembly
weighs 195 gra ins. The cartrid~ elise has a slight taper for its enti re
It.ngth. The bullet consists of two parts, II. lead alloy core, and the
jacket. The bullet weighs 110 grains.
Il. Packin.q and. marking.-It is packed similar to caliber .41') am-
munition, 2,700 rounds in a metal lined box, in 60 clLrtons of 45
rounds each with separators containing II') rounds each.
102. Exterior ballistics.-a. Rallge.- This nmmunition 18 1TI-
tended for use for ranges up to 300 yards.
o. Mn:dmum prl."Rl>"Ure.--31,000 pounds per square inch.
c. Velocity.-(l} At muzzle, 2,000 feet per second.
(2) At 1')3 feet, 1,900 feet per second.
d. A oou.racy.- When test fired , it will group within a mean radius
of 4 inches at 300 feet.
80
Or J' . 1""'"
I
SMALL-ARMS AMM uNITION ..
,
TlIII 9-1990
'.
•
CARTRIDGE, CARBINE, CAl. .30, Ml
CARTRIDGE, SUBCAL IBER, CAL.. 30, M1 925
RA PD 4532
CARTRI DGE, BLANK, CAL. .22, FIELD ARTILLERY TRAINER,

M2 AND M2AI
LEAD BULLET
- .984 MAX._
CARTR IDGE, BALL, CAl. .22, LONG RIFLE
RA PD 4531
I/Iallu 26.-e ... trldJ; .., .,.Ube. ,22.
UP~8 ·-."-~' 81
Q,i.v, .1 ""'"
,
TM 9-1990
102-103 ORI)XA NC I'l DE PA RT:!oJE N T
-• -
~
0
0
<
••,
•
"
•
•• ,-
~
••
"", -
;
•• • 0
•• ••
,•• ,••
!• ,,,
X
0 !• • ~
•• ~
•!•
• •• •I,
<
,-
~
N
••
.H
i~
•£ "•
,•
•• ••,
,!'.
•
-" ~,•
,
,
,~
- - '.,
-
•
••
r. C··.~
•"
-..
,
' ....
..-
•-
7
-
(
--
8 .:.I,,'TION V
CARTRIDGE, HIF LE OHENADE, CALIBER .30, M3

I'· ... lfr. p h
Delter l pI Ion __ __ _ +_____________________ _________________________________ ] 03
};J:! er ior bo ____ __ _______ ___ ________________ ___ __ ____ ______+_______ 1()1
Il l ~ tlcll
103. Des cripUon .-a. General.- T his ca rtridge is used in ca l iber

.30 r ifles, M l OO3, M W03 A l, and ;U HlI 7, for discharg ing an t itank
ri fle grenades. T his cnrt ridge will Ilot be used in lieu of the caliber
.30, Ml909 blank ca rt ridge in automatic wen polls, nor will i t be fil'ed
in the dil"~liol\ of persolLnel.
82
( Or .. , IL"
TJi[ 9-1990
8YALL-ARM8 AMMUNITION lOS-lOll
b. Viaual iaenii)ication.-This cartridge may be identified by the

five·petal-rose crimp in the mouth of the case-
c. Oompqnen.tl.-The .... 00 i8 the same as the standard caliber .30
case e.zcept for a cannelure located about 14, inch from the mouth.
A wad ill 9Ilated immediately above the cannelure after the propelling
charge has been inserted. A drop of red lacquer is applied to wad
and the mouth of the case ill c10wd by crimping in the shape of II.
five-leaf rosetta See section n, chapter 1, for description of ca9ll
construction and primer. The cartridge ill first loaded with a charge
of five grains of black rifle powder, then with a progressive-burning
small-rums powder. The compOnent weights are as follows:
Case ___ ___ ____ ______ ___ __ __________ ___ __ _______ _Oral".
_ 200
Wad _________ __ ________________________ ___ ____ Negligible
Primer _________________ _____ _____ __________ ____ ____ 5. 694
Propelling powder ~8 - - ---- -- --- - ---- --------- - --- 51
Total weight of cartridge _____ ____ ______ _____ ____ __ 246
d.. Packing.-Twenty cartridgell are packed in a paper carton,
100 cartons (2,000 cartridges) to the standard metal-lined packing
box.
e. Narking.- The label for cartons conbining this ammunition
is described in paragraph 26. The information given on identifica-
tion card is as follows:
"""I 2,000 cartridges

2 Rifle grenade
3 Caliber .30, M3
4 Xn cartons
5 For grenade use only
6 Ammunition lot number
7 Name of manufacturer
The marking on boxes is as described in section IV, chapter 1. The
~ bol: for this ammunition is funher distinguished by two color bands
of blue, 1h inch wide and separated from eAch other by 1 inch.
104. Exterior balllsticB._ The cartridge, grenade, caliber .30,
MS, ill loaded to obtain a grenade velocity of 16!l feet per second at
lUi feet. .
SECrlON VI
CARTRIDGE, sunCALIBER, CALIBER .80

P • .,.,. .... plI
DeecrtpUOD ________ ________ ____ __ ______ _____ ___ ___ __• . ____ ___ _ ___ _ ____ lOG
Es-terlor ball18tlCII..-____ • ___ __ ______ __ . _ _. __ __ _.__ _____________ _______ __ 100
83
Q,i.vmol ""'"
...
TIll[ ~1990
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
'105. DeScriptiOD.-a. General.-The cartridge, Rubcnliber, cali-

ber .80 (fig. 2tl), is designed for firing from the subcnliber tube of
the 3-inch (ltl pdr. ) Beacoa.st gun. Its use for Rubealiber practice
with other types of cannon has been discontinued. There are two
types of caliber .30 subcaliber cartridges: the cartridge, subcaliber
caliber .30, MI92tl ; and the cartridge, subealiber, caliber .30, old
stock. Both types of caliber .30 subcnliber cartridges are limited
standard; the old stock on hand is given priority of issue. Under
no circumstances will the cartridge, subealiber, caliber .30, be used
in other than "Krng" type rifle barrel chambers.
b. Visual identification.--subcaliber cartridges are distinguished
from other caliber .30 types by the presence of an extracting rim on
the cartridge case.
c. CompQ'Mnt parll.-(l) This cartridge consists of cartridge case
primer, propelling charge, and bullet.
(2) The cal1:ridge case differs from that of other caliber .30 types .
in that it has an extra.cting rim instead of a groove.
(3) The primer is assembled in a monel metal primer cup in
order that it may function on the light blow of a rifle firing pin
as well as on t.he heavy blow of that of a gun.
(4) The propeJling charge consists of approximately 35 grains
, of pyr(; D. G. powder.
(tl) The bullet of the old style cartridge is cylindrical , with a
round nose ; the jacket is cupro_nickel ; the filler, hardened 1E'lid. The
bullet of t,he Ml925 is boat-tailed lind pointed; the jacket is gilding
metal.
,.. Old
W.'~h"n rnJlI'I'
'n><' YIV2(I
Cartridge, complete (approx imate). _. .... _... _____ 438. 5 385. Ii

Cartridge C&8e (unprimed) . .. _._ . ..... _. __.. . ___ .
Primer (loaded) . ..... ___ . _ ... . . . . . . . . _. __ __ _ . __
Bullet_" __.. ____ ____ . ____________ -__ ______ _. __ _ _
JackeL __ _.. _. _____ _ ....... . . _... _. _. __ ... .
'"
10. 1
220
'"
..
,n5. 37
Lead 6Iug __ ________ ___ __ .. ____ _____ ___ __ . __

Propelling charge (approrimate) __ .. .. ___. ___ ____ . "
163 1011
" "
d. Packi1l{! and marking.-(I) Old 8tock.-Cartridges of this type
are packed in two different boXes, one holding 1,000 rounds, and the
other 1,400. The box containing 1,400 rounds is the standard pack-
ing box. In it are packed 70 cartons of 20 rounds each; total weight
84
Or. I""'"
TJ[ 9-1990
SMALL-ARMS AMMUNlTION 106-106
with contentB is 112 pounds. The 1,OOO-round box is smaller, accom-

modating 00 cartons of 20 rounds each, weighing when packed 81
pounds. The marking on the outside of both boIe8 is, respectively, B.8
follow8:
~. Onold.o,bo. • u~ O"ODd , o'bo.

L ___ __ 1,000 eulx:alibe. ____ __________
2 _____• Cartridgea, caliber .30 _________

(Day, Plonth , &Ild yeaf
tridgeol ...... r~ Io&ded.)
=-
3 ____ __ For eubcaliber __ ______ . ___ .. _ .
4 __ ___ _ ______ ____ __ __ _. __ __
C&rtridl~
5 ___ __ _
M&nuf&etured by (name of
PlAnufacturer) _
Em fJ/ J ,400 rfJ .. ,..u
Uo. Onold.orbo> ~ On_ofbo.
1 _ __ __ _ 1,400 caliber _30 e&rtridgee ____ _ L ___

1,400 caliber .30.
-
2 ______ Subc&liber ___ ____ ____ ____ ___ _ 2 ____
3 ___ __ _ For Illlx:aliber e&rtridgea 1__ ___ 3 ____ Sulx:aliber.
4 ___ __ _ Packed in carto"" ____ . _______ Cartridge.
4 __ ~_
Packed in.
5 ___ ___ C&rlri~ lot number _________ 5 ____ Carlo",,_
6 ______ 6 __ __
7 ______ i~:me of mAnwactllreT) u u __
de<! (day- month- year) _____ 7 ___ _ fShell and flame.)
Initiale of lIl&f\Uf&etllrer .J
, Thl...I... to tile ... _boo- <tUIrId,. (lor WDcb u - . .. " JUDS) fro", .. hIc.h ,boo ...ubtr _1tCI ... _Uboo-
(2) Ml!JU cartridgu are packed 75 cartons of 20 rounds each

(1,500 rounds) in the standard packing box, a gross weight of 107
pounds. Boxes of this anununition packed since April HI33 are
marked as follows:
C~ On oJdeol bo>. C~ On en"'<>I' bell
L ______ 1,500 cartridge8 __ ______ __ _. _ L ___

2 ____ ___ Subc&liber ___ __ _____ . ___ . . __ 2 __ __ I,MlO cartridge... •
3 __ __ ___ 3 ____ Suhc&liber.
4 _______ Caliber .30, M1925 _ ---- ----
In carto",, ____ _. _________ _. __
C&llbe•. 30, M1925.
4 . ___ In cartolll!.
5 ___ ____ 1>'0. ubcaliber 6rinp ____ __ __ 5 ____
6 _______ Ammunition lot number. ___ __ 1!hell and flame.)
6 - -- t (man uf"ctuTe.'~ initials .
number of lot).
7_____ __ (M"nuf&Clurer, numher of Jot) _
. -- - -
'I'M a", .......otitm lot "I<~r Ilwtdd be alloWfl on tJu lid and addrtu ride oj boz .
106. Enerior ballistics.- The maximum range of the M192fi

wbcaliber cartridge, caliber .30, is 4,300 yards. The powder pressure
may vary slightly for each lot of powder as the weight of charge is
" Or, ,I<.

TM 9-1990
1~108 ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
adjusted to give the. required muzzle velocity. This is 2,006 feet per
eeoond for the old type and 1,990 feet per second for the MI92ll. The
average maximum breech pressure is 40,000 poWlds per square inch.
Tbe old type bullet will penetrate 58 pine boards 'Vs inch thick.
SECTlON VII
CARTRIDGE, BLANK, 10-GAGE. FOR 87-MM GUNS, MU116,

MaAND MIS
DelJcrlptlon_________________________________________________________ 107
107. Description.--a. General.- The cartridge, blank, lQ-gage
(fig. 27), is used with appropriate adapters in lieu of bla.nli: ammWli-
tion for 37-mm guns, MS, M6, and M1916. The adapters consist of
a standard cartridge case modified in accordance with GA 17& fOl"
the M3 and MIS guns, and with GA 1786 for the M1916 gun. This
cartridge was fonnerly listed lUI shell, shotgun, to-gage, blank. This
ammunition is of commercial manufacture. The- charge is bll.ck
powder weighing 8 grains, and is kept in place by meens of dry felt
pads.
o. Packing.-Cartridge, blank, to-gage, is pack<:ld 25 rounds per
carton, 20 cartons (ISOO rounds) per box. The bez may be of wood or
heavy fiber. The boz is 11S% by 9% by 9% inches. The volume is
0.83 cubic feet. It weighs 37.0 pounds.
SrenoN VIn
SHELL, SHOTGUN, 12-GAOE

D eudlpUOD __ __ ________ ____ ____ ___________ _______ __ ________ ___ ____ ______ 108
PaeidDI and Dlarklnl ______ ____________________ __ __ _____________ ___ ____ • 100
108. D.eseription.--a. Gt1IeTal.-Shotgun shells (shot shells)

(fig. 27) are procured by the Ordnance Department from severa.l
manufacturers for use in 12-gage sporting and riot-type shotguns.
They are intended for guard or comba.t use and for hunting or trap
shooting.
o. Vi.Jual identiftcati(m.-SheUs for guard and combat use have a
brass head extending at least 1 inch alollg t.he case. Shells for sport-
ing uses have II- head eztending only If2 inch along the epee.
c. Oomponent.,..-(l) The shell consisUi of a case, a primer, several
wads, a propelling charge, and a load of lead shot.
(2) The case consists of a brass bead and a paper case or shell body.
In guard or combat shells, the head e::l"tends, a distance of 1 inch along
86
Or, ,I<.
I TIlt 9-1990
SMALL-ARM8 AMMUNITION l OS-loe
,
the case. (In some shells, the' entire case is of braBS.) In eporting .
shells, the bead eJOtends 1h inch. The head is reinf orced by a base of
compr: . d paper in which the primer pocket is formed. Some paper
~hells have a steel reinforcement, called the lining, under the brass
head. T he shell body is made of paper and waterproofed. The heRd
is attached to the shell body by crimping.
(3) The primer is a commercial type suitable for ignition of the
smokeless powder used.
(4) Tbe propelling charge and shot loed for each type are shown in
the f ollowing table.
,.,.,.- PtopoUh,. .h • • • . ...
''"'' -
T,~
Guard or comblot. _ .... 26 gnUlIll __ __ • Denee amokeleee . . ...

- - -
w,,'>I In
Trap ,hooting . ..... . .. a dr&Dlll ••••• • Bulk smokel...... .. . ..

Hawk 10..<L _••••• __ • __ ._ •• _do_••• ___ .... _do ._ ._._ .. .... .
1. 125
I. 25
I.
'"
00
'.
6
(!i) The arrangement of paper and felt wads is shown in figure 2.

109. -Packing and m arking.-a. Packing.-(I) Shot shells are
packed twenty.five per carton, twenty such cartons (500 rounds) per
case. The case f or domestic shipment may be wood or fiber; for
oversea shipment, it will be metal-lined wood.
(2) Packing bOil! data.- (a) Siu in inches, 15 by 10% by 9%,.
(b) Area.-l.08 square feet.
(a) Volwn.e.-O.88 cubic foot.
(d) Weight.-63 pounds.
b. M arking.-In addition to the markings on the cartons and
holies, symbols indicating the powder charge and shot load are
stamped on the closing wad. These shells can be identified further
by the following, stamped on the head of the shell:
.
MorkLoc ... ~ ["'-
M""~_
. -
'- ~
OIlSI'd ...,d """'''''' _
W lo eh""ter Repeating WRA 12 Leader .. _.... .. _ WRA 12 Ranger.

AnM Go.
Remington ArmB Co _... Rem. UMC No. 12 Arro.... Rem. No. 12 Eeonumy.
Weetern Cartrid~ Co _.. WeI!tero No. 12 ReconL . Wefltt' rn No. 12 XPert.
U. 8. CMtrldgl' ..... . u. 8. No. 12 Ajax .•. _... U. S. No. 12 Oefiane(!.
Peters CArtridge Co ... __ P- Peters No. 12 ldel\L __ P- Peters No. 12 Vi .. t.or.
P- Peten No . 12 Premier_
87
Q,i.v, . 1""'"
UNIVElII!T'I' Of CAI.IfORNIA
TJI[ 9-1990
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
ApPENDIX
LIST OF REFERENCES
1. Standard Nomenclatur$ Ll.b:.
a. Ammunition.
,Ammunition , blank, for plWk, light, and medium SNL R- 5.
, field a.rtillery.
A:mmunition, fixed, for harbor defense, hea vy SNL P-4.
field and railway artillery.
Ammunition, revolver and automatic pistol _. __ SNL T- 2.
Ammunition, rifle and automatic gun ___ __ ____ _ SNLT-L
Ammunition, smaU-arIlllI, obsolete and nOll- SNL T-6.
standard.
Ground mines and fuzes _____ _ . ____ ___ . ______ _ SNL R-7.
M iscellaneous service componenu of small-anns SNL T--4.
IlDlmunition.
Shells, shotgun ___ __ _____ ______ _________ __ __ _ SNL T-3.
b. Cleaning, preserving, and lubricating materials __ _ SNL K- 1.
c. ,Firing tables and trajectory cho.rts __ _______ _.: __ _ SNL F-69_
d. Currt'.nt Standard Nomenclatllfll Lists are as tab~ (OPSL)
llisted here. An up-to-daw list of SNL's is maintained
118 the "Oronance Publications for Supply Index."
2. Explanatory publicationa.
a. A mmunition.
Ammunition condition reporl ___._. _._________ _ 0 .0 . 7235.
Ammunition, generaL ____ ____ ______ . _. __ ___ __ TM 9-1900.
Military ell:plosive8 _____ _____ ___ ___ . __ ______ _ T.M 9-2900.
Qua.lificatioll.s in ~ and ammunition training AR 775-10.
allowances.
Range regulations for firing ammunition in tUne AR 750-10.
of peace.
Small-arms smmunition ___ ___ _. ____ . __ ___ ____ OFSB 3-5.
Smokeless powder for caliber .30 U .S. AnnySpeeification
service ammunition. 50- 12-9.
Smokeless powder for caliber .45 U. S. Army Specification
a.mmunition. 50-12-11.
Smokeless powder for caliber .50 U. S. Anny Specification
ammWlitioD. 50-12- 2.
b. Cleaning, preserving, and lubricating materials __ _ TM 9-850.
88
Or. . 1""'"
TJ[ 9-1990
aMALL-ARMS AMMUNITION
c. Gun maUMJ.
Aircraft machine gun, caliber .30 ___ ~ _ . _ . _ ___ TR 1400--300.
Automatic pistol, caliber .45, M1911 and FM 23- 35.
M191lAl.
Browning automatic and m&ebine riOes ___ . __ _ TR 1400--30E.
Browningautomat-icrifie, caliber .30, MI918A2 , FM 23---15.
with bipod.
Browning automatic rifle, caliber .30, FM 23---20.
M191 8A2, without bipod.
Browning machine gun, caliber .30, ground, TM 9-1205.
tank, and antiaircraft types.
Browning machine gun, caliber .30, HB , FM 23-45.
M 1919A4, ground. .
Browning ma.chine gun, caliber .30, HB, FM 23- 50.
MI919A4 (M ounted in combat vehicles).
Browning machine gun, C8liber .30, MI9! ? ____ FM 23-55.
Browning aircraft machine guns, caliber .30, TR 1300-300.
MI918MI and MI919.
Browning machine gun, caliber .50, HB, M2 , FM 23-60.
ground.
Browning machine gun, C8liber .50, HB, M2 FM 23-65.
. (Mounted in combat vehicles) .
i Browning machine gun, caliber .50, MJ921, TM .9-220.
aircraft, fixed and flexible.
Browning machine gun, caliber .50, M2 , air- TM 9-225.
craft, fixed and flexible.
Browning machine gun, caliber .50, M2, TM 9-226.
watercooled, and mounts.
Pistols and revolvers _____ _ . ____ __ __ ____ _ TM 9-1295.
Thompson su bmachine gUll, caliber .45, FM 23-40.
M1 928AI.
U. S. rifle, caliber .30, ML ______ ____ __ __ __ FM 23- 5.
U. S. rifle, caliber .30, M1903 __ ___________ _ FM 23---10.
• U. S . rifle, caliber .30, M1903, MI903Al , lind TR 1400-3DA .
M1917 .
U. S. rifle, caliber .22, M1922, M 1922Al , TM 9-280.
and M2.
d. GunJUry. •
GUIUlCry, fire con trol, and position finding, FM 4-110.
antiaircraft guns.
.. ()r;v, . 1""'"
I UNIVElII!T'I' Of {AlIfORNIA
'l'JI[ 9-1990
ORDNANCE DEPAR~NT
d. Ounnnv--Continued.
Gunnery, fire oontrol, IUld poait.i.on finding, FM 4-112.
ant.i..urcraft automatic weapons.
Marksmanship and service of th" piece- FM 4-136.
IUltiairoraft m~.biDe gun.
tl. Mitcdw7ltlotU.
Field artillery trainer ___ ___ ___________ ._ _____ TM 6-226 .
Ordnanoe field service in time of peacen nn__ AR 46-30.
Ordnance safety manuaL __ _______ _________ _ 00 7224.
J. Tl'(lntpOrlation.
Transportation of 8upplielL _______ ________ __ An 3D-956.
Transportation by water of explosives, inflam- AR 3D-1270.
mables, and chemical warfare mate.ri.al.&.
90
Or. . ""'"
UNIVElII!T'I' Of CAI.IfORNIA
I
TJ[ 9-1990
INDEX
A.c:!ddenbl, I'epO}rt ____ __ __ _____ • _____ ______ __ . .,

.....,•
....
~~
A. mmunltion :
C allber .30____________ ______-______ ____ _
CalLber ----------------
____ __ _____ _______ __ • ___ ______________ •• ___ _
....,"'
.~
FIeld artillery lra ln el _______ _________ ___________ _____ __ 98-100

~
Subca]lber, .... Uber .30 __ ____ ____ _____ _____ . ____________ 1cti, 106
.."
A rmor-J)lereiq ('8rtrldce:
Caliber .110, M2 _____• __ ___ ___• ____________________ ______ "1. 0108
~
c.Uber __ ________ _____________ . ___ . _.. _. ______ 84, M

.46 _~ ~
Ball, 6teel, l -IDeh dIameter ______ ___ ________ __________ _ _

B 811 cartridce : " \'II
,
..
10-.."", ------------------------------_. 10 ,
CaUba ..22, lODe rlfte _______ _____ ____ _____ __________ ll6, Q'I'
._~
CalIber .ao,
ML _______• _____________ ______ ____________ "",. 50 TU'
~be r . ~ ___ ____________________ ______ ___ __________
~ ~ 1 . S2
(11, (12
c...tlber .ell, M191L_________ ___ __ _______ __ _______________ 71, 72
CaUber ..50, 142________________ __ ________ _____ ___ _______ _ 86, 87
Bandoleera ___________ ____ _______ _____________ _
.. ",.
Blanlt cutrld«l! :
Callber .%L _____ _______________________ __ • _____________ _
Caliber .00. MJ 90lL __________________ __ _____ ___ _________ _
00 ,.'"
caUber .ro ____________________ _____ ___ __ ___. __________ _
"..'" .,""
Pl tutu tiOll3
--- ----
Re1-oher. caliber
Boxt!ll :
.45,--ML
- - ---- ------
__ ____ - -- -- ---
_________ _ _--- - - - - - ----~-
Ela udl lug ____ ________ ____________________________ ____ _

----- ----------
" . .
:wa rlr.lug>I __ ____ __ _____________ __ __ __ ___________ ____ ___'_
Bulle t ____ ___ ____ ______ ___________ ____________________ _____ _ ""
10 ",
.." OJ
, ",
",
•• ,,
_______ ______ _______________ _____ ___________ _________ __ 6
~P8
Color __ _________ ___________ ___ _________________ _

",. •
"
marlr. l nll ~
, 91 Q,i.v, . 1""'"
TJ[ 9-1990
IND!.X
Danger soneL ______________ ~ ___________________ __ ___

P" .., ..pb
______ 1~
....
.
H
DetectR :
Found dUrin&, and after II.rln' ___ ___ __ ________ __ __ _______ _
VIIUlI ___ __________ • ____ _________ _____________________ _
"
. "
33
Dummy car trldgee:
Caliber .80, M190lL __________ __ _______________ _____ ____ _
Caliber .SO, M2 ___ _________________________ ______ ___ __ _ _
Caliber .45. MI921 _____ ___ ___ ____ __ ._. __ __ ___ . _____ ____ _
Caliber .50, WI __ ___ • ________ ___ ___ ___• ____ ____ ___ _____ _
""
Caliber .50, M2 ___ ______ __ ______ ________ _______ _ '"
Field artmer,. traine r ammunltlon ___ _.. ___________ ____ __ ____ fl8-.100 "
Firing t&bIEfL __ ______ ___ ____ __ _____ ____ . ______ _____ . ___ _ 16
"H
Gallery practice {"Brnldce, caliber .30. Ml91Il __ ___________ _____

Ql"flde. •• __ • __________ __ __• _______ __ _________ ____________ _
Quud cartridge:
"" •
M
Caliber .30, ML ________________ _______ ___ _____ _______ __ :19.00

Caliber .80, MI90IL _______ _________________________ __ ____ 61,62
URndUng __________ ________ ____ __ ____ _______ • _______ _____ _
Elanglre __ __ • __________ __ ________ ____ ____ ___ __ ______ ___ __ __ 34,86 ..
HI&h-prellaure teat cattrld~:
CaUber .30, ML __ __ _.. __ .. _______ _.
Caliber .~, ML ________ __ _________ ___ ___ _
. ""
(~lIber .l'iO, ML _____ . __ . _____ _______________ _______ ____ _
" "
IdentlAca.tlon :
AmmunitIon tn~P _n __ _ .__ __ n _n ___ ______ . _________ n
Ca n:! _______ __ ___ ___ _________ __ _____ __ ______ _
., ••
...
Caliber .30 ammunltlon __ . _____ ___ _______ __ ______ ______ _
.00
ammUlll tlon _.. ____ __ ___ __ ___ _________ ___ ____ _
ammunltlOH ______ _____________ _____ .. ____
number ___ ___ __ _____ __ ___ _____ ____ __
.,"
,.
00 ...
"
Marldnp _________ • ______ ________ _____ ____ ______ ______ _ "" "
M eollll ____ ___ ___ _____ ______ ___ _______ _____ ______ ___ __ •
~
l4odel ______ ____ _______ _____ _____ _____ ___ __ • __________ _

"" ''""
Target praetlce ___ ___ __ ____ ___ ___ __ __ __ _________ __ __ ___ _
'""
I ncendIary cartrIdge:
Caliber .30, ML _______ __ ____ ____ ____ ____ ______________
Caliber m, ML ____ ____ .:____ ___ __ __ ____________ ____ __ _ _
. ."
"
Llna, meta mc bel'- _________________________ _• ____ ________ _ '". 8
number _____ _______ ____ ___________ _______________ _
Machlne-cun belta _____________ ___ ___ ______ ______ ______ + __ __ _

19
"
" "
. "..
MartIng: __ _____ _____ ____ __ ____________ _____ ____ ____ ___ ___ _
~~ee
24
Caliber.SO ammunlt!on ___ __ .. __________________________ _
CaJlber .'-'i ammun IUon ______ ___ ______________ _____ _____ _ 88
.. Or. . ""'"
•
i
TJ( 9-1990
Kl rldng--OOntlrlUed.
CaUber .00 II.mmunltlOD___ _________ __________ ___________
p.,.....pII
81
'q.
26
'"
C
a
r
t
o
~
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
Color __ ______ __ _• ___________ _____ ____ ____ _______ ___ ____ 211
""
PulP( 3!
_______ _____________________________ !I.I, 36 211
..
".S<"
_u n _ . _ _ n .n_ _ n _ • ___ h . __ • • _ un . _ _ _ n _ __ n
H~ _________ ____
Model dE*lgDlltloll __ _ ._____ ___ __ _ _______ _ _____ __ __ __ _ _ ___ 18
Someucllltul'f! ____ ___ ___ ___ _____ ___ ____ • __ __ ________ __ ____ _ _ ~
, •
,
Plrldog ;
caliber .30 llUlmunIUOII •. ___ ____ __ __ _____ _ __ ____ _____ __ _ 44 .,
Callber .4!'i ammunltloll ________________ _. __ ___ _.____ ___
Caliber .00 ammunlUoll ____ __ ___________ ___ ___________ ___ 81
COntalners____________________________ _______ ____ ____• __ 27-30
Keth0d8 _________ _________ __________ ___ _____ __ ____ ~ ~ ~~ __ 27-30
68
.. ",.
,.,.
________ ______ _____ _ ____ __ ___ __ ___ 28
.,.. ..
Packlngbo ~~ ~ ~ ~ _~~_ ~~__ _
Pam:
Caliber .30 awruunltlOlL __ __ ____ . ___ _____________ __ ___ ~ ~ ~
Caliber .41\ ammu nltlon _____ __ ____ ______________ ____ ____ _
.. OJ
Caliber .1'JO amwUDltlon ____ ____ ______ _________ _________ _
Powder __ __ _____ _________________ ___ ____ _________ ____ ____ __
82
". '"
..
~ntlonR'
Blank cartridge!! _____________________________ _________ _
Fa
Handllng ________ ______________________________________ _
PrUner _______ ____ ______ __ ______________ ____ __ __ ___________ ll6
PrIority ot IlI8Ue ________ _______ ______ ____ __ __ __ ___ _____ _ • •
..
~ ~~
H 11
PropeH1Dg cha rge _____* ____ ___ _ _ __ ___ _ ______ * ___ _____ ____ _ _ ~
n 7
PropelleD t powder __ __ ___ ___ _________ ___________ _________ __ ~
itefel'f!DCe!I ______ ____ ____ ________ • _ __ __ _ __ ____ __ __ _ ____ __ _A pp. " 88

ijbell. lIhotgun. }2.ga.ge ___________________ _________________ 108. 109
Small anna. deftnllJon____________ ___ ______ _______ __________ _
_____________________________________ 4
.....,
S~H; .~___ _______ _
Storage.. __________________ __ __ ____ __ ___ _ ______ __ __

____
!lulx'allher certritlge. caliber .so ______ ___________________ 100, 106

3"l'
IInrvetna"ce.. _______ ___ _______ _______ ___ __ ____ ___ ___ __ ______ 81-34
~.
~ ~ ~ ___ __
r;
.......•
'I'uget pracUei!. Identltlca lIon ____________ __ ___ __ __ _____ __ ____ 22 "
TO!lIts. descrlptlon ______ ___ ________________ __ ___ ______ ___ ____ S2 ""
Traeer eartrldge ,
Caliber .30. ML ______ ___________________ ____ _________ __ tiS. 54
Caliber
caliber .ro.
ML,. ___ ___ ____ ________________________ __ ___ 73, 74
.4.~.
______________ __ __ _______ _______ ____ _ 89 sa.

.....
,.
-,
ML ~
73, 74
Trainer, field artillery. ammunltlon __ _____________ __ ____ .....: __ 99-100
('aUber .80 ammunltlon ._

Callbe-r .46 ammunltlon ___ ___ __ ______ ___ ____ ______ __ ___ _
n .,
Callber.oo ammunillun ____ _____ _______ _____ __ ___ • __ _
Identldcattou _____________ ___ ._-. ____ • ____ ________ __ .
"" "'"
" "
I UNIVElII!T'I' Of {AlIfORN IA
Q,i.v, . 1""'"
•
TM 9-1990
INDEX
1'lI..........b Pqe
Vlsual eJ:amIDatioD_____________ ___ _________________ ______ 33 28
We\Flbl :
Caliber .30 cartrldga. ____ __ __ __ ____ _________ ______ __ ____ _
CalIber .46 cartri~ __ ____ ________________________ _____
... ....
c.uber .1iO carlrld&et-_______ _______ _________ ___ __ ______ _
83 "
fA.. G. 0$2.11 (2-ZII-42).] •
BT ORDER OP THE SIICRrI'ART or WAll:
O. C. MARSHALL,
OAiel Stag. of
OPFIClAL:
J. A. ULIO,
Major General,
T M Adjutant OtMNil.
DlBrRlBUTlON:
Bn 9(1) ; C 9(8).
(For explanation of symbols see FM 21-6.)
• 94 . . .. . . . .. . . . . t . " . " . . . . . " . . . . . .
Dr, ,I<.

TM - 9 1990 Small Arms Ammunition

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I t

~62201 ' ·48 ............" ..,.".............

TM 9-1990, May 23, 1942, is changed,as follows :

By CRDEII OF THE SECIU':TAlIY OF W AIl:

'-'''' ''4 FlY

CH"'I<G~" ) / / 1 \'VAR DEPAl>T¥~~fi::'

F igure 12 is r('scinded and the follo wing substit uted therefor :

"' AMM liNITI QX"

~~"'I'I~'" \" II· ..... ",," <III" I" """"01"",.

itA 1'0 61212

1.1. G. 300.1 {~ J "" ' I ~)_ J (C ~ . , J UI , H, )

li,- OIllJ t:H 0 1' T ilt: Sr.o.;Ht:T.IH Y Ot' H ',I H :

TECHNICAL MANUAL ) WAR DEPARTMENT,

CBAl'TE1l 1. General. Pa ........ pb.

CHA~ 4. Ammunition,- caliber .5O-Continued. Pau~pha

APFENIlIJt: . L ist of re ferences ____ ___ _____________ _______ __ _ 88

V. Packlc&" ______ __ ________________ ______ __ _______ __________ __ _ 21-00

SCOpe___________ _________________ __ ____________ _____________ ___ ___ _____ 2

2. 8cope.-The information contained is such as to furnish a ready

4. General.---a. SmaU arm.t.--8mall arms comprise those weapons

6. Claul:flcation.-Dependent upon its purpose, small·arms am-

I i. Incendiory.-This type may be identified by the Ii~ht-hlue paint

An extractor groove is machined in the side of the bead to provide

10. Bullet.--a. Part,.-The bullet consists, in general, of a core

Thoae accessories which are connected with the

scribed steel plugs made in the shape of cartridges. Link, metallic

• Or. ' ""'"

I- Revolvers, automatic pistols, and Bubmachine guns.

~. Reg1"Gdmg.- Ammunition in storage is periodically retested to

CA' .45 CAl 30 CAL •. ~

1. BrA.. uvjL 5. HH~ln~ me lA1 cup.

I BULLET. BALL CAL. .Xl. 1.12

BULLET, TRACER. CAL ..3D, MI.

BULLET, BAll, CAl. .~, ~2

BULlET, AR~OR-P'ERCING, CAl • .50, ~2

ElULlET, TRACER, CAL .. ~, 1.11

.506 MAX . - -'I •

17. General.-a. The type, caliber, ammunition lot number, and

19. Ammunition lot number.- W'ben Immunition is manufac-

)larklnK' on eartona________ _______________ __ _________________________ 28

31. General.-Surveillance includes, in part, the observation, in-

CommoD ..' . . .MtIoao

' -III SIO(.u. Nl!M "!:AD

VIGOU 15._L<K:atloB of . pUt.. In ca rtd4e ......

separate into two parts. If such a rupture occurs, upon extnction,

for wa rd portion of the fired cartridge case in the chamber of the

35. General.~The pro"isions contai ned in this section are of a

broken until the ammunition is required for issue or use. Ammuni-

" Or, ,I<.

the'crack in the cartridge case. Defective cartridges will be considered

issued, checked, stacked, or restacked, reliable personnel should be

checked before the ammunition is issued. The cartridge, blank,

percent, the lot will be suspended Ind reported to the Chief of

40. Field report of accldentl:.--a. ' Any serious malfunctions 01

(0) Lot number (given on outside of packing box and on identi-

Identlflcatlon_________ ________ ___ ___________ ___ ________ __ _______ _____ .£!

41. TypeB.-a. The ammunition described in this chapter is de-

44. Ma rking an d pacldng .-a. •Varking.- The markings on

001>10i00i. ' 8poo:\a1 po.ckl. CIOf Ar ... y Air , _.

APFENIlIJt: . L ist of re ferences __ _ _________ _ _ 88

V. Packlc&" ______ _ ____ _ 21-00

SCOpe___ _ _____ _ _ ___ 2

)larklnK' on eartona _ _____________________ 28

Identlflcatlon___ _ _________ _ ____ _ _ .£!

Ball, MI91!. _ _ _ 327 ,,.

AP M2 Brus __ I M R 4814 G ildin g

AP M2_ .. __ _ _ ____ _••• _ 1,837 HI. 06