WORKSHEET 3

Choose the best answer

1. Teamwork requires that everyone is plum job/role/assignment a good job etc that other
people wish they had/ cushy easy/ vital /amenable willing to accept what someone says or
does without arguing to each other's ideas.
2. A skilled researcher can attain/ interpret/ enfold cover or surround someone or something
completely/ accomplish data given to them and draw conclusions from it.
3. Candidates for the position of chief communications officer must be able to cultivate
develop skills or relationship/ facilitate make it easier for a process or activity to happen /
articulate express your ideas / allocate use something for a particular purpose ideas effectively..
4. Many young people feel a sense of entitlement official right to have or do something /
aspiration ambition/ association/ dedication and don't believe they have to work hard
Fill in each blank with a suitable preposition or particle
1. Let me chew it ……over… for a few days. think carefully about something for a period of
time
2. Jazz has its roots ………in…. the folk songs of the southern states of the US. the origin 
3. The blades of the swords have rusted ……away…………. . gradually destroyed by rust
4. Marcie said she’d cut herself …on… a broken glass. injure yourself on something sharp
5. The results speak …for………. themselves. show clearly that something is true
6. The firm now trades …under……. the name Lanski and Weber. exist and operate as a
business
7. Vandals set fire ……to…………. an empty warehouse.
8. Will you sweep the leaves ……off…………. the patio? to clean the dust,
9. The egg cracked open and ……out……. popped a tiny head.
10. The leopard’s claws slashed ……through……the soft flesh. cut something violently
11. There’s enough money there to keep you ……in……. champagne for a year! provide
someone with money, food
12. Leave the shampoo for two minutes, then rinse it ……with……. warm water.
13. Shop ……around…………. for the best interest rates.
14. Bundle ………up… the newspapers and take them to the skip. to make a bundle by tying
things together
15. The police chased the suspect ……along…………. Severn Avenue.
16. Every night he cooked ……up…………. a big casserole. to prepare food quickly
17. He turned and skipped ……away…………. , singing happily to himself.
Fill in: down, in (x2), upon, on, into, away, off
1 He was asked to step ...down............ from his position as president of the board of
directors. leave your job or official position
2 Most days Jim knocks ....off.......... work around 6 pm. stop working
3 Examinations are held each term ….in... accordance with the college's policy. According to
4 it took Kelly a while to settle ......into......... her new role when she first joined the company
but now she is a key member of staff put yourself in a comfortable position
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5 The developer unexpectedly hit ....upon.......... a great new idea for a software application.
6 The research team is .....on...... the threshold of a major breakthrough in treating
Alzheimer's. at the beginning of a new and important event the brink
7 College students should try to secure an internship ....in........ their chosen field.
8 The sales team hammered ......away......... at the new proposal in order for it to be ready for
today's meeting.  work hard and continuously at something
Complete the idioms with: pick, take, brought, slipped, racked, think
1 The meeting with the marketing department completely .........slipped............... his mind.
2 Let's go for coffee so l can ....pick...... your brain about my new start-up. ask someone's advice
about a subject
3 As an app developer, it's essential to .......think...... outside the box to come up with new
innovative ideas.
4 He.......racked.............. his brain for hours but couldn't renumbers where he left his thesis
notes.
5 His lecture ….brought…. to my mind some research I did on cognitive conditioning years
ago. remind somebody of something
6 Let's go for a walk to .........take.............. your mind off your work for a while. make
someone stop thinking and worrying about something

1. C involving preference
2. A rocess of assisting the individual to choose an occupation,
3. C  intended to be kept secret
4. A much more than is reasonable
5. B  relating to the skills you need to do a particular job 
6. d

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2. capable of managing
3. residned himself to not becoming
4. fell through over
5. he couldn’t cope with
6. were made redundant at the factory
7. is the most effective way to
8. cut out for you

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Line of work:the type of work someone does
Asset: the things that a company owns, that can be sold to pay debt
Superior: aving a higher position or rank than someone else
Circulate: move around within a system

PART II – VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR

Section 1. Choose the best answer.
1. My friend eventually decided to quit her job, _______ upset me a lot
A. that B. what C. which D. who

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2. Sales began the year at 30,000 units in January and increased slightly ________ 2,000
units in February.
A. by B. to C. in D. at
3. John: “Our teacher, Mr. Jones, is not very flexible. He always requires us to submit his
assignments on time.”
Jack: “ _________. He should know that we have to learn many subjects.”
A. I can’t disagree with you more B. I can’t agree with you more
C. That can be true D. I am not with you here
4. _____ Mississippi River flows into _____ Gulf of Mexico in _______ state of Louisiana.
A. - / the / the B. The / the / the C. The / - / - D. - / - / -
5. You _______ then ; otherwise , the policeman wouldn’t have stopped you .
A. could have been speeding B. must have been speeding
C. might have been speeding D. ought to have been speeding
6. We cannot judge a person simply on the ______ of his education.
A. theory B. condition C. basis D. principle
7. The number of learners not large; therefore, a number of headphones
available to them in the lab
A. are - is B. is - are C. are - are D. is – is
8. He apologized me not having come to my birthday party
A. to – for B. Ø – for C. to - on D. with – for
9. When friends insist on ______ expensive gifts, it makes most people uncomfortable.
A. them to accept B. they accepting C. their accepting D. they accept
10. By the time Brown’s daughter graduates, __________ retired.
A. he B. he has C. he’ll being D. he’ll have
11. The ________ are against her winning a fourth consecutive gold medal.
A. chances B. betsC. prospectsD. odds how likely it is that something will or will not happen
12. References can have a considerable _______ on employment prospects.
A. cause B. decision C. weightD. bearing have an effect or influence on
something,
13. Her performance in the last scene was quite ________.
A. describable B. remarkable C. notable D. noticeable
14. You should be _________ ashamed of yourself for what you have done.
A. thoroughly completlyB. hopelessly C. entirely D. earnestly
15. Hardship and hard work are very much part and ________ of student life.
A. package B. section C. province D. parcel
16. You’ll be glad to know that Yuki’s work is showing a ___________ improvement.
A. mediocre not very goodB. Minimal small in degree C. prominent important
D. pronounced noticeable
17. Far be it from me to (when saying that you do not want to criticize someone or say what
they should do), _________ down the law, but I think we need to pull our socks up: improve
your behavior.
A. put B. lay tell other people what to do, how they should think etc, in a very
strong or impolite way C. write D. set
18. The prospects of picking up any survivors are now __________.
A. thin B. narrow C. slim D. restricted
19. I think that Tolstoy should be ________ reading for anyone interested in literature.
A. necessary B. compelled forced C. required officially compulsory D. legal
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20. Hopes are _______ of finding the missing boat.
A. darkening B. going C. fading D. draining
Section 2 - Most but not all of the following lines contain one unnecessary word.
Underline the word that is not needed.
01. Parents in Britain are required by law to see that their children receive full-time
02. education between the ages of 5 and 16. At present, there are about nine million
03. school-children at about 40,000 schools. The number is increasing, mainly because of
04. some increase in the birth rate, and such primary school numbers are very high.
05. Although the birth-rate has now stabilised, each year more of children stay
06. on at school from beyond the minimum leaving age. There is, therefore, a
07. continuing need for more teachers and more school buildings. In England, Wales and
08. Northern Ireland, it is usual for boys and girls to be taught all together in primary schools:
09. that is, up to the age of 11, but about half the secondary schools are for boys and girls only.
10. Although mixed schools are more common in Wales and Scotland, where all but a few city
11. schools take both boys and girls. As to a result of the reorganisation of schools, and the
12. introduction of comprehensive education, much more children are attending co-educational
13. establishments. While in the independent sector, more than half the schools are
14. co-educational; but of those that providing secondary education, the majority are either for
15. boys or girls. These independent schools does receive no grants from public funds,
16. and charge fees. They are of two types: the preparatory schools and the public schools.
Section 3. Complete the sentence with suitable preposition.
1. I'm tired and stressed and the kids have been acting ______up______ all day. They don't
seem to know how to behave properly. they behave badly
2. I met Harold in the supermarket. He was asking ___after___________ you and I said you
were fine and really happy about this new job you've got. You want to know whether they
are well
3. I'll ask your boss ____over__________ for dinner tonight if he isn't busy. It will make a
good impression, don't you think?
4. If your boss accuses you of missing yesterday's meeting on purpose, I will back you
____up______ by saying you had to do something for me.
5. I can hardly read this document. Go and blow it __up______ so it is at least twice the size.
you make it larger
6. These statistics are too confusing. We need to break them___down________ into the four
different seasons of the year for a clearer picture.  separate something into smaller parts
7. If someone phones me while I am in the meeting, I will have to break ___off_________
for a few minutes as I am expecting a really important call. to suddenly stop talking
8. After the First World War, the Austro-Hungarian empire was broken ___up_______ into
several pieces. the people in it separate and do not live or work together
9. Sales are up 10% on this period last year. We need to build ___on_______ that if we are
to save this company. use your achievements as a base for further development
10. When I told her about her mother's illness being incurable, she broke ___into______
tears.
Section 4. Word form
Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the space in the
same line.
Photography has many forms and …applications…….(1). Of all of them, APPLY
the
practice of taking pictures of earth from the air has had the most value for
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geographers……worldwide………….(2). WORLD
Photography was still in its……infancy………….(3) when, in 1858, INFANT
French artist
Felix Tournachon took the first aerial photograph from a hot-air balloon. From
these crude ………beginnings……….(4), aerial photographs have been BEGIN
taken from
………increasingly…….(5) higher vantage points and now cameras on INCEASE
satellites can
capture images of earth from space.
This would have been…unimaginable………….(6) in 1858. Today, such IMAGINE
images
provide a wealth of detailed information and ……consequently………….…….(7) they have
CONSEQUENCE
made an enormous contribution to our understanding of the Earth’s
atmosphere and weather patterns. They are also invaluable to
…archaeologists…………(8) and
ARCHAEOLOGY
those monitoring urban……expansion………….(9). EXPAND
Although aerial photographs and maps both present a bird’s eye view of the
Earth’s surface, they are valuable in different ways. In terms of
………accuracy……….(10) ACCURATE
maps will always provide a more reliable representation of the surface of the Earth.
However, aerial photography has become the more influential as a means of documenting
the world’s changing landscape and ecosystems.

PART III. READING COMPREHENSION

Section 1. Read the text below and decide which answer A, B, C or D best fits each
space.
Earth is the only place we know of in the universe that can support human life. (1)_______
human activities are making the planet less fit to live on. As the western world (2) _______
on consuming two-thirds of the world's resources while half of the world's population do so
(3) _______ to stay alive we are rapidly destroying the (4) _______ resource we have by
which all people can survive and prosper. Everywhere fertile soil is (5) _______ built on or
washed into the sea. Renewable resources are exploited so much that they will never be able
to recover (6) _______ We discharge pollutants into the atmosphere without any thought of
the consequences. As a (7) _______ the planet's ability to support people is being (8)
_______at the very time when rising human numbers and consumption are (9) _______
increasingly heavy demands on it. The Earth's (10) _______ resources are there for us to use.
We need food, water, air, energy, medicines, warmth, shelter and minerals to keep us fed,
comfortable, healthy and active. If we are sensible in how we use the resources they will last
indefinitely. But if we use them wastefully and excessively they will soon run out and
everyone will suffer.
1. A. Although B. Still C. Yet D. Despite
2. A. continues B. repeats C. carries D. follows
3. A. already B. just C. for D. entirely
4. A. alone B. individual C. lone D. only
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5. A. sooner B. neither C. either D. rather
6. A. quite B. greatly C. utterly D. completely
7. A. development B. result C. reaction D. product
8. A. stopped B. narrowed C. reduced D. cut
9. A. doing B. having C. taking D. making
10. A. natural B. real C. living D. genuine
Section 2. Gap filling
Fill each blank with a suitable word
The Goulburn Valley is situated in the south-east corner of the Australian continent, in the
state of Victoria. Because of the introduction (1) __of________ irrigation over a century ago,
primary industry flourished, resulting in (2)______a_____multitude of orchards and market
gardens. After World War II, migrants flocked to the area in search of work on the farms,
and in (3)____many_______ cases, establishing a property of their own. Unfortunately, the
region (4)____has_______taken a turn for the worse over the past decade. The irrigation
water that was (5)______once_____plentiful has now been rationed, and many farmers have
been forced (6)___off________the land. The main source of water
(7)____comes_______from the Goulburn River, with several reservoirs located along its
stretch to the mighty Murray River. Dam capacities have fallen to dangerous levels, resulting
in some farmers having an inadequate supply of irrigation water. (8)____despite_______ the
recent hardships, some farmers have continued to eke an existence out of the land. Many
have become (9)___more______ ingenious, devising new ways to utilize water plus finding
special niches to service the ever-changing urban needs. Perhaps the Goulburn Valley can
return to its prosperous times (10)___soon/later______.
Section 3. Read the following passage, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate
the correct answer to each question.
A survey (4) is a study, generally in the form of an interview or a questionnaire,
which provides information concerning how people think and act. In the United
States, the best-known surveys are the Gallup poll and the Harris poll. As
anyone who watches the news during campaigns presidential knows, these polls
5 have become an important part of political life in the United States.
North Americans are familiar with the many "person on the street” interviews
on local television news shows. While such interviews can be highly
entertaining, they (3) are not necessarily an accurate indication of public
opinion. First, they reflect the opinions of only those people who appear at a
10 certain location. Thus, such samples can be biased in favor of commuters,
middle-class shoppers, or factory workers, depending on which area the news-
people select. Second, television interviews tend to attract outgoing people who
are willing to appear on the air, while they frighten away others who may feel
intimidated by a camera. A survey must be based on a precise, representative
15 sampling if it is to genuinely reflect a broad range of the population.
In preparing to conduct a survey, sociologists must exercise great care in the
wording of questions. (5) An effective survey question must be simple and clear
enough for people to understand it. It must also be specific enough so that there
are no problems in interpreting the results. Even questions that are less
20 structured must be carefully phrased in order to elicit the type of information
desired. (8)Surveys can be indispensable sources of information, but only if the
sampling is done properly and the questions are worded accurately.
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 There are two main forms of surveys: the interview and the questionnaire. Each
of these forms of survey research has its advantages. An interviewer can obtain
25 a high response rate because people find it more difficult to turn down a
personal request for an interview than (8)to throw away a written
questionnaire. In addition, an interviewer can(9) go beyond written questions
and probe for a subject's underlying feelings and reasons. However,
questionnaires have the advantage of being cheaper and more consistent.

1. What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. The history of surveys in North America
B. The principles of conducting surveys
C Problems associated with interpreting surveys
D. The importance of polls in American political life
2. The word "they" in line 9 refers to_______.
A. North Americans B. news shows C. interviews D. opinions
3. According to the passage, the main disadvantage of person-on-the-street interviews is that
they ……
A. are not based on a representative sampling
B. are used only on television
C. are not carefully worded
D. reflect political opinions
4. Which of the following terms is defined in the passage?
A. Survey B. Public opinion
C. Representative sampling D. Response rate
5. According to paragraph 3, which of the following is most important for an effective
survey?
A. A high number of respondents
B. Carefully worded questions
C. An interviewer's ability to measure respondents' feelings
D. A sociologist who is able to interpret the results
6. The word "exercise" in line 16 is closest in meaning to_______.
A. utilize B. consider C. design D. defend
7. The word "elicit" in line 19 is closest in meaning to_______.
A. compose B. rule out C. predict D. bring out
8. It can be inferred from the passage that one reason that sociologists may become frustrated
with questionnaires is that_______.
A. respondents often do not complete and return questionnaires
B. questionnaires are often difficult to read
C. questionnaires are expensive and difficult to distribute
D. respondents are too eager to supplement questions with their own opinions
9. According to the passage, one advantage of live interviews over questionnaires is that live
interviews_______.
A. cost less B. can produce more information
C. are easier to interpret D. minimize the influence of the researcher
10. The word "probe" in line 27 is closest in meaning to_______.
A. explore B. influence C. analyze D. apply

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Section 4. Read the text carefully and then choose the correct answers.
IS TECHNOLOGY HARMING OUR CHILDREN’S HEALTH?
Technology is moving at such a breakneck speed that it is enough to make your head
spin. It can be difficult to keep up. However, with each new technological marvel come
consequences. Much of the research conducted has shown the extent of the damage being
done to our health by technology. It is a scary thought, and with teenagers and children being
heavy consumers and users of these gadgets, they run the risk of being harmed the most.
The digital revolution in music has enabled people to download, store and listen to
songs on a tiny, portable device called an MP3 player. The process is quick and afterwards
you can have access to a library of thousands of songs that can fit into your palm. But
experts say that continuously listening to loud music on these small music players can
permanently damage hair cells in the inner ear, resulting in hearing loss. For instance,(1 )
old-fashioned headphones have been replaced with smaller ones that fit neatly into the ear,
instead of over them, which intensifies the sound. In addition to that,(2) digital music does
not distort and keeps its crystal clear sound, even on loud settings,(3) which encourages
children to crank up the volume. Combine that with the fact that many children will spend
hours listening to their iPods, and you have the recipe for hearing loss. Put into further
perspective, (4)most MP3 players can reach levels of 120 decibels, which is louder than a
chainsaw or lawnmover. When you consider 85 decibels is the maximum safe decibel level
set by hearing experts over the course of a working day, and that children (5) will listen to
music at higher decibel levels than that for long periods of time, hearing will invariably
suffer.
Apart from hearing damage, there are other serious health risks. We are living in a
wireless age. Calls can be made and received on mobiles from anywhere and the internet can
be accessed without the need for cables.(6) The advantages are enormous, bringing ease and
convenience to our lives.(7) It is clear that mobiles and wireless technology are here to stay
(permanent, become a part of life) but we are paying the price for the new technology?
Studies have shown that the rapid expansion in the use of wireless technology has brought
with it a new form of radiation called ‘electropollution’.
Compared to two generations ago, we are exposed to 100 million times more
radiation. The human body consists of trillions of cells which use faint electromagnetic
signals to communicate with each other, so that the necessary biological and physiological
changes can happen. It is a delicate, natural balance. But this balance is being upset by the
constant exposure to electromagnetic radiation (EMR) that we face in our daily lives and it is
playing havoc with our bodies. EMR can disrupt and alter the way in which our cells
communicate and this can result in abnormal cell behaviour. Some studies have shown that
exposure to wireless technology can affect our enzyme production, immune systems,
nervous system and even our moods and behaviour. The most dangerous part of the phone is
around the antenna. This area emits extremely potent radiation which has been shown to
cause genetic damage and an increase in the risk of cancer.
Research shows that teenagers and young adults are the largest group of mobile phone
users. According to a recent Eurobarometer survey, 70 percent of Europeans aged 12-13
own a mobile phone and the number of children five to nine years old owning mobiles has
greatly increased over the years. Children are especially vulnerable because their brain and
nervous systems are not as immune to attack as adults. Sir William Stewart, chairman of the
National Radiological Protection Board, says there is mounting evidence to prove the

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harmful effects of wireless technologies and that families should monitor their children’s use
of them.
Besides the physical and biological,(9) technology can also have serious mental
implications for children. It can be the cause of severe, addictive behaviour. In one case, two
children had to be admitted into a mental health clinic in Northern Spain because of their
addiction to mobile phones. An average of six hours a day would be spent talking, texting
and playing games on their phones.(10) The children could not be separated from their
phones and showed disturbed behaviour that was making them fail at school. They regularly
deceived family members to obtain money to buy phone cards to fund their destructive habit.
There have been other cases of phone addiction like this.
Technology may also be changing our brain patterns. Professor Greenfield, a top
specialist in brain development, says that, thanks to technology, teenage minds are
developing differently from those of previous generations. Her main concern is over
computer games. She claims that living in a virtual world where actions are rewarded
without needing to think about the moral implications makes young people “lose awareness
of who they are”. She claims that technology brings a decline in linguistic creativity.
As technology keeps moving at a rapid pace and everyone clamours for the new must-
have gadget of the moment, we cannot easily perceive the long-term effects on our health.
Unfortunately, it is the most vulnerable members of our society that will be affected.
Questions 1-5. Complete the table below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS
AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.
How MP3 players can threaten health
MP3 player features Harmful results Effects
Problem new………headphones………(1) creates intense sound
A fit inside ears
Problem ………digital music…….…… invites children to increase
B (2) is distortion-free with clear ……….the volume……(3) damage to
quality sound hair cells
Problem capable of producing sound at as loud as a lawnmower or and loss of
C ……120 decibels………(4) chainsaw – over recommended hearing
safe ……decibel level.… …(5)
Questions 6-10. Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in the
passage?
Write YES if the statement agrees with the writer’s views
NO if the statement contradicts the writer’s views
NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this
6. There are considerable benefits to our wireless world. ____yes_______
7. Wireless technology is a permanent part of our lives. ______ yes _____
8. Exposure to EMR can lead to criminal behaviour. _____ng______
9. It is impossible to become obsessed with technology. _______no____
10. Using technology always helps with academic success. ______no_____
PART IV: WRITING
Section 1.
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one
1. I took no notice of the man standing at the gate.
I____didnt pay much attention to____________ the man standing at the gate.

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2. This hotel is inaccessible in winter.
It ___is impossible to get to_________this hotel in winter.
3. The only reason the party was a success was that a famous film star attended.
Had it not __been for the attendance of_________ a famous film star, the party would not
have been a success.
4. Freak weather conditions resulted in the hurricane which devastated the area.
The hurricane which devastated the area ___was a result of_____________ freak weather
conditions.
5. He discontinues his studies because he is poor.
His_poverty prevents him from continuing____________________ his studies.
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one using
between 3 and 6 words including the word given.
1. Would you give us your answer as soon as possible. CONVENIENCE
Please respond ........at your earliest convenience.................................
2. It's one thing to think there's a demand for your product and another to actually make a
sale. WORLD
There's .........a world of difference......................... between thinking there's a demand for
your product and actually making a sale.
3. I'm so sorry, I didn't realise it was so late. TRACK
Sorry, I .............lost track of............................................................... time.
4. The anti-smoking advertisement does not stop people from smoking
INEFFECTIVE
The anti-smoking advertisement is…………ineffective at stopping…..…. people from
smoking.
5. There is a possibility that you may be able to get a grant ELIGIBLE
We are pleased……that you may be eligible for ……………. a grant

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