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Question :

The recommended procedure for preparing a very dilute solution is not to weigh out a very small mass or
measure a very small volume of a stock solution. Instead, it is done by serial dilution. A sample of 0.8214 g
of KMnO4 was dissolved in water and made up to the volume in a 500-mL volumetric flask. A 2.000-mL
sample of this solution was transferred to a 1000-mL volumetric flask and diluted to the mark with water.
Next, 10.00 mL of the diluted solution was transferred to a 250-mL flask and diluted to the mark with water,
(a) Calculate the concentration (in molarity) of the final solution, (b) Calculate the mass of KMnO4 needed
to directly prepare the final solution and comment on why dilute solutions are not typically prepared directly.

Answer :
Step 1
a. First Dilution:

Second Dilution:

M1V1xc2xa0 =xc2xa0 M2V2

(1.0395 xc3x97 10-2 M)(2.000 mL)xc2xa0 = M2(1000 mL)

M2xc2xa0 =xc2xa0 2.079 xc3x97 10-5 M

Third Dilution:

M1V1xc2xa0 =xc2xa0 M2V2

(2.079 xc3x97 10-5 M)(10.00 mL)xc2xa0 =xc2xa0 M2(250.0 mL)

M2xc2xa0 =xc2xa0 8.316xc3x97 10-7 M

Step 2
b. From the molarity and volume of the final solution, we can calculate the moles of KMnO4.xc2xa0 Then,
the mass can be calculated from the moles of KMnO4.

This mass is too small to directly weigh accurately.

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