Writing Task 2: Cause-Problem - Solution: Sample Essay

WRITING TASK 2: CAUSE- PROBLEM- SOLUTION
In the developed world, average life expectancy is increasing.

What problems will this cause for individuals and society?
Suggest some measures that could be taken to reduce the impact of ageing populations.
Sample essay:
It is true that people in industrialised nations can expect to live longer than ever before. Although
there will undoubtedly be some negative consequences of this trend, societies can take
steps to mitigate these potential problems.
As people live longer and the populations of developed countries grow older, several related
problems can be anticipated. The main issue is that there will obviously be more people of retirement
age who will be eligible to receive a pension. The proportion of younger, working adults will be smaller,
and governments will therefore receive less money in taxes in relation to the size of the population. In
other words, an ageing population will mean a greater tax burden for working adults. Further pressures
will include a rise in the demand for healthcare, and the fact young adults will increasingly have to look
after their elderly relatives.
There are several actions that governments could take to solve the problems described
above. Firstly, a simple solution would be to increase the retirement age for working adults,
perhaps from 65 to 70. Nowadays, people of this age tend to be healthy enough to continue a
productive working life. A second measure would be for governments to encourage immigration in
order to increase the number of working adults who pay taxes. Finally, money from national
budgets will need to be taken from other areas and spent on vital healthcare, accommodation and
transport facilities for the rising numbers of older citizens.
In conclusion, various measures can be taken to tackle the problems that are certain to
arise as the populations of countries grow older.
(265 words, band 9, by Simon)
USEFUL STRUCTURES
1/INTRO:
THESIS STATEMENT
- This problem is caused by some factors, and it should be dealt with by some effective/viable
solutions.
- The reasons for this vary, and the problem should be tackled in particular ways.
- There are a host of reasons behind this phenomenon, and several solutions should be adopted to
address this problem.
- The issue stems from/ results from a number of causes to which several solutions will be proposed
in this essay.
- Although there will undoubtedly be some negative consequences/ issues of this trend, societies/
governments can take steps / actions/measures to mitigate/deal with these potential problems.
2/BODY : (lưu ý độ dài paragraph 1 nên tương đương paragraph 2)

CAUSE Paragraph: nêu ra (các) nguyên nhân
● Topic sentence giới thiệu (các) cause: The reason for (sth) is ___________/ X is caused by …..
● Các câu supporting sentences sau diễn giải hoặc liệt kê thêm ra các causes khác.
PROBLEM Paragraph: nêu ra các tác động/ vấn đề
● Câu topic sentence giới thiệu khái quát các kết quả/ vấn đề: Several related problems can be anticipated
when +Clause
● Nói về idea 1: The main/first/most obvious/ most important + issue/problem/matter is that + clause..... In
other words,...
● Nói về idea 2: Another further pressure will include..... | Additional problem(s) is….
● Nói về idea 3: Last but not least,.....
SOLUTION Paragraph: nêu ra các giải pháp
● Câu topic sentence giới thiệu khái/ quát các giải pháp: There are several actions that could be taken to solve/
tackle/ eradicate the problems.
● Nói về idea 1: First, a simple solution would be....... It means that ......
● Nói về idea 2: A second measure would be..... In particular, ......
● Nói về idea 3: Finally,....... For example,...
CONCLUSION: Paraphrase thesis statement và nói tóm tắt, tổng quát các cause - effect - solution.
- In conclusion, A can be ascribed to (number) reasons which are X and Y, and this issue can be dealt
with by a joint effort (nỗ lực chung) of both X’ and Y’
PRACTICE
1.Many employers find that their new employees lack sufficient interpersonal skills such as lack
of ability to work with colleagues as a team. What are the causes? Can you suggest some
possible solutions?
2.The consumption of the world’s resources (oil, and water etc) is increasing at a dangerous
rate. What are the causes and solutions?
3.People today do not feel safe either at home or when they are out.
What are the causes? What are the solutions?
BODY 1: CAUSE
There are several reasons why people are currently encountering many risks no matter where they are.
Firstly, owing to the climate change happening all over the world, people might face the hazard of natural
disaster even when they stay indoors. For instance, Indonesia is severely affected by major volcanic eruptions
which have caused hundreds of deaths every year. Secondly, when being outdoors, people are often exposed to
many types of pollution such as noise or air pollution. This might adversely exert an influence on people’s health
and could even lead to several fatal issues
BODY 2: SOLUTION
topic sentence?
The first measure is to_______________(PHÁT MINH/ TẠO RA) new technologies that can predict and protect
people from the___________(KHỦNG KHIẾP/ NGHIÊM TRỌNG) damage done by natural disasters. For example,
scientists should invent a machine that can ___________(DỰ BÁO) the happenings of volcano eruptions.
(continue writing 2nd solution): 3-4 sentences (pollution) => develop?
CONCLUSION:
In conclusion, the insecure feeling of people nowadays either indoors or outdoors can be ascribed to two main
reasons which are natural disaster and air pollution, and this issue can be dealt with by a joint effort of both
scientists and the government.
Write your own conclusion
4. More and more people are migrating to cities in search of a better life, but city life can be
extremely difficult.
Explain some of the difficulties of living in a city. How can governments make urban life better
for everyone?

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WRITING TASK 2: CAUSE- PROBLEM- SOLUTION

In the developed world, average life expectancy is increasing.

(265 words, band 9, by Simon)

2/BODY : (lưu ý độ dài paragraph 1 nên tương đương paragraph 2)

PROBLEM Paragraph: nêu ra các tác động/ vấn đề

SOLUTION Paragraph: nêu ra các giải pháp

(continue writing 2nd solution): 3-4 sentences (pollution) => develop?

Write your own conclusion

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