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Elements of Design

Anthropic

Uploaded by

Khushi Daxini
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© © All Rights Reserved
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83 views

Elements of Design

Anthropic

Uploaded by

Khushi Daxini
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 18

ELEMENTS OF DESIGN

C H H AT R A PAT I S H I VA J I T E R M I N U S

THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
SEMESTER - IV
E
L
E
M
E
N
T
COLUMNS WALLS
S

O
F

S
P
A
C FLOOR
E
M
A
K
I
N
G
OPENINGS
STAIRCASE

ROOFS
ANALYSIS OF ELEMENTS OF SPACE MAKING OF CHHATRAPATI SHIVAJI
MAHARAJ TERMINUS , MUMBAI

Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, formerly known


as Victoria Terminus, is a historic railway
station and a UNESCO world heritage site.

Location : Mumbai, India


The station was built in Bori Bundar area of
Mumbai to commemorate the Golden
Jubilee of Queen Victoria.
Architect : Frederick William Stevens and
Axel Haig

Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus is an


outstanding example of late 19th Century Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, Mumbai
Railway Architecture in the British Common
Wealth, characterized by Victorian Gothic
Revival and traditional Indian features, as well
as its advanced and structural technical
solutions.

Indo-Saracenic | Victorian Gothic | Neo Classical | Art Deco


ABOUT THE STYLE

The terminus was designed in Victorian Italianate Gothic style adapted to suit
Indian context. The skyline, turrets, arches and eccentric ground plans resemble
to traditional architecture of Indian palaces.
The planform is ‘C’ shaped.
The form is such that the curve opens
towards the road.
FLOOR

1. Floor for differentiating spaces:

Unmodulated floor demarcates spaces


for different activities and can also
differentiate between the interior and
exterior.

2. Floor as movement guide:

The floor accentuates movement


patterns by creating guidelines through
articulations in shapes levels or surface
differentiation by colours and textures.
WALLS

1. Walls as subdivision of spaces:

The walls do not contribute majorly but helps in dividing larger spaces
into smaller pockets in the interior of the structure.
COLUMNS

1. Directionality:

Columns placed linearly guide


direction, thereby establishing an
imaginary plane with consistently
perforated visual features.

2. Rhythm:

Linear repetition of columns gives rise


to rhythm, a sense of continuity.
3. Column as movement guide:

Setting up strong perspectives results into


establishing direction, inviting movement
along them. Here, the arrangement of
columns creates circular movement.

4. Column as image maker:

The style and intricacy, imparts


uniqueness and becomes an image maker.
OPENINGS

1. Penetrability:

As a puncture in barrier plane, the fundamental aspect of door is to provide access .

2. Differentiation:

Door acting as a point where two different realms are separated.


3. Openings as image maker:

It manifests as the most noticeable Element on the façade offering great


potential in creating first impression, providing identity of a place.
WINDOWS

4. Transparency and porosity:


Aperture for light

Illumination of the interiors


with natural lights from the sun
without losing out on the
notion of enclosure of security.

5. Passage for air:

Apart from providing light, the


openings in the wall also allow
the diffusion for fresh air into
the room.

6. Scaling element: 7. Windows as façade 8. Window as image


modulator: maker:
With respect to length, width
spacing, rhythm, stretch and Windows, as elements, Window acting as a
alignment in vertical or which adorn the wall, key element in the
horizontal direction contribute play significant role in visual imagery of the
towards scaling the building façade modulation. building, framing the
mass. façade surfaces.
STAIRS

1. Movement in volume:

The stairs act as negotiation of the vertical displacement


as its oblique components ensures the break up of the
height over a particular horizontal distance.

2. Stairs as aesthetic element:

The stairs here integrates sculptural form due to its


volumetric connection becomes an additional aspect to
treat it as a visual and aesthetic element in composing
space from within or externally as a façade element.

3. Stairs as movement guide:

The junctional position upon the movement path gives a


special reference value to the stairs.
4. Steps as threshold:

As building is raised on the plinth, steps form the


natural link to negotiate these level differences.

5. Stairs as space modulator:

The stair here contain volume within itself


between the inner edges of stair flights within the
stairwell.

6. Ventilation shaft:

The stair cuts across the multiple levels of the


volume creating a vertical shaft penetrating the
entire vertical dimension within the volume all
the way from ground floor to roof.
ROOF
Sectional
The roof is a ribbed dome resting on an elevation of
Dome
octagonal drum.

1. Roof providing shelter:

The basic purpose of any roof is to provide


overhead covering or shelter.
Roof truss

2. Roof as spatial enclosure:

The roof provides an enclosing surface


which defines and limits interior spaces and
demarcates between the notion of in and Details of
out. tower

3. Roof as modulator of volume:

Modulation of the roof profile and height


affords possibility of getting a diversity both
in sizes and shapes. Modulation also helps to
generate subspaces within a larger
continuous space.
4. Roof as encoder of symbol: 5. Roof as image maker:

Since the structure is a combination The roof being the topmost part of
of different styles, the roof form also the edifice, forms the crown, the most
resembles the same. The roof gives conspicuous element in the skyline
identity and leaves strong impression and easily recognisable from the far.
on the visitor. The outer form as well as its height
The sculpture of Victoria on the roof and proportions therefore become
definitely symbolizes strong notions critical in forming an image of the
of that era. structure.
Group Members:

Khushi Daxini
Aditi Itankar
Payal Kshirsagar
Anushka Nagpure

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