St.

Vincent Pallotti
St.Vincent Pallotti College
College of of
Engineering
Engineering and Technology,Nagpur.
And Technology
St.Vincent
St.Vincent Pallotti
Pallotti College
College Of
of Engineering
engineering and and Technology
technology
International Research Journal
Department of Engineering
Of Electrical and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Engineering.
Topic:Power Generation
Volume: 06 Issue: 01 | Jan 2019 from www.irjet.net
Exhaust Gas and Engine Heat using
p-ISSN: TEG
2395-0072
POWER GENERATION FROM EXHAUST GAS &
Group members:
ENGINE
Power Generation HEAT
from USING
Exhaust TEG.
Gas and Engine Heat using TEG
Guided
Guided by: Dr.Kushal
by: Dr. Kanhav
Kushal Kanhav
Ms. Payal N. Ghusalikar1, Mr. kunal S. Landge2, Prof. P.V. Raut3
Group members:
1,2U.G. Student B.E. Electrical Engineering (E&P) & Des’scoet, Dhamangaon rly., maharashtra, India,
1.Mamta Sarkar-17 2.Aditya Sarve-19
3Prof. P. V. Raut Electrical Engineering (E&P) & Des’scoet, Dhamangaon rly., maharashtra, Group no.4India
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Abstract - Most of the vehicles which is commercially considering building combustion exhaust energy recovery
available use internal combustion engines. The ICE engine use systems for vehicles.
only small share of the fuel primary energy converted to
kinetic energy however, majority of fuel primary energy is Heat exchanger to collect the heat from the exhaust
wasted while dissipated in the ambient air as hot exhaust gas are one of the key aspects in waste heat harvesting,
gases and waste heat. The recovery of waste heat gives the where the geometry and assembly position overview and
remarkable potential for improving the efficiency of the ICE analysis will be provided. The TEG output source
system This paper present an overview of the waste heat characteristics and voltage conversion options are discussed
recovery system. Utilizing thermoelectric generators (TEGs) with maximum power point tracking operation specification
and also it provides state of art of current research. This to achieve highest output. In this seminar, examples of the
system provides the direct heat-to-electric energy conversion practical heat recovery systems implemented for different
without moving parts to vehicle and it allows building the vehicles and ICEs are provided.
exhaust energy recovery system. Thermoelectric generator is
one of the method which help to recover waste heat, designing 1.1 Principle behind thermoelectric generator
of thermoelectric generator based on range of temperature.
This paper is based upon the theoretical concept and present An important way of utilizing heat energy in
work improves the efficiency of the existing system by automobiles is to convert heat to electrical energy through a
introducing structural changes in system. convertor. Thermoelectric convertors were made with the
aim to do the same, but application of it in automobiles is not
Keywords- Internal combustion engine; thermoelectric yet undergone. When a heat gradient is applied to a
generator; waste heat; exhaust energy; efficiency. thermoelectric material or convertor, a flow of electrons
from hot side to the cooler side takes place, hence converting
1. INTRODUCTION heat to electrical power. One important reason for it is the
question of feasibility for enough power to do some
While recent developments in electric vehicle deployment functioning in a car, reducing the consumption of
have brought various non-petrol and hybrid vehicles to the rechargeable batteries which consume electric power.
markets, the major share of transportation, especially for
heavy vehicles are still carried out by efficient internal Thermoelectric generators use the simple See beck
combustion engines (ICE). It has been estimated that as little principle which says that:
as 12% of fuel primary energy could be utilized by an ICE Vout = ∫ ( SB – SA ) dT
vehicle in average. Unused energy is in this case dissipated Where,
as heat in exhaust gases (temperatures 300...700ºC) and S is thermo power/Seebeck coefficient of a material.
engine coolant (temperatures 60...100ºC). The The concept of thermo generators is to have two
thermoelectric waste heat energy recovery systems have plates (one hot and other cool) creating a temperature
been shown to be beneficial for a variety of ICEs and vehicles difference having different material on both, to give a high
ranging from motorcycles to heavy cargo trucks. difference in thermo power, then the Vout may be a useful
amount with the high temperature difference this can get
TEG based systems provide a solid-state energy around and away from car engine.
conversion system with least moving parts and complexity,
making them one of the more feasible and reliable options The internal combustion engine energy usage
for waste heat recovery. On the other hand, the TEGs provide profile is then described briefly, followed by exhaust
rather low overall efficiency ratings. To achieve a parameters overview.
noteworthy benefit from added TEG energy recovery system,
many aspects of performance and operation of TEGs needs Heat exchangers to collect the heat from the
to be taken into account when designing such systems. This exhaust gas are one of the key aspects in waste heat
seminar aims to summarize the general outlines of the harvesting. The TEG output source characteristics and
exhaust energy recovery systems build up, basically, the voltage conversion options are discussed with maximum
domestic heating boilers but also stationary ICE power power point tracking operation specification to achieve
production systems would follow the same principles highest output. Seebeck effect, thermoelectric devices can act

© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 236
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 01 | Jan 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

as electrical power generators. A thermoelectric power 2.1 Proposed Model in Automobiles

generator operating based on Seebeck effect.
Thermoelectric generators can be put in the
When electrons are in motion, we have an electrical radiators of the autos. Fuel is continually consuming inside
current usually is the driving force but other forces like the vehicle. A ton of the warmth from this burning goes
temperature difference flow of thermal energy can drive the ideal out the fumes framework. Indoor regulator is set in the
electrons. If the temperature is increases the voltage is also middle of the radiator and the motor of all fluid cooled
increases vice versa in such a way that the other side of vehicle motor framework. It is around 2 crawls in
thermoelectric generator is cold because heat transform is measurement, used to obstruct the stream of coolant to the
uniform then only electron will flow and voltage is radiator till the motor has warmed. Coolant does not move
developed at the output side of the thermoelectric generator. through the motor, when the motor is chilly. At the point
when the motor temperature achieves 2000 F, the indoor
regulator opens. The indoor regulator decreases motor
wear, stores and emanations by giving the motor a chance
to heat up at the earliest opportunity.

2.2 Positioning of the TE Energy Harvesting System and

Cooling

As a rule, 3 areas for vitality reaping framework have been

proposed: behind the ventilation system, among complex
and ctalyst converter, directly after the impetus converter
and at last appeared. For the task of the impetus converter,
the favored area is after the impetus converter, where the
Fig -1: Layout of the Main Components of the fumes temperatures still remain rather high, yet the impetus
Vehicular Exhaust Gas Heat Recovery System with converter activity isn't influenced. As the areas vary by the
Thermoelectric Generator. separation from the motor so do likewise the parameters of
fumes gases that are passing these districts appeared in fig.
2. Thermoelectric Materials 3.

Thermoelectric (TE) impact has been known for just about

200 years (found by Estonian-German physicist Thomas
Seebeck in 1822) and is broadly executed in thermocouples
for temperature estimation. A Seebeck coefficient S is
utilized to determine the electromotive power (emf)
delivered inside the material per unit of temperature
distinction dT between the hot side of the material (Th) and
cool side of the material (Tc) connected.

eTE = α ⋅ T = α (Th− Tc)

Fig -3: Diesel Engine Possible Energy Harvesting Heat

Exchanger Locations for TEG Systems

It must be considered likewise that the warmth

exchanger would cause the weight drop in the warmth
exchanger, yet the decline of temperature of the gas could
likewise prompt volume decline of the fumes leaving the
warmth exchanger. The weight drop has been demonstrated
to shift from 45 to 10 000 Pa and past. It is viewed as very
critical factor in a few workshops and even it is professed to
require mechanical vitality from camshaft to push out the
gases. This can't be concurred with as the weight of the
fumes is high.
Fig -2: Thermoelectric Couple (Top), and 18-Couple TE
Module (Bottom)

© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 237
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 01 | Jan 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

3. Practical Applications Systems”, 25th International Conference on

Thermoelectrics (ICT), 2006, pp. 198 - 203.
"Vitality spared is Energy produced." these are making a
model through this course to change over the waste warmth [6] Lauri Kütt, MattiLehtonen, "Automotive waste heat
vitality of car fumes gases into electrical vitality. In spite of harvesting for electricity generation using
the productivity being somewhat low (between 5-10%), this thermoelectric systems–an overview”, IEEE 5th
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serve some fundamental necessities of a vehicle. Along these
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diesel exhaust waste heat recovery”, Renewable and
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