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Importance of Gene Therapy

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Gene therapy gained a lot of commercial interest in the 1980s.

In part this was because many assumed


such treatment would move swiftly and easily from proof of concept into clinical trials. Such hopes,
however, were dashed following the death of the first patient in a gene therapy trial in 1999. It would
take another decade before optimism about the therapy resurfaced. From 2008 onwards dozens of new
start-ups began to be created around gene therapy. These were founded on the back of sponsorship
from pharmaceutical companies and the stock market. Just how much weight began to be attached to
gene therapy can be seen by the stock market’s valuation of Juno Therapeutics. In 2014, just one year
after Juno was set up, the company was valued at US$4 billion. When the first gene therapy was
approved in the United States there were 854 companies developing such therapies. According to the
Alliance for Regenerative Medicine there were 1085 companies in that space by the end of 2020 and
more than 400 gene therapy trials under way.

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