Name: Score/Mark:

Year and Section: Date:

LEARNING ACTIVITY NO.1

Course NAV 3 Terrestrial and Coastal Navigation 2

1. Updating and Correcting Nautical Charts Notices to Mariner WGS 1984
Datum
Topic 2. Effective Use of Nautical Charts

LO1.3: Update and correct nautical charts

Learning Outcome(s) LO1.4: Practice procedures on the effective use of nautical charts for safe navigation.
Share ideas for improvements on current procedures on nautical charts for safe
navigation

Instructor CM RONNEL P. RAMIREZ

 LESSON MAP

Correcting of Nautical
Chart

Equipment and Notices to Mariners Terms and Symbols Applying Notice to What to do if you
Tools used in and How to Used Used in Updating Mariners Block to have mistake on
Updating Charts them Charts with an Admiralty Chart Correcting
Explanation each Admiralty Chart
I. Correcting of Nautical Chart
The nature of a waterway depicted on a chart can change at any time, and artificial navigational
aids can be changed at any time. As a result, never use old or uncorrected charts for navigation. As
such, the process of updating and correcting a navigation chart is ongoing. Following the publication of
a chart, constantly changing navigational features and aids, as well as other relevant information, must
be promulgated in order to keep ships navigating in those areas up to date. Failure to correct a chart
would be very troublesome. For instance, if in case that you weren’t able to update the chart for your
voyage and it happened that there was a ship wreck in an area, your ship could be aground.
Various Means to update and keep corrected the chart outfit system onboard are: Admiralty
Notices to Mariners, Cumulative List of Notices to marinersls, and Annual Summary of Notices to
Mariners. These Notice to Maariners could either be received in digital form or paper form. We may
access to hydrogrophic office ebsites to get updates. You can go to UKHO and select 'view update list
by chart number' if your computer is turned on. Put the chart number in the box provided, and it will
show you a list of all the corrections made to that chart since its most recent edition was released.
Before we start chart correction, we must first use highlighter pen to highlight the
charts that we have on-board in the correction log (NP133A). Then, we must jot down the
correction log numbers from all ANM’s to be corrected, in ascending number. We have to
remmeber that the charts that we must correct first are those that we are going to use in our
voyage, followed by all of the charts on-board. Then, we must pull out all of the affected charts,
reassure the notice number, and see to it whether the last correction affecting the chart was
already applied at the chart’s bottom left-hand corner.

II. Equipment and Tools used in Updating Charts

0.25 or 0.18 Magenta Pen
The first equipment that we will be using is magenta or violet waterproof permanent
pen. The ink must not blue, black, or red because these inks will not be seen under the red
lighting often used at night. When making updates, a 0.25 nib is ideal for deleting items or
inserting chart limits, among other things. Pens with a 0.18 nib are ideal for writing light
descriptions. It can also be used to remove some items.
Pencil
A 7h pencil can be used on board ships to pinpoint a position. A 2b pencil, on the other
hand, is used for standard chart work, such as a cable guideline.
Eraser or Scalpel
 Rub out pencil guidelines on charts or insertions in the NP133 paper chart maintenance
record with an eraser. A scalpel, on the other hand, can be used to scratch out detail if you
make a mistake.
Glue
A good quality glue will enable you to stick down blocks, notes and tables onto charts it
will provide a neat and permanent fit.
Hacksaw Blade
A hacksaw blade can be used to draw the symbol for a cables of submarines etc. The
blade should have 14 teeth to one inch or 2.5 centimeters.
Rulers, compass, templates
Textual updates can be plotted using rolling, stepping, and parallel rulers. For precise
positioning, dividers are more sensitive. Draw straight guide lines with a 2b pencil and line work
such as leading lines, sectors, and cables using a 12 or 18 inch plastic ruler. It can also be used
to insert deletion lines; however, when drawing large circular areas, a compass with a pen
attachment should be used. A steel straightedge can help you locate a position on a chart. For
drawing symbols, a template with various hole sizes is used.
NP5011
Provides information on the symbols and abbreviations used on ADMIRALTY charts
around the world, as well as international Chart Series Paper Charts. It also includes
hydrography, topography, and navigational aids and services information.

NP 133
It is the paper chart maintenance record listing every chart numerically use the
publication to record updates by their nm number against any chart affected. It's extremely
important to keep an up-to-date record of all updates otherwise you can very easily lose track
and are more likely to miss applying NMS.

III. Notices to Mariners and How to Used them

The Catalogue of Admiralty Charts and Publications is published every year with current
and updated editions of charts, however, if during the year the Weekly Notices to Mariner
indicate any new editions or new charts, they are to be inserted in the chart catalogue by the
navigating officer. A notice to mariners (NOTMAR, or NTM) advises mariners of important
matters affecting navigational safety, including new hydrographic information, changes in
channels and aids to navigation, and other important data.

Before we start chart correction, we must first use highlighter pen to highlight the
charts that we have on-board in the correction log (NP133A). Then, we must jot down the
correction log numbers from all ANM’s to be corrected, in ascending number. We have to
remmeber that the charts that we must correct first are those that we are going to use in our
voyage, followed by all of the charts on-board. Then, we must pull out all of the affected charts,
reassure the notice number, and see to it whether the last correction affecting the chart was
already applied at the chart’s bottom left-hand corner. A small grid can be used to quickly
identify where the update is on the chart; for example, if the cross is in the lower left box, the
update will be in the chart's lower left corner. Before applying any new update, double-check
that the chart already contains the previous one.

After applying an update, write the notice number in the bottom left-hand corner of the
chart using magenta pen to record the completed update. If you're using a year date, underline
it so it doesn't get mixed up with a nm number. Finally, in NP 133 a, use a 2b pencil to cross
through the appropriate nm number to show that the update has been applied.

IV. Terms and Symbols Used in Updating Charts with Explanation each

There are 4 terms and symbols used in updating charts. These are move, insert, replace/amend,
and delete.
Move
Move is the only instruction depicted by an arrow symbol. The feature will be shown in its new
position with the arrow drawn from its existing position. Occasionally features are moved a
short distance from their original position. Draw a small circle at the new position and arrow
the feature to that position
Insert
The feature to be inserted is always depicted in its true position on the tracing. If there is not
enough clear space to insert the feature in its true position (as per the tracing) then the new
feature can be drawn in an open area of the chart and ‘arrowed in’ to a small circle in the
correct position.
Replace/Amend
The new feature will overlay the existing feature to be deleted and is accompanied by ‘in lieu’.
Wherever possible, overwriting of existing information should be avoided. Point symbols (i.e.
depths, buoys, wrecks) should be inserted in a clear space and ‘arrowed’ into position. Legends
may be amended by inserting the new text in clear space adjacent to the existing charted
detail.
Delete
All deletions are depicted by a double strike through line with the deletion symbol annotated
adjacent to. Deletions are made by drawing two straight lines through each piece of text or
feature to be deleted.

V. Applying Notice to Mariners Block to an Admiralty Chart

Block Corrections are small chartlets that contain detailed or complex chart correction
data that is difficult to describe textually. The images are cut out and pasted onto the chart. Any
blocks printed with a color inkjet printer should be laquer sprayed to prevent the image from
being accidentally erased with an eraser
Blocks do not have tracings, but the textual NMS will provide you with a central
position. Begin by placing the block on a flat surface, ready for cutting out. Blocks must have at
least 5 millimeters of coverage within the boundary, with no new or deleted information. Using
a parallel steel rule and a scalpel, carefully cut out the block, removing the enclosing black
border line while staying within the 5 millimeter overlap. Now with a magenta pen, check the fit
for applying the block to the chart within the block area in case the block peels off, then apply
adhesive to the block, place the block in position, and press firmly down once complete,
double-check that the block position is correct and that no information has been missed, and
finally add the nm update number to the charts notices to Mariners section in the bottom left
corner of the chart.
Take note that international paper size A4, thickness/weight 80 gsm paper is the
minimum paper specification for printing Colour NM Blocks. (This is the same paper that was
used in the printed Monthly NM booklet for the NM Blocks.) Observation: (Ensure the paper
quality is in accordance with the Printer manufacturers specifications).
VI. What to do if you have mistake on Correcting Admiralty Chart

If you make a mistake while applying a nm, you can use an eraser to erase pencil markin
gs or a scalpel to scratch out pen markings. Never use correcting fluid when updating charts bec
ause it can crack and peel off, allowing previously deleted data to reappear. Instead, aim for the 
best possible draftsmanship so that you and others can read the information clearly.Most impor
tantly, all positions must be exact depths, with clear legends and legible descriptions.
To ensure that these standards are met, you should have a documented and auditable
set of procedures in place. This should include spot checks carried out by your colleagues for
more information and assistance with updating your charts. look at the publication NP to 9 for
information on how to keep your admiralty products current.

FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT:

I. Essay (20 pts)

Make an essay/reflection paper on for improvements on current procedures on nautical charts for safe
navigation. Make it personal by sharing your ideas.

As we all know, one of the most basic tools available to a mariner is a nautical chart. It's
a diagram that shows how the shoreline and seafloor are connected. Water depths, dangers to
navigation locations, aids to navigation locations and characteristics, anchorages, and other
features are all included.

Paper charts have always been used in the past. Nonetheless, electronic charts are the
next generation of navigational charts, with paper charts being relegated in the background. This,
however, is not always the case. Many areas of the world have yet to be covered by vector
charts, necessitating the use of raster charts. A suitable portfolio of up-to-date paper charts
should be carried as a backup arrangement in such a situation. ENCs automate the process of
integrating real-time positions with the chart display, allowing the vessel's position and safety to
be continuously monitored.

Given how crucial charts are onboard, it is critical to keep your charts up to date. If a
buoy has moved or a new obstruction has appeared, you must be aware of it before approaching
it. Failure to update it would be disastrous, so mariners must always check it’s latest update and
perform chart corrections as soon as possible. To effectively use the ECDIS, the navigating
officer must understand how to order the charts for the intended voyage, as well as the means
and methods available to keep them updated. To check the current updates, navigators must go to
the UKHO website, or scan the chart’s QR code. As for paper charts, there are Notice to
Mariners that you may consult. Iff there is an update, manually perform chart correction.
 Since most of the time, navigators have to manually update charts, there’s a possibility
that a human error would be an obstacle. Humans could be subjected in stress ad fatigue that
would make them neglect the proper chart correction and update. As such, I believe that the
marine industry needs a system that could automatically update the charts that you will be
needing for a voyage, just like WAZE and other satellite navigation software for mobile phones
and computers. If a system like this were to be invented, then seafarers can focus in other jobs
that require more time and effort. This system won’t just boost the safety, but also the efficiency.

II. Video Reporting (100 points)

Make an partner/individual video reporting on the topic given in this link: (181) How to update
ADMIRALTY Standard Nautical Charts (SNCs) - YouTube. Topic 1 and Topic 2 will be by partner and the
rest will be by individual. Upload your videos at NEO-LMS.

STUDENT REFLECTION
Write a min. of 300-word Reflective Learning Report. You may refer to the guide questions
below. Write legibly and submit your work at the end of week 1.

Guide questions:
1. Think about what you have done.
Share your thoughts from different perspectives, what transpired during your activities, and
evaluate your actions.

2. Think about what happened.

What you did and what didn't work.

3. Analyze what happened.

Explain what your learnings are and your difficulties and make a plan on how you would
improve.
 STUDENT REFLECTION

Under the guidance and instruction of CM Ronnel P. Ramirez, I learned a lot. We were
able to know how to update and correct nautical charts. We were also able to hone our
knowledge about the practice procedures on the effective use of nautical charts for safe
navigation.
For this week’s discussions, the topics that we have covered are as follows: Equipment
and Tools used in Updating Charts, Notices to Mariners and How to Used them, Terms and
Symbols Used in Updating Charts, Applying Notice to Mariners Block to an Admiralty Chart,
Steps to take if you have mistake on Correcting Admiralty Chart.
I learned that the nature of a waterway depicted on a chart can change at any time, and
artificial navigational aids can be changed at any time. As a result, never use old or uncorrected
charts for navigation. As such, the process of updating and correcting a navigation chart is
ongoing. Following the publication of a chart, constantly changing navigational features and
aids, as well as other relevant information, must be promulgated in order to keep ships
navigating in those areas up to date. Failure to correct a chart would be very troublesome. For
instance, if in case that you weren’t able to update the chart for your voyage and it happened
that there was a ship wreck in an area, your ship could be aground.
Various Means to update and keep corrected the chart outfit system onboard are:
Admiralty Notices to Mariners, Cumulative List of Notices to marinersls, and Annual Summary
of Notices to Mariners. These Notice to Maariners could either be received in digital form or
paper form. We may access to hydrogrophic office ebsites to get updates. You can go to UKHO
and select 'view update list by chart number' if your computer is turned on. Put the chart
number in the box provided, and it will show you a list of all the corrections made to that chart
since its most recent edition was released.
Some of the equipment that could be used when correcting charts are magenta
correction pens, rulers, divider, eraser, pencil, and glue/adhesive. When performing chart
correction, you may encounter the terms insert, amend, delete, and move. Before we start
chart correction, we must first use highlighter pen to highlight the charts that we have on-
board in the correction log (NP133A). Then, we must jot down the correction log numbers from
all ANM’s to be corrected, in ascending number. We have to remmeber that the charts that we
must correct first are those that we are going to use in our voyage, followed by all of the charts
on-board. Then, we must pull out all of the affected charts, reassure the notice number, and
see to it whether the last correction affecting the chart was already applied at the chart’s
bottom left-hand corner. A small grid can be used to quickly identify where the update is on the
chart; for example, if the cross is in the lower left box, the update will be in the chart's lower
left corner. Before applying any new update, double-check that the chart already contains the
previous one.

After applying an update, write the notice number in the bottom left-hand corner of the
chart using magenta pen to record the completed update. If you're using a year date, underline
it so it doesn't get mixed up with a nm number. Finally, in NP 133 a, use a 2b pencil to cross
through the appropriate nm number to show that the update has been applied.

All in all, the entire week was tiresome yet meaningful. I am very thankful to our instructor
because he really put a lot of effort in teaching us in such a way that we can understand easier. He
prepared a lot of videos that are really educational. I did my best to understand the topics to the best
of my abilities. I actively participated during the class discussion because I am really eager to learn. I
am looking forward fr our next class discussion.