Indonesia's Foreign Policy in Perspective of Constructivism

用建構主義的角度分析一國外交政策雷瞿溫 A9234643
Indonesia’s Foreign Policy in Perspective of Constructivism

The implementation of Indonesia's foreign policy can be seen in Indonesia's involvement in the
tragedy that occurred in the Rakhine State.
Rakhine State, which is a state of Myanmar, which used to be called the Arakan kingdom and the
Rohingya are indigenous people in the Arakan region, where violence against the Rohingya has
become an international public conversation. This violence carried out by the Buddhist Rakhine
State group to the Rohingya ethnicity whose existence is not accepted by Myanmar as a result of
which this ethnic group does not have citizenship and nationality.
This violence worsened when the Myanmar government gave permission for military intervention.
As a result, violence, riots, even massacres carried out by them against the Rohingya ethnic groups
carried out by military groups in Rakhine State.
The impact of this incident was the mobilization of the Rohingya ethnic who fled to other countries,
especially in the Southeast Asian region. This tragedy is compounded by the issue of violence caused
by religious issues involving Muslims vs. Buddhists. This ethnic becomes a minority as a result of
oppression, violence, intimidation is not a taboo between the majority and the minority. This is in
line with the impact of the undemocratic system of government in a country that will determine the
policy-making process that will be carried out.
On the other hand, Indonesia is famous for its free and active politics and upholds justice, and
Indonesia is highly regarded in ASEAN, besides that Indonesia also wants to open their relations with
other countries. So that Indonesia become the most appropriate actor in dealing with the current
situation. Indonesia is known to have a close relationship with the Myanmar government so that
this can be used as a persuasive medium to deal with the Rohingya case fairly and peacefully.
The focus of this paper is to analyse Indonesia's foreign policy model by taking a constructivist
perspective. This approach will serve as an analytical knife in the implementation of Indonesia's
foreign policy. So that there will be a correlation in the analysis of Indonesia's foreign policy theory
using a constructivist approach. Post-positivist thinking such as Constructivist theory tends to be
new in the study of International Relations which only developed in the 2000s in Indonesia. Figures
such as Nicholas Onuf are early constructivist thinkers who originated in North America in the 1980s.
Constructivist thought provides the basic argument "Humans always construct, or shape, social
reality, even themselves."
Furthermore, this paper is focused on dissecting the Rohingya issue that is happening in Myanmar.
In constructivism point of view, this event will be seen as a construction where there will be an
identity approach as a symbolic interaction. This identity will determine the behaviour of the actor
in determining his actions.
ASEAN has mutually agreed on the norms that form the basic foundation of countries in providing
humanitarian intervention. This means that actions are based on regional and domestic identity
cosmopolitanism, so that ultimately the identity approach always prioritizes thinking awareness in
the form of similar ideas which are articulated through language and communication. This is the
instrument in dealing with the problem of the Rohingya, which is then called diplomacy.
In consequence, Indonesia's involvement as a democratic country needs to be appreciated
as a form of implementation of Indonesian Foreign Policy by using strategy and accommodation.
Therefore, this event will raise the image of Indonesia as a superior mediator country in creating
world peace in accordance with its constitution. This event will make Indonesia a country that has
superior diplomacy qualities and is taken into account in the international world.
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用建構主義的角度分析一國外交政策雷瞿溫 A9234643
Source:
https://www.aa.com.tr/en/asia-pacific/indonesia-offers-formula-to-end-myanmar-violence/901226
https://www.thejakartapost.com/seasia/2020/09/11/indonesia-appeals-for-end-to-rohingya-
crisis.html
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.voanews.com/amp/indonesia-urging-myanmar-to-prevent-
further-rakhine-violence/4014070.html
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructivism_(philosophy_of_education)
https://www.buffalo.edu/catt/develop/theory/constructivism.html
https://www.e-ir.info/2011/02/03/constructivism-an-introduction/

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用建構主義的角度分析一國外交政策雷瞿溫 A9234643