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    Divide and Rule

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    kiran shahzadi
    The document discusses the formation of the All India Muslim League in 1906 and Britain's "divide and rule" strategy in India. It states that Britain began dividing Muslims and Hindus in the late 19th century in order to weaken opposition to British rule. In 1905, the partition of Bengal along religious lines was announced to give opportunities to Muslims and weaken Hindus. While the partition was rescinded in 1911, Britain continued its strategy of divide and rule, which led to the formation of the Muslim League in 1906 with the stated goal of promoting loyalty to Britain. The League initially consisted of wealthy Muslim landlords and supported British policies like the partition of Bengal.

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    Divide and Rule

    Uploaded by

    kiran shahzadi
    189 views2 pages
    The document discusses the formation of the All India Muslim League in 1906 and Britain's "divide and rule" strategy in India. It states that Britain began dividing Muslims and Hindus in the late 19th century in order to weaken opposition to British rule. In 1905, the partition of Bengal along religious lines was announced to give opportunities to Muslims and weaken Hindus. While the partition was rescinded in 1911, Britain continued its strategy of divide and rule, which led to the formation of the Muslim League in 1906 with the stated goal of promoting loyalty to Britain. The League initially consisted of wealthy Muslim landlords and supported British policies like the partition of Bengal.

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    The document discusses the formation of the All India Muslim League in 1906 and Britain's "divide and rule" strategy in India. It states that Britain began dividing Muslims and Hindus in the late 19th century in order to weaken opposition to British rule. In 1905, the partition of Bengal along religious lines was announced to give opportunities to Muslims and weaken Hindus. While the partition was rescinded in 1911, Britain continued its strategy of divide and rule, which led to the formation of the Muslim League in 1906 with the stated goal of promoting loyalty to Britain. The League initially consisted of wealthy Muslim landlords and supported British policies like the partition of Bengal.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    189 views2 pages

    Divide and Rule

    Uploaded by

    kiran shahzadi
    The document discusses the formation of the All India Muslim League in 1906 and Britain's "divide and rule" strategy in India. It states that Britain began dividing Muslims and Hindus in the late 19th century in order to weaken opposition to British rule. In 1905, the partition of Bengal along religious lines was announced to give opportunities to Muslims and weaken Hindus. While the partition was rescinded in 1911, Britain continued its strategy of divide and rule, which led to the formation of the Muslim League in 1906 with the stated goal of promoting loyalty to Britain. The League initially consisted of wealthy Muslim landlords and supported British policies like the partition of Bengal.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
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    Formation of All India

    Muslim League
    • Critical View
    The main instruments of British rule in India were the army and
    the civil service. The Indian army was vital for both internal and
    external reasons.

    At the time of the mutiny the British army in India was made up of
    34,000 Europeans and 257,000 Indians. Following the mutiny, the
    proportion of Europeans was increased Attempts were made to
    prevent the communal unity seen in 1857.

    The tactic of dividing Muslims from Hindus began at the end of


    the 19th century but crystallised further at the start of the 20th
    century

    In 1905 the British announced the partition of the province of


    Bengal, justifying it on administrative grounds. Home secretary to
    the government of India, H Risley, summed up his view:

    Bengal united is a power; Bengal divided will pull in several


    different ways...one of our main objects is to split up and thereby
    weaken a solid body of opponents to our rule...A separate
    administration, a separate high court and a separate university at
    Dacca would give extra opportunities to the Muslim middle class
    to emerge from their backward state and weaken the economic
    base of the Hindu middle classes. The Hindu zamindari patrons to
    the Congress would find the Muslim peasantry ranged against
    them, secure in the support of the Dacca Secretariat. It would
    divide the nationalist ranks once and for all.18
    Britain was forced to rescind the partition of the province in 1911
    to an avalanche of enthusiasm and rising national consciousness.
    But it did not abandon its overall strategy of divide and rule. One
    of the fruits of its manoeuvring was the formation of the Muslim
    League in 1906. Its objectives included: 'to promote loyalty to the
    British government, to protect and advance the political rights and
    interests of Mussalmans of India and respectfully represent their
    needs and aspirations to government'.19 The League began
    declaring that the partition of Bengal was beneficial to Muslims, it
    condemned agitation such as boycotts and it stressed the
    contribution it could play in 'the defence of the empire'.20

    The League was initially made up of the wealthy Muslim


    landlords, mainly from the United Provinces in north India. Its
    local bodies were headed by wealthy landlords or conservative
    Muslim intellectuals.

    The British extended the scope and nature of elections in 1909,


    under the combined pressure of the movement from below and
    their recognition of the need to win the cooperation of a larger
    layer of Indians. At the same time they introduced one of the
    League's most central demands: separate electorates for Muslims
    and Hindus at the provincial level. It turned 'Muslim' and 'Hindu'
    into political categories in a way they had not been before.
    Income and educational qualifications for Muslim voters were
    considerably lower than for other groups. And as the franchise
    was slowly extended, politicians were encouraged to see
    themselves as the representative of a particular group and to
    court support on that basis.

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