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    Chapter 9

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    saakittu
    The document discusses adaptations of living organisms to different habitats. It provides examples of how plants and animals in deserts, mountains, grasslands, aquatic environments, and other habitats are adapted to survive. Key adaptations include physical traits like stems and leaves that reduce water loss in desert plants, thick fur and strong hooves in mountain animals, and webbed feet in frogs. The document also addresses the differences between biotic and abiotic environment components and defines important terms like stimuli, excretion, and acclimatization.

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    Chapter 9

    Uploaded by

    saakittu
    106 views7 pages
    The document discusses adaptations of living organisms to different habitats. It provides examples of how plants and animals in deserts, mountains, grasslands, aquatic environments, and other habitats are adapted to survive. Key adaptations include physical traits like stems and leaves that reduce water loss in desert plants, thick fur and strong hooves in mountain animals, and webbed feet in frogs. The document also addresses the differences between biotic and abiotic environment components and defines important terms like stimuli, excretion, and acclimatization.

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    The document discusses adaptations of living organisms to different habitats. It provides examples of how plants and animals in deserts, mountains, grasslands, aquatic environments, and other habitats are adapted to survive. Key adaptations include physical traits like stems and leaves that reduce water loss in desert plants, thick fur and strong hooves in mountain animals, and webbed feet in frogs. The document also addresses the differences between biotic and abiotic environment components and defines important terms like stimuli, excretion, and acclimatization.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    106 views7 pages

    Chapter 9

    Uploaded by

    saakittu
    The document discusses adaptations of living organisms to different habitats. It provides examples of how plants and animals in deserts, mountains, grasslands, aquatic environments, and other habitats are adapted to survive. Key adaptations include physical traits like stems and leaves that reduce water loss in desert plants, thick fur and strong hooves in mountain animals, and webbed feet in frogs. The document also addresses the differences between biotic and abiotic environment components and defines important terms like stimuli, excretion, and acclimatization.

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    of 7

    Chapter 9: Living Organisms And Their Surroundings

    NCERT Text Book Questions:

    1. How are the cactus adapted to survive in a desert?

    • They lose very little water through transpiration


    • Leaves are present in the shape of spines
    • They have roots that grow very deep into the soil for absorbing water

    2. Give an example of a non-living thing, which shows any characteristics of living


    things.

    A. A cloud is a non-living thing which moves in sky and also increase in size.

    Cars and bicycles also move.

    3. Explain why speed is important for survival in the grasslands of animals that live
    there. ( Hint: There are few trees or places for animals to hide in grasslands
    habitats.)

    A. The speed is important for survival in the grasslands because there are few
    trees or places for animals to hide in grasslands habitats.

    Test your memory using 3R's (Recap, Revise, Represent)

    1. Write about adaptations of animals in the deserts?

    ( Key words: 1. Long legs 2. Heat, burrow, 3. Dung-dry, 4. No sweat)

    A. Camel:

    • Camel has long legs which helps to keep their bodies away from the
    heat of the sand.
    • They excrete small amount of urine
    • Their dung is dry and they do not sweat
    Rats and Snakes:
    • To stay away from the heat of sand they burrow themselves in the
    sand during day time and come out at night time.
    2. Write about adaptations of plants in the deserts? (Key words: 1. Transpiration 2.
    Leaves 3. Photosynthesis 4. Thick waxy layer 5. Roots deep into the soil)

    • Desert plants lose very little water through transpiration


    • Leaves are either absent or very small or present in the shape of spines
    • The leaf like structure in cactus is stem
    • Photosynthesis takes place in the stem
    • To retain water the stem is covered with a thick waxy layer
    • They have roots that grow very deep into the soil for absorbing water

    3. Write about adaptations of trees in mountain regions?( Key words: 1. Cone


    shaped 2. Slopy branches 3. Leaves- needle like)

    • The trees are normally cone shaped and have slopy branches.
    • The leaves of the some of the trees are needle like so that the rain water and
    snow slide off easily.

    4. Write about adaptations of animals in mountain regions?

    (Key words: 1. Thick skin 2. Fur 3. Long hair 4. Strong hooves)

    • The animals in the mountain regions have thick skin or fur or have long hair
    to keep them warm.
    • Snow leopard has thick fur on its body including feet and toes to protect
    from cold.
    • Mountain goat has strong hooves for running up the rocky mountains.

    5. Write about adaptations of animals in grasslands?

    ( Key words: Lion- colour-eyes 2. Deer-teeth-long ears-eyes)

    Lion:

    • The light brown colour of the lion helps it to hide in dry grasslands during
    hunting.
    • The eyes in front of the face allow it to have a correct idea about the location
    of the prey.
    Deer:

    • The deer has strong teeth for chewing hard plant stems in the forest.
    • It has long ears to hear movement of the predators so that it can run away .
    • The eyes on the either side of the head allow it to look in all directions for
    danger.

    6. Write about adaptations of animals in aquatic habitats?

    (Key words: Stream lined body 2. Stay-deeper 3. Gills 4. Nostrils, blow holes)

    Squids and Octopus:

    • They do not have streamlined shape.


    • They stay deeper in the ocean and hold in the same place.
    • When they move in water they make their body shape streamlined.

    Whales and Dolphins:

    • They breathe air with the nostrils or blow holes.


    • They can stay for a long time inside water without breathing.
    • They come out to the surface to breathe.

    7. Write about adaptations of plants in ponds and lakes?

    ( Key words:1. Roots-soil-below water 2. Reduced in size 3. Stems-long, hollow,


    light 4. Surface of water 5. float 6. submerged plants)

    Roots:

    • Some plants have roots fixed in the soil below the water.
    • Roots are much reduced in size and their main function is to hold the plant in
    place.

    Stems:

    • Stems of these plants are long, hollow and light.


    • The stems grow up to the surface of water.
    • The leaves and flowers float on the surface of water.
    Submerged aquatic plants:

    • All the parts of these plants are submerged inside water.


    • Some of them have narrow and thin ribbon like leaves.
    • In submerged plants leaves are highly divided.

    8. Write the adaptations of frogs? ( Key words: 1. Inside -outside 2. Leaping-


    catching 3. Webbed feet)

    • Frogs stay both inside as well as outside the pond


    • They have strong back legs that help them in leaping and catching their prey.
    • They have webbed feet which help them to swim in water.
    Fill in the blanks:
    a. Trees in the mountainous habitat are cone shaped.
    b. Photosynthesis in cactus plants is carried out by stem.
    c. Dolphins and whales do not have gills. They breathe through their
    blowholes.
    d. Frogs have webbed feet that help them to swim.
    e. Changes in our surroundings that make us respond to them are called
    stimuli.

    2. What is habitat? How is it important for an organism?

    A. The surroundings where organisms live is called a habitat. The organisms


    depends up on the habitat for food, water, shelter, air and other needs.

    3. Give two examples of animals that live in:

    a. An ocean dolphin, whale.


    b. Desert Camel, rat, snake.
    c. Grassland lion, deer.
    d. Ponds fish, frog.
    e. Mountains yak, snow leopard, mountain goat.
    4. Differentiate between the following:

    i.

    Terrestrial habitats Aquatic habitats


    The habitat of an organism on land is The habitat of an organism in water is
    called terrestrial habitat. called aquatic habitat.
    Ex: Forest, deserts Ex: Ponds, lakes
    ii.

    Biotic components Abiotic components


    The living things in a habitat are called The non-living things in a habitat are
    biotic components. called biotic components.
    Ex: Plants and animals Ex: Rocks, sun light and air
    5. Define excretion. How do plants excrete?

    A. The process of getting rid of wastes by the living organisms is known as


    excretion.

    Some plants store the waste products within their parts

    Some remove waste waste products as secretions.

    6. Name two methods by which animals reproduce. Give examples

    A. Animals reproduce by the following methods

    Some animals reproduce by laying eggs.

    Ex: Hen, duck, tortoise.

    Some animals reproduce by giving birth to the young ones.

    Ex: Dog, cat, elephant.

    7. Name two methods by which plants reproduce. Give examples.

    A. Plants reproduce by the following methods

    Plants produce seeds which can germinate and grow into new plants. Ex: Mango,
    guava.
    Some plants also reproduce through parts other than seeds.

    Ex: A part of a potato with a bud grows into a new plant.

    8. What is meant by stimuli? Give examples of some stimuli and their


    corresponding responses in plants and animals.

    A. Changes in our surroundings that makes us to respond to them are called


    stimuli.

    Ex: 1. Wild animals run away when bright light is flashed towards them

    2. In lotus plants the flowers close after sunset.

    3. In mimosa the leaves close or fold when someone touches them.

    9. What is acclimatisation?

    A. Small changes that takes place in the body of a single organism over a short
    period to overcome small problems due to changes in surroundings is called
    acclimatisation.

    Higher Order Thinking Skills Questions (HOTS):

    1. Which of the following is non-living?

    Rabbit, Bacteria. Television, Algae

    A. Television

    2. Which of the following is a biotic component?

    Sunlight, Air, Plant, Soil, Water

    A. Plant

    3. Plants generally do not move from one place to another like non-living objects.
    Then why do we consider them living? Give two important characteristics of plants
    to prove that they are living.
    A. Plants generally do not move from one place to another like non-living objects
    even then we consider them as living because they shows growth, they respond to
    stimuli, they excrete and they reproduce.

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