Mai Lan Huong 12

MỤC LỤC
UNIT 1 HOME LIFE

UNIT 2 CULTURAL DIVERSITY
UNIT 3 WAYS OF SOCIALISING
TEST YOURSELF
UNIT 4 SCHOOL EDUCATION SYSTEM
UNIT 5 HIGHER EDUCATION
UNIT 6 FUTURE JOBS
TEST YOURSELF
UNIT 7 ECONOMIC REFORMS
UNIT 8 LIFE IN THE FUTURE
FIRST-SEMESTER EXAMINATION
UNIT 9 DESERTS
UNIT 10 ENDANGERED SPECIES.....
UNIT 11 BOOKS
TEST YOURSELF
UNIT 12. WATER SPORTS
UNIT 13 THE 22ND SEA GAMES
UNIT 14 INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
TEST YOURSELF
UNIT 15 WOMAN IN SOCIETY
UNIT 16 THE ASSOCIATION OF SOUTHEAST ASEAN NATIONS
SECOND-SEMESTER. EXAMINATION
ĐỀ THI TỐT NGHIỆP THPT NĂM 2013 và 2014
ĐÁP ÁN
UNIT 1: HOME LIFE
I. Write /s/, /z/ or /iz/ to show how the -s ending is pronounced.
1. potatoes 11. caves 21. Learns II. C
2. rubs 12. plays 22. Stops om
ple
3. cooks 13. maps 23. Digs te
4. rises 14. flats 24. churches
5. clothes 15. bathes 25. comes
6. lengths 16. baths 26. Rose’s
7. calculates 17. stages 27. Daniel’s
8. reads 18. wears ’ 28. Frank’s
9. massages 19. thanks 29. Elizabeth’s
10. laughs 20. coughs 30. Smith’s
each of the following sentences with an appropriate word from the box.
frankly shifts mischief chores confidence trick
leftovers hands close-knit laboratory
1. I come from a______________family; we never keep secrets from one another.
2. Spoiled children are often up to ___________________
3. The more he fails, the more he loses________________in his abilities.
4. are the uneaten edible remains of a meal after the meal is over.
5. She speaks ________________about her broken-heart when love affairs fail.
6. It would be nice if we can join _______________to celebrate Valentine's Day.
7. Men do roughly 20 percent of household_______like laundry and cleaning.
8. The thought of working night ________________put her off becoming a nurse.
9. Typical pharmaceutical scientists spend most of their time in a___________.
10. He didn't really have a serious accident - that's just a _________
III. Fill in each blank with the correct form of the word in brackets.
0. This insurance plan offers __________________ your family financial in the event of your
death, (secure)
11.
1. She is a very_________woman. She is always helpful and sympathetic toward other people,
(care)
2. If you continue to ______________the rules, you will be punished. (obedient) →to obey (v)
3. She was unable, or ____________to give me further detail. (will) → willing (a) → willingness
(n)
4. She has been___________ involved in many human rights campaign. (act) → activity (n) →
activist (n) → action (n) → active (adj)
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5. They were seeking an ultimate__________to the city’s traffic probles. (solve) → solution (n)
→ solvable (a) → unsolvable (a)
6. The electric company admitted their ___________for the blackores. (respond) → respondance
(n)
7. My family has always been very __________________of what I do. (support)
8. Students now live with a lot of____________________from their studies, (to press) → pressure
(n)
9. Boys are considered more ________________, and stubborn than girl. (mischief) →
mischievous (n)
III. Complete the sentence, using either the past simple or past progressive of the verbs in
parentheses.
1. When Mrs. Chu ______ (hear) a strange noise, she ______ (get) up to investigate.
2. I ____________ (not hear) the thunder during the storm last night because
I _____________ (sleep).
3. At eight o’clock last night, I__________ (practice) the piano.
4. When I _________ (be) a child, we __________ (make) our own amusement
5. It _______ (happen) while I _______________(live) in Eastbourne last year.
6. I ___________ (live)in London for ten years before I ________ (become) a student.
7. As I (walk) down the road, I ____________ (see) Bill.
8. I got a package in the mail. When I _________ (open) it, I __________ (find) a surprise.
9. While Jane __________ (wash) the dishes, her brothers _____________ (watch) television.
10. I ________ (rewind) the rented video before I________ (return) it to the store yesterday.
11. When he realized I ________________ (look) at him, he _______ (turn) away.
12. Richard ______________ (live) in Chicago for five years when his company _________
(transfer) him to New York.
13. He usually wears sandals but when I last__________ (see) him he _________ (wear) boots.
14. I was alone in the house at that time because Mr. Jones__________________(work) in the
garage and Mrs. Jones________________(shop)
15. Jane_________ (meet) her husband while she _________ (study) law at Harvard.
IV. Underline the correct answer.
1. On my last visit to Wixton I found that the village hadn’t changed /didn’t change much.
2. Mark has taken / took many trips to Asia since he has started / started his own import-export
business.
3. When I was introduced to Carol, I was sure that I had met / met her before.
4. Argentina has won / won the World Cup in 1986 for the second time since the cup was / has
been first awarded in 1930.
5. When the teacher had come/ came in, all the students had stood / stood up.
6. By the time Jackson had arrived / arrived to help, we had already finished / already finished
moving everything.
7. I can’t come to your party because I broke / have broken my leg.
8. As soon as I had turned / turned the ignition key, the engine had caught / caught fire.
9. When they got / had got married, they knew / had known each other for 15 years.
10. My brother has written / wrote several plays. He has just finished / just finished his second
tragedy.
11. The apartment was hot when I had got / got home, so I had turned / turned on the air
conditioner.
12. Ann has started / started a letter to her parents last week, but she still hasn’t finished / didn’t
finish it.
13. I knew / have known Tim when he was a child, but I didn’t see / haven’t seen him for many
years.
14. It was the fifth time she asked / had asked me the same question.
15. I have read / read his books when I has been / was at school. Have you ever read / Did you ever read his
books?
V. Complete the sentences with the correct form or tense of the verbs in brackets.
1. When Glen__________ (open) the book, some pages ____________ (fall) out.
2. Since she __________ (work) at the company she ________________ (not have) a day off
through illness.
3. It was the first, time I __________________ (talk) to Ellaoutside the office.
4. My boss__________ (come) into the office just as I_____________ (show) holiday photos.
5. Mozart_____________(die) while he _______(compose) the Requiem.
6. At the time of the robbery, they_____________ (stay) with my parents.
7. Mr. Count__________ (work) as a cashier for twenty-five years. Then he
________________(retire) and___________(go) to live in the country.
8. The pollution problem____________________(get) worse over the last decade.
9. I _________________ (not/ see) Jane for ages. When I last _________ (see) her, she
__________ (try) to find a job.
10. In a surprise move, the Prime Minister ___________ (resign) last night.
11. Alexander Graham Bell _______ (already/ invent) the telephone by the time I was born.
12. That’s the first time I_________________ (see) Jan looks embarrassed.
13. I didn’t know who she was. I___________(never/ see) her before.
14. I (buy) a new alarm clock the other day in Taylor’s the jewelers, when I actually (see)
somebody shoplifting.
15. I (not like) having Sam for my roommate last year. He
___________ (always/ leave) dirty clothes on the foor.
VI. Are the underlined parts of these sentences right or wrong? Correct them where
necessary.
1. Carla has not seen snow before coming to New York.
→ Carla hadn’t seen snow…
2. David ate in this restaurant several times.
3. I have met Abdul in my first English class last June. We are friends since that day.
4. Since I came to this country, I was learning a lot about the way of living here.
5. In the early part of last week, Americans everywhere have gone to the polls to vote.
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6. We thought that our original plan was a good one, but we modified it a great deal over the past
few weeks.
7. While I was surfing the net yesterday, I was finding a really interesting website.
8. Since it was invented in 1879, the light bulb became indispensable in American household.
9. When I am writing, my composition last night, someone knocks on the door.
10. By the time I got to the party, most people went home.
VII. Complete each of these sentences with an appropriate preposition.
1. Will you take responsibility arranging the food?
2. As I am now in my final year _________the secondary school, I am__________a
lot of study pressure.
3. Can you give me a hand___________ loading the van?
4. We are a very close-knit family and very supportive ______________one another.
5. Please will you all join__________ _______ me singing the national anthem.
6. Whenever problems come__________, we discuss them frankly and find solutions quickly.
7. Women’s responsibility is to look __________________the family.
8. The children are very excited ___________________their camping holiday.
9. Responsibility is shared ___________________parents and teachers.
10. She has every confidence________________ her students’ abilities.
VIII. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first.
1. Steve started working for this company five years ago.
Steve has_________________________________________________________
2. Do you have any experience of driving this kind of car?
Have you_______________________________________________________________
3. When she heard the results, Mary began to feel more confident.
Since_______________________________________________________________
4. Nancy hasn’t come since 1999.
The last time_________________________________________________________
5. During my dinner, the phone rang.
While_______________________________________________________________
6. David left the party before we arrived there.
When_______________________________________________________________
7. We haven’t gone to a concert for ages.
It’s_________________________________________________________________
8. Sarah hasn’t seen her friends since she left for the United States.
Sarah last____________________________________________________________
9. I had never stayed in such an expensive hotel before last June.
This was the 1st time______________________________________________________
10. In the middle of our sleep there were a knock at the door.
When_______________________________________________________________
11. My wait for a bus has lasted thirty minutes so far. (so far = up to now)
I___________________________________________________________________
12. Mozart wrote more than 600 pieces of music before he was 35.
By the age __________________________________________________________
TEST 1
I. PRONUNCIATION
Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from that, of the
others.
1. a. family b. parents c. happy d. frankly
2. a. mischief b. believe c. obedience d. niece
3. a. shifts b. works c. groups d. hands
4. a. safe b. secure c. sure d. support
5. a. baths b. clothes c. enjoys d. solutions
II. LANGUAGE FOCUS
A. Choose the one word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that best completes the sentences or
substitutes for the underlined part.
6. My father sometimes has to be ___________a night shift at the factory.
a. in b. at c. on d. over
7. I’m afraid I’m going to be late - something’s come ________work.
a. over – for b. out – at c. off – to d. up - at
8. Would you like to share your experience_____the rest of the group?
a. with b. to c. among d. of
9. We are a very ______________family and support each other through any crises.
a. old-established b. well-to-do c. low-income d. close-knit
10. ____most men, my father enjoys cooking.
a. Not alike b. Unlike c. Unlikely d. Dislike
11. Her family and friends have given her lots of _______
a. support b. supporting c. supporter d. supportive
12. My mother often cooks big meals, so we have _______for days.
a. remainders b. surplus c. leftovers d. dishes
13. His secretary was formidably________ : her minutes were works of art.
a. good b. efficient c. active d. working
14. Our parents join hands to give us a nice house and a happy home.
a. deal with b. manage c. help together d. work together
15. Mark enjoys having fun by causing trouble. He’s a very___________boy.
a. stubborn b. mischievous c. obedient d. well-behaved
B. Choose the one word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that best completes the sentences.
16. I_________ the new Harry Potter book now, so you can borrow my copy if you like.
a. finish b. finished c. am finished d. have finished
17. As you __________your car at the moment, can I borrow it?
a. don’t use b. aren’t using c. haven’t used d. won’t use
18. While her brother was in the army, Sarah _________to him twice a week.
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a. was writing b. wrote c. has written d. had written
19. In a break-in last week the burglars_________all my jewellery but left the picture.
a. took b. have taken c. had taken d. were taking
20. Come and see me when you ___________ your report.
a. finish b. finished c. will finish d. hadfinished
21. I _________in the hotel twice in the 1980s.
a. was staying b. have stayed c. had stayed d. had been staying
22. Susan ______________as, a secretary for 2 years before her marriage.
a. worked b. has been working c. has worked d. was working
23. When I got home I found that water ___________down the kitchen walls.
a. ran b. was running c. has run d. has been running
24. After he ____ his English course, he went to England to continue his study.
a. has finished b. had finished c. was finished d. would finish
25. I ____________with children before, so I know what to expect in my new job.
a. worked b. have worked c. had worked d. have been working
26. How _________since we___________college?
a. are you - left b. were you - left
c. have you been - have left d. have you been - left
27. He _____ to London three times this year.
a. has been b. was c. will be d. had been
28. When I last____________him, he_________ in London.
a. saw - has been living b. see - is living
c. saw - was living d. have seen - lived
29. When I arrived at the meeting the first speaker __________speaking and the
Audience_____________
a. just finished - were clapping b. had just finished - had clapped
c. had just finished - were clapping d. just finished - had clapped
30. He _____ his job last month and since then he _____ out of work.
a. lost - was b. was lost - has been
c. has lost - was d. lost - has been
C. Identify the one underlined word or phrase - A, B, C or D - that must be changed for the
sentence to be correct.
31. Average family size has increased from the Victorian era.
A B C D
32. Here’s the money you lent me it. Maybe you don’t remember.
A B C D
33. Most children nowadays are too busy for spending time with their parents.
A B C D
34. Although my parents are very busy at work, but they try to spend as much
A B C D
time with their children as possible.
35. Americans found themselves with less free time over the past few decades
A B C
even though they are earning more money.
D
HI. READING
A. Fill in each blank with one appropriate word from the box.
Bonding trust belong values concerns
supportive someone upbringing toughest (= hardest) together
Family is where we all (36) ______ to and from where our identity comes from. A person is
valued based on his family and (37) ________.We all belong to a family and it is our family that
keeps us (38)____________________through thick and thin. Without having a family, no person is
complete and the completeness comes with good family (39) _________.
A close family bond is like a safe harbour, where we feel secure and where we trust that we
have (40)_________ always there to whom we could turn to when we need them the most. This
bonding helps to build a (41) ___________ and hope that, no matter what, we have people to be
with us in our (42) _______________ times. It is through a family that we learn the (43)
_______________ of love, trust, hope, belief, cultures, morals, traditions and every little matter
that (44)_____________to us. A strong foundation for any individual comes from being with a
(45)__________family.
B. Read the passage carefully, then decide whether the following statements are true (T) or
false (F).
In many modern countries, people think of a family as a mother, a father and their children.
But this is not the only kind of the family group. In some parts of the world, a family group has
many other members. This kind of large family is called an “extended family” or a “joint family”.
The joint family includes all living relatives on either the mother’s or the father’s side of
the family. It is made up of grandparents, parents, brothers, sisters, uncles, aunts, and cousins. They
live together in a large house or in huts built close together.
Early people probably lived in joint families. They had to be part of a large group in order to
survive. The members of the group helped each other hunt. They worked together to protect
themselves from dangerous animals and other enemies.
In China, people lived in joint families. When a son married, he and his wife lived at his
parents’ home. Unmarried daughters remained at home until they married. Chinese children felt
very loyal to their parents. Younger members of the joint families always took care of the old ones.
In India and Africa, some people still live in joint families. The members of a joint family
share their earnings and property. If one member of the group becomes ill or has bad luck, the
others help the person. As in the past, the members of the joint family offer each other help and
protection.
46. A joint family consists of a mother, a father, and their children.
47. Long time ago, people had to live in joint families in order to survive.
48. In joint families, the elderly are usually cared for by their children or grandchildren.
49. The members of a joint family in the past were more helpful and protective than those in the
present.
50. A joint family is not popular in modern countries.
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IV. WRITING
Choose the sentence -a, b, c or d-which is closest in meaning to the printed one.
51. Don’t assume that he will help you.
a. You should take his help for granted. b. He will certainly help you.
c. You shouldn’t take his help for granted. d. His help is not necessary.
52. It’s pointless to have this car repaired.
a. This car should be repaired. b. This car is not worth being repaired
c. This car is difficult to be repaired. d. You needn’t repair this car.
53. Hardly anybody applied for the job.
a. Nobody applied for the job because it was hard.
b. Anybody found it hard to apply for the job.
c. Few applicants were suitable for the job.
d. There were very few applicants for this job.
54. Dave had to take a cut in pay to keep from losing his job.
a. Dave’s salary was lowered. b. Dave lost his job and had to cut in pay.
c. Dave had an accident and lost his job. d. Dave was given a salary increase.
55. His irresponsible attitude is putting his career in jeopardy.
a. He is so irresponsible that he has no career.
b. His irresponsible attitude is endangering his career.
c. His career is to jeopardize his irresponsible attitude.
d. He is irresponsibly putting his career in danger of ruin.
TEST 2
I. PRONUNCIATION
A. Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from that of the
others.
1. a. biologist b. shift c. trick d. decision
2. a. support b. pressure c. discuss d. mischievous
3. a. thought b. threaten c. thunder d. themselves
4. a. tricks b. leftovers c. depths d- roofs
5. a. cook b. school c. soup d. noon
B. Choose the word that has the main stress placed differently from that of the
others.
6. a. project b. support. c. secure d. believe
7. a. obedience b. mischievous c. biologist d. decision
8. a. confidence b. suitable c. responsible d. secondary
9. a. leftover b. household c. garbage d. attempt
10. a. secret b. university c. separately d. interesting
II. LANGUAGE FOCUS
A. Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that beat completes the sentence.
10. Can you tell me who is responsible _________ checking passports?
a. to b. in c. about d. for
11. My father hasn’t seen his older brother __________at least thirty years.
a. since b. from c. during d. for
12. She earned extra money last year _____ several young children.
a. bringing into b. caring for c. taking on d. bearing up
14. She is leaving him because she cannot _______his bad temper any longer.
a. put up with b. put away c. put off d. put up .
15. Family________later took on a much greater significance in his life.
a. relations b. relatives c. relationships d. relation
16. Some sociologists believe that the _____________family of parents and children is rapidly
becoming a thing of the past.
a. joint b. closed c. nuclear d. extended
17. Many old people are still more ___________than some indolent youths.
a. active b. action c. activity d. activeness
18. It was _____ of you to leave the medicine where the children could get it.
a. caring b. uncared c. careful d. careless
19. Ann is very _________. She takes part in numerous activities outside of school.
a. enjoyable b. funny c. outgoing d. lively
20. Becoming an adult and setting up a_________no longer mean the same thing.
a. housing b. housework c. household d. housemate
21. He told me that he had not made any______________for his summer holiday.
a. plan b. idea c. project d. scheme
22. Steve is a good__________man, completely devoted to his wife and kids.
a. free b. hard c. single d. family
23. Strong family ties provide us the love and ______ we need for a happy life.
a. secure b. Securing c. security d. securely
24. He’s always _________ to his father’s wishes.
a. confident b. supportive c. obedient d. expressive
25. _______ irritating they are, you shouldn’t lose your temper with your children.
a. No matter b. However c. Despite d. Because of
B. Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that best completes the sentences.
26. Although we ______ all day, we haven’t managed to find a suitable applicant.
a. are interviewing b. had interviewed .
c. have been interviewing d. interviewed
27. Mark first_________his wife three years ago when they____________at university.
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a. met - have studied b. met - were studying
c. has met - studied d. met - had been studying
28. I __________much of you lately. We last ___________ three months ago.
a. didn’t see - met . b. haven’t seen - have met
c. haven’t seen - met d. didn’t see - have met
29. The team __________ a single match so far this season.
a. doesn’t win b. didn’t win c. hasn’t won d. hadn’t won
30. News _____ in of a large fire in central London.
a. is coming b. are coming c. has come d. was come
31. __________ to the language center when I saw you yesterday morning?
a. Have you gone b. Had you gone c. Did you go d. Were you going
32. They __________in that company for two years - from 2003 to 2005.
a. are working b. have worked c. worked d. had worked
33. It seems that everyone has a computer these days because in recent years, they _________
very affordable.
a. have become b. became c. will become d. are becoming
34. The number of students __________ limited and a number of books____ available to them in
library.
a. is - is b. is - are c. are - are d. are - is
34. Some people think that ‘Pericles’ ___________ by Shakespeare.
a. wrote b. has written c. was written d. had written
35. Your car is too dirty! When did you have it ____?
a. wash b. to wash c. to be washed d. washed
36. After the race________, the celebration began.
a. had been won b. is won c. will be won d. have been won
37. She could not speak, nor___ anything we said.
a. she understands b. she could understand
c. could she understand d. did she understand
38. By the age of 30, he___________ three best-sellers.
a. wrote b. has written c. was writing d. had written
39. When the power went out, the clerks __________ the reports for the meeting.
a. have copied b. copied c. were copying d. are copying
C. Identify the one underlined word or phrase - A, B, C or D that must be

changed for the sentence to be correct.
39. While the teacher was explaining the sum on the blackboard, the children
A B
threw paper aeroplanes around the classroom.
C D
40. These children bad need a stable and secure home life.
A B C D
41. This is the first time Janet has taken so difficult class, but she plans
A B C
to complete it.
D
42. The computer, one of man’s most recent creations, have revolutionized the
A B C D
world of information processing.
43. His teacher, together with his parents, object to his behavior both in school
A B C
Mad at home.
D
III. READING
A. Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that best fits the blank space in the following
passage.
Everybody wants to have a happy family. It is a (46) ______ of all people in this earth to
have a happy family. Comforts in life are (47) ______ when your family is not happy. Here’s the
ingredients of a happy family:
Unconditional love - Unconditional love means showing love (48) _______may happens.
Expressing love through actions and words is a very important factor to have a happy family life.
Understanding - A big room of understanding is a great (49) ______ also to have a happy
family life. Understand the need of each family members. Wife should understand the need of her
husband and vice versa. Parents should understand their kids (50) _______ they are growing up.
Quality time - This is very important to have a happy family life. Most happy families have
time for (51) _____. Parents give priority to spending time with their kids during (52) ______
hours from work rather than having fun with their friends and associates.
Honesty - Being honest to each other would also (53)______ to a happy family life.
Care - A (54)__________family is a happy family. Care for the need of each other.
Patience and consideration - Consider minor differences, don’t make it a big deal. Have patience
to (55) _____ with it and this will contribute to a happy family life.
46. a. right b. dream c. way d. priority
47. a. hopeless b. meaningful c. helpful d. useless
48. a. whatever b. whenever c. wherever d. however
49. a. equipment b. fact c. tool d. result
50. a. since b. if c. because d. as
51. a. other b. each other c. each d. others
52. a. all b. for c. off d. out of
53. a. contribute b. dispense c. distribute d. concentrate
54. a. caring b. careless c. cared d. careful
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55. a. manage b. apply c. divide d. deal
B. Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct answer.
The nuclear family, consisting of a mother, father, and their children, may be more an
American ideal than an American reality. Of course, the so-called traditional American family was
always more varied than we had been led to believe, reflecting the very different racial, ethnic,
class, and religious customs among different American groups.
The most recent government statistics reveal that only about one third of all current American
families fit the traditional mold and another third consists of married couples who either have no
children or have none still living at home. Of the final one third, about 20 percent of the total
number of American households are single people, usually women over sixty-five years of age. A
small percentage, about 3 percent of the total, consists of unmarried people who choose to live
together; and the rest, about 7 percent are single, usually divorced parents, with at least one child.
Today, these varied family types are typical, and therefore, normal. Apparently, many Americans
are achieving supportive relationships in family forms other than the traditional one.
56. With what topic is the passage mainly concerned?
a. The traditional American family b. The nuclear family
c. The current American family d. The ideal family
57. The writer implies that_______________.
a. there have always been a wide variety of family arrangement in the United States
b. racial, ethnic, and religious groups have preserved the traditional family structure
c. the ideal American family is the best structure
d. fewer married couples are having children
58. The word ‘current’ in line 7 could best be replaced by which of the following?
a. typical b. present c. perfect d. traditional
59. According to the passage, married couples whose children have grown or
who have no children represent about ___________.__________ . .
a. 30 percent of households b. 20 percent of households
c. 7 percent of households d. 3 percent of households
60. Who generally constitutes a one-person household?
a. A single man in his twenties b. An elderly man ,
c. A single woman in her late sixties d. A divorced woman
IV. WRITING
From the words or phrases -a, b, c or d- choose the one that best completes the sentences.
61. _______ that I could hardly hear her.
a. So quietly she spoke b. So quietly did she speak
c. So did she speak quietly d. She spoke so quiet
62. The council never wanted the new supermarket to be built, _____________.
a. nor local residents did b. so did local residents
c. neither did local residents d. either didn’t local residents
63. in nomadic societies is broadly defined.
a. The concept of family b. As the concept of family
c. The concept of family that d. Because the concept of family
64. Although they had no money, _______________.
a. so they were content b. for, their content
c. they were content d. but they were content
65. The table was______________.
a. too heavy that, one person couldn’t carry
b. so heavy that one person could carry
c. too heavy for one person to carry
d. enough heavy for one person to carry
14
UNIT 2: CULTURAL DIVERSITY
I. Check (V) the correct column according to how the -ed is pronounced.
/t/ /d/ ./id/ /t/ /d/ /id/
1. talked 11. enjoyed
2. missed 12. decided
3. washed 13. rugged
4. called 14. watched
5. occurred' 15. rented
6. wretched 16. robbed
7. invited 17. faxed
8. polluted 18.laughed
9. studied 19. helped
10. closed 20. demanded
II. Complete these sentences with the correct form of the verbs in the
box.
confide determine maintain Oblige precede believe
reject Sacrifice conduct demand attract
1. The negotiations have been _____conducted_______ in a positive manner.
2. She used to _____believe_______in him whenever she had a problem.
3. Verbs are usually ____determined________by the subject in English.
4. Your health is ____preceded________ in part by what you eat.
5. This is the most efficient way to build up and maintain______ a reasonable level of physical
fitness.
6. Most mothers will_______________sacrifice themselves for the sake of their children.
7. They are obliged______to sell their house in order to pay their debts.
8. Customers have the right to reject________faulty goods and demand______a refund.
9. I had always been _____attracted_______ by the idea of working abroad.
10. At 115, Mrs. Jackson is ____confided________ to be the oldest person in the country.
1. I think that most people will always seek ____________ from their parents, (approve)
2. The UN has responsibility for the . of international peace and Security,
(maintain) ‘
3. There is a need for greater____________________and choice in education. (diversify)
4. Students need to have time for relaxation and ____________ activities, as well as for
academic work. (culture)
5. You must have a good education, but practical training is____________important, (equal)
6. The____________roofs of the castlé’s towers had to be painted with a special protective silver
paint. (cone)
7 The most important rule in life is always to appear ____________ (confide)
8. Her early failures made her even more____________ to succeed, (determine)
9. Females traditionally are moreconcerned with their own physical ____________ than males
are. (attract)
10. Parents are under a legal__________to feed, clothe, and educate their children, (oblige)
IV. Complete these sentences, using the present perfect, present perfect progressive, past perfect or past
perfect progressive.
1. The children are at the park. They ____________ ball for the last two hours, but they don’t
seem tired yet. (play)
2. This was the first time we ____________ to the castle, even though we ____________
Edinburgh a few times before, (be - visit)
3. He ____________his finger and is in a lot of pain. (break)
4. At last the bus came. I ____________ for 20 minutes. (wait)
5. Good, the noise____________. I can start concentrating on my work again. (stop)
6. We were extremely tired at the end of the journey. We ____________ for more than hours.
(travel)
7. Lisa is still writing letters. She ____________ letters all day. (write)
8. My teacher was really annoyed with me. It was the third time I ____________ late for school
that week, (arrive)
9. I ____________ and I feel exhausted. (swim)
10. I ____________ my address book. Have you seen it? (lose)
11. He________________football all afternoon and needs a shower! (play)
12. When I last saw John, he _________and was out of breath, (run).
12.We ________ the car for 6 months before we discovered it was stolen. (own)
13. I ____________ this book on astrophysics for hours and I’m still only on page 6. (read)
14. I____________ ice cream since I ate too much and was sick, (not like)
16
V. Underline the correct alternatives.
1. It’s not a deep cut, but it is leaving/ is going to leave a scar.
2. Did you know I am going to buy/ will buy a new car next week?
3. ‘I’m not sure how I’ll get to the concert’ ‘We can take you. We will pick/ are going to pick
you up at 8.00.
4. We get/ are going to get our exam results on the 20th August.
5. I’m sorry I can’t come for dinner. I am driving/ will drive to York tonight.
6. I have to go now. I am going to call! will call you back later today.
7. Don’t go out now. I will serve am serving lunch and it’ll be cold by the time
you get/ will get back., ,
8. I think I will take! take an umbrella in case it, will rain! rains.
9. Unless help arrives within the next few days, thousands are starving! are going to starve.
10. The concert starts/ is going to start at 7.30, not 7.15 as it says in the program.
11. Tonight France play/ are playing Germany in a match important for both teams.
12. It’s unlikely that the government will accept/ accept the court’s decision.
13. Before I will go./ go home tonight, I am going to stop/ stop at the market.
14. This chair is too heavy for you to carry alone. I will help! am going to help you.
15. The train will leave/ leaves at 8:15 tomorrow morning, so I am coming!
come to the station at 8:00.
VI. Complete these sentences with the future form: will + infinitive; the future continuous;
the future perfect or future perfect continuous.
1. Will you have lunch with me on 24th? ~I’d love to, but I afraid I____________ my exam then,
(do)
2. In a hundred years’ time people_________________ to Mars for their holidays, (go)
3. By the end of my university course I______________ 1,200 lectures, (attend)
4. Without more cheap housing, families____________________the village and find homes in
town, (leave)
5. Weather forecast says that the rain ___________by the morning and tomorrow will be dry.
(clear)
6. I suppose by now school ___________for Christmas and you ___________a rest, (close,
enjoy)
7. In two years’ time Morneau ___________for 50 years and show no sign of retiring from the
theater, (act)
8. Don’t ring her up at 10 o’clock; she ______________the children to bed Ring later, (put)
9. This time next Monday I ______________ in a Paris cafe reading Le Figaro, (sit)
10. am confident that I ______________the report before the end of the week, (finish)
11. This book on Proust is really difficult. On Saturday I ____________________it for a month,
and I’m still only half way. (read)
12. I ______________my car until next week, so you can borrow it if you like, (use)
13. I’m enjoying the course. I ______________a lot by the time I’ve completed it. (learn)
14. I’ve got an exam tomorrow, so I can’t come out tonight. I______________ all evening,
(revise)
15. I’m late with my project. I______________ it by the time we’re supposed to hand it in. (not
finish)
VII. Put the verb in brackets into the correct form.
1. It’s raining right now. As soon as the rain______________ (stop). I’m going to walk down
town.
2. On arrival at home I_________________(find) that she______________(leave) just a few
minutes before.
3. He __________(light) a cigarette and______________(walk) to the door.
4. I’m sorry I couldn’t stop when I_____________(see) you the other day. I__________ (catch)
a train, so I was in a hurry.
5. She__________ (sleep) for 10 hours! You must wake her.
6. David __________ (repair) the TV set at the moment. He__________ (work) at it for one hour
or so.
7. Just as I _______ (leave) home for school the telephone__________ (ring).
8. For the last six months I__________ (have) a job as a hospital porter.
9. I suppose when I__________ (come) back in two years’ time, they__________ (pull) down all
these old buildings.
10. It’s an hour since he__________ (leave) his office. So he must be home now.
11. At this time next week they__________ (sit) in the train on their way to Paris.
12. As soon as I__________ (return) to my desk, I__________ (notice) that my
computer __________________ (make) a funny noise.
13. Pedro__________ (change) his major three times since h__________(start) school.
14. I__________ (expect) the mail an hour ago, but it__________(not/come) yet.
15. While I________________(walk) up the mountain, I__________ (get) tired. But I (not/stop)
until I (reach) the top.
VIII. Complete each of these sentences with an appropriate preposition.
1. Do you believe_________ ‘contractual’ marriage?
2. What first attract you ______ the study of Buddhism?
3. In the past, parents usually decided __________the marriage of their children.
4. A survey was made to determine the students’ attitudes_________ love and marriage.
5. We’re studying the body’s immune response______________the virus.
6. He is more concerned __________what people think about him than anything else.
7. Few Asian students agreed___________ the American students’ view that wives and husbands
should share all thoughts.
8. A happy marriage should be based_____love.
9. There are differences and similarities __________Vietnamese and American cultures.
10. I’ve never felt able to confide __________my sister.
18
IX. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first. Use the
word(s) in brackets.
1. I’ve arranged to have next week off work. (I’m)
_________________________________________________________________
2. This time tomorrow we’ll be in the air over the Atlantic. (flying)
_________________________________________________________________
3. We’ll get to the theater after the beginning of the play, (by the time)
_________________________________________________________________
4. Anderson is the winner of this year’s Grand Prix!(won)
_________________________________________________________________
5. During my dinner, the phone rang, (while)
_________________________________________________________________
6. The parcel has been here for two hours, (arrived)
_________________________________________________________________
7. Weeks passed as Karen lay in hospital, (for)
_________________________________________________________________
8. Jack left the office before I arrived there, (when)
_________________________________________________________________
9. There’s a party at Mary’s house next Sunday, (having)
_________________________________________________________________
10. The last time Nancy came here was in 1996. (since)
_________________________________________________________________
TEST 1
I. PRONUNCIATION
Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from that of the others.
1. a. diversity b. sacrifice c. oblige d. significant
2. a. weather b. appear c. measure d. pleasure
3. a. confided b. obliged c. determined d. agreed
4. a. unwise b. develops c. values d. equals
5. a. ancestor b. celebrate c. conical d. certain
II. LANGUAGE FOCUS

A. Choose the one word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that best completes the sentences.
6. We need a decision___________ this project by next week.
a. in b. on c. with d. to
7. Attitudes seniors and their roles will have to change.
a. for b. of c. towards d. on
8. A large number of India men agreed that it was unwise to confide _________ their wives.
a. in. b. on c. of d. with
9. Approval or___________ of the project is up to the Italian cultural affairs minister.
a. rejection b. admission c. prevention d. decision
10. The culture has been ______with the arrival of immigrants.
a. diverse b. diversified c. diverged d. diverted
11. The Foreign Minister held talks with his Chinese___________
a. partner b. colleague c. counterpart d. collaborator
12. Safely should take______ over all other matters in the workplace.
a. precede b. precedent c. preceding d. precedence
13. Parents are by law to send their children to school.
a. obliged b. confided c. demanded d. conducted
14. Some people are concerned with physical ______when choosing a wife or husband.
a. attract b. attractive c. attractiveness d. attractively
15. She was prepared to_________ having a family in order to pursue her career,
a. satisfy b. sacrifice c. maintain d. confide
16. She said she met you once at the Parade last week._______________since?
a. Have you met her b. Had you met her
c. Did you meet her d. Did you meet her
17. Several years after they _____ up they met again by chance in Paris.
a. have split b. had split c. were split d. had been splitting
18. By this time tomorrow, Peter_____ for the graduation examination, so now he feels very
nervous.
a. will sit b. is sitting c. will be sitting d. will have sitting
19. Please turn off the stove. The water _____ for more than fifteen minutes,
a. is boiling b. was boiling
c. will be boiling d. has been boiling
20. I am sorry I cannot hear what you__________because everybody _____so loudly.
a. are saying - talk b. have just said - is talking
c. were saying - has talked d. said - was talking
21. They _____ the job by this time tomorrow.
a. will finish b. will be finishing c. will have finished d. are finishing
22. We_______tennis for half an hour when it started to rain.
a. was playing b. has been playing c. had been playing d. would be playing
23. We _ at a hotel in Miami when the hurrican ________southern Florida last month.
a. were staying- hit b. stayed - hit
c. had stayed - hit d. stayed - was hitting
24. I must just go and wash, I________________.
a. have gardened b. have been gardening
c. had gardened d. was gardening
20
25. Alex’s plane_________at 10:15 tomorrow morning, but I can’t pick him up.
a. will arrive b. is arriving c. will be arriving d. arrives
26. I _ Jane tonight, so I will pass your message on to her.
a. meet b. will be meeting c. am meeting d. will have met
27. In every culture, people _____ jewelry since prehistoric times.
a. wear b. wore c. have worn d. had worn
28. I Bob’s pen to him the next time I__________________him.
a. will return - see b. will return-will see
c. return - will see d. return - see
29. I_______ the time when I first ____________as a teacher.
a. won’t forget - work b. will never forget - worked
c. never forget - have worked d. never forgot - had worked
30. I _______on the left because I’ve lived in Britain for a long time.
a. used to drive b. am used to drive
c. get used to driving d. am used to driving
31. TheAmericans are much more concerned than the Chinese with physical
A B
attractive when choosing a wife or a husband.
C D
32. Please be sure to call me as soon as you will find out anything about the meeting.
A B C D
33. A large number of Indian men agrees that it is unwise to confide in their wives.
A B C D
34. In 1992, Bill Clinton has become president of the United States, beating
A B C
his opponent by a wide margin.
D
35. A basic knowledge of social studies such as history and geography.
A B
is considering a basic part of the education of every child.
C D
III. READING.
invitations firm Impolite common punctual polite reschedule location
Americans tend to be very (36) ____________ people. This is often expressed in
Conversations. It is (37)_________for an American to end a conversation by saying:
“Let’s get together sometime” “Come by for a visit when you have a chance,” or “Let’s meet for
coffee.” However, these (38) _____ are usually not intended to be taken literally. An Invitation is
not (39) _____ unless a time and place is set.
If you have accepted an invitation or if a meeting has been set, Americans usually expect you to
arrive at the agreed (40)_____at the right time. It is considered (41)_____ to accept an invitation
and not show up or to arrive more than 10 to 20 minutes late. Americans tend to be quite
(42)_____. If you have to cancel an appointment or know that you will not be able to be on time,
you should call your friend or host to cancel or (43)_____
B. Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct answers.
I was an MBA student in the USA and I lived in the university’s coed dormitory. In my
culture, usually, if a woman talks to a man, it is a sign of romantic interest. Therefore, in the first
few days of school, I found it strange that so many women were talking to me and I was under the
impression that some women on my dormitory floor were interested in me. To return their
politeness, I would buy them flowers or offer small gifts, as is done in my country. However, I was
quite surprised to see that these same women now seemed uncomfortable around me. One was even
quite offended and told me to leave her alone. Eventually I talked to the residence adviser on my
floor to see what I was doing wrong, and he explained to me the way men and women usually
interact in the USA. I was quite relieved to hear that nothing was wrong with me, but rather with
the way I was interpreting my conversations with women. Even though I did not find the love of
my life while I was in the USA, I still made many good female friends afterwards with whom still
maintain contact.
44. The writer came to the US to get________
a. a university degree, in Arts b. a second university degree in business
c. a Doctor of Philosophy d. a Master of Arts
45. In the writer’s country, women___________
a. often fall in love with men b. like talking to men
c. never talk to men d. don’t often talk to men
46. In the first few days of school, the writer_______________.
a. spent so much money on flowers and gifts
b. found it difficult to make friends with women
c. misunderstood the openness of American women
d. was impressed by American women
47. How did the writer feel when he was explained the way men and women usually interact in the
USA?
a. confused b. happy c. surprise d. disappointed
48. We can conclude, from the passage, that in the United States________.
a. men and women often have long-term relationships that have no romantic involvement.
b. college campuses are a place where many ideas are discussed freely
c. people can sometimes seem brusque or impatient
d. people are usually eager to explain anything in which you might be interested
22
IV. SPEAKING
Choose the phrase or sentence - a, b, c or d - that best completes the conversation.
49. A: Personally, I think a happy marriage should be based on love.
B:____________!
a. Oh, I hope so b. It’s all right c. I definitely agree d. Good idea
50. A: I’m not sure about this soup. It tastes like something’s missing.
B:________It tastes fine to me.
a. You’re right. b. Oh, I don’t know,
c. I couldn't agree more. d. I don’t think so.
51. A: It seems to me, that, spring is the most beautiful time of year.
B:_____________It really is lovely!
a. You’re exactly right! b. You could be right,
c. You’re dead wrong. d. I couldn’t agree less.
52. A: children nowadays watch too much TV.
B: Absolutely!
a. In my conclusion b. In my opinion c. As you see d. As a matter of fact
53. A: This grammar test is the hardest one we’ve ever had this semester!
B:____________but I think it’s quite easy.
a. I couldn’t disagree more, b. I understand what you’re saying,
c. You’re right, . d. I don’t see it that’ way,
V. WRITING
Choose the sentence-a, b, c or d-which is closest in meaning to the printed one.
54. It is open to question as to whether Jane will get the job.
a. The question is whether Jane will get the job or not.
b. It is not certain that Jane will get the job.
c. Jane is being interviewed for the job.
d. If Jane could answer the question, she would get job.
55. Twice as many men as women are insurance agents.
a. More men than women have insurance.
b. Women are twice as likely as men to have insurance.
c. Insurance is twice as difficult to sell to women as to men.
d. Male insurance agents outnumber female agents.
56. James was the last to know about the change of the schedule.
a. The last thing James knew was the change,^ schedule. .
b. At last James was able to know about the change of schedule. '
c. James was among the last people informed of the change of schedule.
d. Everyone had heard about the change of schedule before James did.
57. It wasn’t a bit surprised to hear that Kate had failed her driving test.
a. That Kate had failed in her driving test surprised me a bit.
b. I was surprised that Kate had passed her driving test.
c. It came as no surprise to me to hear that Kate hadn’t passed her driving test.
d. Surprisingly, Kate had failed her driving test.
58. We’ll go camping as long as the weather is good. , .
a. Only if the weather is fine will we go camping.
b. If the weather is better, we will go camping.
c. The weather is good when we will go camping.
d. We’ll go camping immediately after the weather is good. .
59. My father hasn’t smoked for three years.
a. My father started smoking three years ago.
b. My father smoked a lot in three years.
c. My father stopped smoking three years ago.
d. My father won’t continue smoking in three years’ time.
60. The secret to Success is hard work.
a. Working hard ensures success.
b. One must work hard to keep secrets.
c. One cannot succeed if he has secrets,
d. If you keep your work secret, you will succeed.
TEST 2
I. PRONUNCIATION
A. Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from that
of the others.
1. a. precede b. reject c. schedule d. wedding

2. a. takes b. pens c. boats d. traps
3. a. romantic b. marriage c. attract d. private
4. a. tension b. decision c. provision d. precision
5. a. stopped b. talked c. married d. passed
B. Choose the word that has the man stress placed differently from that of the
others.
6. a. obliged b. contractual c. determine d. counterpart
7. a. conical b. marriage c. romantic d. sacrifice
8. a. confide b. banquet . c. cultural d. attitude
9. a. engage b. ceremony c. majority d. maintain
10. a. similarity b. independent c. generation d. diversity
24
II. LANGUAGE FOCUS
A. Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that best completes the sentence or substitutes
for the underlined part
11. She sacrificed her career ________her children.
a. to b. for c. on d. with
12. In my opinion, a happy marriage should be based ________love.
a. in b. to c. on d. of
13. In Vietnam, two, three or even four generations live ________one roof.
a. in b. over c. with d. under
14. My father has an older sister he hasn’t seen thirty years.
a. since b. in c. during d. for
15. Jane has become to Roger, and the wedding will be in April.
a. proposed b. engaged c. settled d. agreed
16. A state ________banquet was hold in honour of the visiting President
a. celebration b. feast c. Ceremony d. anniversary
17. Most young people nowadays believe in ________marriage first comes love,
then comes marriage.
a. romantic b. unique c. contractual d. arranged
18. ______ marriages, which are usually decided by the parents, are usually seen in Indian and
African cultures.
a. Romantic b. Arranged c. Modern d. Open
19. It’s sometimes hard to ________the right balance between your work and your home life.
a. maintain b. conserve b. demand d. support
20. She was full of _______ to achieve her goals.
a. decision b. sacrifice c. obligation d. determination
21. The young Americans are usually with physical attractiveness when choosing a wife or a
husband.
a. concerned b. interested c. conscious d. critical
22. Women are still fighting for greater ________between the sexes.
a. diversity b. agreement c. equality d. maintenance
23. I don’t feel any ___________to give my boss more than two weeks’ notice when
I leave.
a. oblige b. obligatory c. obliged d. obligation
24. In a new culture, many embarrassing situations occur ________a misunderstanding.
a. despite b. account of c. because of d. result in
25. Unfortunately, not all candidates can be offered a job; ________ some have to be
a. required b. rejected c. remained d. resigned
26. This large goat _____ in the mountains of Switzerland.
a. only lives b. is only living c. has only lived d. only lived
27. Charles is a gifted footballer, but up to now he ________well in the international matches.
a. doesn’t play b. didn’t play c. hasn’t placed d. wasn’t playing
28. The committee_______ four times last week, but still no decision________
a. met - has been reached b. has met - has reached
c. met — is reached d. had met - was reached
29. So far this week. I ________two testsand a quiz.
a. had b. have had c. will have d. was having
30 to the opera when you lived in Milan?
a. Have you ever gone b. Were you ever going
c. Did you ever go d. Had you ever gone
31. I________ one of my special desserts for dinner, if you like.
a. make b. am making c. am going to make d. will make
32. I have never played table tennis before. This is the first time I ________ to play.
a. try b. tried c. have tried d. am trying
33. There’s no point asking John for a lift - he______________by now.
a. is leaving b. will leave c. will be leaving d. will have left
34. Before I went to university, I___________as a carpenter for about five years.
a. worked b. used to work c. have worked d. was working
35. I won’t be able to meet you nextweek. I_________in London for a few days.
a. will stay b. will bestaying c. will have stayed d. am staying
36. Mary ____ on the essay for two hours now and she hopes that she ~ it in one more hour.
a. is working -can finish b. has been working -will finish
c. will have worked - finishes d. had been working -would finish
37. It’s getting very humid - we _____ a thunderstorm.
a. will have b. are having c. are going to have d. have
38. I _____ a lot of interesting people while I in Norway.
a. met – worked b. was meeting – was ’working
c. met - was working d. was meeting - worked
39. We _____ for about an hour when the engine suddenly stopped,
a. was driving b. have driven
c. have been driving d. had been driving
40. You ________for five straight hours. Why don’t you take a break.
a. Studied b. was studying c. had studied d. have been studying
41. For many international students, American dating and relationship rituals
A B C
can be one of the most difficult thing to understand.
D
26
42. If the stain doesn’t come out of your shirt when you wash it, try to soak it
A B C
first in bleach;
D
43. Janet is finally used to cook on an electric stove after having a gas one for so long.
A B C D
44. You can apply for a better job when you will have had more experience.
A B C D
45. Scholars have been unable to determine if the frescoes were painted by Giotto.
A B C D
III. READING
passage.
Table manners are important in America, and may be (46)_________________ from those of
your country. In general, Americans try to eat neatly, without making a lot of noise. If something
on the table is out of their (47)___________________________________________they politely
ask someone to pass it to them. Food should be lifted up to the mouth. Do not
(48)______over to eat it. Sit tip as straight as you can without being uncomfortable.
Do not talk with your mouth (49)__________
Table napkins are placed on your lap, (50) ________in half if they are very large. Use your
fork, knife and spoon to eat your food. There are some (51) ________ like lobster and corn on the
cob, cookies, shrimp, and fried chicken and other foods. Better watch what other people do. (52)
____________________________________you. do eat with your hands, don’t lick your fingers to
clean them. Use the napkin carefully. If you have to take food (53) ________your mouth, such as a
pit or bone, do it carefully and quietly. It is not polite to pick your teeth at the table to remove (54)
________food. If you must do this before the end of the meal, (55) ________ yourself and go to
the restroom.
46. a. contrary b. separate c. different d. similar

47. a. way b. reach c. direction d. vision
48. a. bend b. hang c. bow d. . look
49. a. open. b. full c. empty d. close
50. a. used b. passed c. curved d. folded
51. a. regulations b. solutions c. exceptions d. experiences
52. a. If b. Even c. Unless d. Only if
53. a. to b. up to c. out d. out of
54. a. solid b. stuffed c. stuck d. trapped
55. a. sorry b. excuse c. apologize d. explain
These days, most people in Britain and the US do not wear very formal clothes. But
sometimes it is important wear the right thing.
Many British people don’t think about clothes very much. They just like to be comfortable.
When they go out to enjoy themselves, they can wear almost anything. At theatres, cinemas and
concerts, you can put on what you like from elegant suits and dresses to jeans and sweaters.
Anything goes, as long as you look clean and tidy.
But in Britain, as well as the US, men in offices usually wear suits and ties, arid women wear
dresses or skirts (not trousers). Doctors, lawyers and business people wear quite formal clothes.
And in some hotels' and restaurants men have to wear ties and women wear smart dresses.
In many years, Americans are more relaxed than British people, but they are more careful with
their clothes. At home, or on holiday, most Americans wear informal or sporty clothes. But when
they go out in the evening, they like to look elegant. In good hotels and restaurants, men have to
wear jackets and ties, and women wear pretty clothes and smart hairstyles.
It is difficult to say exactly what people wear informal or formal in Britain and the US,
because everyone is different. If you are not sure what to wear, watch what other people do and
then do the same. You’ll feel more relaxed if you don’t look too different from everyone else.
56. Many British people wear freely when they ________ .
a. attend meetings b. attend lectures
c. spend their spare time d. meet their friends
57. Who doesn’t usually wear suits and ties?
a. Lawyers b. Doctors c. Drivers d. Accountants
58. If you visit an American friend at home in the evening, you may find that your friend wears
________
a. pretty clothes b. informal clothes c. formal clothes d. plain clothes
59. If you are in a foreign country, the best way the writer suggests to you is to
wear ________
a. strange clothes b. as the people there do
c. your native clothes d. comfortable clothes
60. What do you think the passage is mainly about?
a. Recent dressing habit in Great Britain and the United States. -
b. The reason why informal clothing is popular in the UK and USA.
c. When we should wear in a formal way.
d. Where we should wear in a formal way.
IV. WRITING
Choose the correct sentence which is built from the words given.
61. eating/ most Americans/ hold/ fork/ hand/ write//
a. When most Americans are eating, they hold fork in the hand which they write.
b. When eating, most Americans hold the fork in the hand with that they write.
c. When eating, most Americans hold a fork in the hand with which they write.
d. When most Americans eating, they hold a fork in hand they write with.
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62. cultures/ arranged marriages/ tradition/ hand down many generations//
a. In some cultures, arranged marriage is a tradition handing down through' many generations.
b. In some cultures, arranged marriage is a tradition handed down through many generations.
c. For some cultures, arranged marriage is a tradition hands down through many generations.
d. To some cultures, arranged marriage is a tradition handed down through many generations.
63. Even today/ majority of Indians/ India/ marriages/ their parents//
a. Even today an overwhelming majority of Indians in India have their marriages planned by
their parents.
b. Even today a majority of Indians in India have their parents to plan their marriages.
c. Even today, a majority of Indians in India have their parents plan for their marriages.
d. Even today a majority of Indians in. India have their marriages plan by their parents.
64. Romantic marriage/ the couple/ emotional bond/ their wedding//
a. A Romantic marriage is the couple who has emotional bond with each other prior to their
wedding.
b. Romantic marriage is the one in which the couple has an emotional bond together prior
wedding.
c. Romantic marriage is a marriage to which the couple has emotional bond with one another
prior to their wedding.
d. A Romantic marriage is one in which the couple has an emotional bond with one another
prior to their wedding.
65. She/experienced/great/culture shock/first/Europe//
a. She had experienced great culture shock when she first came to Europe.
b. She experienced great culture shock when she first came to Europe.
c. She is experienced great culture shock when she has first come to Europe.
d. She experienced great culture shock when she was coming to Europe first.
UNIT 3: WAYS OF SOCIALISING
I. Practice reading the following two-syllable words and then mark the primary stress in
each word.
To socialize (v) giao tiếp xh, socialble (adj) thích giao tiếp socializing (n) sự g. Tiếp xh
waving signal airport argue schoolyard polite observe abrupt police toward process formal
attract social verbal discuss common waving signal airport
instance assist approach decent install argue schoolyard polite
express regret mistake parent realize observe abrupt police
farewell offer problem object (v) party toward process formal
perfect (adj) obvious accept suppose
II. Complete these sentences with the correct form of the verbs in the box.
approach attract install clap communicate
nod handle point wave Whistle
1. If you understand what I mean, just_____________ your head.
2. When the songs stopped, everybody __________________furiously.
3. She heard footsteps___________________from behind.
4. He_______a hand in the air to' attract her attention.
5. ‘What's your name?’ he asked, _______at the child with his pen.
6. Many parents find it difficult to _______with their children when they are apart.
7. The chance to travel around the world _______me to a career as a flight attendant.
8. The crowd booed and _______as the player came onto the field.
9. Crime has decreased since the security cameras were _______
10. Most customers were satisfied with the way their complaints were_______
III. Complete these sentences with correct form of the word in brackets.
1. They were very __________about the trouble they’d caused, (apologize)
2. It was very __________more of a chat than an interview, (formal)
3. She was critical to the point of__________(rude)
4. Whistling to get the person’s attention is usually considered__________ (polite)
5. Films with big stars always attract great__________ (attend)
6. His casual clothes were __________for such a formal occasion, (appropriate)
7. They've received many complaints about customers being treated with___courtesy_______
(courteous)
8. __________communication is the way of communicating with others without speaking,
(verbal)
9. The __________of a new computer system will take about a week, (install)
10. Waterfalls and rocky overlooks are the main __________of thispark, (attract)
11. Air pollution in the city had reached four times the ____________levels. (accept)
12. We can raise our hand slightly to show that we need_________________(assist)
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IV. Complete the passage with the correct form or tense of the verbs in brackets.
THE AUSTRALIA SALUTE
Before I (1) __________(visit)Australia, an Australian friend in London (2)
__________(tell) me I should learn ‘the Australia salute’. “What’s that?” I asked. “You’ll find out
when you (3) ____________(get) there," he said. I (4) __________ (arrive) in Perth last week. Since
then I (5) ___________(stay) at a nice hotel near a beautiful beach. I (6) __________ (never visit)
Australia before and I am enjoying my stay. I (7) __________ (swim) every day from the time I (8)
__________(arrive). Yesterday, an Australian friend (9)____________________________
(suggest) a tour into ‘the bush’. I agreed at once. The first thing I (10) _________________(notice)
when we were in the bush (11) __________ (be) the flies. After a while I remembered the
conversation I (12) __________ (have) in London before I (13)______________________ (come)
here. “What’s the ‘Australia salute’?” I asked suddenly, as I waved my right arm to keep the flies
away. “That’s it!” my friend said as he (14) ___________(wave) back!
V. Choose the correct answer.
1. The doctor says that he _____ you in twenty minutes.
a. will see b. would see c. saw d. could see
2. She reassured me that she __________invitations well before the wedding.
a. has sent b. must send c. was sent d. had sent
3. Health officials warn that anyone who________________directly at the sun during an
eclipse may put their sight at risk.
a. looks b. look c. looked d. had looked
4. She boasted that she _________when she was three.
a. can read b. used to read c. is able to read d. had been able to read
5. The government has announced that taxes _________________.
a. are raising b. were raised c. will be raised d. would be raised
6. He proved that the earth___________round the sun.
a. goes b. would go c. was going d. had gone
7. Maggie promised that_________ she at home by 9.00, so I phoned her shortly after that.
a. was b. will be c. would be d. will have been
8. He reminded me that I_________forget my credit card.
a. hadn’t to b. couldn’t c. mustn’t d. didn’t have to
9. Dr Weir thinks that he____________ about 5 minutes on a typical appointment
with a patient.
a. spends b. spent c. would spend d, had spent
10. The BBC announcer said the new underpass __________the day after tomorrow.
a. is officially opening b. was being officially opened
. c. officially opened d. was officially opening
11. She said that she_________her mother to cook dinner at 5:30 p.m the previous day.
a. had helped b. was helping
c. have been helping d. had been helping
12. A company spokesperson said that the accusations __________completely untrue.
a. are b. be c. should be d. were
13. John told me that he__________ but he hasn’t turned up yet.
a. will come b. had come c. was going to come d. should come
14. He said he_________television when the robber broke into the house.
a. was watching b. watched c. had been watching d. had watched
15. No one has informed us why our application __________unsuccessful.
a. would be b. was c. has been d. had been
VI. An Englishman made a solo cycle journey round the world. In one country he was
arrested and taken to a police station, where the police asked him lots of questions.
Months later, he told a reporter all about the incident. How did he report the questions
from the police? Use the verbs of reporting in brackets.
1. ‘What have you got in your luggage?’ (want to know)
__The police wanted to know ______________________________________________________
2. ‘Are you a spy?’ (ask me)
_He _______________________________________________________________
3. ‘Do you have a notebook? (ask)
________________________________________________________________
4. ‘Where are you going?’ (want to know)
________________________________________________________________
5. ‘Where have you come from?’ (want to know)
________________________________________________________________
6. ‘How long have you been in the country?’ (inquire)
________________________________________________________________
7. ‘Have you spoken to anyone on your journey? (wonder)
________________________________________________________________
8. ‘Who paid for your journey?’ (ask)
________________________________________________________________
9. ‘Are you carrying any drugs?’ (inquire)
________________________________________________________________
10. ‘Where do you plan to sleep?’ (ask me)
________________________________________________________________
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I. Decide which sentence is spoken by which person. Then report what was said.
1. Can you sit down in your seats, please? Boss told employees.
2. I want you to learn all the new words. Bus driver asked passengers.
3. Don’t leave these books on the table, put Air hostess advised passengers
them back on the shelf. Doctor told patient.
4. You ought to go on a diet. Hotel guests asked porter.
5. Don’t be late tomorrow morning. Security guard asked travelers.
6. Can you move your car out of the way, sir? Teacher told class.
7. Open the safe! Traffic warden told motorist.
8. You mustn’t leave your bags unattended. Raiders ordered bank clerk.
9. Could you take our luggage, please? Librarian told students.
10. Read the notice about life-saving equipment.
1. _______________________________________________________________
2. _______________________________________________________________
3. _______________________________________________________________
4. _______________________________________________________________
5. _______________________________________________________________
6. _______________________________________________________________
7. _______________________________________________________________
8. _______________________________________________________________
9. _______________________________________________________________
10. _______________________________________________________________
VIII. Put the following into indirect speech using the verbs in brackets. If necessary, add an
appropriate object or preposition after the verb.
1. ‘I should, say nothing about it if I were you.’ (advise)
My brother______________________________________________________
2. ‘Would you like to have lunch with me on Saturday, Sarah?’ (invite)
John_____________________________________________________________
3. ‘Remember to switch the computer off when you’ve finished. ’ (remind)
He_______________________________________________________________
4. ‘Would you mind not smoking between courses?’ (ask)
Their hostess_______________________________________________________
5. All right. We will postpone the meeting until 11th July.’ (agree)
The committee_____________________________________________________
6. ‘I’m really sorry I got the message wrong.’ (apologize)
She______________________________________________________________
7. ‘No, I certainly didn’t use your cassette player!’ (deny)
Alfred____________________________________________________________
8. ‘Show me your driver’s licence, will you?’ (order)
The policeman______________________________________________________
9. ‘I’m just not going to the student party.’ (refuse)
Nora_____________________________________________________________
10.‘Social services should have taken more action to protect children at risk.’ (criticize)
They_____________________________________________________________
11. ‘Don’t go too near the edge of the cliff, boys.’ (warn)
He_______________________________________________________________
12. ‘Let’s stay here till the storm have passed. ’ (suggest)
Laura____________________________________________________________
13. ‘I really must speak to the headmaster personally.’ (insist)
He_______________________________________________________________
14. ‘Do you want me to type this document for you?’ (offer)
James____________________________________________________________
15. ‘I’ll look after your children while you are away on a business trip.’ (promise)
My mother________________________________________________________
VII. Put the following into indirect speech. Use a suitable reporting verb in each case.
1. ‘Will it be safe to stay in the mountains for the night if the weather doesn’t change for the
better?’ we asked the guide.
_________________________________________________________________
2. The porter said to me ‘I’ll wake you up when the train arrives in Leeds.’
_________________________________________________________________
3. ‘You had better slow down. There’s a speed limit here.’ She said to me.
_________________________________________________________________
4. ‘I can hardly hear the radio,’ he said. ‘Could you turn it up?’
_________________________________________________________________
5. “They should put traffic lights here, otherwise there’ll be more accidents,’ she said.
_________________________________________________________________
6. ‘Don’t go walking in the fog, it can be very dangerous,’ the mountain guide said.
_________________________________________________________________
7. ‘I haven’t read so interesting a book since I don’t remember when,’ she said.
_________________________________________________________________
8. ‘Are you thirsty? Shall we go somewhere for a cup of coffee?’ John said.
_________________________________________________________________
9. ‘Why are you so late? I’ve been waiting for half an hour already,’ Tom said to Jane.
_________________________________________________________________
10. ‘Remember to leave the window open when you’re using the gas stove,’ my mother said to
me.
34
_________________________________________________________________
11. ‘I’m taking my children to the zoo tomorrow,’ she said, ‘Will you come with us?’
_________________________________________________________________
12. Would you mind getting out of the car?’ said the driver. ‘I have to change a wheel.’
_________________________________________________________________
13. ‘What was she wearing when you saw her last?’ the policeman asked me.
_________________________________________________________________
14. ‘Would you like to borrow this book?’ I asked her. ‘I have read it already, thank you.’ she said.
_________________________________________________________________
15. ‘All right. It’s true. It was me who scratched the car,’ she said
_________________________________________________________________
TEST 1
I. PRONUNCIATION
Choose the word that has the main stress placed differently from that of the others.
1. a. approach b. attract c. decent d. install
2. a. marvelous b. assistant c. maximum d. argument
3. a. apologetic b. communicate c. attention d. appropriate
4. a. verbal b. polite c. common d. social
5. a. compliment b. absolute c. fashionable d. suppose
II. LANGUAGE FOCUS
6. He agreed_________them________the need for change.
a. to - about b. with - for c. to - at d. with - on
7. While studying he was financially dependent_______________his parents.
a. on b. to c. of d. from
8. It’s rude to point :_________someone!
a. on b. out c. at d. up
9. It’s OK to use_________language if you’re speaking to a friend.
a. verbal b. non-verbal c. formal d. informal
10. The proposal will go ahead despite strong_____________from the public.
a. objections b. refusals c. resistances d. disagreements
11. Although I spoke to him many times, he never paid any ___________to what I said.
a. notice b. care c. mind d. attention
12. He tried to________the attendant’s eyes but the man was already turning away.
a. attract b. raise c. catch d. meet
13. I get on very well with my roommate now; we never have any________________.
a. agreements b. assistance c. compliments d. arguments
14. Some people think it is__________to ask someone’s age.
a. sensitive b. impolite c. informal d. polite
15. It’s knowledge that smoking and cancer are linked.
a. normal b. common c. wide d. complete
16. The woman asked______get lunch at school.
a. can the children b. whether the children could
c. if the children can d. could the children
17. Did they say they____________me again?
a. will telephone b. have telephoned c. would phone d. had phoned
18. Peter said that if he___________rich, he__________a lot.
a. is - will travel b. were - would travel
c. was - would have traveled d. had been - would have traveled
19. I pointed out to the manager that we_____________the bill.
a. already paid b. have already paid c. had already paid d. was already paid
20. I_________ was wondering a moment, please.
a. whether have you got b. that you’ve got
c. if you’ve got d. how you’ve got
21. Someone told us_________ on the stairs.
a. don’t sit b. not sit c. not to sit d. to not sit
22. All the students denied___________ anything about the matter.
a. to know b. knowing c. for knowing d. that they know
23. They said that they had come back _________
a. the following day b. the next day
c. the day after tomorrow d. the previous day
24. I asked him whose car _________the previous day.
a. he had borrowed b. had he borrowed c. did he borrowed d. he would borrow
25. The office reminded us _________the money.
a. remember to pay b. not to forget to pay
c. to pay d. of paying
26. Martha told me that she_______late for the meeting. She said that she __ ill.
a. will be - are feeling b. was - was felt
c. would be - would feel d. would be - was feeling
27. They asked me__________in Los Angeles then.
a. whether was my father working b. if my father was working
c. whether my father had been working d. was my father working
28. I have told her that I__________ahead with my plans whatever she may think.
a. am not going to go b. was not going to go
c. would not go d. was not able to go
29. When we came to the cinema, she told me that she _________the tickets at home.
36
a. was leaving b. had left c. would leave d. would have left
30. Jane told me that she_________her e-mail first thing every morning.
a. would check b. checks c. had checked d. was checked
31. She says thatshe would have to close the shop unless business improves.
A B C D
32. Every teacher I’ve spoken to tell me that standards of spelling are in decline.
A B C D
33. They asked me how long did it take to get to Paris by train.
A B C D
34. My mother told me to watch the milk and don’t let it boil over.
A B C D
35. Some engineers have predicted that, within twenty years, automobiles
A
will be make almost completely of plastic.
B C D
III. READING
embrace polite introduced attention acceptable away immediately part
Americans shake hands with each other when first (36)______________or when they meet
again, but rarely when they (37)____________________________________(a more European
custom). Social kissing, as a greeting, is also sometimes (38) _________between men and women
who know each other well and between women. American men rarely (39) _________ each other
or kiss on both cheeks. When two Americans are standing and talking to each other they stay at
least 16 inches (40) _________from each other.
It is permissible for an American to start a conversation with a stranger but the conversation
should be (41) _________ended if the person does not seem to want to talk. Be especially careful
not to force your (42) _________ on someone in a plane, train or bus. If you meet someone
you know on the street while you are with someone else, it is (43)_________to introduce the
person!
Vietnamese generally shake hands when greeting and parting. Using both hands shows
respect, as does a slight bow of the head. In rural areas, elderly people who do not extend their
hand are greeted with a slight bow. Women are more likely to bow the head slightly than to shake
hands. Vietnamese names begin with the family name and are followed by a, given name. For
example, in the name Nguyen Van Duc, Nguyen is the family name. People address one another by
their given names, but add a title that indicates their perceived relationship to the other person.
These titles are family related rather than professional. Among colleagues, for example, the
younger of the two might combine the given name with the title of Anh (“Older Brother”). A basic
greeting combined with the given name and title is Xin chao (“Hello.”), Classifiers for gender and
familiarity are also combined with the greeting. In formal meetings, business cards are sometimes
exchanged on greeting.
Vietnamese have a strong sense of hospitality and feel embarrassed if they cannot show
their guests full respect by preparing for their arrival. Therefore, it is inappropriate to visit a home
without having been invited. Gifts are not required, though are appreciated. Flowers, incense, or
tea may be appropriate gifts for the hosts. Hosts also appreciate a small gift for their children or
elderly parents.
44. Which of the following is not true?
a. In most cases, Vietnamese greet each other with a handshake.
b. To show respect, they do a slight bow while using both hands to shake.
c. Vietnamese women never shake hands, so they bow the head slightly when greeting.
d. Elderly people in rural areas do not often shake hands when greeting and saying good-bye.
45. How are Vietnamese names generally formed?
a. A family name, a given name, and then a middle name
b. A given name, middle name, and then a family name
c. A middle name, a given name, and then a family name
d. A family name, a middle name, and then a given name
46. Typically, Vietnamese will be addressed_______.
a. with their family name in formal situations
b. with their given name, even in formal situations
c. with their given name and a title “Mr.” or “Mrs.”
d. with their full name and a title which is family related
47. The Vietnamese have a very strong sense of hospitality, but___________________.
a. they often feel worried about what other people will think they are disrespectful
b. they cannot show their guests full respect
c. they do not like to be visited unexpectedly
d. they always prepare for their arrival
48. According to the last paragraph, the Vietnamese_________
a. often offer gifts to the hosts on their visit
b. sometimes give the host’s children gifts
c. usually welcome guests with flowers
d. always require gifts for their children or their parents
IV. SPEAKING
Choose the phrase or sentence — a, b, c or d - that best completes the conversation.
49. A: You’re a great dancer. I wish I could do half as well as you.
B:_________ I’m an awful dancer!
a. You’re too kind. b. That’s a nice compliment!
c. You’ve got to be kidding! d. Oh, thank you very much.
50. A: Congratulations! You did great.
38
B: _________
a. It’s nice of you to say so. b. It’s my pleasure.
c. You’re welcome. d. That’s okay.
51. A:
B: Oh, thank you. I just got it yesterday.
a. When have you got this beautiful dress?
b. You’ve just bought this beautiful dress, haven’t you?
c. How a beautiful dress you’re wearing!
d. That’s a beautiful dress you have on!
What a beautiful dress! = How beautiful your dress is!
52. A: This dish is really nice!
B: _________It’s called yakitori, and it’s made with chicken livers.
a. It’s my pleasure. b. I’m glad you like it.
c. I guess you’re right. d. Sure, I’ll be glad to.
53. A: Your new hairstyle is quite attractive.
B: _________I think it makes me look 10 years older!
a. Thanks a lot. b. I’m sorry I don’t like it.
c. I hate it. d. That’s a nice compliment.
V. WRITING
Choose the sentence - a, b, c or d - which is closest in meaning to the printed one.
54. “Shall I help you with the washing-up, Jane?” John said.
a. John told Jane to help him with the washing-up.
b. John asked if Jane should help him with the washing-up.
c. John suggested helping Jane with the washing-up.
d. John offered to help Jane with the washing-up.
55. “What will you do if you have ten days off school?” he asked.
a. He asked me what will I do if I have ten days off school.
b. He asked what I will do if I have ten days off school.
c. He asked me what I would do if I had ten days off school.
d. He asked what would I do if I had ten days off school.
56. “You’d better apologize for being so rude,” said my friend.
a. My friend advised me to apologize for being so rude.
b. My friend offered me to apologize for being so rude.
c. My friend warned me to apologize for being so rude.
d. My friend suggested me apologizing for being so rude.
57. “Good morning, Mary! How are you?” Henry said.
a. Henry said good morning Mary and asked how was she.
b. Henry greeted Mary and asked how is she.
c. Henry said good morning and asked Mary how she is.
d. Henry greeted Mary and asked how she was.
58. “Please don’t leave until I come back,” Sarah said.
a. Sarah told us -do not leave until she comes back. ~
b. Sarah asked us not leave until she came back.
c. Sarah told us not to leave until she came back.
d. Sarah said to us to not leave until she comes back.
59 “How difficult the final test is!” the students said.
a. The students asked how the final test was difficult.
b. The students exclaimed that the final test was so difficult.
c. The students wondered if it was a difficult final test.
d. The students said that how difficult the final’ test was.
60. “Be careful; the steps are very slippery,” I said to him.
a. I warned him to be careful as the steps were very slippery.
b. I suggested being careful as the steps were very slippery.
c. I threatened him to be careful and said the steps were very slippery.
d. I told him be careful and the steps were very slippery.
TEST 2
I. PRONUNCIATION
others.
1. a. attract b. clap c. wave d. hand
2. a. signal b. slightly c. polite d. excite
3. a. allowed b. passed c. argued d. raised
4. a. discuss b. jump c. argument d. public
5. a. excited b. excuse c. exchange d. example
B. Choose the word that has the main stress placed differently from that of
the others
6. a. approach b. social c. discuss d. consider
7. a. impolite b. informality c. appropriate d. situation
8. a. compliment b. terrible c. perfectly d. attract
9. a. assistance b. marvelous c. argument d. fashionable
10. a. signal b. install c. decent d. verbal
II. LANGUAGE FOCUS
A. Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that best completes the sentence.
11. Why did you object _________the scheme for building a kindergarten in our neighborhood?
a. to b. against c. at d. in
40
12. She received several compliments ______her speech.
a. to b. on c. for d. about
13. They were very apologetic _____the trouble they’d caused.
a. on b. to c. about d. with
14. We arranged to meet at the station, but she didn’t________________.
a. get through b. wait on c. turn up d. walk out
15. with your friends and give me your answer tomorrow.
a. Work it out b. Look into it c. Talk over it d. Talk it over
16. The children fell silent at the _________of their teacher.
a. approach b. acceptant c. assistance d. access
17. It’s no more than common____________to hear what she has to say.
a. polite b. impolite c. politeness d. impoliteness
18. Phone me before ten;__________I’ll be too busy to talk to you.
a. otherwise b. however c. unless d. moreover
19. She was clearly the best candidate for the job, so her interview was just a(n)________.
a. formation b. instance c. formality d. informality
20. ‘Let’s go,’ he said, _____ towards the door. ’
a. nodding b. clapping c. waving d. bowing
21. Laughing when you should be crying sends out the wrong_____________to people.
a. sights b. signals c. symbols d. hints
22. Gestures such as waving and handshaking are _________forms of communication.
a. direct b. regular c. verbal d. non-verbal
23. She was a devoted nurse, always very _________to the needs of her elderly patients.
a. observant b. attentive c. careful d. delicate
24. I think access to cinemas and theaters is the main _____ of city life,
a. amenity b. attraction c. leisure d. recreation
25. Social kissing, as a greeting, is also sometimes _____________between men and
women who know each other well.
a. appropriate b. marvelous c. acceptable d. appreciated
26. The visitors were complaining in the rain.
a. for waiting b. me about waiting
c. about having to wait d. that they have to wait
27. John told me that he__________his best in the exam______________.
a. would do - the day before b. would do – the following day
c. had done — the following day d. was doing - the day before
28. The effects of cigarette smoking _________to be extremely harmful so far.
a. is proved b. will be proved c. are proved d. have been proved
29. He said Ann__________her licence the Tuesday before.
a. got b. was got c. had got d. would got
30. The accused denied _________in the vicinity of the murder scene.
a to have ever been b. have ever been c. having been ever d. ever having been
31. She told me that she _________physiology.
a. has studied. b. has been studying
c. had been studying d. would have studied
32. The doctor has advised__________too much coffee.
a. me not drink b. I don’t drink c. me not drinking d. me not to drink
33. Mike asked Sarah how long____________English so far.
a. she learned b. she has been learning
c. had she learned d. she had been learning
34. My mother told me_________my books lying about on the living room.
a. don’t leave b. not leave c. not to leave d. didn’t leave
35. She wondered ________ now, after so many years away.
a. how her father looked like b. how did her father look like
c. whom her father looks like d. what her father looked like
36. Rosa suggested that _____ a suit and tie when he went for the interview.
a. him to wear b. he should wear c. he must wear d. that he wears
37. He said that the plane_____________and that I _________an hour earlier.
a. had already left - must have arrived .
b. already left - had to arrive
c. had already left - should have arrived
d. would leave already - was supposed to arrive
38. Helen asked me_________the film called ‘Star Wars’.
a. if I saw b. whether I have seen
c. if I had seen d. whether had I seen
39. Nobody knows _________until next week.
a. why the meeting postponed b. why was the meeting postponed
c. why did the meeting postpone d. why the meeting was postponed
40. It was only later that I comprehended____________ .
a. what did his story mean b. what his story meant
c. his story meant what d. what was his story’s meaning
Not only did he left school early but also broke the laws.
Not only was he my friend but also yours.
41. In his letter, he said he had seen Penny at the theater a couple of days ago.
A B C D
42
42. Ron said that he wasn’t sure, but the storm might stop already.
A B C D
43. For many years people have wondered that life exists elsewhere in the universe.
A B C D
44. Public health experts say that the money one spent avoiding illness
A B
is less than the cost of being sick.
C D
45. The woman accused to shoplift was found not guilty and was acquitted.
A B C D
III. READING
A. Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c or 4- that best fits the blank space in the following
passage.
It is difficult to write (46)_________that tell exactly when we should apologize, but it is not
difficult to learn how. If we have done something to hurt someone’s feelings, or if we have been
impolite or (47) _________ we should apologize. An apology indicates that we realize we have
made a (48) _________and we are sorry for it. It is a way of expressing our regret for something.
When we apologize, we admit our (49) _________ usually offer a reason for it, and express regret.
The simplest way to apologize is to say, ‘I’m sorry,’ but often that is not enough. Let’s take a
(50) _________situation. You are late for class and enter the classroom, (51) _________ the
teacher in the middle of the lesson. What should you do? The most polite action is usually to take a
seat as (52) _________as possible and apologize later. But if the teacher stops and waits for you to
say something, you could apologize simply “I’m sorry I’m late”, ask (53) _________ to take your
seat, and sit down. Naturally, more than this - a (54) _________for the tardiness - is needed, but
this is not the time or the place for it because you have already caused one interruption and don’t
need to make it any longer or (55) _________ than it already is.
46. a. rules b. times c. reasons d. examples
47. a. disrespect b. rude c. disappointed d. angry
48. a. decency b. regret c. guilt d. mistake
49. a. cruelty b. blame c. wrongdoing d. comment
50. a. popular b. common c. rude d. general
51. a. interrupting b. holding c. confusing d. breaking
52. a. much b. long c. quietly d. firmly
53. a. allowance b. permission c. acceptance d. approval
54. a. reason c. signal c. compliment d. apology
55. a. better c. best c. worst d. worse
Sometimes people add to what they say even when they don’t talk. Gestures are the “silent
language” of every culture. We point a finger or move another part of the body to show what we
want to say. It is important to know the body language of every country or we may be
misunderstood. In the United States, people greet each other with a handshake in a formal
introduction. The handshake must be firm. If the handshake is weak, it is a sign of weakness or
unfriendliness. Friends may place a hand on the other’s arm or shoulder. Some people, usually
women, greet a friend with a hug.
Space is important to Americans. When two people talk to each other, they usually stand about
two and a half feet away and at an angle, so they are not facing each other directly. Americans get
uncomfortable when a person stands too close. They will move back to have their space. If
Americans touch another person by accident, they say, “Pardon me.” or “Excuse me.” Americans
like to look the other person in the eyes when they are talking. If you don’t do so, it means you are
bored, hiding something, or are not interested. But when you are stare at someone, it is not polite.
For Americans, thumbs-up means yes, very good, or well done. Thumbs down means the opposite.
To call a waiter, raise one hand to head level or above. To show you want the check, make a
movement with your hands as if you are signing a piece of paper. It is all right to point at things but
not at people with the hand and index finger. Americans shake their index finger at children when
they scold them and pat them on the head when they admire them. Learning a culture’s body
language is sometimes confusing. -If you don’t know what to do, the safest thing to do is to smile.
56. From the passage we can learn that_______________
a. gestures don’t mean anything while talking
b. gestures can help us to express ourselves
c. American people often use body language in communication
d. It’s confusing to understand a culture’s body language
57. If you are introduced to a stranger from the USA, you should________________
a. greet him with a hug b. place a hand on his shoulder
c. shake his hand weakly d. shake his hand firmly
58. American people often______________.
a. show their friendship by touching each other
b. glance at each other when they are talking
c. get uncomfortable when you stand or sit too close to them
d. say “Pardon me.” to each other when they are talking
59. When your friend give you a thumbs-up, he; in fact, _________
a. shows his rudeness to you b. shows his anger to you
c. expresses his worries about you d. expresses his satisfaction to you
60. Which of the following is NOT true about the culture of the United States?
a. Pointing at someone is usually considered rude.
b. It’s rude to stare at the other person.
c. It’s impolite to look the other person in the eyes while talking.
d. It’s all right to raise your hand slightly when you want to attract the waiter’s attention.
IV. WRITING
From the words or phrases - a, b, c or d - choose the one that best completes the sentences.
61 that we had to ask a police officer for directions.
a. So confusing the map was b. So confusing was the map
44
c. So was confusing the map d. Such confusing was the map
62. She regretfully told him that___________.
a. she would leave the tickets at home
b. she left the tickets at home
c. she would have left the tickets at home
d. she had left the tickets at home
63. Peter asked me___________
a. what time does the film start b. what time the film starts
c. what time did the film start d. what time the film started
64. It is difficult to determine exactly____________
a. what does the center of the earth consist of
b. what the center of the earth consists of
c. the center of the earth consist of what
d. what of the center of the earth Consists
65. He recommended__________________
a. me reading the book before seeing the movie
b. I would read the book before seeing the movie
c. I should read the book before seeing the movie
d. to read the book before seeing the movie
TEST YOURSELF
I. Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from that of the
others.
1. a. bride b. confine c. oblige d. determine
2. a. interviewed b. performed c. finished d. delivered
3. a. break b. mean c. weight d. raise
II. Choose the word that has the main stress placed on the second syllable.
4. a. mischievous b. informality c. contractual d. confidence
5. a. sacrifice b. diversity c. wrongdoing d. counterpart
III. Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that best completes the sentence.
6. We complained______ the landlord _____ the condition of the house.
a. on - about b. at - for c. with - of d. to - about
7. I apologize______being late, but I missed the bus.
a. for b. of c. by d. to
8. ______special occasions such as weddings, gifts are an expected part of courtesy.
a. In b. For c. On d. To
9. “______” “Short and dark, pretty, cheerful-looking.”
a. How is Jane? b. How does Jane like?
c. What does Jane look like? d. Who does Jane look like?
10.The Vietnamese have a very strong sense of______ so they always welcome their guests
warmly.
a. hospitality b. socialising c. humour d. communication
11.When he passed me in the street, he______a hand in greeting.
a. clapped b. raised c. shook d. held
12.Since you’ve asked me why__________there, I’ll tell you.
a. I went b. did I go c. had I gone d. I was going
13. Shaking hands is the_______way of greeting business counterparts in Europe.
a. convenient b. absolute c. practical d. customary
14. If nobody________, we’ll postpone the meeting till next week.
a. minds b. objects c. refuses d. argues
15. The host asked Peter _________tea or coffee.
a. did he prefer b. that he preferred
c. if he prefers d. whether he preferred
16. We wanted to go to the beach;______it started raining and we stayed at home.
a. otherwise b. moreover c. therefore d. however
17. We_______go to the concert if the rain stops. We don't know for sure.
a. mustn’t b. have to c. might d. wouldn’t
18. Tom said that he ______nothing to upset Daisy the day before.
a. does b. did c. had done d. was doing
19. Police are advising_________ away from the building.
a. people stay b. people to stay c. people staying d. people will stay
20. “Would you like some more sandwiches?” “__________I’m full.”
a. Yes, please b. No, thanks c. Yes, I would d. No, I wouldn’t
IV. Give the correct form or tense of the verb in brackets.
21. Let the boy_____________(try) it himself before you offer to help.
22. We had considerable difficulty___________________(find) anywhere to park.
23. I _____ (go) there once a longtime ago and_________ (not be) back since.
24. Our newest franchise_________(open) in two months, so we need to start hiring new
employees.
25. Some people believe the universe _________ (create) by a big explosion.
V. Give the correct form of the word in brackets.
26. He knew he had been wrong, and fully _________. (apology)
27. The best way to teach kids to be ______is to encourage them! (obey)
28. You will need__________________and strenght to complete this martial arts course,
(determine)
29. Schools play an important part in the________________of our children, (socialize)
46
30. The passengers push toward the edge of the platform and wait _________ .(patient)
VI. Identify the one underlined word or phrase - A, B, C or D - that must be changed for the
31. When Jenny phoned last week, she said that she will be arriving this
A B C
morning, but she hasn’t turned up.
D
32. The meeting scheduling for this morning has been canceled.
A B C D
33. I would rather that they do not travel during the bad weather, but they insist
A B C
that they must return home today.
D
34. Palm-sized computers that connect to the Internet are become very popular.
A B C D
35. My mother reminded me to remember to water her house plants.

A B C D
VII. Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that best fits the blank space in the following
passage.
A very good friend of mine who is a British Asian, once summed this subject up very well
for me. The difference between Asian and Western Culture he said, could be described in one word
- FAMILY.
To the Asian culture, family is the most important thing. They tend to have more children
than their Western (36) _________, they tend to live together or close together in what we
Westerners would call a more old-fashioned (37) _________family, and if you look around, there
are very few Asian old people in Homes or Care Centres, because their families will always (38)
_________ them in their old age.
If you look around your own circle of friends in the Western world (39) _________ you will
almost certainly find that things are quite different. People usually move (40) _________home to
study, and quite possibly then make their own lives in their new, adopted city, - buying homes and
having children some good way from their parents and childhood (41) _________. As the pressures
of raising their own children and fulfilling their own careers grows bigger, they visit Mum and Dad
less and less each year, until it is not (42) _________for a man to visit his elderly parents only once
a year. To an Asian family this is monstrous and disgusting. A work colleague of mine, (43)
_________is first generation British Asian, just cannot understand why her elderly, British
neighbours receive maybe only two visits a year from their two children. The (44) _________
of keeping the family together, and of respecting your elders is generally (45) _________
stronger in Asian cultures.
36. a. partners b. counterparts c. colleagues d. shareholders
37. a. extended b. nuclear c. adoptive d. immediate
38. a. get on b. take in c. look after d. put down
39. a. moreover b. consequently c. therefore d. however
40. a. away from b. up to c. back to d. in on
41. a. experiences b. homes c. memories d. years
42. a. common b. uncommon c. popular d. unpopular
43. a. she b. that c. who d. which
44. a. attitude b. concept c. opinion d. situation
45. a. few b. so c. little d. far
VIII. Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct answer.
Many people think that we can learn a lot about the culture of a foreign country simply by
living in that country. However, this is not necessarily true. Often, the longer we stay in a foreign
country, the more we realize how little we actually know about the culture of that country.
Books and talks about other people’s culture can even be dangerous because they concentrate
on cultural differences and exaggerate national character, and sometimes a lot of information they
contain is untrue.
In a study recently carried out in Britain, people were asked to make a list of anything that
they thought was typical of Britain and would interest a foreign visitor there. Most mentioned
Shakespeare, the Queen, village inns, English folk dancing, English castles, and fish chips wrapped
in newspaper. Although all of these characters can be found in British culture, they do not show the
real interests of ordinary British people: (They are, in fact, simply stereotype - that is, general
character which people wrongly think are typical.) What is surprising is that they were suggested
by British people themselves as representing their culture. If people have such a wrong impression
of their own culture, how much false would their impression of other culture be!
46.If we stay a long time in a foreign country,_____________.
a. we will sometimes forget about culture of our own country
b. we can often learn a lot about the culture of the foreign country
c. we will usually realize our own ignorance about its culture
d. we can seldom find out anything at all about its culture
47.It is hard to learn about a country’s culture from books because such books_________
a. concentrate on the dangers of the foreign
b. exaggerate national character
c. take no notice of culture difference
d. contain little information about culture .
48.When asked about their own culture, many British people________________
a. argued they knew little about British culture
b. said they themselves were not typical of British people
c. gave incorrect answers
d. were surprised by the question asked.
49.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that it’s easy to___________________.
a. know a lot about your own country’s culture
48
b. know the culture of other countries
c. give exact information about your own country
d. describe stereotypes of your country
50.Which of the following is true?
a. The culture of a foreign country can not be learned by reading books.
b. It’s easy to assimilate the culture of a foreign country.
c. Visitors to a country are soon assimilated into its culture.
d. British people understand their own culture more than other culture.
IX. Choose the sentences - a, b, c or d - which is closest in meaning to the printed one.
51.“Why don’t you have your house redecorated, Mike?” said John.
a. John requested Mike to redecorate his house himself.
b. John asked why Mike didn’t redecorate his house.
c. John suggested that Mike should have his house redecorated.
d. John persuaded Mike to have his house redecorated.
52.I’m sorry that I didn’t finish my homework last night.
a. If only I had finished my homework last night.
b. I promise to finish all my homework from now on.
c. I regret to say that I finished my homework last night.
d. I wish I didn’t have to do my homework last night.
53.She asked if I had passed the English test the week before.
a. “Had you passed the English test the week before?” she asked.
b. “Have you passed the English test the week before?” she asked.
c. “Were you passed the English test last week,” she asked.
d. “Did you pass the English test last week?” she asked.
X. From the words or phrases - a, b, c or d - choose the one that best completes the
sentences.
54 ________classes, even when the Weather is bad.
a. Rarely this professor has cancelled b. Has this professor rarely cancelled
c. Has cancelled this professor rarely d. Rarely has this professor cancelled
55. Please let me know_________________.
a. when is it time to go b. when it is time to go
c. when time it is to go d. when to go it is time
UNIT 4: SCHOOL EDUCATION SYSTEM
I. Underlined the stressed syllables in each of the italics.
My favorite subjects at school were science, especially chemistry and biology. I’ve always
been good with numbers, so I was good at mathematics. I didn’t really like social science subjects
like sociology and history, and that’s strange because when I went to university I did geography. I
didn’t like foreign languages and literature, but they are core subjects, which are compulsory in the
national school-leaving examinations.
II. Complete each of the following sentences with an appropriate word from the box.
compulsory fee-paying tearaways academic curriculum
parallel tuition optional core secondary
1. The______________year at Oxford University runs from October to June.
2. They all have to study French because it’s on the______________________.
3. Primary education is _________________for all children from 6 to 11 years old.
4. _________school is for young people between the ages of 11 and 16 or 18.
5. Many parents believe that__________________schools provide a better standard of education.
6. His car was wrecked by a couple of young__________________.
7. In geometry,_______________lines are lines in a plane which do not meet.
8. University of Washington would increase________________by 16 percent a year for the next
two years.
9. With a wide range of _________activities on offer, you can try a different activity every day!
10. A subject is a compulsory subject that must be completed.
1. You have to do well _________to get into medical school. (academic)
2. We found this TV program____________It give people useful knowledge. (educate)
3. Jane is a__________girl. She always do things in a careful and logical way. (method)
4. She has the _________to pass the exam first time round providing she works hard. (able)
5. When he became a teenager he wanted to be more_________ from his parents. (depend)
6. The UK education system has been______________into four segments: primary, secondary,
further and higher education. (category)
7. After_____________ of further Studies in the UK, you can opt for higher studies, (complete)
8. In years past, it was unusual for women to be more highly_____________than men. (educate)
9. We should be able to get them to cooperate without using______________. (compel)
10. GCSE is a British________________taken by students in England and Wales and some other
countries, usually around the age of 16. (examine)
IV. Complete these sentences using the correct passive form of the verb in brackets.
1. You________________(give) the questions in two weeks.
2. All the equipment of this machine_________ (manufacture) by the Boron Group in Germany.
3. In the middle of the village there is a church which_________________(restore) at the
50
moment.
4. The tower is the oldest part of the church. It_________(believe) to be over 600 years old.
5. You’ll hardly recognize our flat. It_________ (redecorate) since your last visit.
6. As my car________________(repair) last Friday, I__________________(give) a lift to work by
a colleague.
7. The air-conditioning system _________ (install) before the first heat of the summer arrived.
8. The ancient language of Aramaic_________ (speak) in only three villages in Syria and
_________(overtake) gradually by Arabic nowadays.
9. Could violence_________(control) more effectively if the police carried guns?
10. For the last ten years the Hall _________(use) as a home for City Arts Center.
V. Complete the news article by putting in the correct active or passive form of the verb in
brackets. Sometimes there is more than one possible answer.
For the last ten years, engineers (1)_____________ (measure) noise levels in Britain’s cities.
The study (2)__________________________________ (just/ complete), and it (3) _________
(show) that there is more noise than ever before. More and more people (4) _________ (drive) mad
by the sounds of the city. Complaints about noise (5) _________(increase) constantly over the last
twenty years. Last year almost 300,000 complaints (6) _________ (make). The least favourite
sources of noise (7) _________ (include) loud music, barking dogs, mobile phones, car alarms and
home improvements. We are all familiar with the problems. How is it that a car alarm (8)
_________ (can/ hear) by everyone except the owner of the car? Why electric drills (9) _____
(have to/ use) early on Sunday morning? Why (10) _________ arguments (carry)
_________on with the windows wide open? ‘Noise (11)______(still/increase),’ said a member of
the research group.
VI. Complete these sentences. Use a passive to-infinitive or ing-form of the verb in brackets.
Sometimes you need to use a perfect form.
1. It’s important for the figures_____________________(update) regularly.
2. The men wanted to avoid____________ (see) on security cameras.
3. Alice is hoping____________________(promote) soon.
4. The goods ought_________ (deliver) two weeks ago.
5. The system was adopted without______(test) two weeks ago.
6. I’d like the money_________(transfer) immediately, please.
7. The Chief Executive insisted on______________________(inform) of every detail.
8. As well as_______________(move) to a less important job, Emily had suffered a drop in
salary.
9. When I woke up in hospital, I remembered ________(bite) by the snake but nothing after that.
10. Changes to the taxation are expected_________ (propose) by the government.
VII. Turn the following sentences into passive voice. Do not mention the agent unless it seems
necessary.
1. We know the Prime Minister has bought a holiday home.
2. The decision has deprived many people of the right to vote.

3. The farmer prevented walkers from crossing the field after he fenced it off.
4. They will announce the Presidents arrival to the waiting journalists.
5. People are spending far more money on food now than they spent ten years ago.
6. The New Arts Gallery is to exhibit my paintings for the first time.
_____________________________________________________________________
7. He expected us to offer him a job.
_____________________________________________________________________
8. Normally men sweep this street every day, but nobody swept it yesterday.
_____________________________________________________________________
9. They recommended opening new factories in the depressed area.
_____________________________________________________________________
10. After the government had spent a million pounds on the scheme, they gave it up.
_____________________________________________________________________
11. We added up the money and found that it was correct.
_____________________________________________________________________
12. The official estimate 200 people were killed by the pollution.
_____________________________________________________________________
13. The government won’t let the refugees get a job.
_____________________________________________________________________
14. We believe that he has special knowledge which may be useful to the police.
_____________________________________________________________________
15. It’s little too loose; you had better ask your tailor to take it in.
_____________________________________________________________________
VIII. Fill in the blank with one appropriate preposition.
In Britain it is compulsory (1)____________children to attend school (2)_______
the ages of five and sixteen. The school year is usually divided (3) _______ three terms. Each term
is about 13 weeks, and each week pupils study about ten subjects. (4) _______the end of the school
year they take an exam (5) _______each subject.
Under the old system, children receive their primary education (6) ______an infant school and
then a junior school, or a primary school that combines the two. (7) _______eleven they had to sit
(8) _______the eleven-plus examination which consisted (9) _______tests in English, Arithmetic
and intelligence tests. Those (10) _______the highest marks (about 20% of the children) were
allowed to go to grammar school. The others were sent (11) _______technical schools.
IX. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first.
1. “That’s correct. The new ring road will be built through the wood.
The government confirmed_____________________________________________________
2. The architect has drawn plans for an extension to the house.
Plans_______________________________________________________________________
52
3. The heavy snow made it impossible for them to have their picnic.
They were prevented__________________________________________________________
4. Everybody has agreed that changes to the scheme are necessary.
Changes____________________________________________________________________
5. My father didn’t return to his hometown until the war ended.
Not until_________________________________________________________________
6. He promised not to report me to the police.
I________________________________________________________________________
7. After twenty-five years of hard work, he made a decision to retire.
After he__________________________________________________________________
8. They are going to rebuild our kitchen next week.
We________________________________________________________________________
9. ‘Oh, just a minute, was it Leonardo or Michelangelo who painted the Mona Lisa?’
He couldn’t remember______________________________________________________
10. The Presidential visit attracted such an enormous crowd that all traffic came to a standstill.
So many people turned _____________________________________________________
TEST 1
I. PRONUNCIATION
1. a. education b. compulsory c. academic d. independent
2. a. secondary b. primary c. category d. certificate
3. a. Algebra b. History c. Statistics d. Chemistry
4. a. Geography b. university c. technology d. methodical
5. a. general b. separate c. educate d. October
II. LANGUAGE FOCUS
6. Education in England is divided ___________ primary, secondary, further and
higher education.
a. in b. into c. up d. with
7. the end of the school year, students take an exam in each subject.
a. On b. To c. In d. At
8. Children are required to be in full-time education___________the ages of 5 and 16.
a. at b. from c. between d. by
9. In Britain it is ____ for children to attend school between the ages of five and sixteen.
a. enforced b. compulsory c. obliged d. made
10. Applicants are evaluated on their…………….qualifications and work experience.
a. learning b. studying c. academic d. educative
11. We acquire much of our world knowledge through_____________.
a. education b. graduation c. condition d. examination
12. English students usually ______ their GCSEs at the age of sixteen.
a. pass b. make c. take d. follow
13. By the age of twenty-five he had__________his ambition of becoming a pianist.
a. reached b. completed c. obtained d. achieved
14. You can study a lot of interesting ______such as Design & Technology, Architecture,
Psychology, Politics at this university.
a. curriculums b. subjects c. schedules d. syllabuses
15. The academic year in England runs from September to July and is divided
into three_______________.
a. terms b. semesters c. seminars d. systems
16. Rarely ______ attracted so much media attention.
a. a debate has b. a debate was c. has a debate d. was a debate
17. The world’s population__________considerably since 1950.
a. is increasing b. increased c. has increased d. has been increased
18. Police _____ illegal drugs in a secret hiding place in the star’s home,
a. reported to have found b. are reported to have found
c. are reported having found d. are reported they have found
19. As soon as the supplies arrive, they will________ to the starving people.
a. distribute b. be distributing c. be distributed d. have distributed
20. When are you going to get the roof____________? It leaks quite badly.
a. repair b. to repair c. repairing d. repaired
21. It’s a long time since London__________in one of its infamous pea-souper fogs.
a. enveloped b. was enveloped c. has enveloped d. has been enveloped
22. Renoir is one of the most popular French impressionist painters. His paintings.............
masterpieces all over the world.
a. consider b. are considering c. are considered d. had considered
23. Her parents were overjoyed that she ________alive.
a. has found b. has been found c. had been found d. had found
24. The number of people affected by the devastating earthquake _______________ with certainty.
a. have not yet determined b. has not yet determined
c. have not yet been determined d. has not yet been determined
25. Frozen food must be packed, _____and stored when the fruit is ripe.
a. be frozen b. must be frozen c. frozen d. it must be frozen
26. Roberta was the first person ________to speak at the meeting.
a. asked b. to ask
c. to be asked d.
who asked
27. If the level of VAT ________this year, small business will be affected.
54
a. raises b. will raise
c. raised d.
is raised
28. It is believed that________over 300 species of trees in El Yunque rain forest
in Puerto Rico.
a. to be b. being
c. there are d. they are
29. The students_________off the land when they tried to camp there.
a. have warned b. warned c. were warned d. had warned
30. As soon as a base............with an acid, salt, and sometimes water, is formed.
a. will react b. reacts
c. is reacting d.
is reacted
31. Education is a subject which many British people deeply care about it.
A B C D
32. Most people believe that the state should provide education free in charge
A B C
and to a high standard.
D
33. Recently, there has been a lot of debate about students have to pay
A B C
their own fees at university.
D
34. Some people are afraid that poorer students will not be received enough
A B
financial help and will be discouraged from going on to higher education.
C D
35. A smaller percentage of British students go on to farther or higher
A B C
education than in any other European country.
D
III. READING
Junior twelfth preschool improving post-graduate
advanced subsidized priority includes budget
Vietnam education system is divided into three stages. The first one is (36) _________
education for children from 3 to 6 years old. The second one is the basic education which (37)
_________ three levels: primary school, which goes from first to fifth grade, usually for
children from 6 to 11; (38) ________high school from sixth to ninth grade, usually for teenagers
from 12 to 15; arid high school from tenth to (39) ________grade, for teenagers from 16 to 18.
After 12 years of basic education, one can continue with (40) ________studies such as university,
college, or vocational schools. Only very small percentage of the population continues to (41)
_________ studies, though this number is rising rapidly.
Developing education system is a top (42)______________of Vietnamese. Every year, a
considerable portion of national (43)_______________________is invested in education. Reforms
are seen in (44)________educational material facilities, teaching, learning and managing capacity.
School fees are (45) ________ at public institutions and textbooks are made affordable for all
students.
B. Read the passage carefully, decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F), and
then answer the questions.
In Britain, children are required to be in full-time education between the ages of 5 and 16.
Different areas of Britain have different school systems. In some areas, children receive their
primary education at an infant school and then a junior school, or at a primary school that combines
the two. At about 11 they begin their secondary education at a comprehensive school, a grammar
school or a high school. In other areas children go to a first school at age 5, a middle school at 8
and an upper school from 13 onwards.
Most children go to state schools. Until 1988 these were all responsible to a Local Education
Authority (LEA). LEAs obtain their funding from central government and the council tax. In 1988
secondary schools and larger primary schools were encouraged to opt out of LEA control and
become grant-maintained.
Some children go to independent school run by private organizations, for which their parents
have to pay fees. A few go to public schools, such as Eton and Harrow. Younger children may
attend a private preparatory school until the age of 13. Some parents may send their children to
private schools, even if this is against their principles, because they thin that their children will
receive a better education.
The British education system aims to educate the whole person, so that each child develops
his or her personality as well as gaining academic knowledge. Most primary and secondary schools
offer a range of extra-curricular activities, including sports, music, community service and trips to
places of interest. Secondary schools also give careers advice and help students to prepare for
having a job by arranging short periods of work experience with local businesses.
True or false? Job profession occupation
46. There are two parallel school systems in Britain.
47. Some English children receive their primary education at the age of 8.
48. Since 1988, most state schools have received money direct from central government.
49. Independent schools receive no money from the government
50. Many activities outside normal lessons are offered at school in Britain.
51. School leavers in Britain are often ill-prepared for employment
Answer the questions.
52. What’s the school-leaving age in Britain?
53. What is the difference between a state school and an independent school?
54. Why do some parents send their children to private schools?
56
55. What is the purpose of the British education system?
IV. WRITING
Choose the sentence - a, b, c or d - which is closest in meaning to the printed one.
56. It is said that two men were arrested after the explosion.
a. People said two men be arrested after the explosion.
b. Two men are said to be arrested after the explosion.
c. Two men are said to have been arrested after the explosion.
d. Two men were said to be arrested after the explosion
57. The court found the man innocent of murdering his wife.
a. The court found a murdered man and his wife.
b. The court decided that the man had killed his wife.
c. The man was found murdered by his wife.
d. The man was judged riot guilty of killing his wife.
58. The plane had only landed when the storm broke.
a. No sooner had the plane landed than the storm broke.
b. The plane had to land because of the outbreak of the storm.
c. Only when the storm broke had the plane landed.
d. The storm broke before the plane landed.
59. Don’t let her treat you like that.
a. She isn’t let treat you like that.
b. You are riot let be treated by her like that.
c. Don’t allow you to be treated like that by her.
d. Don’t let yourself be treated by her like that.
60. Only customers with coupons may use the service.
a. The service is available for coupons only.
b. The service is restricted to customers in possession of coupons.
c. Only rich customers can use the service.
d. Only customers with coupons are serviced here.
TEST 2
I. PRONUNCIATION
others.
1. a. student b. education c. tuition d. curriculum
2. a. certificate b. state c. break d. grade
3. a. primary b. divide c. Examine d. science
4. a. compulsory b. Certificate c. secondary d. category
5. a. technology b. chemistry c. children d. school
B. Choose the word that has the main stress placed differently from that of the others.
6. a. government b. selective c. January d. primary
7. a. education b. compulsory c. technology d. intelligent
8. a. essential b. average c. promotion d. deliver
9. a. require b. select c. follow d. divide
10. a. academic b. advanced c. achievement d. aggressive
II. LANGUAGE FOCUS
11. School boards are usually made___________of people who live in the area, often parents of
children in the school.
a. up b. of c. into d. over
12. Mr. Bush did not appear fully aware ________the importance of this act.
a. to b. for c. of d. on
13. Does the quality of teaching depend ________ class size?
a. in b. on c. of d. up
14.All maintained schools in England are required to follow the National________, which is made
up of twelve subjects.
a. Education b. Academy c. Examination d. Curriculum
15.A(n)…………..school is a school that is not financed by local or national government.
a. state b. independent c. secondary d. primary
16. It would be to your advantage to prepare questions_____________.
a. by chance b. on the whole c. in advance d. for short
17. English children don’t have to pay fees if they go to________________schools.
a. public b. independent c. state d. private
18. _______ allow some students from less affluent families to attend college.
a. Education b. Scholarships c. Methods d. Knowledge
19. In Britain, most pupils transfer from primary to___________school at the age of 11.
a. middle b. secondary c. elementary d. upper
58
20. In Vietnam, teaching_________delivered in the public school system are very teacher-oriented.
a. behaviors b. systems c. methods d. stages
21. So many________ people applied for the position that we won’t be able to make a decision for
several weeks.
a. well-qualified b. well-behaved c. well-known d. well-mannered
22. Any child has the right to an education________of sex, creed, race, or nationality.
a. despite b. because c. regardless d. providing
23. Foreign ________institutions are increasingly open in Vietnam, especially in the fields of
English language and business.
a. educative b. education c. educating d. educational
24. This course is one of the few English courses_________by the college each month.
a. offered b. required c. achieved d. received
25. The GCE “A” Level is a _____ for advanced students who are able to study at the university.
a. degree b. level c. certificate d. grade
26. Both domestic and imported automobiles must___________anti-pollution devices.
a. equip with b. be equipped with c. equip by d. be equipped by
27. On July 20, 1969, astronaut Neil Armstrong_____________down onto the moon.
a. was stepping b. stepped c. has stepped d. was stepped
28. The first cotton mill in Massachusetts__________in the town of Beverly in 1787.
a. built b. has built c. was built d. has been built
29. In 1959 the political philosopher Hannah Arendt became the first woman ________ a full
professor at Princeton University.
a. to appoint b. was appointed
c. to be appointed d. who be appointed as
30 through a prism, a beam of white light breaks into all the colors of the rainbow.
a. When shines b. It shines c. It is shone d. When shone
31. By tomorrow morning everything__________up in time for the performance.
a. will be set b. will have been set
c. have already been set d. had already been set
32. The battery, along with the alternator and starter, ________up the electrical system of a
car.
a. makes b. make c. is made d. are made
33. Seldom________a child with so much talent.
a. I saw b. I had seen c. had I seen d. was I seen
34. Michelle would rather that Sheila________ to work yesterday.
a. come b. came c. could come d. had come
35. When the old school friends met, a lot of happy memories______________back.
a. brought b. had brought c. were brought d. had been brought
36. Whereas manypeople visit Internet site where products are sold, a great number of them
still.................to actually make purchases online.
a. are hesitant b. is hesitating c. being hesitant d. is hesitated
37. Nowadays children would prefer history___________in more practical ways.
a. be taught b. to be taught c. teach d. to teach
38. We were shocked to hear the news________ .
a. about your having fired b. of your having been fired
c. that you to be fired d. you have been fired
39. Is there any chance to have the machinery______________?
a. repair b. be repaired c. repairing d. repaired
40. As a result of inflation, the price of new cars________dramatically over the last few months.
a. rose b. is rising c. was risen d. has risen
41. We have a lot of homework to do, many of which should have been done
A B C D
yesterday.
42. The human brain is often comparing to a computer, but such an analogy
A B C
can be misleading.
D
43. Geothermal energy is energy to obtain by using heat from the Earth’s interior.
A B C D
44. While most of the books in this pile have been classificated some are still
A B
in need of categorization.
C D
45. The popularity of recreational vehicles has been grown over the last few decades.
A B C D
III. READING
passage.
Many English people worry that the education system fails to make sure that
all children reach minimum standards of (46)______________(reading and writing) and numeracy
(number skills), and there are often demands for more (47)_________to be paid to the three R’s
(reading, writing and arithmetic). Standards at, individual schools are watched (48) _________by
parents and govvisited. Schools are visited regularly by OFSTED inspectors and schools
(49)________pupils are not making adequate progress or in which discipline is poor risk being
closed (50) ________ School performance tables are (51) ________annually to show how well
students in individual schools have done in tests and exams. These ‘league tables’ (52)
60
________parents to compare one school with another, but many people feel that it is unfair to base
a comparison on exam results alone.
Educational (53) ________ are often said to be falling. This usually happens after GCSE
and A level results are announced: if there are a lot of students with high (54) ________people say
that the exams are too easy. Others think that standards are rising and that it is now (55) _________
harder to achieve good grades.
46. a. morality b. professional c. literacy d. living
47. a. attraction b. attention c. achievement d. education
48. a. closely b. hardly c. silently d. generally
49. a. their b. which c. whose d. those
50. a. down b. up c. by d. in
51. a. organized b. compiled c. revealed d. published
52. a. require b. enable c. offer d. force
53. a. schemes b. services c. standards d. stages
54. a. grades b. levels c. fees d. notes
55. a. so b. very c. quite d. much
The entire education system in Vietnam is now facing several crises such as out-of-date course
curricula, a lecturer-centered method of teaching and learning, research activities separated from
teaching activities, a big gap between theory and practice that leads to a large number of graduates
being unable to find a job, and the fact that degrees from Vietnamese universities are not
recognized worldwide. There is, therefore, a huge demand for quality educational services.
Teaching methods delivered in the public school system are very teacher- oriented. You will
find that the students are quite studious and very disciplined in the classroom. The more successful
students are those who can absorb the given material and transfer the knowledge to their notebooks
as in class debate is not entirely welcome in every class. This is a sharp contrast to western
classroom settings where participation and challenging of materials has a greater focus.
Students are arranged by class number and do not move from classroom to classroom between
classes. They also stay together as a small group for their entire elementary, junior-high, or high-
school levels in one location per grade. The teachers are the ones who float from classroom to
classroom making it difficult for the Vietnamese teacher to establish a room of their own. This is
where western students develops much needed social skills, whereas the Vietnamese students
develop a stronger group bond. The end result though, is the severe shyness in many Vietnamese
when introduced to a new group of people and the need to interact. It becomes even more apparent
at the university level.
56. According to the passage, the difference between the theory and practice
makes______________.
a. an impact on teaching quality
b. students feel embarrassed when leaving schools
c. it clear that degrees from Vietnamese universities are not recognized worldwide
d. it difficult for school-leavers to find employment
57. Which of the following is NOT true about teaching methods in the public school system in
Vietnam?
a. They are teacher-oriented. b. They promote rote learning,
c. They encourage class discussions, d. They makes students study a lot.
58. The word ‘bond’ in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to.
a. relationship b. discussion c. skill d. activity
59. According to the passage, Vietnamese students seem to lack all of the
following EXCEPT_______________.
a. independent thinking b. academic knowledge
c. social skills c. communication
60. What is the author’s main purpose in this passage?
a. To show the development of the Vietnamese education system.
b. To explain the difference between Vietnamese students and western students.
c. To point out some weak points of the Vietnamese education system.
d. To classify the education system in Vietnam.
IV. WRITING
61. Newly installed gypsum board walls_____________before they are painted.
a. with a sealant coated b. should coat with a sealant
c. coating with a sealant d. should be coated with a sealant
62. ________by word of mouth, much Native American literature is oral.
a. It is transmitted b. Transmitted c. Transmitting it d. Transmitted it
63. Over the river and through the woods______________my grandparents live.
a. the house is where b. where is the house
c. is the house where d. where the house is
64. Most southern states had set up primary school system by the late eighteenth century, but
only in New England.................and open to all students.
a. primary schools were free b. were primary schools free
c. free were primary schools d. were free primary schools
65. He has received several scholarships_______________.
a. because of his academic and artistic ability
b. for both his academic ability as well as his artistic
c. as resulting of his ability in the art and the academic
d. in spite of his academic ability and his artistic ability
62
UNIT 5: HIGHER EDUCATION
I. Put the following words into the right categories according to their stress pattern.
education existence applicant insurance
university admission preference undergraduate
aborigines agency indicated average
certificate sociology architecture academic
requirement institution considerably tertiary
archaeology severely candidate Mathematics
opportunity performance international majority
agriculture agricultural tutorial available
thoroughly identity security economics
linguistics engineering creativity proficiency
First syllable
Second syllable
Third syllable
II. Complete each of the sentences with the correct form of the word in brackets.
1. The must file a written to the university. (apply)
2. Many students apply for____________________to more than one college. (admit)
3. Research shows children perform better ________when they continue in the same school.
(academy)
4. There's only one way to become____________ at anything practice! (proficiency)
5. When is the final date for the________ of theses? (submit)
6. A good teacher can encourage ________in students. (create)
7. To find out about entry_____________________for international students, write to the college
admissions board. (require)
8. Such a bad behavior is totally______________ in a civilized society. (accept)
9. Success should not be measured solely by educational__________________. (achieve)
10.It is the chief executive’s opinion which is ultimately '__________________. (decide)
11.Exercise classes are a good way to keep fit and improve your________________life. (society)
12.Halloween is so________________because it is the day of the devil. (scare)
III. Fill in each blank with one appropriate word given to complete the passage.
record – its – on – native – examination - reference – apply – who
American high school students (1)______want to study at a college or university have to take a
standardized (2)________________________, e.g. the SAT (Scholastic Aptitude Test) or the ACT
(American College Test). Students from countries outside the US who are not (3) _________,
speakers of English must also take the TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language). Each
college or university decides (4)___________the minimum score it will accept, though test scores
are never the only factor taken into account. Students (5) ________directly to between three and
six colleges in their last year of high school. Each college has (6) ________ own application form
and most include a question for which the student must write an essay. The student also has to send
a performance (7) ________(an official list of all the subjects studied and the grades received) and
letters of (8) ________.
IV. Complete the following conditional sentences with the correct form or tense of the verbs
in the bracket.
1. OK, OK, I’ll lend you the money as long as you__________(pay) me back next week.
2. What would you do if your car____________(break) down miles from anywhere?
3. Quite frankly, I think you’re going to fail the exam unless you ________(work) harder.
4. We ________ (need) more chairs if we are going to invite so many people to the performance.
5. There_______________(be) no cinema in the town if the Odeon were to close.
6. If I (know) Chinese, I’d do the translation myself.
7. But supposing our train is late, how ________(we/ get) to the airport on time?
8. I’d apply for that job as an interpreter if I________ (speak) better French.
9. I’m sure you___________(not get) those headaches all the time if you wore your glasses more
often.
10. I’ll lend you War and Peace if I________(finish) it before you go on holiday.
11. If I had enough money I________ (buy) a villa.
12. I’d play a lot of sport if I________ (not have) so much work to do.
13. If I pass this exam I ________(go) to the university next October.
14. If we_______(have) fine weather tomorrow, I’m going to paint the windows.
15. I’d go and see doctor with that rash if I__________________(be) you.
V. Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tense to form 3rd or mixed conditionals.
1. If I ________ (not see) it with my own eyes, I________ (not believe) it!
2. We ________(still live) in Cardiff if we _________________(not find) someone to buy our
house last year.
3. If Hilary ________ (not look) out of the window at that moment, she________(not spot) the
criminals trying to break into her car.
4. Nobody ________ (ever guess) he was a thief if he_______(not catch) red-handed taking
money from the safe.
5. Henry________ (not ever get) that job at the bank if he________ (not go) to school with the
manager’s son.
64
6. Just think, if I________ (take) that job with the export company, I________ (live) in Sao paulo
now, not Manchester!
7. If the doctor________ (not notice) the defect when I was a child, I________ (be) practically
blind by now.
8. We ________ (be) home in beds ages ago if you ________(not lose) the map!
9. Frank ________ (not be) here today if that boy ________ (not know) how to do artificial
respiration.
10. If you ________ (listen) to the traffic report on the radio this morning, we ________ (not sit)
here in this jam.
VI. Are the underlined parts of the sentences correct? Correct the ones that are wrong.
1. If I have my wish. I’d be a film star.
2. If the disease will be untreated, it can lead to brain damage.
3. If a UFO landed in the center of London, there would be mass panic.
4. Have we delayed and longer, we would have been too late.
5. It would be embarrassing, was she to find out the truth.
6. If you’ll tell me where the vacuum cleaner is. I’ll clean the house.
7. If they would have bought a group ticket, it would have been less expensive.
8. The alarm rings if anyone will approach the house.
9. If anything shall go wrong, give me a ring.
10. Just keep quiet about it. Mention it to anyone or you’ll regret it.
11. If we drove through the town center, it will take longer.
12. If I am the President of the United States. I would order its nuclear weapons to be destroyed.
13. If he won’t resign, the Prime Minister should sack him.
14. Hadn’t I examined the photograph myself. I would have thought it was a fake.
15. It would be a serious setback, were the talks to fail.
VII. Complete the sentences with an appropriate verb form.
1. Our classroom doesn’t have any windows. I wish our classroom _________windows.
2. The sun isn’t shining. I wish the sun :____________________right now.
3. I didn’t go shopping. I wish I____________________shopping.
4. I don’t know how to dance. I wish I____________________how to dance.
5. You didn’t tell them about it. I wish you___________ them about it.
6. Sarah sings like an angel. I wish she ________ a couple of songs.
7. I can’t go with you today, but I wish I_________________.
8. My friend won’t lend me his car. I wish he ________ me his car for my date tomorrow night.
9. Khalid didn’t come to the meeting. I wish he______________to the meeting.
10. Why won’t you go home? Everybody wishes you_____________home.
VIII. Complete the sentences to express your thoughts for each of the following situations.
1. Your colleague keeps interrupting you when you’re speaking.
I’d rather you_____________________________________________________
2. It’s ten to nine and your sister has to be at the station at nine!
Come on, it’s time you________________________________________________
3. You lost your temper at work this morning and now you’re sorry.
I wish___________________________________________________________
4. Your brother is pretending not to have seen his old girlfriend.
Why are you acting as though ___________________________________________
5. You think your friend might lose his job and he should think about this possibility.
But suppose you_____________________________________________________
6. A friend has rather stupidly given your phone number to an insurance agent.
I’d rather you _____________________________________________________
7. Someone who’s rather wealthy is always complaining about having no money.
Oh, stop talking as if you_______________________________________________
8. You’re depressed because you have to go back to work tomorrow.
If only I_________________________________________________________
9. A passenger on a boat stopped you from falling overboard by holding on to your belt!
If he ____________________________________________________________
10. You. think you may have called your friend at an inconvenient moment.
Would you rather I___________________________________________________
IX. Write a sentence of similar meaning using the word in brackets.
1. But for the view, this would be a lovely room, (if)
__________________________________________________________________
2. The police are ready on the streets because the protest may get violent, (in case)
__________________________________________________________________
3. Please give the book back to me some time - I’d be grateful, (if)
__________________________________________________________________
4. I’m living in Italy because I got married to an Italian, (if)
__________________________________________________________________
5. I might lose my job, but they’d have to pay me a month’s wages, (should)
__________________________________________________________________
6. Simon was ill, so he didn’t go to the party, (if)
__________________________________________________________________
7. We’ve got a broken window because you and your friends were playing football in the back
yard! (if).
__________________________________________________________________
8. If you don’t leave the building immediately, I’ll call security, (or)
__________________________________________________________________
9. If the bank hadn’t given me a loan, I would not have been able to set up my business, (but for)
__________________________________________________________________
10. I missed the end of the film so I don’t know who the murderer was. (if)
__________________________________________________________________
66
TEST 1
I. PRONUNCIATION
1. a. academic b. campus c. apply d. entrance
2. a. receive b. achieve c. increase d. creative
3. a. tutor b. subject c. study d. result
4. a. scary b. challenge c. psychology d. course
5. a. require b. society c. twice d. applicant
II. LANGUAGE FOCUS

A. Choose the one word or phrase -a, b, cord-that best completes the sentences.
6. My brother is 20. He’s still___________university in York.
a. in b. on c. at d. for
7. She is interested___________working in university administration.
a. in b. for c. on d. of
8. Students have to apply ________ a place at the university while doing the A level
a. in b. on c. from d. for
9. The college he________ to has accepted him.
a. submitted b. required c. applied d. decisive
10. Students normally enter university from 18 onwards and study for an ________degree
a. academy b. academia
c. academic
d. academically
11. For this course a pass in English at grade B is______________.
a. acceptable b. available c. accessible d. decisive
12. Several students failed to reach the_______________standard.
a. require b. required
c. requisite d. requirement
13. To be offered a place at such a good university is quite a(n)____________..
a. proficiency b. preference c. achievement d. benefit
14. Whenever something goes wrong, everyone____________it on me.
a. blames b. charges c. insists d. accuses
15. Please complete the__________form and return it to us.
a. applying b. application c. applicant d. applicable
16. If it __________tomorrow, I will not have to water the garden.
a. will rain b. is raining c. rained d. rains
17. Had I known his address, I _______before.
a. Would write b. have written c. had written d. would have written
18. Supposing I__________to agree to your request, how do you think the other
students would feel?
a. would b. am c. were d. could
19. _____ already busy in August, I would gladly accept your invitation.
a. Was I not b. Were I not c. If I am not d. Unless I was not
20. If she_________rich, she would travel around the world.
a. would be b. is c. had been d. were
21. I would appreciate it__________what I have told you a secret.
a. you can keep b. that you kept c. you will keep d. if you kept
22. George wouldn’t have met Mary _____ to his brother’s graduation party,
a. if he has not gone b. if he should not have gone
c. hadn’t he gone d. had he not gone
23. If you had taken my advice, you__________in such difficulties now.
a. won’t be b. hadn’t been c. wouldn’t be d. wouldn’t have been
24. The minister has a talent for talking to ordinary people as if they________her equals.
a. are b. were c. be d. had been
25. I wish Mark_________; a little better when we have visitors.
a. will behave b. would behave c. behaves d. had behaved
26. If it______more humid in the desert of the Southwest, the hot temperatures
would be unbearable.
a. is b. were c. would be d. had been
27. If he hadn’t shown such a blatant disregard for company regulations by
smoking while on duty, he____________
a. wouldn’t dismiss b. wouldn’t be dismissed
c. wouldn’t have dismissed d. wouldn’t have been dismissed
28. He behaved as if nothing_____________.
a. has happened b. would happen c. had happened d. was happening
29 you at the station if you’d told me you were coming today.
a. I’d met b. I’d have met c. I met d. I’d meet
30. If only he______us the truth in the first place, things wouldn’t have gone so wrong.
a. told b. have told c. had told d.would have told
31. It would have been better if you wouldn’t have argued with him last night.
A B C D
32. Suppose you haven’t found your car keys, what would you have done?
A B C D
33. A basic knowledge of social studies, such as history and geography,
A
68
are considered a basic part of the education of every child.
B C D
34. The best way to do well in college is to keep up constantly with the homework,
A B
read everything that are required and regularly outline all class notes.
C D
35. Alaska is not only the biggest American state in area, but the smallest
A B C
in population.
D
111. READING
Graduates through formerly condition finals
Tuitions education concern doctorate grant
After school many British students go to university. They apply to several
universities (36)___________UCAS (Universities and Colleges Admission Service)
and receive offers of a place on (37) _______that they achieve certain grades in their A levels.
A first degree, the Bachelor’s degree, generally takes three years. Most courses end with
exams called (38) _______ . Results are given as classes: a first is the highest class, seconds
are often split between upper second and lower second, and below that is a third. (39) _______may
add the letters BA (Bachelor of Arts) or BS (Bachelor of Science) after their name. Some graduates
go on to study for a further degree, often a master’s degree or a (40)_______.
Students in Britain (41)_______had their tuition fees paid by the state and received a
government (42) _______to help pay their living expenses. Now they receive only a loan towards
their expenses, and have to pay £1000 a year towards (43)_______. The new arrangements have
caused a great deal of (44) _______both among students and among members of the public
who believe that (45) _______should be free.
B. Read the instructions to apply for admission to a college or university in Viet Nam and in
the U.S.A, then decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F).
APPLICATION PROCEDURE(S) IN VIET NAM
1. Applicants are required to take the National Entrance Examinations before being admitted to
higher education institutions. Application forms for these examinations must be submitted before
the deadline, often in April. An application fee must be included.
2. Application for admission cannot be processed without a high school diploma; so high school
students have to pass the national school-leaving exam in early June. Points will be added to the
Entrance Examination scores for those who hold an excellent high school diploma.
3. The National Entrance Examinations are held in early July. And results will be notified in late
August.
4. The acceptance notice will be sent to you if your scores meet the requirement of admission.
Copies of your academic records should be submitted in time before the new school year.
FRESHMAN APPLICATION PROCEDURE(S) IN THE U.S.A
Students are required to complete the following steps when applying for admission as a first-
time freshmen student:
1. An application for admission must be completed. Application can be obtained from the
institution’s admissions office. An application fee must be included.
2. Official high school transcripts must be sent to the institution’s admissions office before the
deadline. An official GED Certificate may be used in the absence of a high school diploma.
3. The scores on either the SAT or the ACT must be submitted. Colleges and universities use
these score to help predict a student’s future success in higher education. High school students
usually take these examinations in their junior year or early in their senior year.
46. Vietnamese students have to take an entrance exam to go to a college or university.
47. In Viet Nam, a high school diploma is not needed to enter a higher education institution.
48. Vietnamese students who have an excellent high school diploma will have the advantage over
the other students.
49. Students in the USA have to take the Entrance Exams to colleges or universities.
50. No application fee is required in the USA.
51. A GED Certificate may help American students qualify for admission to a college or
university.
52. American students take the SAT or ACT test in high school to be qualified for higher
education institutions.
IV. WRITING
Choose the best sentence - a, b, c or d - which is made from the given cues.
53. most British universities/ academic year/ divide/ three terms//
a. At most British universities the academic year is divided into three terms.
b. The academic year of most British universities divides into three terms.
c. In most British universities the academic year is divided up to three terms.
d. Most British universities divide the academic year up to three terms.
54. small percentage/ British students/ go on/ further education/ other European country//
a. A smaller percentage of British students goes on to further education than in any other
European country.
b. A smaller percentage of British students go on to further education as in any other
European country.
c. A smaller percentage of British students go on to further education than in any other
European country.
d. A smaller percentage of British students goes on to further education as in any other
European country.
55. it/ agree/ good education/ give/ people/ best chance/ get/ good job/ improve/ social position//
a. It agrees that a good education gives people the best chance to get a good job and to
improve their social position.
b. It’s agreed that a good education gives people the best chance of get a good job and
improve their social position.
c. It’s agreed that a good education gives people best chance getting a good job and improving
their social position.
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d. It’s agreed that a good education gives people the best chance of getting a good job and of
improving their social position.
TEST 2
I. PRONUNCIATION
others.
1. a. blame b. amaze c. scary d. inflation
2. a. course b. daunt c. taught d. college
3. a. achieved b. advanced c. required d. replied
4. a. admission b. measure c. decision d. pleasure
5. a. experience b. excited c. existence d. expression
6. a. university b. international c. agricultural d. philosophy
7. a. available b. certificate c. opportunity d. tutorial
8. a. lecturer b. identity c. socially d. calendar
9. a. tertiary b. reference c. insurance d. thoroughly
10. a. considerable b. engineering c. economics d. academic
II. LANGUAGE FOCUS
A. Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c or -d - that best completes the sentence.
11. Sarah lived___________campus in her first year at college.
a. in b. on c. at d. into
12. Taking part________the Advanced Engineering project gave me a chance to
use my knowledge to help society.
a. to b. on c. in d. for
13. Police are blaming the accident___________dangerous driving.
a. of b. over c. to d. on
14 ______her tears, she waved goodbye to her family from the station platform.
a. Filling out b. Bringing in c. Turning over d. Fighting back
15. Are you _______ well at college?
a. getting on b. going off c. taking up d. turning over
16. Students at university are called______while they are studying for their first degree.
a. graduates b. graduators c. postgraduates d. undergraduates
17. A university degree has become a____________for entry into most professions.
a. registration b. requisite c. receipt d. reference
18. must satisfy the requirement for admission to the university.
a. Applications b. Applicators c. Applicants d. Applying
19. No previous knowledge of Arabic is required for____________to the university.
a. admission b. acceptance c. decision d.attendant
20 _______, these students are among the best prepared who have been through
this university.
a. At the whole b. On the whole c. In the general d. In generally
22. He clearly had no______of doing any work, although it was only a week till the exam
a. desire b. ambition c. willingness d. intention
23. The students failed to meet the necessary___________for admission to the course.
a. fulfillments b. qualities c. requirements d. aptitudes
23 _______applicants should send their completed forms to the personnel office.
a. Qualitative b. Qualifications c. Qualifying d. Qualified
24. At first, I felt a little___________at the thought of being lonely.
a. scare b. scared c. scary d. scaring
25. UCSA is a central agency which acts _______UK universities and colleges of higher
education.
a. as a result of b. on behalf of c. for benefit of d. by reason of
26. I would have saved myself a lot of time and trouble over the years _____ then what I know
today.
a. if I knew b. onlyhad I known c. I had known d.had I known
27. It was reported that neither the passengers nor the driver___________in the crash.
a. were injured b. has been injured c. was injured d. have been injured
28. If the ozone layer__________, most living things on the earth_______________.
a. is destroyed - will disappear b. was destroyed - would be disappeared
c. had destroyed - would disappear d. were destroyed - would disappear
29. If you _______down for a few moment, I’ll tell the manager you’re here.
a. should sit b. will sit c. are going to sit d. are sitting
30. The woman wished she ______such drastic action when the stock market
seemed volatile.
a. had not taken b. did not take c. not take d. was not taken
31. I wish it_________raining soon so that we can go out for dinner.
a. will stop b. would stop c. stops d. had stopped
32. for the fact that he was working abroad, he would willingly have helped with the project.
a. If it had beenb. b. If it hadn’t been c. Had it been d. Hadn’t it been
33. I am so tired from working all the time. I wish I_______________on a beach now.
a. am lying b. were lying c. would lie d. had lain
34. Despite losing the election, she continues to act as though she_______prime minister.
a. were b. is c. has been d. had been
35. If I had gone to the party last night, I tired how.
a. am b. were c. would be d. would have been
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36. The floor in the room was so dirty as if it______________for months.
a. hadn’t swept b. wouldn’t have swept
c. haven’t been swept d. hadn’t been swept
37. _______, I could not have done it.
a. But for your support b. If you didn’t support
c. Because of your support d. Hadn’t you supported
38. I___to see you tomorrow unless I ___ late at the office.
a. will come - keep b. am coming - am not kept
c. will come - am kept d. would come - was kept
39. Jack would have studied medicine if he_______ to a medical school.
a. had admitted b. could be able to enter
b.were admitted d. had been admitted
40. I didn’t get home until well after midnight last night. Otherwise, I________your call,
a. returned b. had returned c. would return d. would have returned
C. Identify the one underlined word or phrase - A, IT, C or D - that must be
changed for the sentence to be correct.
41. Having found guilty of racketeering, the mobster was sentenced to a
A B C D
number of years in prison.
42. We would have to move upstairs should the river rise any higher.
A B C D
43. Most college-age students today are interested in finding universities in
A B
which can pursue both academic and athletic extra-curricular activities.
C D
44. If Jorge been able to complete his thesis instead of returning to work,
A B C
he would have graduated a year ago.
D
45. Because the students showed they had read the materials so thorough.
A B C
the instructor decided not to administer an exam.
D
III. READING
A. Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that best fits the blank space in the following passage.
At most British universities the academic year is divided into three (46)_______ Students study
a main subject throughout their degree course, which is usually a mix of (47) ______ courses and
electives. Teaching methods vary between universities. Most students have lectures and (48)
______ (discussion groups) and there are practicals for those doing a science subject. At some
universities students have individual (49) ______or supervisions.
In Britain a professor is the person in (50)___________of a department or a senior member of
staff. Other teaching and research staff are called (51) Junior academic staff may be called research
associates. In the US most people who teach at colleges or universities and have a (52)_______are
addressed as professor. Graduate students working towards a higher degree may teach (53)_______
courses at larger universities. These grad students are called TAs (teaching assistants). In
(54)_______, TAs do not have to pay for their own tuition and get a small amount of money to live
(65)_______.
46. a. semesters b. intervals c. durations d. terms
47. a. optional b. obligated c. compulsory d. alternative
48. a. seminars b. courses c. meetings d. classes
49. a. qualifications b. tutorials c. experiences d. assistances
50. a. way b. position c. post d. charge
51. a. teachers b. tutors c. lecturers d. doctors
52. a. doctorate b. diploma c. certificate d. degree
53. a. graduated b. graduating c. graduation d. undergraduate
54. a. result b. return c. general d. advance
55. a. in b. by c. on d. through
Normally a student must attend a certain number of courses in order to graduate, and each
course which he attends gives him a credit which he may count towards a degree. In many
American universities the total work for a degree consists of thirty-six courses each lasting for one
semester. A typical course consists of three classes per week for fifteen weeks; while attending
university a student will probably attend two terms each year. It is possible to spread to period of
work for the degree over a longer period. It is also possible for a student to move between one
university and another during his degree course, though this is not in fact done as a regular practice.
For every course that he follows a student is given a grade, which is recorded, and the
record is useful for the student to show to coming employers. Most of the students feel the pressure
of work, but in spite of this some students still find time for great activity in student affairs. The
students are interested in elections to positions in student organization. The effective work of
keeping orders is usually performed by students who advise the university authorities. Any student
who is thought to have broken the rules, for example, by cheating has to appear before a student
court. With the large numbers of students, the operation of the system includes a certain amount of
activity. A student who has held one of these positions is much respected and it will be of
importance to him later in his career.
56. According to the first paragraph an American is allowed_______________.
a. to live in a different university
b. to take a particular course in a different university
c. to get two degree from two different universities
d. to study at home.
57. Which of the following is useful for students’ future career?
a. an attendance record b. a military record
c. an academic record d. a disciplinary record
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58. American university students are usually under pressure of work because_________.
a. their university performance will affect their future careers
b. they are heavily involved in student affairs
c. they have to observe strict university regulations
d. they are interested in running for positions in student organizations.
59. The student organizations seem to be effective in______________.
a. dealing with affairs of the university
b. keeping up the students’ interests for social activities
c. checking students’ performance by taking them to a student court
d. ensuring that the students obey university rules
60. According to the last two sentences it’s important______________.
a. to take part in student organizations
b. to hold a position in student organizations
c. to be respected by members of student organizations
d. to run a student organization
IV. Writing
Choose the sentences - a, b, c or d - which is closest in meaning to the printed one.
61. In the event that nuclear weapons being used, we are all doomed.
a. If it should happen that nuclear weapons are used, we are all doomed.
b. We are all doomed to die in nuclear war.
c. The nuclear war is unavoidable and will doom us all.
d. That nuclear weapons will doom us all is unbelievable.
62. My brother regretted having bought the second-hand laptop.
a. My brother wished he had bought the second-hand laptop.
b. My brother wished he didn’t buy the second-hand laptop.
c. My brother wished he hadn’t bought the second-hand laptop.
d. If only my brother had bought the second-hand laptop.
63. Thanks to her high grades at university, she is offered the position.
a. If she got high grades at university, she would be offered the position.
b. It was her high grades at university which offer her the position.
c. If she hadn’t got high grades at university, she would nothave been offered the position.
d. If she had not got high grades at university, she would not be offered the position.
64. We can’t possibly afford Harvard University.
a. The tuition fee at Harvard is too high for us.
b. We can’t be accepted by Harvard University.
c. We like Harvard University but we don’t want to apply to it.
d. We don’t know how to apply to Harvard University.
65. Had we left any later, we would have missed the train.
a. We left too late to catch the train.
b. We almost missed the train.
c. Because the train was late, we missed it.
d. We didn’t missed the train because it left late.
UNIT 6: FUTURE JOBS
I. Choose the word with main stress placed differently from that of the others.
1. a. accompany b. category c. resume d. advice
2. a. retail b. vacancy c. interview d. fantastic
3. a. responsibility b. recommendation c. electrician d. qualification
4. a. confident b. impression c. employment d. diploma
5. a. experience b. suitable c. concentrate d. comment
6. a. po’lite b. ‘honest c. en’thusiasm d. tech’nique
7. a. irrigation b. manufacture c. imaginary d. engineer
8. a. ‘workforce b. ‘journalist c. ‘interested d. throughout
9. a. popu’larity b. con’gratulate c. disappointed d. Advertisement
10. a. financial b. pressure c. technical d. advertise
II. Complete each of the sentences with an appropriate verb from the box.
Offer interview looking for concentrate prepare
commented admit employed advertised create
1. If you don’t_________well you are unlikely to get the job.
2. I saw the job_______________on the Internet.
3. The first step in a job search is to______ an up-to-date CV.
4. I prefer to your recent interview and am pleased to _______you the position of editor.
5. A large part of the workforce is _______in agriculture.
6. During the interview, you should_______ on what the interviewer is saying and try to answer
his questions clearly.
7. He was honest enough to ________his mistake.
8. It’s hoped that the scheme will _______new jobs in the region.
9. He got made redundant, so now he is _______work again.
10. Researchers who read the report_______ that it has many errors.
force (n) lực lượng (v) ép buộc
III. Complete the passage with the correct form of the word in brackets.
So you’ve found a job that you want to apply for. What next? Usually you phone the company
and ask for an (1) __application____(apply) form and a job (2) __description____ (describe). The
(3) _advertisement_____ (advertise) will often have a reference number, so make sure you have
that handy when you call. Think (4)____carefully____ (careful) about the job - is this the job you
want? Could you do it? OK, you have the form in front of you - either a paper copy or on your
computer. Some good advice is to take your time and make sure that the (5) _information_______
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(inform) you give is specific to this job and not just general. Remember that this is the first (6)
__impression_____(impress) that an (7) ___employer_____(employ) will have of you, and they
will probably have a lot of applications - if it is messy, or filled in (8) __correctly______ (correct),
it will go straight into the bin! Fill in all parts of the application form - if you think it doesn’t apply
to you, write n/a, which means ‘not applicable’, but don’t leave blanks. After you’ve completed the
form, most applications will also ask you to include a (9) ___cover____ (cover) letter. This is your
chance to shine. Why are you the best person for the job? Why are your experience and (10)
___qualifications___ (qualify) relevant and what personal qualities do you have that would (11)
___benefit___ (beneficial) the employer? Don’t be modest here, but don’t lie - if you say that you
speak (12) ___fluently____ (fluency) Spanish, and you can actually only say hello and goodbye,
you are asking for trouble!
IV. Fill in each gap with an appropriate preposition.
1. She’s very keen _______ getting a highly-paid job.
2. We’re interviewing _______the job in the Sales Department.
3. He was tempted to give _______ freelancing and get a regular job.
4. She made helpful comments _______ my work.
5. Try to make an immediate impression _______ your interviewer.
6. You may jot _______ your qualifications and experience that can relate _______ the job.
7. I’ll tell you how to succeed _______ a job interview.
8. I decided to concentrate all my efforts _______ finding a better-paid job.
9. He’s been _______work since the factory closed.
10. Ask somequestions to show that you’re interested _______the interview and that you have
prepared well_______it.
V. Write all the relative pronouns or relative adverbs possible to complete each sentence.
Write Ø if the sentence is correct without adding a pronoun or adverb.
1. Students _get _______ below-average exam results do not have the best prospects.
2. Only about 70 people live on Lundy Island, _______ lies off the coast of Devon.
3. Accidents _______ happen at night usually involve fewer people.
4. Marian Evans, _______wrote under the name of George Eliot, was a great novelist.
5. Religion is a subject on _______people hold very firm opinions.
6. The scientist _______we met yesterday is well known for her research.
7. Do you know the date _______ we have to hand in the essay?
8. The Queen’s eldest son is Charles, _______marriage to Diana ended in 1996.
9. No one cares about the starving people for _______the aid is intended.
10. Leanne wishes she still had the camera _______James broke.
11. Steve couldn’t understand the woman _______ Hannah was interviewing.
12. I don’t understand the assignment _______the professor gave us for next Monday.
13. I live in a dormitory _______residents come from many countries.
14. His new shirt didn’t fit, so Dan took it back to the store _______he’d bought it.
15. She usually came to work late, _______ upset her boss.
VI. All of these sentences contain errors in affective clause structures. Correct the errors.
1. I show my father the picture of the car I am going to buy it as soon as I save enough money
2. Something happened yesterday which has been worrying me.
3. I’m having a visit from my favourite aunt who lives in London.
4. Isn’t that the hotel which Greg and Sally had their wedding reception? where
5. I talked to many people, but none of them could give me any useful information. whom
6. The police wouldn’t tell us the source of the information on which they were acting.
7. Olga wrote on a topic about which that she, knew nothing.
8. Washington is the man to whom Americans owe their independence.
9. The new college, which cost £80 million to build, opens this week.
10. We are a first-class company whose products have a reputation for quality.
11. They live in Pensford, that which lies just south of Bristol.
12. The apple tree that we planted it last year is producing.
13. They are the generation who’s whose father fought in the Vietnam War.
14. I can’t remember the name of the island on which the aircraft landed.
15. Ann quit her job at the advertising agency, this which surprised everyone.
VII. Write the information in brackets as a relative clause in an appropriate place in the
sentence. Give all possible relative pronouns, but if you can leave them out, put them in
brackets. Make sure you put in commas where necessary.
1. Later in the program we have an interview with Peter Svensson. (last week he became the first
man to row solo across the Indian Ocean)
→ Later in the program we have an interview with Peter Svensson who became the first man to
row solo across the Indian Ocean last week.
2. Carla’s restaurant is very good value, (it serves a range of Mediterranean dishes)
→ Carla’s restaurant, which serves a range of Mediterranean dishes, is very good value.
3. The New Zealand rugby team are clear favourites to win the match, (all of its members weight
over 100 kilos)
→ The New Zealand rugby team, whose members weight over 100 kilos, are clear favourites to
win the match.
4. Susie brought home a kitten, (she’d found it in the park)
→ Susie brought home a kitten which she’d found in the park.
5. The story is about a teenage boy. (his ambition is to become an astronaut)
→ The story is about a teenage boy whose ambition is to become an astronaut.
6. Paul has got a job with Empirico. (its main product is electric light bulbs)
→ Paul has got a job with Empirico whose main product is electric light bulbs
Politicians should give more consideration to the working people, (they represent them)
→ Politicians should give more consideration to the working people whom they represent.
7. Among the group of people was Professor Rogers. (I had last seen him in Oxford twenty years
earlier)
→ Among the group of pp was Pro. Rogers whom I had last….
78
8. I live on a small road, (it leads down to the river)
→ I live on a small road which leads down to the river
9. Monet’s earlier paintings are in a new exhibition in London, (many have never been seen in
this country before)
→ Monet’s earlier paintings, which many have never been seen in this country before, are in a new
exhibition in London,
9. Ian Mciver has become managing director of Europe’s largest food retailer, (his first job was
selling vegetables in a market)
→ Ian Mciver, whose first job was selling veggies in a market, has become managing director of
Europe’s largest food retailer
10. Douglas has a new girlfriend, (she works in the library)
→ Douglas has a new girlfriend who works in the library
My Volkswagen Golf is a very reliable car. (I bought it in 1980)
→ My Volkswagen Golf, which I bought it in 1980, is a very reliable car
10. Brian Brookes will be present at its official opening, (the Brookes art gallery is named after
him)
→ Brian Brookes, whom the Brookes art gallery is named after, will be present at its official
opening
The candidate didn’t win the election. (I voted for her)
→ The candidate, whom I voted for, didn’t win the election.
VIII. Combine the two sentences into one, using adjective phrases.
1. The dam, which suddenly gave way, was holding back the water.
__________________________________________________________________
2. Some buildings were hit by bombs. They are still burning.
→ Some buildings which are still burning were hit by bombs.
3. Some people want to smoke. They have to leave the building.
→ Some people who want to smoke, have to leave the building.
4. The experiment was conducted at the University of Chicago. It was successful.
→ The experiment which was conducted at the University of Chicago, was successful
5. A shot was fired that day. It signaled the start of the American Revolution.
→ A shot which was fired that day, signaled the start of the American Revolution.
6. Kuala Lumpur is the capital city of Malaysia. It is a major trade center in Southeast Asia.
→ Kuala Lumpur, which is the capital city of Malaysia, is a major trade center in Southeast Asia
7. Tourists take the train from London to Stratford. They have to change at Coventry.
→ Tourists who take the train from London to Stratford, have to change at Coventry
8. Be sure to follow the instructions. They are given at the top of the page.
→ Be sure to follow the instructions which are given at the top of the page
9. People were walking across the bridge. They could feel it swaying.
→ People who were walking across the bridge, could feel swaying
10. Simon Bolivar was a great South American general. He led the fight for independence
early in the 19th century.
→ Simon Bolivar, who was a great South American general, led the fight for independence early
in the 19th century.
IX. Complete the second sentence, using an infinitive relative clause. to have been/ to be/ to
set
1. The US dropped an atom bomb. No other country had done that before.
The US was the first country to have drop an atom bomb.
2. The protesters had no weapons. They couldn’t defend themselves.
The protesters had no weapons to defent themselves
3. Henry VIII of England married six times. No other king did that.
Henry VIII of England was the only king to marry 6th times.
4. John F. Kennedy was assassinated, which hasn’t happened to any US President since.
John F. Kennedy was the last US president to be assissnated. An assassin/ assassination
5. The government has little money, it can’t tackle the many social problems.
The government has little money to tackle the many social problems.
6. New Zealand gave women the right to vote. No other country had done that before.
New Zealand was the first country to give women the right to vote.
7. I think China will host the Olympic Games soon. It’ll be their turn next.
I think China will be the next country to host the Olympic Games soon
8. Voters are faced with a lot of parties. They can choose from a large number.
Voters are faced with a lot of parties to choose from.
9. At 24, William Pitt became Prime Minister. No one else so young has ever done that.
At 24, William Pitt was the youngest person to become Prime minister
10. The pilot survived the crash. No one else on the plane survived.
The pilot was the only person to survive the crash.
X. Write a letter of application. Use the cues given.
Dear Mr. Philips
1. 1/ interested/ apply/ post/ desk editor/ advertise/ The Independent’/ yesterday//
___________________________________________________________________
2. My reason for applying/ 1/ work/ 10 years/ an assistant editor/ small publishing company//
___________________________________________________________________
3. now/ 1/ look/ post/ offer me/ more responsibility and independent/ make/ editorial and
organizational decisions//
___________________________________________________________________
4. 1/ enjoy/ the challenge/ work/ tight deadlines/ produce/ high quality books//
___________________________________________________________________
5. 1/ have/ fast and accurate keyboard skills/ and familiar/ all modern publishing computer
software//
___________________________________________________________________
6. I would/ able/ attend/ interview/ any time/ convenient/ you//
___________________________________________________________________
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7. 1/ look forward/ hear/ you//
___________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Olivia James
TEST 1
I. PRONUNCIATION
Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from that
of the others.
1. a. vacancy b. wholesale c. retail d. category

2. a. neat b. create c. piece d. keenness
3. a. future b. resume c. pressure d. enthusiasm
4. a. honest b. humour c. honour d. hour
5. a. whether b. enthusiast c. clothes d. though
II. LANGUAGE FOCUS
A. Choose the one word or phrase -a, b, cord- that best completes the sentences.
6. The exercise-with-answer-key format makes the book suitable________ self-study.
a. for b. to c. of d. in
7. It’s piecework, so how much you earn depends ________how fast vou can work.
a. in b. on c. of d. to
8. The job offer was too good for Jennifer to turn________
a. off b. away c. out d. down
9. She has been________ for an interview for the manager’s job.
a. called b. carried c. hold d. brought
10. The agency will let you know if they have any suitable ________
a. redundancies b. vacancies c. abilities d. capabilities
11. One condition of this job is that you must be ________ to work at weekends,
a. available b. capable c. acceptable d. accessible
12. A skilled_________will help candidates feel relaxed.
a. interview b. interviewing c. interviewee d. interviewer
13. The company employs a__________of nearly 5000.
a. workload b. workman c. workforce d. workout
14. With so much__________, I’m lucky to be in work.
a. employees b. employers c.' employment d. unemployment
15. I really wanted to create a good______________at the start of the interview.
a. preparation b. impression c. expression d. explanation
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B. Choose the one word or phrase -a, b, c or d- that best completes the sentences.
11. People …..can speak English can be understood in many countries.
a. whose b. who c. whom d. which
12. Do you remember Mr. Darnell,___________taught us English Literature?
a. who b. whom c. that d. which
13. Violent tropical storms_________occur in western Asia are called typhoons.
a. that b. it c. whichit d. when it
14. Martin tried on three jackets,___________fitted him.
a. all of them b. none of which c. none of them d. all of those
15. Yesterday we visited the City Museum,____________I’d never been before.
a. which b. where c. to that d. to which
16. The problem_______never occurred.
a. I hadn’t expected it b. that I had expected it
c. which I have expected d. I had expected
17. The architect _______ Mario works is brilliant.
a. whom b. that c. with whom d. with who
18. Bogota, _______is the capital of Colombia, is a cosmopolitan city.
a. who b. which c. that d. where
19. On July 20, 1969, Neil Armstrong became the first person __________ foot on another celestial
body.
a. set b. setting c. to set d. who was set
20. Many of the pictures_________from outer space are presently on display in the public library.
a. sent b. sending c. having sent d. that sent
21. It may be the most important decision _______you will ever take.
a. which b. what c. that d. of which
22. Is that the man__________was broken into two days ago?
a. whose house b. the house of whom
c. who’s house d. of whom the house
23. The reason________he was absent from school is that he had an accident.
a. why b. in which c. that d. which
24. Jan didn’t fill her car up with petrol before she left,____________was careless of her.
a. which b. it c. that d. what
25. It is only recently that ballets have been based on themes___________American life.
a. reflects b. reflecting c.reflected d. that reflected
26. Before I came here, I didn’t have the opportunity to speak to people their
A B C D
native tongue is English.
27. No one has said anything would persuade me to change my mind.
A B C D
28. The girl sitting in the red chair is the person to who you must give this envelope.
A B C D
29. Some snakes have hollow teeth they are called fangs that they use to
A B C
poison their victims.
D
30. Although her friends tried to convince her to apply for the job at the
A B C
factory, Christine resisted to make an application.
D
III. READING
interview applicant impressing cooperate
discussions personnel process first suitable directly
A job interview is a conversation which occurs between a potential employer and a job (36)
________. During the job interview, the employer hopes to determine whether or not the applicant
is (37) _______for the job, while the applicant tries to learn more about the position while also (38)
_______the employer. As a general rule, a job interview is an important part of the (39) _______of
applying for a job, and it may range in formality from a casual conversation to a series of serious
(40) _______ with an assortment of people working within the company.
Depending on the size of a company and its organization, an applicant may only have one job
(41) _______This is common with small businesses, in which candidates are often interviewed (42)
_______by the employer. In other cases, a representative of the human resources department may
interview a candidate (43) _______, and then he or she will go through a series of interviews with
potential supervisors and other (44) _______. Larger companies may also have interview panels
with multiple members who (45) _______to make a decision.
B. Read the following job advertisements, then decide whether the statements are true (T)
or false (F).
For recent college graduates or professionals beginning a new job search, a job hunt can be an
exhausting process. One of the reasons is that, according to the experts, to be successful in your job
search, you have to "market" yourself, and many people just don’t know how.
The two of the most important building blocks for a successful job search: the resume and
cover letter. The purpose of a resume is to tell an employer what a person has done in the past. The
cover letter tells the prospective employer what skills and abilities the job seeker has that will allow
them to be successful in the future with their company. Each cover letter should be crafted to be
very specific to the job applied for. It is recommended never having a resume longer than one page.
Anything beyond that won’t get read. Most resumes are read, on average, for eight seconds.
If you have limited work experience, like a new college grad, consider creating a functional
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resume that emphasizes skills. For example, near the top of your resume you would list such skills
as knowledge of specific software, bilingual skills, or relevant volunteer experience. In both
resumes and cover letters, always use high quality paper. Stay away from slang language and avoid
using contractions.
All experts agree that thank you notes for an interview need to be sent within one day of an
interview. Thank you notes can tip the scales in your favor. Thank you notes also give you the
opportunity to point something out about yourself that you didn't make clear during the interview
process.
46. A resume describes how you can contribute to the company in the future.
47. A different cover letter should be written for each job you apply for.
48. Resumes are usually looked at only very briefly.
49. A functional resume mainly describes your experience.
50. Resumes and cover letters should be written in formal language.
51. A thank you note can increase your chances of getting the job.
IV. SPEAKING
52. “Hello, may I speak to Mr. Washington, please?” “_______.”
a. No, you may not b. That’s right c. Hold on, please d. You’re welcome
53. “Let’s have some classical music.” _______
a. Never mind b. Good idea c. I think so d. With pleasure
54. “Would you mind washing the dishes?” “_______ I’ll do it now.”
a. Not at all b. It’s my pleasure c. Never mind d. Certainly
55. “It’s a lovely day! Shall we go for a walk?” “_______________.”
a. No, thanks b. Yes, we shall c. I’m afraid not d. All right
56. “Would you like to have dinner with us?” “_______. Thank you.”
a. Yes, I like b. Yes, I’d love to c. I agree d. No, not at all.
V. WRITING
Choose the sentence - a, b, c or d - made from the given cues.
57. People/ work/ offices/ have/ five-day week/ often/ say/ nine-to-five job//
a. People work in offices that have a five-day week and are often said to have a nine-to-five
job.
b. People who work in offices have a five-day week and are often said to have a nine-to-five
job.
c. People working in offices have a five-day week and often say to have a nine-to-five job.
d. People worked in offices which have a five-day week and are often said to have a nine-to-
five job.
58. Many workers/ belong' trade unions/ provide/ support/ workers/ disputes/ employers.
a. Many workers belong to trade unions, which provide support for workers in disputes with
employers.
b. Many workers belong to trade unions, that provide support for workers in disputes with
employers.
c. Many workers belong to trade unions, who provide support for workers in disputes with
employers.
d. Many workers belong to trade unions whose provide support for workers in disputes with
employers.
59. number/ American women/ employment/ double/ the 1960s//
a. A number of American women for employment doubled in the 1960s.
b. The number of American women in employment have doubled since the 1960s.
c. The number of American women in employment has doubled since the 1960s.
d. A number of American women in employment has doubled since the 1960s.
60. job interview/ chance/ employer/ what/ hired
a. Job interview is your chance to show an employer what he or she get when you will be
hired.
b. A job interview is a chance for your showing an employer what he or she will get if your
hired.
c. The job interview is a chance for you to show an employer what he or she will get unless
you are hired.
d. A job interview is your chance to show an employer what he or she will get if you are hired.
TEST 2
I. PRONUNCIATION
others.
1. a. wear b. clear c. real d. Gear
2. a. application b. education c. addition d. question
3. a. resume b. retail c. reduce d. remember
4. a. advantage b. adventure c. advertise d. advice
5. a. character b. challenge c. technical d. psychology
B. Choose the word that has the main stress placed differently from that of the others
6. a. reduce b. retail c. repair d. relate
7. a. advertise b. qualify c. recom’mend d. interview
8. a. enthusiasm b. category c. vacancy d. resume
9. a. manufacture b. irrigation c. electrician d. receptionist
10. a. confidence b. experience c. financial d. technique
II. LANGUAGE FOCUS
11. She has been_________work with a bad back since July.
a. on b. out c. at
d. off
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12. She is not very keen__________going to Spain again so soon for holidays.
a. for b. on c. of
d. to
13. We shall discuss the problem as it relates_____________our specific case.
a. to , b. of c. with
d. in
14. I’mwith this job. I feel bored with doing the same things all the time.
a. fed up b. made for c. taken out d. put over
15. Please________your suggestions on a piece of paper and give them to me.
a. take on b. fill in c. count out d. jot down
16. During the interview, you should show your____________to work and your sense of
responsibility.
a. interest b. fascination c. keenness d. expression
17. Many unemployment people welcome the chance to do purposeful work, even
if___________.
a. unpaid b. unsuitable c. unprepared d. unpleasant
18. Despite her___________as an accountant, she was still the best employee we could ever hope
for.
a. advantages b. shortcomings c. qualifications d. experiences
19. The questions are the central point of the whole interview __________________ and should be
planned in advance.
a. procession b. comment c. procedure d. discussion
20. There are few employment prospects for_______young people.
a. qualify b. qualification c. qualified d. unqualified
21. I shall do the job to the best of my_______ .
a. capacity b. ability c. knowledge d. talent
22. Although we’ve been interviewing all day, we haven’t managed to find a suitable........for the
position of sales manager.
a. applying b. application c. applicant d. applicator
23. People usually use more_________language when they’re in serious situations like interviews.
a. formal b. informal c. serious d. solemn
24. We were all impressed by his_______to listen and learn.
a. interest b. honesty c. willingness d. enthusiasm
25. Before _______ your offer, I’d like to know a bit more about the company.
a. making b. refusing c. preparing d. accepting
26. There were 35 passengers on the coach,______________were British.
a. almost all who b. almost all of who
c. of whom all almost d. almost all of whom
27. John F. Kennedy was the youngest President of the United States and the
fourth ___________.
a. to assassinate b. to be assassinated
c. who assassinated d. who is assassinated
28. Yesterday morning I ran into a woman_______ I had gone to elementary school.
a. whom b. with who c. with whom d. Ø
29. Fred’s yearly income_______ since he_______ professions.
a. nearly tripled - changed b. nearly tripled – has changed
c. has nearly tripled - changed d. was tripled - changed
30. Cable cars are moved by cables_______underground and are powered by a stationary engine.
a. their run b. that they run c. run d. that run
31. We often go to visit our friends,___________live in Bristol.
a. that b. whom c. who d. whose
32. My boss gave Peter, _______, the promotion.
a. he had always preferred b. whom he had always preferred
c. he had always preferred him d. that he had always preferred
33. Ricky Martin,_________of the band Menudo, attained great popularity in the
late 1990s.
a. who formerly member b. a former member
c. was a former member d. that was a former member
34. Mr. North teaches a class for students__________ native language is not English.
a. which b. whose c. who d. those who
35. My cousin_________is going to come and stay with us this summer holiday.
a. who I talked to you b. about who I talk to you
c. whom I talked to you about her d. I talked to you about
36. We saw three houses, _______had been blown off in the storm.
a the roof of which b. their roof c. the roof of them d. of which the roof
37. The bread my mother makes is much better than__________you can buy at a store.
a. that b. which c. those which d. that which
38. Picasso,________works inspired many other artists, lived until he was a ripe old age.
a. who b. whose c. that d. which
39. The children were quite attracted by the tamer and his animals _______were performing on the
stage.
a. who b. which c. whom d. that
40. The house__________I was born and grew up was destroyed in an earthquake ten years ago.
a. which b. in that c. where d. in where
sentence to be correct. Life - lives – wife wives – knife – knives – a half – halves
41. There are some people in the government try to improve the lives of poor people.
A B C D
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42. If the team started the project a month earlier, they would be finished by now.
A B C D
43. Modern American women, who lives have become more and more stressful
A B
and career-oriented, still have longer life expectancies than men do.
C D
44. There are ten universities in Thailand, seven of them are located in
A B C
Bangkok, the capital city.
D
45. Floods which cause billions of dollars worth of property damage in the
A B C
United States annually.
D
III. READING
passage.
What do you do well? What do you enjoy doing? Your answers to these two questions will
help you identify your (46) _______. An employer will consider you seriously for a (47)
________when you can show them that you know who you are, (48) ________ you can offer and
where you are going. Sometimes it is difficult to know what your weaknesses are. Clearly not
everyone is equally good (49) _______everything. You may need to improve in some areas so (50)
_______courses in that area could turn a weakness into strength.
You will need to (51)________ some time on your self-assessment. Your honesty and the
desire for self-improvement will lead to (52) ______in getting the right job. Explore the following
seven areas to start to get to know (53)________ : your aptitude, your skills, your (54)________,
the level of responsibility you feel comfortable (55)________ your interests and your needs.
46. a. strengthen b. strengths c. strong d. strengthening
47. a. location b. spot c. vacancy d. position
48. a. that b. which c. what d. when
49. a. at b. in c. on d. for
50. a. making b. taking c. meeting d. interviewing
51. a. use b. lose c. spend d. pass
52. a. succeed b. successful c. successfully d. success
53. a. yourself b. yours c. your d. you
54. a. person b. personal c. personally d. personality
55. a. to b. with c. into d. about
When most people interview for a job they are very nervous. Being nervous for an interview is
natural but if you're prepared you will feel more confident and you'll be more likely to get the job.
Read the following tips on interviewing and try them on your next job interview.
Before the Interview: Make a list of a few of the strong points that you want to emphasize in
the interview. Think of things that make you good at that job. Get your clothes ready. Make sure it
is clean and ironed and the shoes look good. Call for directions to get to the place where the
interview is going to be.
Research the company: Look for information about the company in the Internet or talk to
people you know who work there. The more you know, the more informed you will be in the
interview. Practice interviewing. Have a friend pretend that they are the person who will interview
you. Have them ask you interview questions and practice answering them with confidence.
During the Interview: Arrive to the interview a few minutes early. When you meet the
interviewer, make eye contact, smile, and give them a firm handshake. It's important that you make
a good first impression. Most interviewers will make a judgment about you in the first five
minutes. During the interview speak with confidence and sit up straight in the chair. Make sure you
talk about your strong points that you put on the list you prepared before the interview.
After the Interview: Thank the interviewer for the interview. Go home and send them a thank
you note. Put it in the mail immediately.
56. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the article?
a. Arrive early to the interview.
b. Call for direction to get there.
c. Bring your school certificates to the interview.
d. Smile when you meet the interviewer.
57. What does the word “research” in the second paragraph?
a. Call the company.
b. Write an article about the company.
c. Write a letter to the administrator of the company.
d. Find out information about the company.
58. Which of the following is NOT a good way to make a positive first impression?
a. Give a firm handshake b. Make eye contact
C. Smile ; d. Explain your salary requirements
59. Which is NOT an example of a strong point that you should mention in the interview?
a. I have experience in this kind of job.
b. I was sometimes late for work at my last job.
c. I am a hard-working person.
d. I was a supervisor at my last job.
60. Which of the following should NOT be included in a thank you note for an interview?
a. Thank the person for the interview.
b. Mention again why you would be good at the job.
c. Tell them you really need the job.
d. Tell them how they can contact you (your phone number and e-mail address).
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IV. WRITING
61. The people who were at the meeting didn’t notice anything unusual.
a. The people who were at the meeting noticed something usual.
b. No one who was at the meeting noticed something unusual.
c. The people who were at the meeting didn’t notice usual things.
d. No one who was at the meeting noticed the usual things.
62. It was only because I owed Bill a favour that I agree to help him.
a. I agreed to help Bill only as a favour.
b. I agreed to do Bill a favour by helping him.
c. I only agreed to help Bill because I owed him some money.
d. If I hadn’t owed Bill a favour, I wouldn’t have agreed to help him.
63. Although he was very tired, he agreed to help his child with his homework,
a. Despite of his tiredness, he was eager to help his child with his homework.
b. Tired as he was, he agreed to help his child with his homework.
c. Even if feeling very tired, he agreed to help his child with his homework.
d. He would have helped his child with his homework if he hadn’t been tired.
64. It’s Dick’s job to look after the tender plants in the garden.
a. Dick enjoys looking after the tender plants in the garden.
b. Dick is responsible for looking after the tender plants in the garden.
c. Looking after the tender plants in the garden is liable for Dick.
d. The tender plants in the garden give Dick opportunity to work.
65. My suit needs to be cleaned before the interview but I’m too busy to do that.
a. I must have my suit cleaned before the interview.
b. I must have my suit to be cleaned before the interview.
c. I must clean my suit before the interview.
d. I must get my mother clean my suit before the interview.
TEST YOURSELF
I. Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from that of the
others.
1. a. manufacture b. future c. nursery d. secure
2. a. certificate b. central c. decision d. social
3. a. interviewed b. finished c. worked d. dressed
II. Choose the word that has the main stress placed differently from that of the others.
4. a. application b. university c. economic d. enthusiasm
5. a. proficient b. preference c. argument d. interviewer
III. Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that best completes the sentence.
6. I succeeded_______ my job through sheer hard work.
a. with b. on c. in d. from
7. I must congratulate you ______your excellent exam results.
a. in b. on c. for d. about
8. The government hopes to ________its plans for introducing cable TV.
a. carry out b. turn out c. carry on d. keep on
9. The driver and the three passengers____________in the accident were taken to
the nearest hospital.
a. injuring b. injured c. to beinjured d. who injured
10. Most foreign students don’t like American coffee, and___________
a. I don’t too b. either don’t I c. neither don’t I d. neither do I
11. He asked me what___________to do after I graduated.
a. did I intend b. I intended c. would I intend d. I had intended
12 ________the government fall, the stock market will crash.
a. Provided b. In case c. Should d. Had
13. He always did well at school_______ having his early education disrupted by illness,
a. on account of b. in spite of c. in addition for d. because of
14. I’m thinking of changing my job because there are few___________of promotion.
a. sources b. vacancies c. aspects d. prospects
15. A home computer_______ an opportunity for convenient and efficient work at home.
a. provides b. is provided c. which provides d. providing it
16. After the car crash last night, all the injured _______to the hospital in an ambulance.
a. was rushing b. were rushing c. were rushed d. was rushed
17. ‘I’m terribly sorry I behaved in such a childish way.’ ‘________’
a. Don’t say that. b. That’s right. c. You’re welcome. d. Never mind.
18. Paul is a very _______character; he is never relaxed with strangers.
a. self-conscious b. self-confident c. self-satisfied d. selfish
19. I have just found the book ……. .
a. you were looking for b. which you were looking
c. for that you were looking d. you were looking
20. ‘I passed the final exam.’ ________ ’
a. Best wishes! b. Good idea. c. Congratulation! d. With pleasure.
21. My boss had his assistant_______ (send) the document to him while he was away on
business.
22. I’m really tired today. I wish I_______ (not stay) late at the party last night.
23. We were late because of the traffic jam. By the time we______________(get) to the train
station, Susan _______ (wait) for us more than two hours.
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24. It _ (be) a much more serious accident had she been driving
fast at the time.
25. It’s twenty years since I___________(work) in Germany and my German is pretty rusty now.
26. ‘What kind of job___________do you have?’ the manager asked the applicant, (qualify)
27. At the end of the interview, the___________________asked if he could be shown around the
company. (interview)
28. We couldn’t go on holidays last year because I was ________for ten months. (employ)
29. Artists must be_______; otherwise they just repeat what they see or hear. (create)
30. Representatives ________supported her comments on the need to reform family law.
(enthusiast) enthusiastically
VI. Identify the one underlined word or phrase - A, B, C or D - that must be changed for the
31. Both the red and the white poppy grows wild in mountainous areas that
A B C
receive a lot of sun.
D
32. The windmill, which has been used for hundreds of years to pump water
A B C
and grind grains, it is now being redesigned to produce electricity.
D
33. An interview is a meeting in that you are asked questions to see if you
A B C
are suitable for doing a job.
D
34. Small computers need only a small number of power, which means that
A B
they will run on small batteries.
C D
35. The average American college costs more than eight thousands dollars per year.
A B C D
VII. Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that best fits the blank space in the following
passage.
The reality of an interview is never as bad as you fears. For some (36)_______________
people imagine the interviewer is going to jump on every tiny mistake they make. In truth, the
interviewer is as (37)________ for the meeting to go on well as you are. It is what makes his or her
job enjoyable.
The secret of a good interview is preparing for it. What you wear is always important as it
creates the first (38) ________.So dress neatly, but comfortably. Make sure that you can deal with
anything you are asked. Prepare for questions that are certain to (39)________, for example: Why
do you want to become a nurse? What is the most important (40)________a good nurse should
have? Apart from nursing, what other careers have you considered? What are your interests and
(41)________?
Answer the questions fully and precisely. For (42)________,if one of your interests is reading,
be prepared to talk about the sort of books you like. However, do not learn all your answers off
(43) ________. The interviewer wants to meet a human being, not a robot. Remember, the
interviewer is genuinely (44)_____________________________in you, so the more you relax and
are (45) ________, the more likely you are to succeed.
36. a. reasons b. ideas c. explanations d. excuses
37. a. willing b. likely c. keen d. scary
38. a. impression b. attraction c. expression d. understanding
39. a. carry on b. turn down c. get through d. come up
40. a. quality b. education c. activity d. attention
41. a. entertains b. hobbies c. challenges d. excitement
42. a. request b. question c. acceptance d. instance
43. a. continually b. by heart c. naturally d. by yourself
44. a. excited b. regarded c. interested d. wondered
45. a. yourself b. you c. your d. yours
It is commonly believed in the United States that school is where people go to get an
education. Nevertheless, it has been said that today children interrupt their education to go to
school. The difference between schooling and education implied by this remark is important.
Education is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than schooling. Education knows no
limits. It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or on the job. Whether in a kitchen or on
a tractor. It includes both the formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole universe of
informal learning. The agent (doer) of education can vary from respected grandparents to the
people arguing about politics on the radio, from a child to a famous scientist. Whereas schooling
has a certain predictability, education quite often produces surprised. A chance conversation with a
stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions. People receive
education from infancy on. Education, then, is very broad, inclusive term, it is a lifelong process, a
process that starts long before the start of school, and one that should be a necessary part of one’s
entire life.
Schooling, on the other hand, is a specific, formalized process, whose general pattern varies
little from one setting to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at school at about the same
time, take the assigned seats, are taught by an adult, use similar textbooks, do homework, take
exams, and so on. The pieces of reality that; are to be learned, whether they are the alphabet or an
understanding of the workings of government, have been limited by the subjects being taught. For
example, high school students know that they are not likely to find out in their classes the truth
about political problems in their society or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with.
There are clear and undoubtful conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling.
46. This passage mainly ________.
94
a. gives examples of different school
b. provides information about an excellent all-round education
c. lists and discusses several education problems
d. tells the difference between the meanings of two related words
47. Which of the following statements does the passage support?
a. Education systems need to be changed as soon as possible.
b. Without formal education, people won’t be able to read and write.
c. Going to school is only part of how people become educated.
d. Schooling is of no use because students do similar things every day.
48. What does the writer mean by using the expression “children interrupt their education to go to
school” in paragraph 1?
a. All of life is an education.
b. Learning takes place everywhere.
c. Education is totally ruined -by schooling.
d. Schooling prevents people from discovering new things.
49. What’s the main idea of this passage?
a. The best schools teach a variety of subjects.
b. Education and schooling are quite different experience.
c. The more years students go to school the better their education is.
d. Students benefit from schools, which require long hours and homework.
50. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
a. Education is a necessary part of one’s life.
b. Schooling is a part of education people receive.
c. Only at school can people get a good all-round education
d. People receive education before the start of school.
51. I haven’t got enough money, so I’m not going on holiday.
a. If I have enough money I will go on holiday.
b. If I had enough money I would go on holiday.
c. If I had got enough money I would have gone on holiday.
d. If I had had enough money I would go on holiday.
52. “Why can’t you do your work more carefully?” said Henry’s boss.
a. Henry’s boss asked him not to do his job with care.
b. Henry’s boss suggested doing the job more carefully.
c. Henry’s boss warned him to do the job carefully.
d. Henry’s boss criticized him for doing his job carelessly.
53. Who wrote the novel “Gone With the Wind”?
a. Who was the novel “Gone With the Wind” written?
b. By who was the novel “Gone With the Wind” written?
c. By whom was the novel “Gone With the Wind” written?
d. Whose the novel “Gone With the Wind” was written?
X. From the words or phrases - a, b, c or d - choose the one that best completes
the sentences.
54. Based on this study,___________________.
a. several conclusions could be made by the scientist
b. the scientist could make several conclusions
c. the scientist spent little time to reach several conclusions
d. several conclusions were drawn from the scientists’ discussion
55. She will be ill ________.
a. if she takes a few days’ rest
b. provided she takes a rest for a few days
c. in case she takes a rest for a few days
d. unless she takes a few days’ rest
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UNIT.7 ECONOMIC REFORMS
L Circle the word with the underlined letter(s) pronounced differently from that/ those of the
others in each group.
1. a. inflation b. inhabitant c. standard d. agriculture
2. a. congress b. policy c. reform d. communist
3. a. school b. poor c. through d. food
4. a. country b. government c. subsidy d. substantial
5. a. dissolve b. consumer c. subsequent d. congress
6. a. shift b. ethnic c. subsidy d. commit
7. a. although b. ethnic c. sixth d. think
8. a. achieve b. measure c. legal d. increase
9. a. equipment b. guideline c. quit d. build
10. a. measures b. reforms c. standards d. exports
II. Complete each of the sentences with an appropriate verb from the box.
dominate shifted undergone reform initiated
reaffirmed subsidized eliminated intervene dissolved
1. During the recession many small companies were____________.
2. Getting this job has effectively_______________his financial worries.
3. There were a lot of proposals to ________the social security system.
4. The government has ________its attention away from the fight against crime.
5. Don’t allow the computer to________ our child’s life.
6. The senator ________that she would support our proposal.
7. The bridge has______________a series of modifications and will be re-opened
in two weeks.
8. The government has__________________a program me of economic reform.
9. All renewable forms of energy should be_____________by the government
10. The police had to_______________when protesters blocked traffic.
III. Complete each of the sentences with the correct form of the word in brackets.
1. The committee recommended the________ of new safety procedures, (adopt)
2. The Prime Minister made a firm________ to increasing spending on health, (commit)
3. Before Doi Moi the economy of our country was under agriculture________. (dominate)
4. The old house, which is in poor condition, is in need of________(renovate)
5. The level of;________________given to farmers is to be reduced, (subsidize)
6. Poor economic policies led to a long period of ________ and decline. (stagnate)
7. He claimed that the state had a special right of ________in company affairs, (intervene)
8. Wages are not keeping pace with ________v. (inflate)
9. Lack of ________had led a decline in public services, (invest)
10 . Viet Nam is one of the fastest growing ________in Southeast Asia, (economize)
11. Before the implementation of the Doi Moi policy, the people in that region had to suffer
severe________. (employ)
12. Loans from the World Bank stimulate economic________. (grow)
13. An ' heating system costs you more money to run and maintain, (efficient)
IV. Underline the correct word or phrase. Both answers may be correct.
1. Although / In spite of we left late, we still got there in time.
2. It was a fantastic evening although / in spite of the terrible food.
3. We have decided to go in spite of / despite the cost of the tickets.
4. They enjoyed the course, although / because it was very difficult.
5. I love the sea though/ whereas most of my friends prefer the mountains.
6. Larry's in a good shape physically even though be/cause he gets a lot of exercise.
7. Despite/ Although the fact that Reid failed to score himself, he helped Jones to score two goals.
8. Confident as/ though she felt, she knew the examination would not be easy.
9. The driver stopped to let on more passengers even though / because the bus was already full.
10. Because of / In spite of heavy fog at the airport, we had to stay in London an extra day.
11. Experienced though / although the climbers were, they had never faced such severe conditions
before.
12. She has done very well in her job despite / because of her lack of education.
13. English became the official language for business in spite of/ though the fact that the
population was largely Chinese.
14. Despite/ Although having to cope with three small children, she is taking a part-time MBA
course.
15. Because/ Although my country is located in a subtropical area, the weather is quite hot.
98
V. Match the ideas in A and C and use the word in B to write either a single sentence or two
sentences as appropriate.
A B C
1. I knew there was something wrong because a. the difficulty of my course
2. I have to study four hours every day although in spite
of whereas b. the fact that she was ill
3. he always worked hard
despite even c. she said she was feeling fine
4. he didn't pass the exam though because
5. I’ll stay in the United States for of d. I want to finish my degree
two more years before going home
6. My shoes and pants got muddy e. I walked carefully through the
7. I found the film boring wet streets
8. my roommate lets me borrow her f. I stayed until the end
notes
g. I can’t understand the lectures in
9. she finds it difficult to express her
my psychology class
ideas in writing
h. the help I gave him
10. she went on a walking holiday in
Nepal i. most of his classmates were lazy
j. her obvious intelligence
1.__________________________________________________________________________
2. _________________________________________________________________________
3. _________________________________________________________________________
4. _________________________________________________________________________
5. _________________________________________________________________________
6. _________________________________________________________________________
7. _________________________________________________________________________
8. _________________________________________________________________________
9. _________________________________________________________________________
10. ________________________________________________________________________
VI. Fill in the gap with even though/ although/ though, despite/ in spite of, because, because of.
1. The council had to withdraw its plan to close the swimming pool_________ local opposition.
2. Jack hadn’t heard or read about the murder__________it was on the from page of every
newspaper.
3. Jack lost his job _________ he never showed up for work on time.
4. She managed to get there' _______________she didn’t have a map like the others.
5. _________the hurricane was moving directly toward the town all residents were advised to
move inland.
6. ________.his poor eyesight John has to sit in the front row in class..
7. He never smiles at me or speaks to me _________the many efforts I have made to be friendly.
8. I have a master’s degree in business administration, I can’t fill out my tax form.
9. My lecture notes were incomplete_______________the instructor talked too fast.
10 ________her obvious intelligence, she finds it difficult to express her ideas in writing.
VII. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first.
1. Although she was frightened, she forced herself to pick up the snake.
Frightened __________________________________________________________________
2. Although he ate a big lunch, he had a three-course meal in the evening.
In spite_____________________________________________________________________
3. We all have received the best of everything because our parents are generous.
Because of__________________________________________________________________
4. In spite of all our warnings, he left camp without taking his rifle.
Although ___________________________________________________________________
5. Although the play received good notices, not many people went to see it.
Despite the fact ______________________________________________________________
6. The villagers refuse to leave even though their food supply is threatened.
Despite _____________________________________________________________________
7. Despite his ungainly air he is remarkably agile.
Although ___________________________________________________________________
8. Although Richard is competent in his work, he doesn’t know how to deal with his client.
Competent _________________________________________________________________
9. While I strongly disapprove of your behaviour, I will help you this time.
Despite my __________________________________________________________________
10. John succeeded in his exam because of his hard and methodical work.
Because ____________________________________________________________________
11. We live in the same street, but we hardly ever see each other.
Despite _____________________________________________________________________
12. Despite her severe disability Judy participated in many sports.
Although ___________________________________________________________________
13. I don’t know whether Tom can speak Spanish or hot, but I think he should still visit Madrid.
Even if _____________________________________________________________________
14. It’s sad, but unemployment is unlikely to go down this year.
Sad _______________________________________________________________________
15. In spite of their good game, the team lost.
Despite the fact ______________________________________________________________
TEST 1
I. PRONUNCIATION
1. a. commit b. common c. communist d. country
100
2. a. reform b. reduce c. renovate d. restructure
3. a. stagnant b. subsidy c. dominate d. substantial
4. a. economic b. eliminate c. agricultural d. intervention
5. a. policy b. enterprise c. government d. minority
II. LANGUAGE FOCUS
6. Everybody should be made aware_________the risks involved.
a. on b. in c. for d. of
7. The recent economic crisis has brought___________.a slump in world trade.
a. about b. in c. over d. out
8. The government is aiming_______50% reduction in unemployment
a. to b. at c. on d. for
9. Sport is sometimes used by governments as a tool of foreign________.
a. policy b. political c. politics d. politician
10. The President has__________his commitment to the peace process.
a. reargued b. reenacted c. reaffirmed d. reminded
11. The government made serious attempts to raise the_______ of living.
a. standard b. cost c. level d. mode
12. The police have asked for the_______ of the public in tracing the whereabouts
of the escaped convict.
a. partnership b. co-operation c. association d. alliance .
13. The government _______shifted economic priority from heavy industry to three major
economic programmes.
a. moved b. continued c. changed d. encouraged
14. The government introduced a wage freeze so that ________might be brought under control.
a. renovation b. economy c. inflation d. development
15. A strike in the mining industry is threatening to bring about a _______shortage of
coal in the near future.
a. redundant b. ruin c. storage d. lack
B. Choose the one word or phrase -a, b, c or d - that best completes the sentences.
16. Most people you meet will be polite to you _______you are to polite to them.
a. because b. if c. although d. whereas
17. _______you were all sitting at your desks working hard last week, we were
sitting on the plane bound for Hawaii.
a. Despite b. Although c. While d. Whenever
18. Doctors’ salarieshave risen substantially, _______nurses’pay has actually fallen,
a. however b. since c. despite d. whereas
19. He refused to give up work,___________he’s won a million pounds.
a. despite b- however c. even though d. as though
20 _______he had no money for a bus, he had to walk all the way home.
a. Although b. Because c. While d. When
21 _______an accident in the High Street, traffic is moving every slowly on the
London Road.
a. Despite b. Because c. Since d. Because of
22 ________ the wet weather, the football match went ahead.
a. Although b. Owing to c. But for d. In spite of
23 ________the rise in unemployment people still seem to be spending more.
a. Nevertheless b. Due to c. Despite d. Although
24. I’d like to go to Thailand, ________ it’s by no means the only country in the
world I want to see.
a. as b. while c. yet d. since
25. There’s no danger in using this machinery______________you adhere the safely regulations.
a. because b. in case c. although d. as long as
26 _______it was getting late, I decided I should go home.
a. As b. Although c. While d. Due to
27 _______she studied every day, she didn’t grasp the concepts presented.
a. Since b. Though c. Because d. If
28. I felt a lot fitter_____________all the exercise I was doing.
a. because of b. despite c. owing to d. but for
29. He got an excellent grade in his exam ________ the fact that he had not worked particularly
hard.
a. even though b. due to c. because of d. in spite of
30. _______ a duck lives on water, it stays dry ________the oil on its feathers, which prevent
water from reaching its skin.
a. Even though - because of b. although - despite
c. Because - in spite of d. If - because of
31. Disgusting although it looked, it was actually quite tasty.
A B C D
32. Air pollution, together with littering, are causing many problems in our large.
A B C D
industrial cities today.
33. During a depression, economic conditions are far worst than they are
A B C D
102
during a recession.
34. Economical reform is the most important measure to be taken to promote
A B C
the development of a country.
D
35. Some people think Harry succeeded in business in spite of his charming
A B C
personality rather than his business skills.
D
III. READING
laws agricultural reforms adoption private abolished domestic ownership
The agricultural (36)________in Vietnam is one of the redeeming features of the economic
reforms. In the year 1981, the government in Vietnam adopted the contracting system pertaining to
products. This was followed by the (37)_______of yet another contracting system pertaining to
household. With the introduction of Land Law in the year 1993, all the faulty cooperatives were
(38) _______. The farmers enjoyed title rights to the tillable land. They could also decide as to
how their (39)__________________________ land could be best used. The Vietnamese
government focussed on research and development in the agricultural sector. (40)
_______investment as well as foreign investment has been instrumental in bringing about Vietnam
economic reform. The government supports the (41) _______ sector and to this effect the Civil
Code has been executed to give recognition to individual (42) _______. Several ordinances as well
as (43) _______have been passed to encourage the same.
From 1975 till the major economic reforms of 1986, Vietnam followed socialist policies of
high command economy and political centralization, extending the collectivization of agriculture to
South Vietnam and nationalizing of all economic and industrial enterprises including foreign
enterprises. Between 1980 and 1985, the government adopted half-hearted liberal measures
including family-based contract systems and promoting state-private joint enterprises. The
economic stagnation continued until 1986 when the proponents, within the Vietnamese Communist
Party, of economic liberalization along the lines followed by China came to power; The new
policy, styled doi moi (politics of renovation) led to the abandonment of centralized planning in
favor 'of decision-making by factory managers in terms of equipment, production targets, and
sources of finance. The doi moi policies registered spectacular economic gains in the growth in
GDP, in savings and investment rates, and exports. They brought in large amounts of foreign
investment, liberalized the banking structure, and made the currency stable. These measures,
among others, led to the lifting of the economic embargo by the United States and made loans and
grants by the IMF, World Bank, and Western donors possible.
True or false?
44. From 1975 to 1985, the Vietnamese economy was not growing or developing.
45. Vietnam economic reform, which was referred as Doi Moi, was implemented in the years
between 1980 and 1985.
46. Before Doi Moi, the economy of Vietnam was characterized by collective ownership and
central planning.
47. China followed Vietnam’s example by reforming the economy.
48. The Doi Moi policies brought about dramatic changes in the Vietnamese economy.
49. When was Doi Moi officially initiated?
50. What were the achievements 'of Vietnam economic reform?
IV. WRITING
From the words or phrases - a, b, c or d - choose the one that best completes the
sentences.
51. We soon had them all playing football together______________;
a. due to their initial objections b. despite their initial objections
c. though we initially objected them d. but they initially objected us.
52 think of metallurgy as a modern field of science, but it is actually
one of the oldest.
a. Although many people b. In spite of many people
c. Because many people d. Many people
53 ._____will Mr. Forbes be able to regain control of the company.
a. With hard work b. Only with hard work
c. Only if he worked hardly d. In spite of his hard work
54 he felt so unhappy and lonely.
a. Rich as he was b. Rich as was he
c. He was rich though d. As he was so rich
55. Although she has saved for a long time, _______________.
a. and she can afford that house
b. so she can afford that house
c. but she is not able to afford that house
d. she is not able to afford that house.
TEST 2
I. PRONUNCIATION
A. Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from that of the others.
1. a. renovate b. policy c. dissolve d. congress
2. a. great b. inflation c. trade d. stagnant
3. a. subsidy b, measure c. solve d. congress
4. a. encourage b. country c. ground d. young
5. a. reduced b. dissolved c. supposed d. encouraged
B. Choose the word that has the main stress placed different from that of the others.
6. a. subsidies b. stagnant c. ethnic d. substantial
104
7. a. economy b. agriculture c. renovate d. guideline
8. a. reaffirm b. eliminate c. invest d. domestic
9. a. communist b. commend c. comment d. common
10. a administrative b. productivity c. agricultural d. economic
II. LANGUAGE FOCUS
11. We are committed_________supporting democracy and reform in the region.
a. in b. of c. to d. for
12. Their aim is to set.__________a new political party.
a. for b. up c. on d. in
13. Economic reforms should be • constantly in order to promote the development of a country.
a. carried out b. put out c. turned up d. taken up
14. The government_________new economic policies aimed at halting economic
recession.
a. committed b. reduced c. shifted d. adopted
15. Vietnam economic reform did not support the state_____________ in business.
a. renovation b. intervention c. development d. investment
16. Since 2001, Vietnamese authorities have reaffirmed their____________to economic
liberalization.
a. commitment b. comment c. command d. compliment
17. The government devalued the currency to try to revive the _____ economy,
a. stable b. developed c. stagnant d. dynamic
18. ________of recent political developments he was taken by surprise on his
arrival in the capital.
a. Unexpected b. Unheard c. Unaware d. Unknown
19. With the_______ of “Doi Moi”, Vietnam has managed to arrest the economic
backsliding of the 1980s.
a. competition b. implementation c. introduction d. dissolution
20. The government introduced a number of________measures to implement Doi Moi.
a. renovation b. stagnation c. adoption d. promotion
21. The country’s annual ________of coffee beans has increased each year since 1977.
a. ration b. growth c. outcome d. production
22. The contract was rendered____________by this careless wording.
a. effective b. efficient c. inefficient d. ineffective
23. The government cut spending through reductions in state ___ to industry,
a. benefit b. taxes c. subsidies
d. intervention
24. The country’s infrastructure is crumbling because of____________investment.
a. enormous b. inadequate c. substantial d. worthwhile
25. The President has called for massive investment to rebuild the country’s________.
a. economic b. economics c. economical d. economy
B. Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that best completes the sentences^
26. Reforms went through_____opposition from teachers.
a. because of b. in spite of c. due to
d. but for
27 we dislike him, he’s efficient and we can’t dismiss him.
a. Much though b. As much c. Much d. Although much as
28 ________ some languages have 30 or more different vowel sounds, others
have five or less.
a. Although b. Whereas c. When
d. Since
29. ________the Asian crisis, the company’s profits fell by 15% during 1997.
a. Because of b. Because c. In spite of
d. Even though
30. She notified security by telephone________ she heard something suspicious
going on in the elevator.
a. although b. when c. because of
d. so
31 ________the auditor went over the books several times, he was still unable
to find the error.
a. Despite b. While c. Since
d. Although
32. The price of fruit has increased recently____________the price of vegetables has
gone down.
a. during b. whether c. whereas
d. otherwise
33. We have less money to spend ________budget cuts.
a. due to b. despite c. because
d. for
34 ________he didn’t attend English courses, he spoke English so well.
a. Because b. However c. Although d. Despite
35. We went up to the top floor __________ we could see the view over the city.
a. so that b. although c. as .
d. now that
36. ________ a disabled girl, Jane was quite confident the first moment she practiced this sport.
a. Although b. Despite c. While
d. Because of
106
37. I’m going to make an early start ________not to get stuck in the traffic.
a. so that b. in spite of c. in order
d. due to
38. ________get older, the games they play become increasingly complex.
a. Although children b. Children, when they
c. As children d. For children to
39. ________ what you said last night, I still love you.
a. Despite b. Even though c. Even if d. Since
40. Some people protest certain commercial ________fishing operations dolphins considered to be
highly intelligent mammals, are killed unnecessarily.
a. despite b. although c. because d. because of
41. Like other women pioneered in the field of medicine, Sara Mayo found
A B
the beginning years difficult.
C D
42. Despite of the rise in unemployment, people still seem to be spending more.
A B C D
43. Please make the dishes tonight after dinner so they don’t pile up in the sink.
A B C D
44. Having withdrawn from the race, the candidate decided supporting his
A B
opponent despite the opponents representing the other political party.
C D
45. Although this car appears to be manufactured by a different company,
A B
it has the same body style, size, and perform as that one.
C D
III. READING
passage.
In 1986 Vietnam (46)________ a political and economic innovation campaign (Doi Moi) that
introduced reforms intended to facilitate the transition from a centralized economy to a “socialist-
oriented market economy.” Doi Moi combined government planning with free-market incentives.
The program abolished agricultural (47)________, removed price controls on agricultural goods,
and enabled farmers to sell their goods in the marketplace. It encouraged the establishment of
private businesses and foreign investment, including foreign-owned (48)________.
By the late 1990s, the success of the business and agricultural (49)________ ushered in under
Doi Moi was evident. More than 30,000 private businesses had been (50)________, and the
economy was growing at an annual rate of more than 7 percent. From the early 1990s to 2005,
poverty (51)________ from about 50 percent to 29 percent of the population. However, progress
varied geographically, with most prosperity concentrated in urban areas, (52)________ in and
around Ho Chi Minh City. In general, rural areas also made progress, as rural households
(53)________in poverty declined from 66 percent of the total in 1993 to 36 percent in 2002.
(54)________contrast, concentrations of poverty remained in (55)________ rural areas,
particularly the northwest, north-central coast, and central highlands.
46. a. adopted b. launched c. produced d. maintained
47. a. collectives b. coordinates c. combinations d. corporations.
48. a. formations b. creations c. enterprises d. renovations
49. a. recessions b. depressions c. renews d. reforms
50. a. created b. found c. owned d. carried
51. a. increased b. declined c. raised d. eliminated
52. a. generally b. specially c. particularly d. hardly
53. a. living b. lived c. live d. to live
54. a. With b. On c. For d. By
55. a. stable b. certain c. definite d. unnamed
The July 13th 2000, signing of the Bilateral Trade Agreement (BTA) between the U.S. and
Vietnam was a significant milestone for Vietnam’s economy. The BTA provided for Normal Trade
Relations (NTR) status of Vietnamese goods in the U.S. market. Access to the U.S. market will
allow Vietnam to hasten its transformation into a manufacturing-based, export-oriented economy.
It would also concomitantly attract foreign investment to Vietnam, not only from the U.S., but also
from Europe, Asia, and other regions.
On January 11, 2007, Vietnam became WTO’s 150th member, after 11 years of preparation,
including 8 years of negotiation. Vietnam’s access to WTO should provide an important boost to
Vietnam’s economy and should help to ensure the continuation of liberalizing reforms and create
options for trade expansion. However, WTO accession also brings serious challenges, requiring
Vietnam’s economic sectors to open the door to increased foreign competition.
Although Vietnam’s economy, which continues to expand at an annual rate in excess of 7
percent, is one of the fastest growing in the world, the economy is growing from an extremely low
base, reflecting the crippling effect of the Second Indochina War (1954-75) and repressive
economic measures introduced in its aftermath. Whether rapid economic growth is sustainable is
open to debate. The government may not be able to follow through with plans to scale back trade
restrictions and reform state-owned enterprises. Reducing trade restrictions and improving
transparency are keys to gaining full membership in the World Trade Organization (WTO), as
hoped by mid-2006. The government plans to reform the state-owned sector by partially privatizing
thousands of state-owned enterprises, including all five state-owned commercial banks.
56. According to the passage, the Bilateral Trade Agreement____________________.
a. helped to expand Vietnam’s export markets
b. helped to improve the quality of Vietnamese goods
c. brought about a complete transformation in Vietnam’s economy
d. normalized the diplomatic relations between the U.S and Vietnam
108
57. WTO accession __________.
a. creates difficulties for private enterprises of Vietnam
b. has been a major boost for Vietnam’s economy
c. reaffirms the primacy of the state
d. implements an open-door policy for foreign investors.
58. The word ‘crippling in the last paragraph means________________.
a. destructive b. major c. dramatic d. remarkable
59. How can the government reform the state-owned sector?
a. By reducing state intervention in business.
b. By eliminating government subsidies.
c. By privatizing state-owned enterprises.
d. By including commercial banks.
60. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
a. Vietnam’s economy is growing at an anual rate of 7 percent.
b. The BTA opened the door to increased international trade.
c. That rapid economic growth is sustainable can not be certain.
d. The government plans to nationalize commercial banks.
IV. WRITING
61. John applied for the job even though he has no experience in the field.
a. John didn’t apply for the job if he had experience in the field.
b. Because of his inexperience in the field, John didn’t apply for the job.
c. John was unable to apply for the job because he was inexperienced in the field.
d. In spite of his inexperience in the field, John applied for the job.
62. Some people will go to any lengths to lose weight.
a. Some people haven’t lost any weight for a long time.
b. Some people will do anything to lose weight.
c. It takes some people a long time to lose weight.
d. Some people find it hard to lose weight.
63. The project received the unanimous approval of the committee.
a. A few members of the committee approved of the project.
b. Many members of the committee approved of the project.
c. The whole committee wasn’t in favor of the project.
d. The whole committee was in favor of the project.
64. If interest rates are cut, the economic situation may improve.
a. There’s no doubt that the economic situation will improve as a result of the reduction in
interest rates.
b. The economic situation may improve if we increase the interest rates.
c. The economic situation won’t be better if interest rates are cut.
d. A reduction of interest rates may improve the economic situation.
65. Much as I respect your point of view, I can’t agree. -
a. I can’t agree because I respect your point of view.
b. I respect your point of view, so I agree.
c. Even though I respect your point of view, I can’t agree.
d. I can’t agree with your point of view even if I respect you.
110
UNIT 8: LIFE IN THE FUTURE
I. Choose the word whose vowel sound is different from that of the provide
one.
1. life wipe Chinese micro Jupiter
2. sort worse chore launch thought
3. ahead breath threat disease fresh
4. good could food pull foot
5. out bound found now ought
6. thank space hand happen travel
7. power own our crowd count
8. speed peace scene few piece
9. straight great air take aim
10. achieve peace receive street science
II. Answer these questions, using the words from the box.
citizen astronaut tourist pessimist politician terrorist
scientist optimist environmentalist centenarian
What do you call a person who...
1. thinks that the worst thing will happen in every situation? __________________
2. uses violence in order to achieve political aims? __________________
3. is 100 years old or older? __________________
4. tends to expect that good things will happen? __________________
5. travels and works in space? __________________
6. wants to protect the environment? __________________
7. is traveling or visiting a place for pleasure? __________________
8. studies one or more of the natural science? __________________
9. has the legal right to belong to a particular country? __________________
10. has a job in politics, esp. a member of the government? __________________
III. Complete each of the sentences with the correct form of the word in brackets.
1. Inflation will never be completely ________from the economy. (eradicate)
2. Public cooperation is vital in the fight against ________.(terrorize)
3. He is now so weak the doctors are ________ about his chances of making a full recovery.
(pessimist)
4. The government expressed ___________ about the success of the negotiations.
(optimist)
5. Many people lost their jobs in the great _________ of the 1930s. (depress)
6. Life ________varies according to country and gender. (expect)
7. Will the universe continue to expand __________? (eternal)
8. The inspectors were impressed by the speed and________ of the new system. (efficient)
9. He made a very positive _____________ to the success of the project. (contribute)
10. This ________enables computers to read handwriting. (technique)
11. She died _________ of a heart attack at the age of only forty-six. (expect)
12. Higher taxes on gas encourage people to_____________ on fuel. (economy)
13. The young generations are becoming more and more __________ their outlook. (material)
IV. Fill in each blank with one appropriate preposition.
Ask most people what is happening (1) __________ the world’s population and they are likely
to say it is exploding. Ask them if there will be enough food next century and they will say no. Ask
them (2) _________ the world’s energy supplies and they will say they are running (3)
__________ and we will all be sitting in the dark and cold next century. Ask them what they think
(4) ___________ raw materials and they will say we are using them up (5) __________ a rate that
will mean there are none left (6) ________ our grandchildren.
These statements have two things (7) ________common. They are too gloomy, if not about this
century then the next. And they are all wrong. Or so it is persuasively argued (8) ________ a book
that tries to chart our future over the next quarter century. Most of the attention the book has
received so far has concentrated (9) ________ its forecasts for Britain and the prospect (10)
___________ five million unemployed.
V. Fill in each blank with the correct preposition of time or place.
1. The train will be leave___________ a few minutes.
2. Fruit trees generally bloom ___________________April or May.
3. Our house is__________the woods, the river and the village.
4. I worked for that company _____ three years, ______2005________2008.
5. The President lives__________the White House, which is located 1600.
Pennsylvania Avenue_______________Washington, D. C.
6. Mozart died _________Vietnam ________1791 ________the age of 35.
7. I saw several people I know at the barbecue ________Saturday afternoon.
8. People usually give each other presents and cards ________Christmas.
9. She has been off work ________Tuesday.
10. Lisa’s birthday is _________ the end of March, ________March 29.
11. My office is ________ the Administration' Buildingthe third floor.
12. Did you hear that news _________ television or read it ________ the newspaper?
13. Videophones are not practical ________present, but they may be _________the near future.
14. Neil Armstrong was the first man to walk _______ the moon ______ 21 July 1969.
15. We arrived ________Paris around noon, but we didn’t arrive ______our friend’s
house until well after three.
VI. Put in the missing preposition.
1. I started to feel afraid _____ going out alone at night.
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2. The children are excited ________their upcoming trip to the countryside.
3. I am not interested ________ anything that happened ______the very remote past.
4. These days everybody is aware _________ the dangers of smoking.
5. The children are very fond _______ swimming.
6. I’m sorry ________being late on Monday.
7. I’m not exactly keen ______ cooking, but I prefer it ________ washing up.
8. Your composition is full ________mistakes. Write it again.
9. Many people are very concerned ________global warming.
10. Mark Twain is famous________ his novels about life on Mississipi River.
11. I think it’s important to become familiar _________ cultures and customs
different ____________ your own.
12. It is good to be pleased _______ ourselves and proud _______ ourselves when
we have done a good job.
13. I’m getting on all right at school except _____ English. I’m quite bad ______it.
14. Too much sun isn’t good _____ you. It is bad______ your skin.
15. Even when parents no longer live together, they eachcontinue to be responsible their children.
16. I’m not accustomed ________drinking coffee. I’m a tea drinker.
17. She is a very honest person. I don’t think she is capable ________ telling a lie.
18. She’d got fed up _______waiting and went home.
19. I’ve been trying to learn Spanish, but I’m not very satisfied _______ my progress.
20. Why are you always so rude ________ Liz? Can’t you be nice _____ her?
VII. Choose the appropriate prepositions.
1. He agreed on / with them about / for the need for change.
2. They succeeded in / on escaping from / of the burning house.
3. I object for / to being kept waiting. Why can’t you be in / on time?
4. I congratulated her at / on passing her final exam.
5. They accused me in / of borrowing the car without asking.
6. I must write and thank my aunt for / about sending me a wonderful present.
7. If you can’t depend in / on your family to help you in times of trouble, who can you rely on /
to?
8. I apologized to / with my boss about / for my mistake.
9. It’s important to believe at / in yourself.
10. Is she married to / with the man she loves?
11. We complained with / to the manager of the restaurant about / for the food.
12. Scientists have warned us on / about the effects of global warming.
13. My friend insisted in / on taking me to the airport.
14. I complimented her for / on her English. She spoke very fluently and her pronunciation was
excellent.
15. The hotel provides you with / for everything except a toothbrush.
VIII. Put a/ an, the or zero article (-) in the spaces. Give all possible answers.
1. Last night we had __________terrible storm. Our children were frightened by
___________thunder.
2. Frank Lloyd Wright is __________ name of _________ famous architect. He is architect
who designed __________ Guggenheim Museum in New York
3. happiness of the majority depends on ________ hard work from everyone.
4. It was__________day that would remain in my memory forever.
5. ________ music plays an important part in _____ film. And I thought music used in this
film was _____________ best part.
6. ________ washing machine has had a huge impact on _____ people’s lives since it was
invented.
7. special award was given to _______________novelist Ian Mc Murphy.
8. It issad fact that______________money buys political power in many countries.
9. Do you remember ___________Wilmotts ? They used to live opposite us.
10. _______bicycle is ________ important means of transport for many people with
no access to ____________public transport.
11. _________ earthquake in _________south of the country has left thousands homeless.
12. I don’t usually have __________breakfast, but I always eat ___ big lunch.
13. ________World Wide Fund for Nature organized a major campaign to save ________ tiger.
14. We met our good friend ________ Jean Wools when we were in _________Plymouth.
15. Margaret loved having holidays at ____________ seaside, but her doctor advised
her to spend time in______________warm climate.
16. He found himself________face to _______ face with ________ Lieutenant Evans.
17. She was_______first woman to cross ______ Atlantic in ________ canoe.
18. After she had________leisurely dinner downstairs Julia played piano for ________while.
19. They are at ________sea now. They write that they are having ______ marvelous time.
20. When he was in______hospital she could not get _______ permission to visit him.
IX. Insert a/ an, the or no article (-).
(1) _______ world wildlife is in (2) _____ danger. (3) ______ reasons are complex (4)
_______ world’s population is expanding, and the increasingly (5) _______ man is destroying
more and more of (6) ________ natural environment. (7) ______ last dodo in (8) _______ world
died on (9) _______ island of Mauritius in (10) _______ late seventeenth century. Today, (11)
______ black rhino in Kenya could go (12) ______ same way. There is (13) ______ world-wide
trade - much of it illegal - in (14) _________ animals and birds. (15) _________ particular favorite,
and one severely threatened with (16) _______ extinction through smuggling is (17) ______ orang-
utan, which only survives in (18) ________ forests of Borneo and Sumatra. (19) fierce argument
is now raging about how to protect (20) ________ most endangered species. Some people argue
that (21) ______zoos, with their research work and breeding programmes, offer (22) ______ best
hope, and (23) _____ protection from international smugglers. But some of (24) _______ older
zoos have (25) _______ disadvantage of (26) _______ cramped city conditions, though (27)
________ zoo with (28) _______ wide open spaces like Whipsnade Zoo in (29) _______
Bedfordshire countryside north of London is seen as offering (30) _______ pleasant habitat.
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TEST 1
I. PRONUNCIATION
1. a breath b. threaten c. healthy d. great
2.a. labour b. bound c. how d. without
3.a. methane b. breathing c. threaten d. anything
4.a. link b. fit c. wipe d. system
5.a. travelled b. designed c. forced d. achieved
II. LANGUAGE FOCUS
substitutes for the underlined word.
6. He remains deeply pessimistic ________the peace process.
a. in b. on c. to d. about
7. Parental involvement contributes significantly
a. on b. to c. for d. in
8. During the crisis, many companies will be wiped ________ will be lost.
a. out b. off c. down d. away
9. In the great ______ of the 1930s, many businesses and banks failed and millions of people lost
their jobs.
a. development b. boom c. depression d. reformation
10. I’ve always had a fairly____________outlook on life.
a. optimist b. optimistic c.
d. optimized
11. At the height of the financial crisis, all they could do was to __________ their expenses and
hope that things would improve.
a. stop off b. cut down c. run on d. go over
12. During the recession, many small companies were eradicated,
a. run on b. taken over c. wiped out d. set up
13. It's incredible how much Tom has changed since he met Sally.
a. unbelievable b. difficult c. disappointed d. imaginable
14. The bomb attacks have been attributed to a group of international________.
a. terrorism b. terrorist c. terrorists d. terrorization
15. Unemployment_________directly to homelessness.
a. attributes b. creates c. provides d. contributes
16. The invention of___________ is normally attributed to the German engineer
Gottlieb Daimler.
a. car b. a car c. the car d. an car
17. ________ is one of the many factors involved in changing farming methods.
a. A climate b. Climate c. Climates d. The climates
18. They searched the whole house __________by ____________.
a. a room – a room b. room - room
b. rooms – rooms d. the room – the room
19. Using the new software, _________parents will be able to monitor their children’s use of
___________ Internet.
a. 0 - the b. the - 0 c. 0 - 0 d. the - the
20. ________ is there to give you pleasure, not to be a constant worry.
a. A garden b. Garden c. The garden d. Gardens
21. We haven’t got ______ left. We must have some when we go shopping.
a. a butter b. any butter c. the butter d. some butter
22. If you want to get a degree, you normally have to study at ___________.
a. university b. a university c. an university d. the university
23. I didn’t have time for________breakfast this morning because I was in _____hurry.
a. 0 - a b. a - the c. the - a d. 0 - 0
24. I was surprised _____ the readiness with which she agreed ____my suggestion.
a. to - with b. at - to c. for - to d. at - of
25. Personally, I don’t agree _________ fox hunting, although I know that you
approve _____ it.
a. to - for b. on - in c. with - of d. to - of
26. Babara turned ________the TV because she was tired ________listening to the news.
a. down - for b. off - of c. up - with d. off - in
27. There is a severe lack ___________ affordable housing in the city and many
people are homeless.
a. of b. on c. for d. in
28. Our children are very polite _adults, but they argue _________their playmates all the time.
a. to - for b. of - to c. with – with d. to - with
29. Jack takes great pride ________never throwing anything_________. He always says that one
day he’ll find a use for things.
a. on - out b. of - away c. in - away d. at - off
30. Please let me borrow your car. I promise I’ll take good care______________it.
a. on b. of c. for d. with
31. Although Debbie said she would think about it, she never had the slightest
A B C
intention to accept my suggestion.
D
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32. John Diefenbaker, Prime Minister of Canada during 1957 to 1963, is given
A B
much of the credit for the adoption of the Canadian Bill of Rights.
C D
33. They will be taking part the discussions, along with many other organizations.
A B C D
34. Please look after my things while I am to the doctor’s examing room.
A B C D
35. Marion was pleased with a work the children had done on their own.
A B C D
III. READING
material operate airlines buildings advantage designs existing capable
What will the aeroplane of the future look like? An increasing number of journey are being
made by air, and the (36) _______ are therefore demanding a new kind of plane to help them cope
with increasing passenger numbers. One of the revolutionary new (37) ___________ being
developed is a “flying wing”, which is short but very wide, in contrast to most planes, which are
long and narrow.
It will be (38) _________ of carrying 600-8000 passengers. It will be built of an
extremely light (39)_______, and together with the unusual design, this will improve performance.
The new aeroplane will be quieter and more comfortable than (40) __________ planes. It will also
cost less to (41) ________, and will therefore help to keep fares at affordable levels.
An additional (42) _______ of this plane is that no new runways or terminal (43)
______ will have to be built for it, because it is being designed in such a way that it can use
existing ones.
Some day people will certainly try to build settlements on the moon. The best place for houses
in a moon town will be a cave or a tunnel. Underground houses will not be squashed by meteorites
that constantly foil on the moon from outer space. This will be important on the moon, since
daytime is so hot that food could be cooked in the rocks, and the nights get bitterly cold.
Pioneer moon homes may be made of airtight plastic that can be blown up like a balloon
inside the cave. The reason for tins is that the moon has no air around it. The pioneers will have to
take along from the earth the oxygen masks when they are away from home. But the balloon house
itself will be filled with air. Perhaps the house will have beds, tables and chairs, built into it. These
can be inflated, too. So people will sleep, eat and work on air! Moon- house building will be easy.
The moon’s gravity is less than the earth’s. Everything weighs only one-sixth as much as it does on
the earth.
True or false?
44. The temperature on the moon is stable during the day and night.
45. The people on the moon will have to wear oxygen masks when they leave their home.
46. There is no air on the moon.
47. If a stone weights 18 tons on the earth, it weighs only three tons on the moon.
48. Houses cannot be built on the moon because of the weak gravity.
49. What is the best place for -house in a moon town?
50. What may the moon homes be made of?
51. Why will the pioneers have to take along from the earth the oxygen they need for breathing?
52. Can people build cities on the moon?
IV. SPEAKING
53. “Could you pick me up before 3 o’clock?” _______ I’m still at work then.”
a. I expect so b. I suppose not c. I’m afraid not d. Yes I could
54. “Will the match take place in this weather?” “________In fact, I’m sure it won’t.”
a. I think so b. I don’t think so c. I guess so d. I hope not
55. “I’ve got 600 on the TOEFL test” “_____________!"
a. Well done b. Good way c. Good luck d. With pleasure
56. “Your new dress looks gorgeous!” “ .”
a. You’re so kind ' b. I’d rather you didn’t like
c. Don’t say that d. Thanks, I bought it at Macy’s
57. “Give my best wishes to your parents.”
a. It’s my pleasure b. You’re welcome
c. Thanks, I will d. Good idea, thanks
V. WRITING
Choose the sentence - a, b, c or d - which is built from the words given.
58. opinion/ violent films/ not show/ television//
a. To my opinion, violent films should not be Shown on television.
b. In my opinion, violent films should not be shown on television.
c. According to my opinion, violent films should not be shown on the television.
d. For my opinion, violent films should not be shown on the television.
59. Laser/ device/ concentrate/ light waves/ intense/ beam//
a. Laser is a device to concentrate light waves into an intense light beam.
b. The laser is a device concentrating light waves on an intense light beam.
c. The laser is a device which concentrates light waves into an intense light beam.
d. A laser is a device which concentrates light waves to an intense light beam.
60. I/ grateful/ kindness/ visit/ your farm/ last summer holiday//
a. I’m grateful for your kindness when I visited your farm last summer holiday.
b. I’m grateful with your kindness when I visited your farm last summer holiday.
c. I’m grateful to your kindness when I have visited your farm last summer holiday
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d. I’m grateful of your kindness to me when I visited your farm last summer holiday.
TEST 2
I. PRONUNCIATION
others.
1. a. eradicate b. astronaut c. standard d. fatal
2. a. straight b. pleasure c. celebrate d. break
3. a. future b. secure c. shuttle d. contribute
4. a. unexpected b. destroyed c. declared d. improved
5. a. technique b. economy c. citizen d. computer
6. a. optimistic b. unexpected c. environment d. electricity
7. a. contribute b. confident c. eternal d. eradicate
8. a. pessimism b. methane c. government d. centenarian
9. a. astronaut b. technique c. domestic d. incredible
10. a. influence b. efficient c. expectancy d. responsible
II. LANGUAGE FOCUS
11. Cars in the future will run _______ electricity or methane gas.
a. with b. after c. by d. on
12. In the future more people will work from home ________computers linked a head office.
a. with - for b. on - to c. in - with d. on – in
13. Computers are bound to have a huge influence ____various aspects _____our lives.
a. on - in b. in - of c. of - to d. on - of
14. According________Mick, life is full_______coincidences.
a. for - in b. to - with c. of - of d. to - of
15 ________ the children, they were happy enough to spend all day on the beach.
a. As of b. As for c. As to d. As from
16. ________We hope fatal diseases will be _________ from the world in the future.
a. transmitted b. eradicated c. erased d. abolished
17. Domestic chores are now no longer a ________thanks to the inventions of electronic devices.
a. bound b. weight c. burden d. load
18. The construction of the new road is ________winning the support of local residents.
a. thanks to b. reliant on c. dependent on d. responsible to
19. The use of ________ devices in homes, offices, and in factories added to the
amount of leisure time people had.
a. labour-saving b. hi-tech c. hand-held d. sophisticated
20. Prices continued to rise while wages remained low _____ the Government became increasingly
unpopular.
a. on condition that b. with the result that
c. provided that d. in order that
21. The workers welcome the new regulations, which become _________ on the first
of next month.
a. effective b. efficient c. influential d. efficacious
22. Many of the jobs which have been created in this area can be directly ______to tourism.
a. supported b. dedicated c. contributed d. attributed
23. Mary is so________ that people tell her all their troubles.
a. dependent b. confident c. pessimistic d. sympathetic
24. We have a________ future ahead with little comfort, food or hope.
a. secure b. pessimistic c. promising d. optimistic
25. Modern________ perhaps causes more problems than it solves.
a. technique b. technician c. technical d. technology
26. If you want to get away from it all, you can take a small boat to ___________ on.
one of the islands.
a. deserted beach b. the deserted beach
c. a deserted beach d. the beach deserted
27 . _______ has changed the way we obtain information more than any other
modern invention.
a. The television b. A television c. Television d. The televisions
28. Why did he stubbornly insist it all himself?
a. doing b. of doing c. for doing d. on doing
29. I have been offered__________position of__________Director of Personnel.
a. a - 0 b. the - a c. a - the d, the - 0
30 .UK will contribute 8,000 troops to NATO operation.
a. 0 - the b. The - 0 c. The - the d. 0 - 0
31. “You look upset.” Yes, I’ve had ________.”
a. the terrible morning b. terrible morning
c. some terrible morning d. a terrible morning
32._______in the Brazilian rainforests are now becoming popular with adventurous
travelers.
a. Holiday b. Holidays c. The holiday d. A holiday
33. ______ parents of Paul Thomas claimed that he was at _________home at the time of
_________robbery.
a. Ø - Ø - the b. The - the - the c. Ø-Ø - a d. The - Ø - the
34. He was incapable________passing the exam, but don’t feel sorry him. If he had been keen
_________ passing it, he would have studied much.
a. in - for - on b. of - with - on c. on - for - of d. of - for - on
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35. Increasing _______ _of fruit in the diet may help to reduce risk of heart disease.
a. the amount b. an amount c. the number d. a number
36. The government makes grants according to criteria that differ from _____ to _____
a. region b. a region c. the region d. regions
37. I didn’t have much success_____________a job.
a. finding b. in finding c. to find d. on finding
38. Winning a lottery is a rare occurrence. __________ very small.
a. A number of winners is b. The number of winners is
c. A number of winners are d. The number of winners are
39. I think it’s especially hard to teach children________________
a. responsibility b. the responsibilities
c. a responsibility d. the responsibility
40. Earlier in the year, the researchers found_____________, which they determined is over 6
million years old.
a. a fossil extremely large b. extremely large fossil
c. an extremely large fossil d. a large extremely fossil
C. Identify the one underlined word or phrase - A, B, C or D – that must be changed for the
41. Neither Jane nor Sarah explained me why they were so late.
A B C D
42. Robert A. Moog developed an electric device that could be used for play
A B C
synthesized music.
D
43. Ozone layer acts as an umbrella against most of the Sun’s dangerous rays.
A B C D
44. According to many students, how to pronounce English is more difficult
A B C
than reading it.
D
45. Anne Elizabeth McDowell is best remembered for a weekly journal, Woman’s
A B C
Advocate, who she launched in January 1855.
D
III. READING
passage.
What will our future (46) ________? Floating cities, flying to work and traveling in cars
capable (47) _______ operating underwater? And how will technology advance to make use of our
natural (48) _______ to help feed our growing population in (49) ____ areas as food, water and
electricity?
The era of smog-filled skies will be over, (50) ______ fewer of us will be driving cars. There
will no longer be the use for cars and roads as we’ll be piloting (51)______ friendly personal
vehicles between cities and under the seas. And we will never be (52) again thanks to GPS-
driven virtual mapping. Then again, with teleportation we will not need to travel (53) ________.
And, (54) ________ of all, we’ll all have more time to enjoy the astounding advances of our near
future, because we’ll all be (55)________longer. A lot longer.
46. a. look for b. look like c. look after d. look into
47. a. in b. at c. of d. for
48. a. causes b. supplies c. sources d. resources
49. a. such b. so c. same d. as
50. a. though b. therefore c. because d. while
51. a. environment b. environmental c. environmentally d. environmentalist
52. a. lost b. lose c. losing d. loss
53. a. at that b. at risk c. at all d. at least
54. a. most b. best c. least d. more
55. a. surviving b. living c. saving d. going
People used to know more or less how their children would live. Now things are changing so
quickly that they don’t even know what their own lives will be like in a few years’ time. What
follows is not science fiction. It is how experts see the future.
You are daydreaming behind the steering wheel; is it too dangerous? No! That’s no problem
because you have it on automatic pilot, and with its hi-tech computers and cameras, your car
“know” how to get you home safe and sound.
What is for lunch? In the old days you used to stop off to buy a hamburger or a pizza. Now
you use your diagnostic machine to find out which foods your body needs. If your body needs more
vegetables and less fat, your food-preparation machine makes you a salad.
After lunch, you go down the hall to your home office. Here you have everything you need to
do your work. Thanks to your information screen and your latest generation computer, you needn't
go to the office any more. The information screen shows an urgent message from a co-worker in
Brazil. You can instantly send back a reply to him and go on to deal with other matters.
56. The passage mainly discuss about __________ .
a. what the life is like in the future. b. food that people will eat in the future .
c. the pace of life in the future d. the role of the computer in future life
57. According to the passage, people in the future__________________.
a. usually have daydreams while driving
b. won’t need to work for living
c. will always have a balanced diet for their meals
d. will be much lazier
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58. The word “its” in the second paragraph refers to____________
a. the future b. automatic pilot
c. the steering wheel d. the car
59. With the help of high technology, you can_____________________.
a. work and travel quickly
b. have everything you need to do your work
c. work at home without going to the office
d. deal with a lot of matters at the same time
60. Which of the following is NOT true about life in the future?
a. There’s no need to concentrate much when driving.
b. Eating is a problem because food contains too much fat.
c. Getting information is a matter of just a few seconds.
d. Contacts between people are almost instant.
IV. WRITING
61. Indiana University, one of the largest in the nation, is located __________ .
a. a small midwestern town b. in small midwestern town
c. small midwestern town d. in a small midwestern town.
62 . ________In the atmosphere is the temperature falling below freezing.
a. Frost is produced b. Frost produces
c. What produces frost d. What is frost produced
63. Jack lost his job______________.
a. because he never showed up for work on time
b. therefore he spent his time working hard
c. although he was not hard-working
d. as long as he had worked regularly
64. Internet companies rely heavily on income from on-line purchases, but _____ .
a. traditional companies as well b. traditional companies too
c. also traditional companies d. so do traditional companies
65 . ________ for running a red light, Jane decided it was not in her best interest to argue since she
was not wearing her seat belt.
a. The police stopped her b. When stopping by the police
c. Being stopped by the police d. Having been stopped by the police
FIRST-SEMESTER EXAMINATION
Time allowed: 60 minutes
I. Pronunciation
1. Which of the following words has the underlined part pronounced differently from that of the
others?
a. disposal b. involvement c. promotion d. erosion
2. Which of the following words has a different consonant sound?
a. depression b. fresher c. progress d. assure
3. Which of the following words has a different final sound?
a. repeats b. attacks c. laughs d. learns
4. Which of the following words is stressed on the first syllable?
a. compulsory b. category c. academic d. optimistic
5. Which of the following words has the stress pattern different from that of the others?
a. agricultural b. popularity c. represent d. subsequent
II. Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that best completes the sentence.
6. A minor earthquake occurred__________2:07 am______January 3.
a. at - in b. in - on c. at – on d. from - in
7. Your personality is important the success of your work,
a. with b. in c. to d. on
8. Raw fresh fruits and vegetables must be ________washed in water to remove
soil and other contaminants.
a. quickly b. completely c. gently d. thoroughly
9. I know the meeting will be on_____________in June, but I don’t know the exact
date yet.
a. Sunday b. a Sunday c. Sundays d. the Sundays
10. You can have a burger, but you can’t have fries ________.
a. so b. either c. as well d. neither
11 . _________ interested in that subject, I would try to learn more about it.
a. If I am b. I was c. Were I d. Should I
12. Bilingual children do ________in IQ tests than children who speak only one
language.
a. good b. well c. better d. best
13. “Do you think you’ll get the job?” “______”
a. Well, I hope so b. I have no idea
c. I don’t think so d. Oh, I hope not
14. He suggested the house_________before New Year.
a. painted b. is painted c. be painted d. should paint
15. At the meeting,________he spoke well, he was unable to persuade the other
members.
a. because b. unless c. only if d. even though
16. Never in all my life ________such a horrible thing.
a. I have seen b. I saw c. have I seen d. did I see
17. The old man and his two dogs________my house yesterday made a lot of noise.
a. passed b. that passed c. which passed d. who passed
18 ________you cut down your carbohydrate intake, you’d have lost weight by now.
a. Unless b. Were c. If d. Had
19. Losing his job changed his whole________ on life.
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a. outlook b. view c. approach d. purpose
20. “What a lovely house you have!” “________.”
a. I think so b. Of course c. Thank you d. You’re welcome
III. Give the correct form or tense of the verb in brackets.
21. I’m not opposed to your plan but it needs ________ (modify).
22. If he wins, he’ll be the first Englishman____________(win) for fifty years.
23. We would save thousands of lives if we_________ (find out) the remedy for the cancer.
24. Don’t worry! By the time you arrive tomorrow, we_________.(complete) the work.
25. Jim, why don’t you take some time off? You ______ (work) too hard lately.
26. A new ring-road round the city _________ (build) at the moment.
IV. Give the correct form of the word m brackets.
27. I don’t want my kids to spend their young years under constant ______ to be the best, (press)
28. The Government is calling for the support of the rich to the poor in the campaign called
Poverty ___________, (eradicate)
29. Thinking for your own sake all the time will soon make you a ________ Person, (self)
30. Materialistic people tend to be more_________ with their lives, (satisfy)
V. Choose the underlined word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that needs correcting.
31. If he had begun earlier, he might have succeeded of finishing the extremely
A B C D
complex project before the deadline.
32. Your professor has told me that you worked hardly on this assignment
A B C D
33. Modems permit computers communicating with one another over telephone lines.
A B C D
34. The teacher whom book I have said that I could keep it.
A B C D
35. It is normal for students to be nervous when they are prepared for a new
A B C D
school year.
VI. Read the text and then decide which answer - a, b, c or d - best fits each space.
Man is a social animal and so it is impossible for him to (36) _______ alone for a long period
of time. He constantly needs people who can be with him and support him during (37) _________
times and encourage him when he strides forward in life. He needs people who can (38) ________
his happy as well as sorrowful moments, people whom he can trust and find solace (39) ________.
These are the people he can go to at (40) ______ point in time, love them, fight with them, and yet
have (41) ______that he will never be left alone till the very end. These are the people he shares
his (42) ______ with - his parents, children and siblings. His spouse also forms a part of this set-up,
(43) _______ not of his bloodline. They are his family.
36. a. stand . b. stay c. keep d. go
37. a. good b. early c. happy d. tough
38. a. give b. take c. share d. spare
39. a. into b. on c. with v d. in
40. a. a b. any c. the d. some
41. a. faith b. faithful c. faithfulness d. faithfully
42. a. bloodshed b. bloodline c. bloodstream d. bloodshot
43. a therefore b. otherwise c. however d. though
VII. Read the passage carefully, decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false
(F), and then answer the questions.
DON’T TOUCH! WE ARE ENGLISH!
English people think that you should avoid physical contact with strangers. When they ride on
an underground train or stand in a crowded lift, they keep themselves to themselves. They read on
trains or buses so that they don’t have to talk to people they don’t know. They avoid eye contact at
all costs.
Research has shown that the English are much more conscious of their personal space than
other nationalities, especially the Irish or the Scots, who seem more at ease with physical contact.
The English allow much less contact, even with friends. And they can be upset if you touch them
unexpectedly. You should never, for example, tap an English person on the shoulder if you want to
attract their attention. It’s safer to cough or say: ‘Excuse me?’
When the English meet people for the first time, they shake hands, but then immediately move
further away. Other nationalities, Spanish people or Egyptians, for example, move closer to
someone they are speaking to, but not the English. The English think you shouldn’t get too close
because it suggests a desire for intimacy. And they rarely kiss people they have just met at a party
when they are leaving.
True or false?
44. The English do not always make conversation with strangers.
45. It is usual for English people to avoid eye contact with strangers.
46. The English usually slap each other on the shoulder when meeting.
47. The English usually stand close to another person while in conversation.
48. Kissing and embraces are not usual in the UK on a first meeting.
49. What should you do when you want to attract an English person’s attention?
50. What should you do when you are introduced to an English person?
VIII. From the words or phrases - a, b, c or d - choose the one that best completes the
sentences.
51. his television would not be so loud.
a. If Rafael studied b. Unless Rafael was studying
c. Had Rafael being studied d. Were Rafael studying
52. Jack told me that_________________.
a. someone called me around ten-thirty
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b. someone had called me around ten-thirty
c. someone would have called me around ten-thirty
d. someone was calling me around ten-thirty
53. No matter___________, you will still make mistakes.
a. how you are careful b. how are you careful
c. how careful you are d. how careful are you
54. “We lost the last game because of the referee,” said the team captain.
a. The team captain said that without the referee, they might have lost the last game.
b. The team captain admitted to the referee that they had lost the last game.
c. The team captain refused to tell the referee about their loss in the last game.
d. The team captain blamed the referee for their loss in the last game.
55. David was narrowly defeated and blew his own chance of becoming a champion.
a. Losing the championship came as a terrible blow to David.
b. In spite of the narrow defeat, David won the championship.
c. As a result of his narrow defeat, David did not win the championship.
d. But for his title as the former champion, David would not have defeated his rivals.
UNIT 9: DESERTS
I. Write the pronunciation of the underlined letter(s) in each of the following words. Use a
dictionary if you need to.
1. desert 6. aerial 11. expedition 16. spinifex
2. animal 7. cactus 12. hummock 17. corridor
3. slope 8. camel 13. route 18. European
4. stretch 9. colony 14. pale 19. Australia
5. plant 10. dune 15. survey 20. aborigine
II. Fill in each blank with an appropriate word from the box.
aerial rainfall desert expeditions hummock
colonies crest slopes dunes network
1. The Sahara is the largest________on the African continent.
2. Deserts cover about one fifth of the Earth’s surface and occur where __________ is less than
50 cm/year.
3. In areas such as mountain _______________, the soil is shallow, rocky or gravely
with good drainage.
4. The Simpson desert remained a mystery until Madigan made a _______________
survey in 1929.
5. Some of the sand____________ in the Sahara can reach 180 metters in height
6. He had made two____________ to the Gobi Desert to study desert plants.
7. She half-stumbled over a _______of grass as she rushed towards her mother.
1. Beneath the city lies a labyrinthine________________________of tunnels.
8. Most of the British_______________in Africa, Asia and the Caribbean achieved
independence.
9. It took us over an hour to reach the ______________of the hill.
III. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the word in brackets.
1. The Sahara desert is sparsely covered with various types of _______ ranging from grasses,
shrubs, and trees. (vegetable)
2. Deserts typically have a plant cover that is sparse but ________ diverse. (enormous)
3. More than a billion people all over the world are under the threat of desert
________. (expand)
1. Technological progress has boosted the ________of the Gobi Desert in Mongolia, (explore)
4. The deserts of Patagonia are expanding due to ________ (desert)
5. A wide base will make the structure much more ___________ . (stabilize)
6. The soil was ________ and nothing seemed to grow in it. (sand)
7. Deserts have been growing at a __________ speed within the last 100 years, (frighten)
8. The city is at an ________ of 2000 metres, (elevate)
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10. Three years later Madigan led a ________ expedition across the sand dunes on a more
northerly route, (science)
IV. Add so, but, therefore, however where appropriate.
1. The wind was howling outside, ________it was warm and comfortable indoor.
2. The highway was under construction, ______ we had to take a different route to work.
3. You could fly via Singapore; ________________, this isn’t the only way.
4. There is still much to discuss. We shall, ___________, return to this item at our next meeting.
5. It isn’t that he lied exactly,__________________ he did tend to exaggerate.
6. I thought the plane would be delayed; ________, I bought a lot of magazines to read.
7. Jackson was going to study all night, ________he declined our invitation to dinner.
1. We thought the figures were correct_______________we have now discovered some errors.
8. Cars have become much more complicated. __________, mechanics need more training than
in the past.
9. We arrived at the theater late ________ the play had not yet begun. We were quite surprised.
10. Prices have been rising. It is unlikely,_________, that this increase will continue.
11. The bread was old and stale, __________ Martha ate it anyway.
12. The holiday had been a complete disaster. We,_____________ , decide to fly home early if we
could.
13. He failed the exam,_________________he had to do the job he didn’t like.
14. The expedition hoped to climb the mountain by August _________bad weather could be a
hindrance.
V. Complete these two paragraphs.
A. Put in: also, but, despite, or, that, therefore.
CAR PROBLEMS
I was having a lot of problems -with my car. The engine kept cutting out, and I(1)
__________has trouble starting it. I got so fed up with it (2) ______. I took it to a garage. They told
me it was going to cost hundreds of pounds to repair, (3) _________ unfortunately didn’t have the
money, and I (4) ________decided to get rid of the car (5) ______ needing it for work. Now I get
the bus to work (6) _________ a colleague gives me a lift.
B. Put in: alternatively, as a result of, consequently, furthermore, in spite of, on top of.
UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
(7) ___________ their aim to get more young people into universities, the government has put
financial difficulties in their way. Nowadays most students get a loan instead of a grant, and some
have to pay tuition fees (8) _________________ that. (9) ________ many of them run up huge
debts, or (10) ______________ their parents have to support them. (11) ________ these obstacles,
some school leavers are discouraged from applying to go to university. (12) _____________ an
increasing number are dropping out before completing the course.
VI. Underline the correct alternative.
1. Your essay is badly organized and full of spelling mistakes. Though/ Nevertheless, it contains
some very interesting ideas.
2. To the east the trees were left standing, while/ in contrast to the west they were cut down.
3. I felt guilty about leaving the company even though/ because I knew I had made the right
decision.
4. I must call my mother. Otherwise/ Therefore, she’ll start worrying about me.
5. He was refused entry to the country. Though/ Instead he was forced to return to Spain.
6. Sue didn’t know how to swim, yet/ for she jumped into the swimming pool.
7. We are short of money so/ but we had to spend the night on a park bench.
8. I understand your point of view. However/ Therefore I don’t agree with it.
9. Jane is taking a course into auto mechanics because/ so that she can fix her own car.
10. Modern farming methods have destroyed the habitat of many birds. As a result/ So that their
numbers are in decline.
11. He has lived next door to us for years, but/ so we hardly ever see him.
12. The building was extreme well constructed and, consequently / furthermore, difficult to
demolish.
13. Emily has never wanted to return to Yukon to live despite! because of the severe winters.
14. There is fog at Heathrow; the plane, however/ therefore, has been diverted.
15. I know traveling by bus takes longer than flying, but/ however it will be more interesting.
VII. Choose items from (i) and from (ii) to complete these sentences in an appropriate way.
Note the punctuation at the ends of the sentences and phrases already given.
(i) (ii)
therefore his face seemed familiar
so that her sister is full of self-confidence
otherwise everybody had their fair share
furthermore he had not even contacted her
yet you start learning how to use the Internet
whereas you will not be considered for that job
however the elevator was broken
even though he couldn’t pick us up after the concert
because we have now discovered some errors
unless I hadn’t done any extra studying
1. We thought the figures were correct _____________________________________
2. I got an “A” in the test ________________________________________________
3. Bill’s car wouldn’t start._______________________________________________
4. Martha cut the cake carefully into slices __________________________________
5. You should speak both Japanese and Chinese fluently, _______________________
6. I couldn’t remember meeting him before, _________________________________
7. Jane is insecure and unsure of herself, ____________________________________
8. The modern world will pass you by ______________________________________
9. We had to walk up six flights of stairs ____________________________________
10. He said he had not discussed the matter with her. ___________________________
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VIII. Fill in each blank with one appropriate preposition.
1. Some animals have specialized adaptations for dealing _________ the desert heat and lack
______________ water
2. People cut___________ trees for fuel and farmland.
1. Their herds eat ___________________ the grass covering the valley floors and hillsides. The
climate and soil quality, therefore, are affected and forests are turned _____________ deserts.
3. A lot of efforts have been made to prevent the dune _________advancing.
4. In Algeria, people planted a green wall of trees_______________the edge of the
Sahara to stop the desert sand_________________spreading.
5. ______________ the west, the Gibbon, Great Sandy, and Tanami Deserts comprise an
enormous sandy area.
6. The dunes are separated____________corridors _________low, open shrubland.
2. Hummock grasses grow____________the crest and spinifex grows _________the
corridors between dunes.
7. The Sahara stretches ________ the Red Sea _____ the outskirts of Atlantic Ocean.
8. Children are forced to work_______________19 hours a day in the factories.
IX. Write a sentence of similar meaning using the word or words in brackets.
1. This product is cheap, and it’s effective, (as well as)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2. We can fix dinner for them here, or we can take them to a restaurant, (either ... or)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3. The leopard faces extinction. The tiger faces extinction (both ... and)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
4. The party isn’t very popular, and its policies aren’t very popular. (neither ... nor)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
1. I felt very emotional, and I almost burst into tears, (so ... that)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5. I was quoted in the newspapers and interviewed on TV. (not only ... but also)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
6. I have to book the hotel, and I have to make the travel arrangements, (in addition to)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
7. My parents is going to meet me at the airport, or my brother is going to meet me at the airport,
(either ... or)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
8. Jane was invited to Bill’s farewell party, and so were her roommates, (not only ... but also)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
9. Wage cuts have led to people rioting on the streets, (as a result of)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
TEST 1
I. PRONUNCIATION
1. a. desert b. crest c. stretch d. species
2. a. expedition b. excitement c. exploration d. expectation
3. a. reach b. steep c. season d. ocean
4. a. crest b. camel c. centre d. cactus
5. a. growth b. route c. loose d. through
II. LANGUAGE FOCUS
6. The Simpson Desert was named _______ A. A. Simpson, President of the Royal
Geographical Society of Australasia in 1929.
a. of b. to c. as d. after
7. _________ the north of Nullabor Plain stretches Great Victoria Desert,
a. In b. To c. From d. On
8. The land loses its protective cover of vegetation and soon turns ______ desert.
a. in b. to c. into d. down
9. The desert_________for endless miles on all sides of us.
a. developed b. reached c. comprised d. stretched
10. A is a low hill of sand formed by wind, in a desert.
a. crest b. dune c. slope d. hummock
11. His next major__________was across the desert to Nubia, mainly by camel.
a. expedition b. travel c. voyage d. excursion
12. One well-known desert plant is the _______, which has thick stems covered in
spines but without leaves.
a. spinifex b. eucalyptus c. cactus d. date palm
13. Many people think of deserts as_______ region, but many species of plants
and animals have adapted to life there.
a. empty b. barren c. balmy d. plain
14. A desert island is a(n)__________place.
a. unpopular b. uninhabited c. deserted d. barren
15. He had led an__________expedition of the western Sonoran Desert.
a. explore b. exploring c. exploration d. exploratory
16 . ___________ extreme bad weather in the mountains, we’re no longer considering
our skiing trip.
a. Due to b. Because c. Since d. Despite
17. Because of the snowstorm only five students came to class. The teacher, _______, canceled the
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class.
a. however b. moreover c. therefore d. since
18. You cannot see the doctor __________you have made an appointment with him.
a. even so b. unless c. however d. without
19. The new system is better _____ it provides faster access to the Internet,
a. whereas b. because c. though d. consequently
20. The man had a motive for the murder.________, he was seen in the area at the time.
a. Moreover b. Consequently c. However d. Nevertheless
21. A tree had fallen across the road, _________ they had to turn round and go back.
a. but b. and c. so d. then
22. She worked hard________everything would be ready in time.
a. since b. as if c. unless d. so that
23. You can try your best to impress the interviewer ___________in the end it’s
often just a question of luck.
a. so b. but
c. however d. then
24. There was a bomb scare in the resort, and_____________tourists stayed away.
a. however b. while
c. consequently d. though
25. Plants that grow in high desert areas must live in extreme daytime heat.________, they must
be able to tolerate severe nighttime cold.
a. However b. Likewise
c. Therefore d. But
26. Everyone thought Emma should accept the offer._______ , she turned it down.
a. Moreover b. Nevertheless c. Therefore d. Consequently
27. Joe seemed to be in a good mood, ' he snapped at me angrily when I asked him to join us.
a. for b. so
c. yet d. and
28. I no longer have the support of the committee. I have,______, decided to resign.
a. moreover b. however
c. nevertheless d. therefore
29. Sarah often works late. She works on Saturdays sometime, _______________.
a. as well b. in addition
c. but also d. though
30. I’ve been running about 200 kilometers a week ______ prepare for the marathon.
a. whereas b. while
c. despite d. in order to
31. When Jenkins will submit his report tomorrow morning, the governer
A
will have all the information needed to make a decision.
B C D
32. Last night’s storm damaged the power lines. Consequent, the town was without
A B C D
electric for several hours.
33. If the personal computer had not been invented, will the information age
A B
have arrived by the other means?
C D
34. In much of Alaska, the growing season is too short that crops can’t be raised.
A B C D
35. We still haven’t got a sponsor even though the fact that we’ve written to
A B C D
dozens of companies.
III. READING
A. Fill in each blank with one appropriate word in the box.
deserts temperature rainfall emerging nocturnal cacti shortage continent
Deserts cover about one fifth of the earth’s land area. The desert is a harsh environment with
very little (36) ________and extreme temperatures. Desert plants like (37) ___________ are not
abundant; neither is animal life. Deserts are very dry regions with limited plant and animal life.
Some deserts get both very hot during the day and very cold during the night, when (38)
__________ can drop well below freezing point. Some deserts, however, are always cold, for
example the Gobi Desert in Asia, and the desert on the (39) ___________ of Antarctica.
Different animals live in the different types of (40) _____________ Animals that live in
the desert have adaptations to cope with the lack of water, the extreme temperatures, and the (41)
_____________ of food. To avoid daytime heat, many desert animals are (42) _______They
burrow beneath the surface or hide in the shade during the day, (43) __________ at night to eat.
Many desert animals do not have to drink at all; they get all the water they need from their food.
Most desert animals are small.
A desert is a region where only special forms of life can exist because there is a shortage of
moisture. Most of the dry, hot deserts with which we are familiar are found in two belts around the
world, just north and south of the Equator. They are caused by high atmospheric pressures that
exist in those areas which prevent rain from falling. Other deserts, which are found farther away
from the Equator, are the result of being in ‘the rain shadow’.
Deserts differ greatly in appearance. Where sand is abundant, the winds may build sand hills
or dunes. These are sand deserts. Rock deserts consist mostly of bare rock, which forms fantastic
cliffs and hills. No great rivers originate in deserts. But a river may rise in moist areas and cross
great deserts on its way to the sea. The Nile, for example, flows through the desert region of the
Sahara.
The animals that exist in the desert are those that have managed to adapt themselves to its
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conditions. They must be able to do without water for long periods, or be able to reach water holes
at great distances. The camel, for example, is highly adapted to desert life. It has padded feet to
walk on sand, a water-storing stomach, humps of fat as a reserve supply of energy, and nostrils that
can be closed to keep out sand during windstorms. Many of the smaller desert creatures need to
drink no water at all. They get what liquid they need from the sap of food plants and from night
dew on leaves or stones.
44. According to the passage, a desert is a region where _________.
a. there is no plant and animal life b. the sun beats down mercilessly
c. there is a lack of moisture d. the air is hot and humid
45. Which of the following is the reason why a desert is dry?
a. There are high atmospheric pressures in the area.
b. It has a high annual rainfall.
c. It lies on or close to the equator.
d. special forms of life exist there.
46. In the passage, the word “abundant” means_______________.
a. different b. unlimited c. existing d. plentiful
47. Both sand and rock deserts are________________.
a. sandy b. hilly c. windy d. rocky.
48. Which of the following sources of water is not found in the desert?
a. Rivers b. Seas c. Water holes d. Dew
49. Which parts of the camel make it suitable for desert life?
a. padded feet b. water-storing stomach
c. humps of fat d. all are correct
50. Why are food plants important to smaller desert animals?
a. Because the desert animals depend on the sap of the plants for liquid.
b. Because food plants are nutritious.
c. Because the desert animals live on vegetable food.
d. Because plants are a ready food supply for the desert animals.
IV. WRITING
51. Mark ate lots of ice cream and now he has a stomachache.
a. If Mark didn’t eat much ice cream, he wouldn’t have a stomachache.
b. If Mark hadn’t eaten much ice cream, he wouldn’t have a stomachache.
c. If Mark hadn’t eaten much ice cream, he wouldn’t have had a stomachache.
d. If Mark didn’t eat much ice cream, he wouldn’t have had a stomachache.
52. You can try as hard as you like but you won’t succeed.
a. However hard you try, you won’t succeed.
b. You can try your best if you won’t succeed.
c. You won’t succeed because you can’t try as hard.
d. Although you won’t succeed, you can try as hard as you like.
53. The demand for the ticket was so great that people queued night and day.
a. So great the demand for the ticket was that people queued night and day.
b. So great was that the demand for the ticket people queued night and day.
c. Such was the demand for the ticket that people queued night and day.
d. Such great was demand for the ticket that people queued night and day.
54. Don’t borrow money from friends if you don’t absolutely have to.
a. Don’t borrow money from friends even though you absolutely have to.
b. Borrow money from friends only if you absolutely have to.
c. Unless you absolutely have to, borrow money from friends.
d. Don’t borrow money from friends even if you don’t absolutely have to.
55. The little boy pretended to be sick. He wanted to stay home from school.
a. The little boy pretended to be sick although he stayed home from school.
b. The little boy pretended to be sick because he would stay home from school.
c. The little boy pretended to be sick whereas he wanted to stay home from school.
d. The little boy pretended to be sick so that he could stay home from school.
TEST 2
I. PRONUNCIATION
A. Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from
that of the others.
1. a. dune b. funny c. hummock d. shrub

2. a. shrub b. delicious c. stretch d. branch
3. a. desert b. sandy c. across d. slopes
4. a. salt b. slope c. water d. short
5. a. mystery b. river c. territory d. corridor
B. Choose the word that has the main stress placed differently from that of
the others.
6. a. desert b. hummock c. aerial d. enormous
7. a. interpreter b. aborigines c. European d. eucalyptus
8. a. Australia b. territory c. society d. petroleum
9. a. camel b. cactus c. crocodile d. banana
10. a. scientific b. expedition c. spinifex d. geographical
II. LANGUAGE FOCUS
11. They continued their journey _________the Sahara Desert.
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a. over b. along c. across d. throughout
12. Most of the Sahara consists rocky; large sand dunes form only a minor part.
a. on b. of c. on d. with
13. Dry salt lakes _________70 kilometers long and 15 kilometers wide lie
between long dunes.
a. to b. with c. of d. up to
14. Finally, the great expedition__________for the long journey to the Sahara Desert.
a. went out b. came through c. set off d. got over
15. Many people think of deserts as barren region,-tat many species of plants and animals have
_________to life there.
a. adapted b. survived c. altered d. reorganized
16. One report states that all of Africa could eventually become a _________desert.
a. extreme b. magnificent c. significant d. massive
. 17. The Sahara is____________southward at a rate of 30 miles per year.
a. expanding b. covering c. stretching d. sloping
18. The spreading of deserts is known as____________.
a. deserting b. desertation c. desertion d. desertification
19. The highest _______ in the Sahara is Emi Koussi (3415m) in the Tibesti Mountains in
northern Chad.
a. point b. peak c. edge d. slope
20. The land loses its protective cover of____________and soon turns into desert.
a. vegetables b. vegetative c. vegetation d. vegetal
21. A(n)_______is an area of flat land that is higher than the land around it.
a. dune b. slope c. oasis
d. tableland
22. After three hours of climbing, we finally reached the___________of the mountain.
a. crest b. steep c. corridor
d. foot
23. Dominant_____in the Sahara are various Berber groups including Tuareg tribes.
a. ethnic b. ethnicity c. ethnicities d. ethnically
24. As the clouds drifted away an even higher peak became_________to the climbers.
a. sighted b. visible c. obvious
d. apparent
25. The Sahara ___ the continent of Africa into North and Sub-Saharan Africa,
a. separates b. diverges c. detachs
d. divides
26. The boys prefer competitive sports and computer games, _____________the girls seem to
enjoy more cooperative activities, such as shopping with friends.
a. whereas b. because c. though
d. however
27. The building has a smoke detector________any fires can be detected immediately.
a. so that b. whereas c. but
d. in case
28. Not everyone is happy about the new timetable. There are, _________, a number of
advantages to it.
a. consequently b. but c. however
d. moreover
29. Neither Jane nor I____________to New York before.
a. was b. were c. has been
d. have been
30. We’re making a lot of progress,___________we’ve still got a long way to go.
a. so b. and c. but
d. for
31. There has been__________media coverage of the coming election that people
have got bored with it.
a. too much b. so many c. so much
d. such a
32. I'd like a job that pays more, but___________I enjoy the work I'm doing at the
moment.
a. on the one hand b. on the other hand c. addition d. as a result
33. I’ll do the washing up if my wife really wants me to_________________.
a. and I’d rather she didn’t b. so I’d rather she does
c. but I’d rather she did d. however, I’d rather she will
34. In some rural areas of this country, health care________________by only a small number of
doctors and nurses.
a. is providing b. provided c. provides d. is being provided
35. Morgan stopped working as a doctor in 1973.____________, he remained active in medical
research until his death.
a. Therefore b. Nevertheless c. Otherwise d. Consequently
36. hadn’t understood his________asked him to repeat what he’d said.
a. directions. Therefore, I b. directions, and I
c. directions because I d. directions. However, I
37. I studied English for four years in high school. _________had trouble talking
with people when I was traveling in the U.S.
a. Therefore, I b. Otherwise, I c. Although I d. However, I
38. Not only my children but also I from walking so far.
a. are tired b. am tired c. have tired d. were tired
39. My sister broke her leg in two places. ______, she had to wear a cast and use crutches for three
months.
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a. Moreover b. However c. Consequently d. For that
40. _ your timely warning, we would have been unaware of the danger.
a. Despite b. But for cu Because of d. Instead of
41. Now that I’ve learned to stay afloat. I feel better about the water, and I
A B C
still can’t swim well.
D
42. Model airplanes can be guided both by control wires or by radio transmitters.
A B C D
43. Reclaimation is the successful attempt to make deserts, marshlands or
A B
other unusable land suitable of farming or building.
C D
44. The air of the upper atmosphere is just enough dense to ignite meteor by friction.
A B C D
45. In desert areas, long periods of drought often alternate with long periods of
A B
excessive rainy and flooding.
C D
III. READING
passage.
A desert is a special (46) _________ where only certain kinds of plants and animals can
survive. All deserts have very little water. This means that only animals and plants that can (47)
_________water for long periods of time can exist in the desert.'
Plants in the deserts are particularly (48)________to the dry and hot environment. One well-
known desert plant is the cactus. (49) ________many desert plants, this plant has very tiny leaves.
As plants lose most of their water (50) _________ their leaves, the small leaves of the cactus help
to cut down water evaporation. There are some desert plants that do not have leaves at all. Some
desert plants (51) _________ by avoiding the dry season altogether. During the dry season, this
plant remains a seed and does not (52) _________ from the soil at all. When the rains come, this
seed would grow very quickly into a plant. It would (53) _________rapidly and then scatter its
seed before the dry season return.
Desert animals have also learnt to adapt well to life in this region. The camel, for example, survives
well in the desert because water can be (54) _________ in its body. Other desert animals include
rodents such as mice. These animals need very little water (55) _________friction they can get all
the water they require from their food.
46. a. section b. district c. part d. region
47. a. do without b. keep off c. stay away d. give up
48. a. grown b. absorbed c. developed d. adapted
49. a. Whereas b. Similar c. Like d. Just as
50. a. by b. through c. out of d. for
51. a. comprise b. surround c. survive d. sustain
52. a. rise b. retain c. awake d- emerge
53. a. bloom b. flow c. vary d. consume
54. a. existed b. stored c. remained d. included
55. a. when b. as c. though d. for
Most people think of deserts as dry, flat areas with little vegetation and little or no rainfall, but
this is hardly true. Many deserts have varied geographical formations ranging from soft, rolling
hills to stark, jagged cliffs, and most deserts have a permanent source of water. Although deserts do
not receive a high amount of rainfall - to be classified as a desert, and area must get less than
twenty-five centimeters of rainfall per year - there are many plants that thrive on only small
amounts of water, and deserts are often full of such plant life.
Desert plants have a variety of mechanism for obtaining the water needed for survival. Some
plants, such as cactus, are able to store large amounts of water in their leaves or stems; after a
rainfall these plants absorb a large supply of water to last until the next rainfall. Other plants, such
as the mesquite, have extraordinarily deep root systems that allow them to obtain water from far
below the desert’s arid surface.
56. What is the main topic of the passage?
a. Deserts are dry, flat areas with few plants.
b. There is little rainfall in the desert.
c. Many kinds of vegetation can survive with little water.
d. Deserts are not really flat areas with little plant life.
57. The passage implies that_______________.
a. the typical conception of a desert is incorrect
b. all deserts are dry, flat areas
c. most people are well informed about deserts
d. the lack of rainfall in deserts causes the lack of vegetation.
58. The passage describes the geography of deserts as_______________.
a. flat b. sandy c. varied d. void of vegetation
59. According to the passage, what causes an area to be classified as a desert?
a. The type of plants b. The geographical formations
c. The amount of precipitation d. The source of water
60. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage about cacti?
a. They have deep root systems.
b. They retain water from one rainfall to the next.
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c. They survive in the desert because they do not need water.
d. They get water from deep below the surface of the desert.
IV. WRITING
61 _________, she could not answer the questions.
a. Not reading the article b. Not having read the article
c. Haying not read the article d. Not read the article
62. The students liked that professor’s course_________________.
a. therefore there was a lot of homework
b. if there was more homework
c. so that there was no homework
d. because there was little or no homework
63. Thomas Eakins studied ____ when he was training to become an artist,
a. not only painting but also anatomy b. painting and anatomy as well
c. painting nor anatomy d. neither painting or anatomy
64. _________that few building were left standing in the town.
a. Such was the strength of the earthquake
b. So strong the earthquake was
c. Such the strength of the earthquake was
d. So was the strength of the earthquake
65. Skiing is a popular American sport,_________________.
a. however it is quite expensive b. despite its quite expensive
c. even though it is quite expensive d. it is quite expensive
UNIT 10: ENDANGERED SPECIES
Choose the vowel sound for each of the words below.

/ae/ /ei/ III /ai/ /ae/ /ei/ III /ai/
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1. endanger 11. span
2. extinct 12. enact
3. rhinoceros 13. panda
4. dam 14. fertile
5. classify 15. wild
6. identify 16. gorilla
7. habitat 17. diversity
8. drainage 18. urbanization
9. damage 19. crisis
10. primary 20. natural
II. Fill in each blank with one appropriate word from the box.
biodiversity vulnerable extinct habitat reserves awareness
deforestation overexploitation conservation contaminated
1. She has been interested in working with orphans and__________ children.
2. is the most important cause of freshwater turtle extinctions.
3. Many more species potentially will become___________________, without gaining
public notice.
4. is the variety of plant and animal species present in the natural environment.
5. They developed__________________programs aimed at protecting threatened
and endangered species.
6. A is the natural environment in which an organism lives.
7. A number of wildlife ________ have been established to preserve endangered species
from extinction.
8. ________is the act of cutting down or burning the trees in an area.
9. The main objective of our program is to raise _________on biodiversity
conservation to students.
10. When food becomes________, it has the potential to make you sick.
III. Complete the passage with the correct form of the words in brackets.
Over 8,300 plant species and 7,200 animal species around the globe are threatened with
(1) __________ (extinct), and many thousands more become extinct each year before
(2)__________ (biology) can identify them. The primary causes of species extinction or (3)
__________(endanger) are habitat (4) __________ (destroy), commercial (5) __________(exploit)
(such as plant collecting, hunting, and trade in animal parts), damage caused by nonnative
plants and animals introduced into an area, and (6) __________(pollute). Of these causes,
direct habitat destruction threatens the greatest number of species. Since the 1600s, the rate of
extinction has accelerated (7) __________(rapid) because of human population (8) __________
(grow) and human resource (9) _________(consume). Many biologists believe that we are in
the middle of the greatest mass extinction episode since the (10) __________(appear) of the
dinosaurs 65 million years ago.
IV. Complete the sentences with may or might followed by the correct forms of the verb
in brackets. If both /wand might are possible, indicate this.
1. ‘Where’s Emma?’ ~ I don’t know. She____________(be) out shopping, I suppose.
2. If you went to bed for an hour, you____________ (feel) better.
3. The painting_____________________(not be) a masterpiece, but you’ve got to admit
that the colours are striking.
4. Do you think Jean_________________ (complete) the report by now?
5. The planet Venus ________ (see) clearly in the night sky during this month.
6. My tweed jacket isn’t in my closet. I think my roommate__________ (borrow) it. He often
borrows my clothes without asking me.
7. Is that John’s car-that just stopped? He_________________________(wait) for us.
8. She(not/ dance) very gracefully, but she had a lot of energy and enthusiasm.
9. Jane said that she____________(go) and stay with her mother.
10. I’ve heard that the newsagents is losing a lot of money and it__________(close) down.
11. His maths ______________ (improve) by the time the exam comes round.
12. Students_______________(not use) the staff car park.
13. Where’s Jane? I haven’t seen her for weeks. ~ I’m not sure. She__________ (travel) in
Europe.
14. Don’t let the children play in this room. They_______________(break) something.
15. If I were in Tom’s position, I___________(look) for another job.
V. Underline the best answer from each group in italics.
1. Bookings need/ must be made at least seven days before departure.
2. In most developed countries, people mustn’t / don’t need to boil water before they drink
it.
3. You needn’t/ mustn’t go on the beach when the tide’s coming in. It’s very dangerous.
4. I often have to/ must work at the weekend to get everything done.
5. There’s plenty of time for you to make up your mind. You mustn’t/ needn’t decide now.
6. We’ve been told that we don’t have to/ mustn’t be at work until 10.00 tomorrow.
7. When you have time, we must/ have to get together for a weekend.
8. You mustn’t/ don’t have to look in the closet. Your birthday present is hidden there.
9. As you worked late yesterday you needn’t/ mustn’t come until 10.00 tomorrow morning.
10. Employees will have to/ must accept the new conditions or be dismissed.
11. Of course the first thing I did was to call the police and I mustn’t / didn’t have to wait
very long for them to get there.
12. You mustn’t / needn’t use the office phone for private calls.
13. You needn’t / mustn’t have woken me up. I don’t have to I mustn’t go to work today.
14. Nowadays it needn’t/ mustn’t cost a fortune to own a powerful computer.
15. I’ve got bad toothache. I must/ have to make an appointment with the dentist.
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VI. Complete the following sentences with can, could, be able to, may, might, must, need,
have to. Add not if necessary for a sentence to make sense.
1. I feel absolutely awful. I think I_________________have flu.
2. I used to_______________run for miles. Now I_________________even run round the
block!
3. Let’s be quiet when we go into the baby’s room. The baby_be __________sleeping, and we
don’t want to wake her up.
4. I swim really well when I was six years old.
5. Although she had a broken leg, she_____________________swim to the shore.
6. She __________reserve the seat - there’ll be plenty of room.
7. You __________have a special licence to drive lorries weighing over two tons.
8. Billy, come away from that dog. It_______________bite you.
9. In the United States, elementary education is compulsory. All children__________, attend
six years of elementary school.
10. At my last job, we __________make any personal phone calls from the office. We
__________use the public call box in the street!
11. Smoking __________cause all sorts of physical problems.
12. I __________phone Steve when I get home. I said I’d call him last night, but I forgot.
13. Johnny! You ________________play with sharp knives. Put that knife down
immediately!
14. Guests __________leave their valuables in the hotel safe if they wish.
15. My father gave me a letter to post. I______________remember to post it.
VII. All these sentences have a mistake. Correct them.
1. You needn’t to worry about losing your jobs.
2. I think I saw her go out, so she might be at home.
3. We needn’t allow our competitors to gain an advantage over us.
4. When the students have question, they must to raise their hand.
5. We have enough food at home, so we mustn’t go shopping today.
6. It mightn’t be true. There must be some mistake.
7. You mustn’t work at weekends for the moment
8. Many students would rather to study on their own than go to class.
9. If we don’t get to the market soon they can’t have any flowers left. They will all have
been sold.
10. We needn’t forget to buy some vegetables when going home this evening.
VIII. Write new sentences with a similar meaning.
1. It is necessary to do all of this photocopying before lunchtime.
All of this photocopying has_____________________________________________
2. It’s possible Louise is waiting for us at the airport.
Louise may__________________________________________________________
3. Maybe Mathew forgot all about it.
Mathew might________________________________________________________
4. I had the chance to do a parachute jump, but I was too scared.
I could _____________________________________________________________
5. It is not necessary for anyone to know who paid the ransom to the kidnappers.
No one needs _______________________________________________________
6. It may be necessary for us to cancel our holiday because my mother is ill.
We may____________________________________________________________
7. It is necessary to extend the college to accommodate the growing number of students.
The college has_______________________________________________________
8. I’m absolutely sure that they weren’t playing in this weather.
They can’t__________________________________________________________
9. It wasn’t necessary for you to go to so much trouble on my behalf.
You needn’t_________________________________________________________
10. A heavy shower prevented them from finishing their game of tennis.
They were __________________________________________________________
TEST 1
I. PRONUNCIATION
Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from that of the
others.
1. a. species b. benefit c. essential d. generation
2. a. rhinoceros b. diversity c. identify d. extinction
3. a. vulnerable b. industry c. result d. current
4. a. extinction b. extension c. exploitation d. expression
5. a. verge b. urban c. world d. survive
II. LANGUAGE FOCUS
explains the underlined part.
6. Many plant and animal species around-the globe are now threatened___________
extinction.
a. in b. of c. for d. with
7. The Red List has been introduced to raise people’s awareness___________ conservation
needs.
a. on b. of c. at d. for
8. Plants and animals are responsible____________a variety of useful medications.
a. for b. to c. at d. on
9. Many species are threatened in the wild due to habitat_______________by man.
a. construction b. conservation c. destruction d. preservation
10. Many plant and animal species are now on the ._____________of extinction.
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a. danger b. border c. margin d. verge
11. Governments have__________laws to protect wildlife from overhunting.
a. enforced b. enacted c. observed d. required
12. A is someone who illegally catches or kills animals, birds, or fish
on someone else’s property.
a. poacher b. hunter c. catcher d. killer
13. When a species is no longer found on earth it is said to be__________________.
a. threatened b. endangered c. extinct d. at risk
14. A place where a species lives and reproduces is its_____________.
a. ecosystem b. conservation c. environment d. habitat
15. Some wild animals are ___________in danger in this region.
a. dangerous b. likely to cause harm
c. likely to be extinct d. rare
16. I can’t find my purse anywhere; I_____________it at the office.
a. must leave b. must have left
c. must be leaving d. must have been leaving
17. As I won’t be at home tonight, I__________my homework during my lunch break.
a. have to do b. might do c. can do
d. would do
18. We ________finish the football match before it started snowing too heavily.
a. could b. were able to c. might d. would
19. The air in the country is not as pure as it______________.
a. might be b. used to be c. would be d. must be
20. The first question must ___________before you attempt the others.
a. answer b. to answer c. be answered d. have answered.
21. I couldn’t wait for you any longer. I___________, and so I went.
a. could go b. must have gone c. had to go d. should go
22. He had to pay a fine,___________?
a. hadn’t he b. doesn’t he c. didn’t he d. mustn’t he
23. Passengers________smoke until the signs have been switched off.
a. mustn’t b. can’t c. needn’t d. mightn’t
24. There are a lot of tickets left, so you___________pay for the tickets in advance.
a. mustn’t b. won’t c. shouldn’t d. needn’t
25. He ________ get there in time, but I can’t be sure.
a. might b. can c. must d. need
26. We forget our passport when we travel abroad.
a. couldn’t b. mustn’t c. don’t have to d. needn’t
27. I know what you mean, so you___________explain further.
a. won’t b. mightn’t c. needn’t d. mustn’t
28. Malcolm isn’t in his office. He ________at home today.
a. may works b. may have worked
c. may be worked d. may be working
29. You ________take care of that cut on your hand soon, or it will get infected,
a. can b. might c. should d. ought
30. This film seems familiar. -It seems familiar to me too. We______________it before.
a. might see b. might be seeing c. might be /seen d. might have seen
C. Identify the one underlined word or phrase - A, B, C or D - that must be changed
for the sentence to be correct.
31. There are many reasons why a particular species may become endanger.
A B C D
32. Zoos provide an opportunity to study a wide range of animals, often in
A B C
their nature habitats.
D
33. Ari endangered species is a population of an organism which is at risk
A B C
of becoming extinction.
D
34. Because much species of plants and animals in Hawaii are threatened with
A B C
extinction within a short period of time, scientists are trying desperately to rescue them.
D
35. Many nations have laws offered protection to these species: for example,
A
forbidding hunting, restricting land development or creating preserves.
B C D
III. READING
endangered habitat left global cause risk estimates extinct
Endangered species are those considered to be at (36)______________of extinction,
meaning that there are so few (37) ___________ of their kind that they could disappear from
the planet altogether. Endangered species are threatened by factors such as (38)_________
loss, hunting, disease and climate change, and usually, endangered species, have a declining
population or a very limited range.
The current rate of extinction is thought to be far greater than the expected natural rate,
with many species going (39) ___________ before they have even been discovered.
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Shockingly, current (40) ___________suggest that a third of the world’s amphibians, a
quarter of all mammals and one in eight birds are (41)_________________.
The alarming rate at which species are disappearing is something which should be
a (42) ___________for concern for us all. Not only do they add beauty and wonder to the
natural world, they are also of great (43) ___________economic importance.
B. Read the passage carefully, decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F),
and then answer the questions.
Everybody loves the giant panda. That was clear from the enthusiastic welcome New
Yorkers gave to Ling Ling and Yong Yong when they arrive at the Bronx Zoo in May. The
cuddy black-and white pair were on loan for six months from China’s Beijing Zoo, and it was
estimated that more than 1 million people visited them in New York before they left for a zoo
in Tampa, Florida in early November.
The giant panda, unfortunately, is an endangered species. Only about 700 are left in the
wild, most of them living on reserves in China’s Sichuan Province. Despite conservation
efforts on the part of the Chinese government and scientists worldwide, the population
continues to decline as human beings cut down bamboo, the panda’s primary food.
Can the panda be saved? Of course. All it needs is bamboo and peace. Every panda
population should have at least two bamboo species available to lessen the impact of a die-
off. Bamboo at low elevations must be preserved or replanted. Existing reserves need to be
expanded and new reserves created. Poaching must be controlled. Zoos must improve
captive breeding to provide more pandas for their original home.
China’s Ministry of Forestry and the World Wildlife Fund are continuing their
collaborative effort on the panda’s behalf, guided by the spirit of their joint agreement that
reads: “The giant panda is not only the precious property of the Chinese people, but also a
precious natural heritage of concern to people all over the world. ”
True or false?
44. China’s Beijing Zoo borrowed two pandas from Bronx Zoo.
45. Pandas are in danger because of food shortage.
46. The Chinese government is to blame for the extinction of pandas.
47. Zoos are useful in breeding more pandas to send back to the wild.
48. The panda is a natural heritage of China and the whole world.
49. Why was the panda placed on an endangered species list?
50. What should we do to help save pandas?
IV. WRITING
Choose the sentence - a, b, c or d - which is built from the words given,
51. plant/ animal/ species/ foundation/ healthy ecosystems//
a. Plant and animal species are the foundation of healthy ecosystems.
b. Plants and animals species is a foundation of healthy ecosystems.
c. Plant and animal species have the foundation of healthy ecosystems.
d. Plants and animals species lay the foundation for healthy ecosystems.
52. pollution/ coast of Florida/ kill/ coral reefs/ serve/ habitat/ hundreds of species of fish//
a. Pollution off the coast of Florida' has killed the coral reefs served as
habitat for hundreds of species of fish. '^
b. Pollution off the coast of Florida has killed the coral reefs serving as habitat for
hundreds of species of fish.
c. Pollution off the coast of Florida is killing the coral reefs, which serve as habitat for
hundreds of species of fish.
d. Pollution off the coast of Florida killed the coral reefs serves as habitat for hundreds
of species of fish.
53. trade/ animal parts/ many species/ continue/ suffer/ high rate of exploitation//
a. In spite of the trade in animal parts, 'many species continue suffering high rates’ of
exploitation.
b. Due to the trade in animal parts, many species continue to suffer high rates of
exploitation.
c. Because of the trade for animal parts, many species continue suffering high rates of
exploitation.
d. But for the trade in animal parts, many species continue to suffer high rates of
exploitation.
54. endangered species/ protect and save/ future generations/ experience/ their
presence and value//
a. Endangered species should be protected and saved; therefore, future generations can
experience their presence and value.
b. Endangered species could be protected and saved; as a result, future generations can
c. Endangered species have to be protected and saved since future generations can
d. Endangered species must be protected and saved so that future generations can
55. our quality/ life/ future generation/ depend/ preserve/ plant and animal species//
a. Our quality of life and future generations depends in preserving of plant and animal
species.
b. Our quality of life and that of future generations depends on our preservation of plant
and animal species.
c. Our quality of life and that of future generations depends to our preservation of plant
and animal species.
d. Our quality of life and future generations depends upon our preservation pf plant and
animal species.
TEST 2
I. PRONUNCIATION
A. Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from that of
the others.
1. a. awareness b. Africa c. animal d. action
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2. a. suitable b. Europe c. valuable d. vulnerable
3. a. habitats b. species c. humans d. wetlands
4. a. protect b. global c. introduce d. conserve
5. a. generation b. endanger c. organization d. agencies
6. a. mosquito b. gorilla c. rhinoceros d. leopard
7. a. vulnerable. b. extinction c. endangerment d. commercial
8. a. deforestation b. exploitation c. biodiversity d. urbanization
9. a. habitat b. sociable c. priority d. wildlife
10. a. reserve b. derive c. conserve d. fertile
II. LANGUAGE FOCUS
11. Only a few of the many species _________risk of extinction actually make it to
the lists and obtain legal protection.
a. in b. on c. at d. with
12. Even today, there are demands___________ items such as rhino horns and tiger
bones in several areas of Asia.
a. for b. in c. of d. to
13. If we do not take steps to protect the world’s wild life, many species of birds
and animals are likely to die________________completely,
a. away b. down c. out d. from
14. Changes in global climate brought ______________ by the release of greenhouse
gases are all results of human activity.
a. into b. about c. around d. over
15. It may take centuries to_____________a forest that was cut down by humans or
destroyed by fire.
a. rewind b. regrow c. recover d. reapply
16. Toxic chemicals in the air, land and water have also________________many species to
the verge of extinction.
a. taken b. guided c. driven d. developed
17. Overharvesting brought North American alligators to_____________in their natural
habitats.
a. nearly extinct b. near extinction c. extinct near d. extinction nearly
18. A______species is a species which is likely to become endangered.
a. protected b. endangered c; extinct d. vulnerable
19. In some Countries there have been widespread demands for the _________of
seal hunting.
a. extinction b. exploitation c. construction d. abolition
20. A species that faces_________may become severely endangered or even extinct.
a. overpopulation b. overgrowth c. overbalance d. overexploitation
21. A ________is an area of land where wild animals or plants are officially protected.
a. habitat b. nature c. reserve d. globe.
22. _________is the variety of different types of plant and animal life in a particular region.
a. environment b. conservation c. biodiversity d. ecology
23. A scientist who studies the life and structure of plants and animals is a_________.
a. biologist b. conservationist c. botanist d. environmentalist
24. Reforestation in an area where a threatened species lives is an example of_________.
a. habitat destruction b. natural selection
c. balanced environment d. conservation effort
25. Disease, pollution, and limited distribution are more factors that _________ various plant
and animal species.
a. threaten b. reserve c. save d. reassure
B. Choose the word or phrase - a, bf c or d - that best completes the sentences.
26. Do you mind if we schedule the meeting for 11 o’clock? ~Well, actually, I_________
prefer it to be earlier.
a. should b. could c. will d. would
27. Humans________stop poaching gazelles for their horns, meat, and skin.
a. can b. might c. must d. had better
28. By the end of this year I___________enough money to buy a car.
a. might save b. might be saved
c. might have saved d. might have been saving
29. You’d better_______those glasses carefully if you want them to arrive intact.
a. pack b. to pack c. packing d. have packed
30. Where’s Emma? ~ I don’t know. She___________be out shopping, I suppose.
a. must b. can c. might d. should
31. When I was a child, I__________watch TV whenever I wanted to.
a. would b. could c. should' d. was able to
32 _________ .we discuss this any further? I’m sure we’ve all got a good idea of the
problem now.
a. Must b. Should c. Could d. Need
33. Our new flat is on a very busy street. I expect we’ll____________the noise, but at the
moment it’s very disturbing.
a. use to b. get used to c. be used to d. used to
34. On Sundays when I was a child we____________all get up early and go fishing.
a. should b. would c. could d. might
35. Secondary school students nowadays___________wear a uniform.
a. have to b. must c. should d. could
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36. ________three miles to school when I was a child.
a. must cycle b. would cycle c. had to cycle d. must have cycled
37. I my_best suit - everyone else was very casually dressed.
a. needn’t wear b. mustn’t wear
c. needn’t have worn d. mustn’t have worn
38. I recommended that she_________ reduce her expenditure.
a. would b. should c. must d. need
39. I’ve bought the tent, so we_________ go camping next weekend if we want to.
a. must b. should c. are able to d. can
40. You ’ tell the news to Margaret - I don’t want her to know,
a. mustn’t b. needn’t c. mightn’t d. wouldn’t
41. Nearly every region of the earth have been affected by human activity,
A B C
particularly during this past century.
D
42. Many more species become extinct, and potentially will become extinct.
A B C
without gaining public notice.
D
43. The current rate of extinction is thought to be more greater than the
A B C
expected natural rate.
D
44. Various wild species are commercially raised, directly contributing on
A B C
local and regional economies.
D
45. Endangered species, such as the California condor, are at immediate risk of
A B
extinction and probably cannot be survived without direct human intervention.
C D
III. READING
A. Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that best fits the blank space in the
following passage.
Nowadays people are more aware that wildlife all over the world is in (46) _________.
Many species of animals are threatened, and could easily become extinct (47) _________we
do not make an effort to protect them. There are many reasons for this. In some cases,
animals are (48) _________ for their fur or for other valuable parts of their bodies. Some
birds, such as parrots, are caught (49) _________and are sold as pets. For many animals and
birds, the problem is that their (50) _________ the place where they live – is disappearing.
More (51) _________is used for farms, for houses or industry, and there are (52) _________
open spaces than there once were. Farmers use powerful chemicals to help them grow better
(53) _________, but these chemicals pollute the environment and (54) _________wildlife.
The most successful animals on earth - human beings - will soon be the only ones (55)
_________, unless we can solve this problem.
46. a. danger b. limit c. threat d. control
47. a. when b. if c. unless d. while
48. a. grown b. saved c. raised d. hunted.
49. a. live b. lively c. living d. alive
50. a. wild b. habitat c. condition d. nature
51. a. soil b. ground c. earth d. land
52. a. fewer b. less c. little d. few
53. a. plants b. paddies c. crops d. fields
54. a. preserve b. harm c. disturb d. benefit
55. a. leave. b. to leave c. leaving d. left
B. Leaving Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct answer.
In today’s world, thousands of plants and animals are in danger of extinction, and the
number of species at risk increases every year. Not all plants or animals existing in small
numbers are endangered as their population may not be decreasing or threatened. An
endangered species is one which is expected to die out within twenty years unless special
measures are taken to protect it. Endangered animals include blue whales, giant pandas,
orang-outans, rhinoceroses, snow leopards, tigers, and some species of crocodile. Endangered
plants include some species of cactus.
Why are the above species of animal endangered? There are now legal limits on hunting,
but not all species protected are by law. Even when animals are legally protected, illegal
hunting for fur, tusks and horn continues. Those animals that are not killed are captured and
sent to zoos or sold as pets. For example, the little blue macaw, a parrot native to Brazil, has
been captured in such numbers for private bird collectors that it is almost extinct in the wild.
In addition to this, many species’ habitats are eliminated when people clear land in order to
build on it, or when they introduce domestic and non-native animals which overgraze the
vegetation and even prey on birds and mammals which are already at risk of extinction.
Why is it important to save endangered species? Firstly, nature is delicately balanced,
and the extinction of one species may have a serious effect on others. Secondly, it is the fault
of mankind that so many species are endangered, so it is our responsibility to protect those
species while we still can. We must stop the hunting of wild animals and the destruction of
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the forests before it is too late. It is worth making an effort - by saving endangered species we
could be saving ourselves.
56. According to the passage,______________.
a. more and more species become endangered each year
b. all plants and animals are expected to die out in 20 years
c. blue whales have become extinct
d. only animal species are seriously threatened with extinction
57. According to the author, all the species mentioned are in danger because ______
a. they are not protected by laws
b. they are not kept in wildlife reserves
c. illegal hunting has been eliminated
d. laws on hunting and wildlife conservation are not strictly obeyed
58. The author uses the blue macaw as an example of _________.
a. a species that has completely died out ,
b. a species of birds killed by hunters
c. birds captured for the pet trade
d. birds captured for zoos
59. According to the author introducing domestic, non-native animals________ .
a. is not associated with endangered species
b. may threaten the habitats of some species
c. is only dangerous in tropical forests
d. is the only reason why some species habitats are destroyed.
60. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that endangered species_________.
a. will definitely die out soon
b. cannot be saved because we need to save ourselves
c. play an important part in the natural world
d. have a bad effect on other species
IV. WRITING
61. “You should have finished the report by now,” the boss said to his secretary.
a. The boss reminded his secretary of finishing the report on time.
b. The boss advised his secretary to finish the report on time.
c. The boss scolded his secretary for not finishing the report on time.
d. The boss suggested his secretary should have finished the report.
62. Perhaps the others are looking for us now.
a. The others must be looking for us now.
b. The others might be looking for us now.
c. The others should be looking for us now.
d. The others have to be looking for us now.
63. The best decision would have been for you to accept the offer.
a. You ought to have accepted the offer.
b. You must have accepted the offer.
c. You need have accepted the offer.
d. You could have accepted the offer.
64. It is rarely necessary to ask Suzanne to tidy her room.
a. Suzanne dislikes to be asked to tidy her room.
b. There is no need for Suzanne to tidy her room.
c. Suzanne mustn’t be asked to tidy her room.
d. Suzanne rarely has to be asked to tidy her room.
65. It’s obvious that the child has run away.
a. The child must have run away. b. The child might have run away,
c. The child need have run away. d. The child could have run away.
UNIT 11: BOOKS

I. Circle the word with a different consonant sound.
1. subject digest giant guess journey
2. chew check character which cheap
3. words books bits dips taste
4. action picture potential information fiction
5. pleasure television preserve usual decision
6. Shakespeare surely short sugar silence
7. brochure achieve chamber purchase teacher
8. enough photo fiction through rough
9. what whose which why when
10. author without together though this
II. Complete these sentences, using the word from the box.
thriller romance novel science fiction craft comic
biography autobiography dictionary atlas
1. A book listing words, their etymology, meanings, etc. is called a(n)________.
2. A book which is a collection of maps is a(n). ________
3. A________book is a book in which the story is told with pictures.
4. A book that someone writes about their own life is called a(n) _________.
5. A book that someone writes about someone else’s life is a(n) ________.
6. A book that tell an exciting story, especially one about crime or spying is called a(n)
________.
7. A(n) ________is a long written story in which the characters and events are usually
imaginary.
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8. A book about a love affair is called a(n) ________.
9. A book about imaginary future events and characters, often dealing with
space travel and life on the other planets, is called a(n)__________book.
9. A book teaching traditional skills of making things by hand is a(n) ________ book.
1. Firstborns often have _________friends, as do very bright kids, (imagine)
2. In her new book, Gulp, she tackles the human _________system, from the mouth on
down, (digest)
3. He said it is _________to solve the problem and I agree with him: I can’t find a solution,
(possible)
4. One problem is the _________sometimes focus too tightly on minor points where they
disagree with the writer, (review)
5. A gang of three had stolen a JCB from a building site and had driven it to
the shop_________. (notice)
6. The year studying in the US gives students personal_________ of American culture,
(know)
7. She was no longer able to_________ between the imagination and reality, (distinct)
8. I found the whole story bizarre, not to say_________. (believe)
9. Young people have an entirely different form of dress to express their_________ .
(person)
10. As the trapeze artist performed one daring act after another, the audience
watched in_________.(amaze)
IV. Put the following into the passive voice. Do not mention the agent unless it seems
necessary.
1. You can’t wash this dress; you must dry-clean it.
___________________________________________________________________________
2. You should open the wine about three hours before you use it.
___________________________________________________________________________
3. Members may keep books for three weeks. After that they must return them.
___________________________________________________________________________
4. Men with slide rules used to do these calculations; now a computer does it.
___________________________________________________________________________
5. Passengers shouldn’t throw away their tickets as inspectors may check these during the
journey.
___________________________________________________________________________
6. We shall have to tow the car to the garage.
___________________________________________________________________________
7. Visitors must leave umbrellas and sticks in the cloakroom.
___________________________________________________________________________
8. You should have taken those books back to the library.
___________________________________________________________________________
9. We cannot exchange articles which customers have bought during the sale.
___________________________________________________________________________
10. You mustn’t move this man; he is too ill. You’ll have to leave him here.
___________________________________________________________________________
11. When they have widened this street the roar of the traffic will keep residents awake all
night.
___________________________________________________________________________
12. You will have to pull down this skyscraper as you have not complied with the town
planning regulations.
___________________________________________________________________________
13. They ought to have reported the accident to the police.
___________________________________________________________________________
14. He recommends fitting new tyres.
___________________________________________________________________________
15. He suggested allowing council tenants to buy their houses.
___________________________________________________________________________
V. Complete the sentence with the appropriate forms of the verbs in the list. Use each
verb only once. Some of the sentences are active and some are passive.
pollute sign distinguish participate tell discover wear
establish wrap replace read scrub forget repeat trade
1. Jack has a right to know. He ought to _________the news immediately.
If you don’t do it, I will.
2. I have no patience with gossips. What I told Bill was a secret. He shouldn’t
Have _________it to you.
3. Use this brown paper and tape. A package has to_________ carefully before it is mailed.
Otherwise, the post office won’t send it.
4. I don’t know why Jessica wasn’t at the meeting. She must have _________about it.
5. The ancient ruin may have_________ as early as 1792. The historical record is difficult
to interpret.
6. The games are open to anyone who wants to join in. Everyone can_________ in them.
7. This burnt out light bulb should have _________days ago. Could you do it for me?
8. You’d better not drink that river water. It could_________.
9. I think everyone should_________ , this paperback on the economic crisis. It contains
information that everyone should have.
10. Surgeon must _________their hands thoroughly with disinfectant soap and hot water
before they enter the operating room.
11. Your passport is supposed to_________. It is invalid without your signature.
12. A bald eagle can _________from the other large birds by its white head and white tail.
13. If you don’t want to work tonight, you ought to_________ work shifts with Emily.
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14. When you are on duty, your uniform must_________ at all times.
15. A university may_________ in outer space before long.
VI. Complete these sentences with appropriate passive or active forms of the verbs.
1. Since the beginning of the modern industrial age, many of the natural habitats_________
(destroy) by industrial development and pollution.
2. The story of Father Christmas_________ (tell) to young children to explain the presents
they receive.
3. A new drug_________ (develop) to combat asthma in small children at the moment.
4. A special messenger_________ (deliver) the package before I got to the office.
5. A number of political prisoners_________ (release) within the next few days.
6. The impact of the earthquake yesterday_________ (feel) by people who lived hundreds
of kilometers from the epicenter.
7. _________you already , _________ (accept) by this university when you heard about
the other scholarship?
8. I got into a taxi quickly because I _________ (follow) by two strange men. As soon as I
got into the taxi, I_________ (feel) a little safer.
9. Mark is a genius. By the time he graduated, he _________ (offer) jobs by a dozen
computer companies.
10. Only coffee and dessert _________ (serve) at the reception yesterday.
VII. Turn the following into passive if the result is acceptable English. If passive is
unacceptable, write ‘no passive’.
1. Has anyone cost these repairs in advanced?
2. Modern art frequently resembles children’s art.
3. Somebody really ought to look into this problem further.
4. When my brother’s tailor measured him for a new suit, he told him that he’d put on a lot
of weight.
5. Why are people always laughing at me?
6. No one is ever going to account for that missing money.
7. My new car holds three people comfortably in the back.
8. Nobody is to interfere with these boxes.
9. You need to fit a new washer to that tap.
10. They seem to have looked after the house quite well.
VIII. Write the passage, using the cues given.
Agatha Miller/ bear/ 15 September 1890/ Torquay/ southwest England. Better known/
Mrs. Agatha Christie/ she/ write/ altogether 78 mystery novels and 19 plays.
Very few other crime writers/ write/ more books/ this, and few/ become/ so immensely
popular.
Ever since/ she/ publish/ first novel, the Mysterious Affair at Styles/ 1920/ her books/
never be/ out of print. They/ translate/ all over the world, and perhaps surprising/ her sales/
actually increase/ since/ she/ die/ 1976. For a short time after her death/ they/ fall/ so it/ be
perhaps/ screen/ revive/ her popularity.
People/ enjoy/ Agatha Chrities’s story-telling/ years, and her popularity/ currently/ seem/
higher/ it/ ever be. It/ not be/ of course/ first time/ author/ become/ more popular/ death/ life.
TEST 1
I. PRONUNCIATION
Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from that of
the others.
1. a. book b. good c. wood d. school
2. a. digest b. wilderness c. reunite d. describe
3. a. chew b. few c. nephew d. continue
4. a. swallow b. sweater c. sword d. switch
5. a. incredible b. fascinating c. difficult d. carefully
II. LANGUAGE FOCUS
6. She’s busy writing a book _________astrology.
a. in b. of c. for d. on
7. Is it a book _______a subject that you are interested_______?
a. in - to b. about - on c. on - in d. of - in
8. It was such a great book that I couldn’t_______.
a. put it down b. pick it up c. dip into it d. get through it
9. Books that give fact about real events, things, or people are called
________
a. novel b. biography c. romance d. non-fiction
10. Fiction is a type of literature that descibes _________people and events.
a. imaginary b. real c. historic d. important
11. She has constructed a complicated_________, with a large cast of characters.
a. source b. subject c. plot d. personality
12 _________knowledge can be acquired from books, skills must be learned through
practice.
a. Whereas b. Despite c. Because d. When
13. I have only had time to _________the report before going to the meeting.
a. taste b. dip into c. chew d. swallow
14. Have you read the book by Nelson Mandela, _________Long Way to Freedom?
a. reviewed b. revised c. illustrated d. entitled
15. If you want to learn how to operate a computer, you should read its_________.
a. reference book b. guidebook c. instruction manual d. craft book
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16. Nellie Ross of Wyoming was the first woman _________governor in the United States.
a. was elected b. who elected c. to be elected d. to elect as
17. A driver’s license can _________from the Licensing Bureau at the corner of Pine Street
and 5th Avenue.
a. obtain b. be obtaining c. have obtained d. be obtained
18. Since the 1930’s chemical insecticides such as D. D. T_________ very effective in
destroying disease-carrying insects.
a. proved b. was proved c. has proved d. have proved
19. I shouldn’t _________so much coffee last night. I was wide awake till four in the
morning.
a. drink b. drank c. be drunk d. have drunk
20. I didn’t see anyone but I felt as though I_________.
a. have been watched b. was being watched c. be watched d. am watched
21. The profits are supposed _________among the shareholders.
a. to divide. b. to be divided c. dividing d. being divided
22. This popular TV game show _________by about 10 million people every Saturday
evening.
a. has been watching b. is watching c. watches d. is watched
23. When you are on duty, your uniform must _________at all times.
a. wear b. be wear c. be worn d. be wearing
24. The crew of the tanker were fortunate _________just minute before it sank in heavy
seas.
a. rescuing b. to rescue c. to have rescue d. to have been rescued
25. While the builders _________the roof they _________the bathroom window.
a. are repairing – break b. were repairing - broke
c. repaired - have broken d. were repairing - was broken
26. You promised her a letter; you ought to _________days ago.
a. write b. be writing c. have written d. be written
27. My computer is broken. ~Really? Why don’t you have it________?
a. repair b. repairing c. repaired d. be repaired
28. _________ The professor has not written a book to the masses to generate interest from
a publisher.
a. enough appealing b. appealing enough c. appeal enough d. enough appeal
29. Oh! Look at that beautiful vase on the floor. How did it_________?
a. get broken b. break c. broken d. is broken
30. After the test papers _________to the students in class tomorrow, the students their next
assignment
a. will return - will be given b. will be returned — are given
c. are returning - are giving d. are returned - will be given
31. Fannie Farmer, an educator and cooking expert, she wrote the first
A B C
distinctively American cookbook.
D
32. According to many critics. Mark Twain’s novel Huckleberry Finn is his
A B
greatest work and is one of the greatest American novel ever written.
C D
33. Zoonoses are diseases that can transmit to human beings by animals.
A B C D
34. Raymond Chandler’s detectives stories are admired both by critics and
A B C
general readers.
D
35. The naturalist Edwin Teal illustration his books with photographs he
A B
had taken himself.
C D
conquer release record-breaking fantasy popularity wizard series against
Harry Potter is a heptalogy of (36) _________novels written by British author J. K.
Rowling. The books chronicle the adventures of the eponymous adolescent (37)
_________Harry Potter, together with Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger, his best friends.
The central story arc concerns Harry’s struggle (38) _________the evil wizard Lord
Voldemort, who killed Harry’s parents in his quest to (39) _________the wizarding world,
after which he seeks to subjugate the Muggle (non-magical) world to his rule.
Since the (40) _________of the first novel Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone in
1997, which was retitled Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone in the United States, the
books have gained immense (41)_________., critical acclaim and commercial success
worldwide. As of April 2008, the seven book (42) _________has sold more than 375 million
copies and has been translated into more than 64 languages. The seventh and last book in
the series, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, was released on 21 July 2007. Publishers
announced a (43) _________12 million copies for the first print run in the U.S. alone.
Books which give instructions on how to do things are very popular in the United States
today. Thousands of these How-to books are useful: in fact, there are about four thousand
books with titles that begin with words “How-to”. One book may tell you how to earn more
money, another may tell you how to save or spend it, and another may explain how to give
your money away.
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Many How-to books give advice on careers. They tell you how to choose a career and
how to succeed in it. If you fail, however, you can buy the book How to Turn Failure into
Success. If you would like to become very rich, you can buy the book How to Make a
Millionaire. If you never make any money at all, you may need a book called How to Live on
Nothing.
One of the most popular types of books is one that helps you with personal problems. If
you want to have a better love of life, you can read How to Succeed in Love Every Minute of
Your Life. If you are tired of books on happiness, you may prefer books which give step-by-
step instructions on how to redecorate or enlarge a house.
Why have How-to books become so popular? Probably because life has become so
complex. Today people have far more free time to use, more choices to make, and more
problems to solve. How-to books help people deal with modern life.
44. From the first passage, we know How-to books are_________.
a. only about four thousand copies b. mainly on money
c. are very helpful in life d. needed a lot
45. The passage tells us that How-to books sell well on how_________.
a. to succeed in career b. to solve personal problems
c. to deal with business d. to make money
46. If you often read How-to books, you_________.
a. will be sure to get something you need
b. will not know how to help yourself in life’
c. will become a man in life
d. needn’t think any more in the world
47. How-to books appear only because_________.
a. people have more free time to spend than before
b. people meet more problems than their parents
c. people may have more choices from How-to books than any other books
d. modern life is more difficult to deal with
48. Which of the followings is NOT true about How-to books?
a. How-to books cost a lot of money.
b. There is a wide range of How-to books.
c. How-to books help people achieve success in life.
d. More and more people enjoy reading How-to books nowadays.
IV. SPEAKING
49.
“We can give you a lift.” _________ ”
a. Oh, thank you. b. Never mind. c. Yes, why not?` d. I’d love to.
50. “Will you have more orange juice?” “__________. I’m thirsty.”
a. Yes, OK b. Yes, please c. No, thanks d. Good idea
51. “Jane has broken her leg. She is in hospital now.” “.”
a. I don’t expect so b. That’s nothing
c. Oh, what a surprise! d. I’m sorry to hear that
52. “Could you lay the table .for me?” “_________. I’m studying.”
a. Never mind b. Yes, of course c. Sorry, I can’t d. No, not me
53. “Thanks for lending me your car.” “_________.”
a. It’s my pleasure b. That’s very kind of you
c. That’s right d. Don’t bother
V. WRITING
sentences.
54. Unlike most modernist poets based on ordinary speech.
a. Robert Frost’s poems were b. the works of Robert Frost were
c. Robert Frost wrote poems that were d. The poetry written by Robert Frost was
55 _________ .book Jubilee, which was based on the life of their great-grandmother,
Margaret Walker was awarded the Pulitzer Prize.
a. For her b. Her c. It was her d. That her
56. Astronomers rely on measurements of mass and brightness to determine_________.
a. how old is a star b. is a star how old c. how old a star is d. a star is how old
57 .sat down when he was sent for again.
a. No sooner had he b. Hardly had he
c. As soon as he had d. Scarcely he had
58. A fax is a machine by which _________over the telephone line.
a. written messages can send them b. can send written messages
c. can be sent written messages d. written messages can be sent
59 .________by word of mouth, much Native American literature is oral.
a. It is transmitted b. Transmitting it c. Transmitted it d. Transmitted
60. Loudly applauding the speech, _________quickly left the stage.
a. the speaker waved to the audience and b. the audience watched as the speaker
c. the audience saw the speaker d. the speaker waving to the audience
TEST 2
I. PRONUNCIATION
the others.
1. a. swallow b. taste c. pages d. detail
2. a. please b. reading c. cheap d. pleasure
3- a. conclusion b. measure c. resource d. usually
4. a. swallow b. knowledge d. slowly d. following
5. a. queue b. quick c. question d. request
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others,
6. a. amazing b. fascinating c. incredible d. advantage
7. a. digest b. survive c. swallow d. unnoticed
8. a. reunite b. recommend c. understand d. wilderness
9. a. imaginary b. personality c. scientific d. entertainment
10. a. knowledge b. pleasure c. character d. biography
II. LANGUAGE FOCUS
11. Professor Moore recommended the book _________ all his students.
a. with b. to c. for d. from
12. I’m really fond _______ reading detective stories by Agatha Christie.
a. in b. on c. at d. of
13. Skimming is sometimes useful ________processing larger quantities of text.
a. for b. in c. to d. of
14. I have been _______ this book for months, and at last I have found it.
a. looking over b. looking up c. looking for d. looking at
15. Mark has a very outgoing _______ and makes friends very easily.
a. appearance b. quality c. distinction d. personality
16. A(n) _______ is a book that someone writes about their own life.
a. biography b. autobiography c. romance d. historical novel
17. Some people have the ability to _______ a page, which means to read it very
quickly, just taking in the main points.
a. skim b. surf c. flick d. swallow
18. If I come to a boring bit in a book, I just _______ a few pages till the real
story starts again.
a. taste b. chew c. skip d. digest
19. Reading _______ is influenced by multiple factors, and is not limited to a child’s general
intelligence.
a. knowledge b. material c. completion d. achievement
20. _______ of reading include reading for memorization (under 100 wpm), reading
for learning (100-200 wpm), and reading for comprehension (200-400 wpm).
a. Rates b. Pressures c. Rhymes d. Paces
21. Of course an encyclopedia is not a book you read _______ .
a. here and there b. from cover to cover
c. from the start d. from the top to the end
22. Studies have shown that American children who learn to read by the third
grade are less likely to _______ of school.
a. drop away b. drop behind c. drop out d. drop off
23. He always tried to do everything _______ .
a. by the book b. on the books c. like a book d. in good books
24. Reading for comprehension is the _______ of most people’s daily reading.
a. advantage b. essence c. benefit d. assistance
25. Victorian writers fired the popular _______ with their tales of adventure.
a. image b. imagery c. imaginary d. imagination
26. Our school has managed _______ a lot of books to distribute to the children
in a village school.
a. to collect b. collecting c. with collecting d. on collecting
27. I _______ to get through to Jackie for days now. Either she’s away or her
phone’s out of order.
a. tried b. had tried c. was trying d. have been trying
28. Over the past 50 years, many serious illnesses _______ under control.
a. brought b. was brought c. have brought d. have been brought
29. Do you like the “Harry Potter” film series? ~Well, after _______ the books, I
was a bit disappointed.
a. read b. having read c. being read d. I have read
30. Because of road works, traffic _______ to one lane in each direction.
a. restricts b. will restrict c. has restricted d. is restricted
21. She _______ five years ago today; therefore her request for a raise is definitely
worth reviewing.
a. is being promoted b. promoted
c. was promoted d. has been promoted
31. After he_______, he continued to take classes to upgrade his skills.
a. hired b. has hired c. had hired d. was hired
32. He _______ in public on the occasion of his daughter’s wedding.
a. last saw b. has last seen c. was last seen d. was seeing last
33. Two-thirds of the work _______ by the second team.
a. are done b. were done c. has been done d. have been done
34. Professor Byrd, along with several colleagues, _______ to a national conference
each year.
a. travels b. travel c. is traveling d. have traveled
35. The reason for all the changes being made _______ to us.
a. explained b. had explained c. was explaining d. was explained
36. Diabetes, which may be caused by one of several different conditions, _______
many people each year.
a. affects b. affect c. is affected d. are affected
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37. “All these photographs _______ with a very cheap camera,” he said.
a. have taken b. were takers c. were taking d. had taken
38. In spite of her protests, her father made her _______ for the race three hours a day.
a. train b. training c. to train d. trained
39. The manager expected the team _______ because they hadn’t done enough training,
a. to be lost b. have lost c. by losing d. to lose
40. In the late nineteenth century, many important theories in both the
A
biological and the physical science have been produced.
B C D
21. At present, solar cells are too expensive and inefficient to use in the
A B C D
commercial generation of electricity.
43. One characteristic of the poems of Emily Dickinson is the sharp of her images.
A B C D
44. Listening to recorded books while driving is a mean of utilizing time wisely.
A B C D
45. Edgar Allan Poe, creation of the detective story, claimed to prefer writing
A B C
poetry to writing prose.
D
III. READING
following passage.
It is a well-known fact that when there were no televisions or computers, reading was
a primary (46)_________ activity. People would spend hours reading books and travel to
lands far away-in their minds. The only tragedy is that, with time, people have lost their skill
and (47) _________to read. There are many other exciting and thrilling options available,
(48) ________from books. And that is a shame because reading offers a productive approach
(49) _________improving vocabulary and word power. It is (50) _________to indulge in at
least half an hour of reading a day to keep abreast of the various styles of writing and new
vocabulary.
18. If I come to a boring bit in a book, I just _________a few pages till the real story starts
again.
a. taste b. chew c. skip d. digest
19. Reading_________ is influenced by multiple factors, and is not limited to a
child’s general intelligence.
a. knowledge b. material c. completion d. achievement
20 . ________of reading include reading for memorization (under 100 wpm), reading
for learning (100-200 wpm), and reading for comprehension (200-400 wpm).
a. Rates b. Pressures c. Rhymes d. Paces
21. Of course an encyclopedia is not a book you read_________
a. here and there b. from cover to cover
c. from the start d. from the top to the end
22. Studies have shown that American children who learn to read by the third grade are less
likely to _________of school.
a. drop away b. drop behind c. drop out d. drop off
23. He always tried to do everything_________.
a. by the book b. on the books c. like a book d. in good books
24. Reading for comprehension is the _________of most people’s daily reading.
a. advantage b. essence c. benefit d. assistance
25. Victorian writers fired the popular _________with their tales of adventure.
a. image b. imagery c. imaginary d. imagination
26. Our school has managed _________a lot of books to distribute to the children in a
village school.
a. to collect b. collecting c. with collecting d. on collecting
27. I_________ to get through to Jackie for days now. Either she’s away or her
a. tried b. had tried c. was trying d. have been trying
28. Over the past 50 years, many serious illnesses _________under control.
a. brought b. was brought c. have brought d. have been brought
29. Do you like the “Harry Potter” film series? ~Well, after _________the books, I was a bit
disappointed.
a. read b. having read c. being read d. I have read
30. Because of road works, traffic _________to one lane in each direction.
a. restricts b. will restrict c. has restricted d. is restricted
31. She ____________ five years ago today; therefore her request for a raise is definitely
worth reviewing.
a. is being promoted b. promoted
c. was promoted d. has been promoted
32. After he, _________ he continued to take classes to upgrade his skills.
a. hired b. has hired c. had hired d. was hired
33. He _________in public on the occasion of his daughter’s wedding.
a. last saw b. has last seen c. was last seen d. was seeing last
34. Two-thirds of the work _________by the second team.
a. are done b. were done c. has been done d. have been done
35. Professor Byrd, along with several colleagues, _________to a national conference
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each year.
a. Travels b. travel c. is traveling d. have traveled
36. The reason for all the changes being made _________to us.
a. explained b. had explained c. was explaining d. was explained
37. Diabetes, which may be caused by one of several different conditions, _________
a. Affects b. affect c. is affected d. are affected
38. “All these photographs_________ with a very cheap camera,” he said.
a. have taken b. were taken c. were taking d. had taken
39. In spite of her protests, her father made her _________for the race three hours a day.
a. Train b. training c. to train d. trained
40. The manager expected the team_________ because they hadn’t done enough training,
a. to be lost b. have lost c. by losing d. to lose
41. In the late nineteenth century, many important theories in both the
A
biological and the physical science have been produced.
B C D
42. At present, solar cells are too expensive and inefficient to use in the
A B C D
commercial generation of electricity.
43. One characteristic of the poems of Emily Dickinson is the sharp of her images.
A B C D
44. Listening to recorded books while driving is a mean of utilizing time wisely.
A B C D
45. Edgar Allan Poe, creation of the detective story, claimed to prefer writing
A B C
poetry to writing prose.
D
III. READING
following passage.
It is a well-known fact that when there were no televisions or computers, reading was a
primary (46) _________ activity. People would spend hours reading books and travel to lands
far away-in their minds. The only tragedy is that, with time, people have lost their skill and
(47) _________to read. There are many other exciting and thrilling options available, (48)
_________from books. And that is a shame because reading offers a productive approach
(49) _________improving vocabulary and word power. It is (50) _________to indulge in at
least half an hour of reading a day to keep abreast of the various styles of writing and new
vocabulary.
It is, observed that children and teenagers who love reading have comparatively
higher IQs. They are more (51) _________and do better in school and college. It is
recommended that parents to inculcate the importance of reading to their children in the early
years. Reading (52) _________to significantly help in developing vocabulary, and reading
(53) _________helps to build a strong emotional bond between parents and children. The
children who start reading from an early age are observed to have good language (54)
_________, and they grasp the variances in phonics (55) __________better.
46. a. outdoor b. physical c. leisure d. social
47. a. passion b. ambition c. awareness d. knowledge
48. a. except b. in addition c. besides d. aside
49. a. for b. of c. to d. in
50. a. advice b. advisable c. advising d. advisory
51. a. creative b. generous c. hard d. productive
52. a. says b. is said c. said d. saying
53. a. silently b. avidly c. aloud d. alone
54. a. activities b. resources c. advantages d. skills
55- a. much b. more c. little d. further
A higher reading rate, with no loss of comprehension, will help you in other subjects as
well as in English, and the general principles apply to any language. Naturally, you will not
read every book at the same speed. You would expect to read a newspaper, for example,
much more rapidly than physics or economics textbook — but you can raise your average
reading speed over the whole range of materials you wish to cover so that the percentage
gained will be the same whatever kind of reading you are concerned with.
The reading passages which follow are all of an average lever of difficulty for your stage
of instruction. They are all about five hundred words long. They are about topics of general
interest which do not require a great deal of specialized knowledge. Thus they fall between
the kind of reading you might find in your textbooks and the much less demanding kind you
will find in a newspaper or light novel. If you read this kind of English, with understanding at
four hundred words per minute, you might skim through a newspaper at perhaps 650 - 700
words per minute while with a difficult textbook you might drop to two hundred or two
hundred and fifty. Perhaps you would like to know what reading speeds is common among
native English-speaking university students and how those speeds can be improved. Tests in
Minnesota, USA, for example, have shown that students without special training can read
English of average difficulty, for example, Tolstoy’s War and Peace in translation, at speed
of between 240 and 250 words per minute with about seventy percent comprehension.
Students in Minnesota claim that after twelve-half-hour lessons, once a week, the reading
speed can be increased, with no loss of comprehension, to around five hundred words per
minute.
56. According to the passage, the purpose of effective reading with higher speed
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is most likely to help you_________.
a. only in your reading of physics textbook
b. improve your understanding of an economics textbook
c. not only in your language study but also in other subjects
d. choose the suitable materials to read.
57. The word ‘skim’ in the second paragraph means__________.
a. read carefully b. read quickly c. read slowly d. read avidly
58. Which of the following does not describe the types of reading materials mentioned in the
second paragraph?
a. Those beyond one’s reading comprehension.
b. Those concerned with common knowledge.
c. Those without much demand for specialized knowledge.
d. Those with the length of about five hundred words
59. The average speed of untrained native speakers in the University of Minnesota is.
_________
a. about 300 words per minute b. about 245 words per minute
c. about 650 - 770 words per minute d. about 500 words per minute
60. According to the passage, how fast can you expect to read after you have attended twelve
half-hour lessons in the’ University of Minnesota?
a. You can increase your reading speed by three times.
b. No real increase in reading speed can be achieved.
c. You can increase your reading speed by four times.
d. You can double your reading speed.
IV. WRITING
61. We can’t afford to buy such a luxurious house.
a. The house is so luxurious that we don’t want to buy it.
b. The house cannot be afforded by us.
c. The house is too expensive for us to buy.
d. It was such a luxurious house that we can’t buy it.
62. We have a six o’clock deadline for this work.
a. This work must be finished by six o’clock.
b. This work could be finished by six o’clock.
c. This work might be finished by six o’clock.
d. This work need be finished by six o’clock.
63. Cheques should only be accepted with proof of identity.
a. If you don’t have proof identity, your cheques won’t be accepted.
b. Your cheques will be accepted only if you have proof identity,
c. You shouldn’t accept cheques with proof of identity.
d. Never accept cheques without proof of identity.
64. I’m having a lot of trouble now because I lost my passport last week.
a. If I didn’t lose my passport last week, I wouldn’t be having so much trouble now.
b. If I hadn’t lost my passport last week, I wouldn’t have had so much trouble now.
c. If I didn’t lose my passport last week, I wouldn’t have had so much trouble now.
d. If I hadn’t lost my passport last week, I wouldn’t be having so much trouble now.
65. We must continue our efforts, whether there are problems or not.
a. Regardless of whatever problems, we must continue our efforts.
b. In spite of having problems, we must continue our efforts.
c. Unless there are problems, we must continue our efforts.
d. But for our problems, we must continue our efforts.
TEST YOURSELF
I. Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from that of
the others.
1. a. derive b. habitat c. crisis d. digest
2. a. conserve b. reserve c. desert d. reason
3. a. delicate b. celebrate c. private d. communicate
4. a. Chew b. approach c. challenge d. chemistry
5. a. theatened b. endangered c. wasted d. destroyed
II. Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that best completes the sentence.
6. Human depend _________species diversity to provide food, clean air and water.
a. on b. of c. to d. for
7. Wildlife groups are protesting _________the proposal to dam the river.
a. Against b. over c. for d. on
8. Many young people travel all over the world, and do all kinds of jobs before
they_________
a. lie down b. touch down c. settle down d. put down
9. Normally he is rather _________but sometimes he talks freely about himself.
a. Reserved b. sociable c. serious d. outgoing
10. We _________use that door. The sign says “PRIVATE: DO NOT ENTER”.
a. needn’t b. mustn’t c. shouldn’t d. mightn’t
11. “Can I get a taxi for you?” “_________”
a. Yes, of course. b. All right, you can.
c. Thanks. It’s very kind of you. d. No, I don’t like.
12. I am a(n) _________reader of science fiction novels.
a. Fervent b. ardent c. zealous d. avid
13. Jean has a very easy-going _________ which is why she is so popular,
a. personality b. characteristic c. qualification d. reputation
14. The country would now be self-sufficient in food _________the drough last year.
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a. because of b. in spite of c. apart from d. but for
15. There is still much to discuss. We shall,_________, return to this item at our
next meeting.
a. However b. moreover c. therefore d. consequently
16. AIDS is _________the government is spending a lot of money to find a cure.
a. so a serious disease b. a so serious disease
c. so serious a disease d. a such serious disease
17. Despite playing under strength, the home team_________ beat the rivals.
a. were able to b. could c. couldn’t d. weren’t able to
18. Neither the bus driver nor his passengers_________ in the bus crash.
a. Injured b. was injured c. has been injured d. were injured
19. Even if China has made great efforts to ensure the _________of the panda, it is still in
danger of extinction.
a. Reserve b. survival c. endangerment d. destruction
20. “Thanks for the great party.” “_________’’
a. I’m very delighted to hear that. b. I’m afraid that’s all I can do
c. I appreciate your coming so much. d. Oh, that would be great.
III. Give the correct form or tense of the verbs in brackets.
21. Since 1950 the world_________ (lose) one-fifth of its tropical forests.
22. If I_________ (have) the chance, I would have trained to be a doctor.
23. The reclaiming of land should_________ (carry out) to conserve the environment.
24. You mustn’t forget_________ (turn in) your compositions tomorrow morning.
25. It's worth_________ (make) adjustments to your lifestyle, such as eating a balanced diet
and taking more exercise.
IV. Give the correct form of the word in brackets.
26 . _________believe that we should preserve the tropical rainforests in
the world, (conserve)
27. One half of all amphibian species are _________with extinction, (threat)
28. Many nations have declared it _________to hunt or kill the great white, except in self-
defense, (legal)
29. Reading is highly _________, if you have a good book, (enjoy)
30. _________causes extinction, changes to climatic conditions and desertification, (forest)
V. Identify the one underlined word or phrase - A, B, C or D - that must be changed
31. Unlike many writings of her time, she was not preoccupied with morality.
A B C D
32. “Computers Today” is interesting, informative and it is easy to read.
A B C D
33. All of the books that you will need for this report can found in the library.
A B C D
34. The Prizken Prize is given every year to architects their work benefits
A B C
humanity and the environment. ’
D
35. A few people have so good eyesight that they can actually see the brightest
A B C
stars during full daylight.
D
VI. Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that best fits the blank space in the
following passage.
The human population is set to exceed 9 billion within a few short decades. With this
population increase comes an increase in food (36)_________, which leads to the extinction
of many species as we further encroach on their habitats. Some of the main (37)
_________responsible for biodiversity loss are deforestation, the highly inefficient use of
land and water for animal production, and the pollution of our waters. 17,000 species are
currently under (38)_________of extinction, and almost a quarter of the mammals (39)
_________extinction within 30 years. With the destruction of the rainforests in Brazil, largely
for grazing and feed for livestock, 2,300 Brazilian flora species are (40)_________under
threat.
The mass extinction we are experiencing now is a thousand times (41)_________ than
the average rate over the last 65 million years. This is by no means a natural occurrence. Our
Earth can no longer (42)_________ the demands we are putting upon her, and with a
predicted increase of 2.5 billion people (43)_________; 2050, we cannot ignore that a
solution to (44)_________the life threatening situation humanity is now facing (45)
_________be found and implemented as soon as possible
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36. a. production b. preparation c. consumption d. manufacture
37. a. keys b. factors d. aims d. facts
38. a. threat b. risk c. danger d. trouble
39. a. meet b. lead c. save d. face
40. a. even b. also c. either d. only
41. a. higher b. larger c. smaller d. lower
42. a. maintain b. stimulate c. sustain d. damage
43. a. during b. since c. from d. by
44. a. turn away b. turn around c. turn in e. turn up
45. a. must b. can c. will d. might
VII. Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct answer.
Reading is still the best source of information available and it can give you a great edge
and distinct advantage in life, the secret to a successful life is information, the answers to
nearly all our problems are documented in text somewhere. As Mark Twain quoted, "The
man who does not read has no advantage over the man who cannot read".
Books can stimulate and excite your imagination as well as arousing your curiosity,
everything that exists and has ever existed is documented and can be found in a book, reading
can teach you new skills, ideas and give you a new positive outlook on life. Books can take
you out of your world and away from your personal perspectives and difficulties for a while
as they let you into the private mind, the ideas and opinions of others.
Reading has many benefits and a book can serve more than one useful purpose at the
same time. It is a form of relaxation while at the same time it can stimulate your mind,
reading can help you to feel better, books can be our teachers, mentors and inspirations .You
can learn and better your life just by reading a book, authors and good writers can take you to
places and imaginary worlds where no other form of entertainment or technology can rival.
46. What does the passage mainly discuss?
a. How to develop good reading habbits b. The influence of books
c. The benefits of reading d. The importance of reading good books
47. It can be concluded from the passage that_________.
a. reading makes you a better writer
b. reading can help you improve .the quality of your life
c. reading can help you expand spiritually and mentally
d. reading is one of the cheapest forms of entertainment
48. According to the passage, a book cannot help you_________ .
a. solve your problems b. broaden your knowledge
c. Relax d. develop your personality
49. The word “they” in line 10 refers to_________.
a. perspectives b. difficulties c. books d. ideas
50. Which of the folowing is not the benefit of reading?
a. It improves your physical fitness b. It melts away stress,
c. It encourages positive thinking, d. It helps you learn.
VIII. Choose the sentences - a, b, c or d - which is closest in meaning to the printed one.
51. That library book must be returned within one week.
a. The book can’t be kept longer than a week.
b. The book should have been returned a week ago.
c. The book has already been borrowed for a week.
d. The book needs to be brought back in a week.
52. A house in that district will cost you at least £100,000.
a. You could spend less than £100,000 buying a house in that district.
b. You must pay £100,000 to buy a house in that district.
c. You won’t be able to buy a house in that district for less than £100,000.
d. You aren’t supposed to pay more than £100,000 to pay a house in that district.
53. It was his incompetence which led to their capture.
a. Because he was incompetence, they were captured.
b. If he had been incompetence, they would have been captured.
c. In spite of his incompetence, they were not captured.
d. But for his incompetence, they would not have been captured.
IX. From the words or phrases - a, b, c of d - choose the one that best completes the
sentences.
54. _________. the results couldn’t be better.
a. Despite what he tried hard b. No matter how hard he tried
c. Although he didn’t try very hard d. Because he tried so hard
55 . _________are hot is a common misconception.
a. All deserts b. All deserts which c. Of all deserts d. That all deserts
UNIT 12: WATER SPORTS

I. Underline the silent letters in the words below.
doubt foreigner awful Christmas
muscle yacht vegetable pneumonia
Wednesday history design calm
science listen honest subtle
plumber psychology wreck answer
evening handkerchief exhaust receipt
knee interest thought although
island neighbor walk honest
ocean vehicle literature ghost
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cupboard autumn sword castle
II. Match the names of types of water sports to their appropriate meanings.
1. scuba-diving
2. windsurfing a. a sport of traveling across water in a boat
b. a sport in which you stand on boards and ride
3. water polo on the surface of water while being pulled
c. a sport of swimming under water using special
breathing equipment
4. synchronized swimming
d. a sport in which you move across the water
standing on a flat board with a sail that you can
5. water-skiing move
6. sailing e. a sport of traveling in a boat using oars
7. rowing f. a sport of traveling in or racing a canoe
g. a sport played in water by two teams of seven
players who get points by throwing a ball into
the opponents goal
8. canoeing h. a sport in Which groups of swimmers move in
patterns in the water to music
III. Complete these sentences with an appropriate word from the box.
Opponent penalized tie ejected foul
penalty sprinted referee vertical publicity
1. The__________ booked three players for offensive behaviour.
2. The game finished in a__________. Each team had two scores.
3. There was a lot of negative__________ surrounding the film.
4. She’s facing a much more experienced __________in tomorrow’s game.
5. Police __________a number of English hooligans from the stadium.
6. Foul play will be severely__________.
7. He committed a second clear __________and was sent off.
8. Three runners__________ the last few metres.
9. We were adwarded a __________after a late tackle.
10. Players must learn to pass in both the__________ and horizontal positions.
IV. Say whether the verbs in the sentences are transitive (tr.) or intransitive (intr.).
1. Accidents like this happen all the time._________________________________________
2. I was standing only a few feet away. ___________________
We discovered this beach while we were sailing __________________
Around the island. __________________
3. A stone struck me on the head. ___________________
4. The phone rang and broke my train of thought. ___________________
5. All the windows broke with the force of the blast. ___________________
6. She had to write a report on the project. ___________________
7. He made a very remarkable discovery. ___________________
8. We waited patiently at the station.; ___________________
9. Shall I ever forget those happy days? ___________________
V. Write sentences starting at column A. You must decide if the sentence ends at A, or
if you need to continue with column B. If the sentence is still not complete, you should
then use column C.
A. B C
The train has arrived law school in all subjects
I’ll send good marks last year
We gave you a tip
He got some new flats fit
Louise put the car in the garage
The sun was shining the driver an email
They built your sister
Physical exercise keeps the team
Quick! She’s fainted
She finished
My foot hurts
Did you see
1. ________________________ 7. ________________________
2. ________________________ 8. ________________________
3. ________________________ 9. ________________________
4. ________________________ 10. ________________________
5. ________________________ 11. ________________________
6. ________________________ 12. ________________________
VI. Underline the verbs and identify them as transitive (v.t) or intransitive (v.i). Change
the sentences to passive if possible.
1. An accident happened at the corner of Main Street.
2. The customer bought some butter.
3. Many people died during the World War II.
4. Research scientists will discover a cure for AIDS someday.
5. The “th” sound doesn’t occur in my native language.
6. Did the Koreans invent gunpowder?
7. Dinosaurs existed millions of years ago.
178
8. They’re staying at a resort hotel in San Antonio Texas.
9. Many people saw the accident.
10. I usually agree with my sister.
VII. If possible, make a corressponding sentence with a passive form. If it is not possible,
write ‘No passive’.
1. Nobody has paid for the tickets, have they?
___________________________________________________________________________
2. BBC stands for British Broadcasting Corporation.
___________________________________________________________________________
3. Are they meeting him at the station?
___________________________________________________________________________
4. I slept for nearly ten hours last night.
___________________________________________________________________________
5. We’d better see to the car or we’ll have an accident.
___________________________________________________________________________
6. Some people objected strongly to some of the proposals.
___________________________________________________________________________
7. The ship slowly disappeared from the view.
___________________________________________________________________________
8. The house belongs to a very old lady.
___________________________________________________________________________
9. Everyone must adhere to these rules.
___________________________________________________________________________
10. A dreadful thought has just occured to me.
___________________________________________________________________________
11. It’s terrible when people ignore you.
___________________________________________________________________________
12. The students got the information down as fast as they could.
___________________________________________________________________________
13. Has everybody finished with these library books?
___________________________________________________________________________
14. He finished 12 seconds outside the world record.
___________________________________________________________________________
15. Basically my flat consists of three rooms.
___________________________________________________________________________
VIII. Fill in each blank with the correct form of the word in brackets.
1. Williams' __________ in her semifinal will be Ekaterina Makarova of Russia, (oppose)
2. Ann blocked a player from getting to the ball and was __________for obstruction,
(penalty)
3. Except for being ejected from a game, pass__________ is the worst penalty in football,
(interfere)
4. No player, except the__________, may strike the ball with his/ her fist, (goal)
5. After his__________, Sanchez was replaced by Jeanmar Gomez, (eject)
6. Synchronized Swimming helps to develop __________ skills, (aqua)
7. He has been an active__________ in numerous sports and activities all his life
(participate)
8. As long as we kept playing good__________ we knew we had a chance to
win the game, (defend)
9. Cut the cake in half __________and spread jam on one half, (horizon)
10. The__________ of the game is 90 minutes including a short interval, (long)
IX. Write the passage, using the words given.
Snorkeling/ the practice of swimming/ surface/ a body of water/ while/ equip/ diving
mask/ snorkel/ swimfins. In cooler waters/ wetsuit/ may also/ wear. Combine/ these tools/
allow/ snorkeler/ observe underwater attractions/ extended periods of time/ relatively little
effort.
Snorkeling/ a popular recreational activity/ particularly/ tropical resort destinations/ and/
accessible scuba diving locations. Snorkeling/ also employ/ scuba divers/ when near the
surface. Search and rescue teams/ may/ snorkel/ as part/ water-based search.
TEST 1
I. PRONUNCIATION
others.
1.a. football b. scuba c. pool d. canoe
2.a. scuba b. synchronized c. Chicago d. canoeing
3.a. diving b. sprint c. vertical d. windsurfing
4.a. own b. foul c. goal d. polo
5.a. head b. eject c. net d. create
II. LANGUAGE FOCUS
6. The first water polo rules were set __________by William Wilson in 1876.
a. in b. up c. out d. off
7. __________1900 water polo has been in the program of the Olympic Games.
a. In b. By c. For d. Since
8. Defensive players are not allowed to interfere ___________ the opponent’s movement,
a. with b. in c. of d. into
9. Water polo was the first __________ sport added to the Olympic program, in 1900.
a. adventure b. team c. individual d. spectator
10. The ball is __________in Water Polo by dribbling and passing.
a. sprinted b. held c. advanced d. passed
180
11. He _____ a second clear foul and was sent off.
a. combated b. executed c. performed d. committed
12. The goal in the last few minutes took the score to 2 - 2. The match ended in
a__________.
a. tie b. triumph c. champion d. record
13. In water polo, no player except the __________can hold the ball with both hands.
a. defender b. goalie c. attacker d. referee
14. A player that has been _____ three times must sit out the whole match with substitution.
a. eliminated b. discharged c. emitted d. ejected
15 __________is a sport in which you sail across water by standing on a board and
holding onto a large sail.
a. Sailing b. Waterskiing c. Windsurfing d. Canoeing
16. ‘What did you do to your hand?’ ‘I __________when I was chopping vegetables.’
a. cut me b. cut c. cut myself d. myself cut
17. The interviewer started off __________why I wanted the job.
a. to ask b. to ask me c. asking me d. by asking me
18. My parents are always going on __________up my bedroom.
a. at me to tidy b. for to tidy c. in tidying d. to tidy
19. In the security video the burglars __________the bank through a window.
a. are seen to enter b. are seen entering
c. have seen entering d. was seen to enter
20. We objected to __________up our garden.,
a. their cat’s digging b. their cat to dig
c. their cat digging d. their cat’s which dug
21. An increase in the price of petrol would discourage __________my car.
a. using b. me to use c. from using d. me from using
22. The lizard is amazingly well adapted__________ in very dry and windy conditions.
a. to live b. living c. for living d. to living
23. The Ravens __________by a field goal in the last minute of the game,
a. win b. won c. were won d. has won
24. Johnson was arrested when he failed __________in court.
a. to appear b. him to appear c. his appearing d. appearing
25. If you have any problems with the computer, contact Simon. It’s best if you let
him__________.
a. deal with b. to deal with c. deal with it d. to deal with it
26. We are confident that both sets of fans will __________at the match.
a. behave itself b. behave them c. behave ourselves d.behave themselves
27. The report is very critical and is clearly__________
a. intended to be b. intended to c. intended d. intend to be
28. This plant __________from the British countryside.
a. is to vanish b. is vanishing c. is vanished d. has been vanished
29. Sometimes fun activities __________spontaneously; at other times they take
careful planning.
a. just happen b. are just happened
c. have just happened d. are just happening
30. Although Patricia is a doctor herself, it doesn’t __________to special treatment, and
she will have to join the waiting list like everyone else.
a. entitle b. entitle her c. entitle for her d. entitle to her
31. There is no need for you to help cook the meal. Just sit down and enjoy.
A B C D
32. When I tried on my three white shirts, I found that not any of them
A B
fitted me any more.
C D
33. The influence of the nation’s literature, art, and science have captured
A B C
widespread attention.
D
34. Ms. magazine, that began in 1972, has long been considered one of the
A B
leading publications of the feminist movement
C D
35. Suzy had better to change her study habits if she hopes to be admitted
A B C
to a good university.
D
III. READING
Outdoors favorite variety mind challenging self-esteem physically exercise
Playing sports are a great way of staying in shape, it gives you discipline,.
responsibility, commitment, it shows you how to work together as a team and it’s a great way
to take your (37) __________ off everyday worries. There are sports that can be done as a
way of spending time with your children, family or friends and then you have the sports that
has to be played as a team. There’s some that provide light (38) __________ but it’s good for
the body and mind. Golf for example, it’s appealing because it’s played (39) __________,
it’s something tranquil, but it gives your body the necessary exercise.
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There are a wide (40)of challenging activities and adventure sports such as mountain
biking, mountain climbing, skiing and fishing. Water sports are (41)__________ as well.
They are exciting, fun and there’s many to choose from: body boarding, skiing, surfing,
tubing and wake boarding among others.
Then we have some of the (42) __________ challenging sports such as boxing,
American football, rugby and the now so popular ultimate fighting. And let’s not also forget
some of the (43) __________ ones like basketball and baseball which remain the most played
sports in America.
B. Read the passage carefully, decide whether the statements are true (T) or false
(F), then answer the questions.
Underwater hockey is a non-contact sport in which two teams compete to maneuver a
puck across the bottom of a swimming pool into goals.
Players wear a diving mask, fins, speedos and a snorkel for play. Safety gear includes
a water polo style cap, a mouthguard, and a glove for the playing hand (to protect against
pool-bottom abrasion and,' in some designs, knuckle protection against puck impact).
Because current rules permit a player to switch the stick between hands mid-play, players
may choose to wear a protective glove on both hands. The stick is quite short (not more than
350 mm in length, including the handle) and is colored white or black to indicate the player’s
team.
Two teams of up to ten players compete, with six players on each team in play at once.
Substitution happens continually from a substitution area, which may be on deck or in the
water outside the playing area, depending on tournament rules. Before the start of play the
puck is placed in the middle of the pool, and the players wait in the water, touching the wall
above the goals they are defending. At the start-of-play signal, in-play members of both
teams are free to swim anywhere in the play area and try to score by sending the puck into the
opponents’ goal. Play continues until either a goal is scored, and players return to their wall
to start a new point, or a break in play is signaled by a referee.
In competition, games consist of two fifteen minute halves, and a short half time
interval. At half time the two teams switch ends.
True or false?
44. Underwater hockey is a moving game that quickly builds swimming and free diving
capability.
45. Underwater hockey is played on the bottom of a swimming pool.
46. Players have to wear a protective glove for the playing hand in order not to damage the
bottom of the pool.
47. Underwater hockey is played by two teams of ten.
48. Play starts with the puck in the middle of the pool and the teams lined up at either end.
49. How do people play underwater hockey?
50. How long does a game of underwater hockey last?
IV. WRITING
sentences.
51. Domestic cats enjoy playing and sitting in the sun, __________ .
a. and so cats in the wild do b. and so do cats in the wild
c. and cats in the wild do so d. and so cats do in the wild
52 ________.received law degrees as today.
a. Never have so many women b. So many women have never
c. Never so many women have d. Never so have many women
53. Many people believed that the more they produced and consumed __________ .
a. they were the more affluent b. they were affluent more
c. the more affluent they were d. they were more affluent
54. ___________ the restaurant, my friend Mark went in.
a. When coming out of b. As I came out of
c. I came out of d. While I am coming out of
55. Swimming is a beneficial exercise _________ aerobic activity and uses a number of
muscle group.
a. since it not only provides b. as it provides either
c. because it both provides d. though it provides
TEST 2
I. PRONUNCIATION
the others.
1. a. penalize b. penetrate c. penalty d. penny
2. a. crossbar b. discuss c. association d. possession
3. a. score b. opponent c. quarter d. water
4. a. equip b. require c. tie d. minor
5. a. length b. method c. soothing d. athletic
6. a. gymnastic b. windsurfing c. opponent d.
defensive
7. a. interfere b. individual c. situation d. synchronize
8. a. vertical b. penalty c. referee d. personal
9. a. regulator b. adventurous c. participant d. performance
10. a. compete b. punish c. eject d. commit
II. LANGUAGE FOCUS
11. Water polo was the first team sport added _________the Olympic program, in 1900.
a. in b. on c. to d. for
12. Defensive players are not allowed to interfere _________an opponent’s movements
unless the player is holding the ball.
a. to b. in c. at d. with
13. Players who are skilled _________several offensive or defensive roles are called utility
players.
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a. at b. for c. on d. off
14. At the start of each period, teams _________on their own goal line.
a. stand for b. line up c. set up d. come round
15. The goal is _________by vertical posts, a crossbar, arid nets, as in soccer and hockey.
a. kept b. made c. marked d. limited
16. The goalkeeper has one _________that other players do not have: he or she ncannot
cross the half-distance line.
a. priviledge b. advantage c. benefit d. limitation
17. For minor fouls, a free throw is _________from the spot of the foul.
a. carried b. awarded c. scored d. touched
18. If a defender interferes with a free throw, holds or sinks an attacker who is not in
possession, he is _____ from the game for twenty seconds.
a. excluded b. exchanged c. executed d. exposed
19. A_________ is awarded when a major foul is committed inside the 5-meter line.
a. free throw b. score c. penalty shot d. corner throw
20. If the score is tied at the end of regulation play, two _________periods of three
minutes each are played.
a. extended b. off-peak c. limited d. overtime
21. A(n) _________is an official who controls the game in some sports.
a. defender b. referee c. attacker d. goalie
22. If an attacker uses his arm to push away a defending player, the referee
will rule a _________and the defense will take possession of the ball.
a. turn over b. turn off c. turn out d. turn round
23. A defender will often foul the player with the ball as a tactic to disrupt the_________
ball movement
a. player’s b. goalkeeper’s c. opponents d. swimmer’s
24. Offensive players may be called for a_________: by pushing off a defender to
provide space for a pass or shot.
a. goal b. shot c. sprint d. foul
25. If a player commits a violent foul with intention to harm, the player is
ejected from the game without_________..
a. alternative b. substitution c. replacement d. exchange
26. The software enables _________the Internet in seconds.
a, to access b. accessing c. you to access d. you accessing
27. Karen is so small that she often has to resort.
a. to children’s clothes b. children’s clothes
b. to wear children’s clothes d. wearing children’s clothes
28. The government plans to bring in new _________law parents to take more
responsibility for the education of their children.
a. Forces b. forcing c. forced d. force
29. The fact that we have inflation makes _________for families to buy the food they need.
a. its hard b. as hard c. it hard d. hard it is
30. Let’s hope that the New Year_________ in a period of prosperity for everyone.
a. Ushers b. will usher c. is ushering d. is going to usher
31. In diving competitions, women perform_________ men do.
a. the same dives as b. dive the same as
c. dive the same way as d. the diving is the same
32. I’d advise _________your tickets well in advance if you want to travel in August.
a. Buy b. to buy c. buying d. you buying
33. We’ll go swimming if we get_________.
a. warm enough weather b. weather warm enough
c. weather enough warm d. enough warm weather
34. Could you let me have the bill for the car_________?
a. Repairing b. to be repaired c. repair d. repaired
35. We don’t want_________ any mistakes in his composition.
a. him to make b. his making c. that he makes d. he will make
36. I_________ to get through to Jackie for days now. Either she’s away or her
a. Tried b. am trying c. had tried d. have been trying
37. Not only profits, but it also had to lay off workers.
a. did the company lose b. the company lost
c. lost the company d. the company had lost
38. Everybody seems to feel tired of watching the same commercials on TV
every night, _________?
a. doesn’t he b. don’t they c. does she d. do they
39. The accident seems _________at around 1.00 p.m yesterday.
a. to happen b. to be happened
c. to have happened d. to have been happened
40. When Bond saw Vanya taking photographs of the plane that she was a spy.
a. dawned on him b. it dawned him c. it dawned on d. it dawned on him
41. If a defender commits a foul within the five meter area that prevents a
A B
likely goal, the attacking team will award a penalty shot.
C D
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42. The US government, along with a number of states, are fighting a protracted
A B C
legal battle with tobacco companies.
D
43. Many scientists are doing research on the possibility of virus H5N1
A B C
transfer from human to human.
D
44. Hardly he had entered the office when he realised that he had forgotten his wallet.
A B C D
45. Many sailboats are equipped with small engines for times when there
A B C
is not wind enough.
D
III. READING
following passage.
Scuba diving is a sport in which you swim underwater for extended (46)_________.
using special equipment. The word Scuba is actually an (47)_________ for self-contained
underwater breathing apparatus. Scuba diving is an excellent (48)_________to see some very
beautiful sites: coral diving sites with their colourful sea life are the most famous but other
scuba diving (49) _________include shipwrecks and caverns.
Scuba diving can also be a very (50)_________sport and in many places it’s very
beginner friendly. Many dive sites are (51)________ (under the care of an instructor) after a
short briefing and training dive. You can learn to dive (52 )_________; more quickly than
you can learn snow sports, for example. It’s also (53 )_________for people with a number of
physical disabilities. (54)_________you can use the breathing equipment and are able to
successfully propel (55)_________.underwater you may be able to dive.
44. a. stages b. rounds c. periods d. terms
45. a. acronym b. synonym c. antonym d. expression
46. a. advance b. way c. process d. routine
47. a. impressions b. amusements c. recreations d. attractions
48. a. relaxing b. competitive c. risky d. corporate
49. a. available b. approaching c. accessible d. manageable
50. a. too b. far c. so d. very
51. a. available b. congenial c. relevant d. suitable
52. a. Because b. When c. As long as d. Although
53. a. yourself b. yours c. you d. your
Synchronized swimming is a hybrid form of swimming, dance and figure skating,
consisting of swimmers (either individuals, duets, trios, teams or combos) performing a
synchronized routine of elaborate and dramatic moves in the water, accompanied by music.
Synchronized swimming demands advanced water skills, and requires strength, endurance,
flexibility, grace, artistry and precise timing, not to mention exceptional breath control while
upside down underwater.
Developed in the early 1900s in Canada, it is a sport performed almost exclusively by
women, although there is some participation by men. In its early form it was sometimes
known as “water ballet”.
It is a Summer Olympic Games sport. First demonstrated in 1952, it has been an official
event since 1984. Olympic and World Championship competition is not currently open to
men, but other international and national competitions allow male competitors. Both USA
Synchro and Synchro Canada allow men to compete with women. In competition,
competitors show off their strength, flexibility, and aerobic endurance required to perform
difficult routines. Swimmers perform two routines for the judges, one technical and one free.
54. Synchronized Swimming is_________.
a. a musical performance b. an underwater sport
c. a type of modern dance d. a mixture of swimming and dance
55. All of the following are required in Synchronized Swimming EXCEPT_________.
a. breath control b. good sense c. flexibility d. water skills
56. According to the passage, men have been banned from competing in_________ .
a. Canada b. the United States
c. regional competitions d. the World masters Championships
57. In Synchronized Swimming competition, competitors_________.
a. show off their technique and their freedom
b. are always required to perform difficult routines
c. have to perform both technical routine and free routine
d. have a choice between technical routine and free routine
58. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
a. Synchronized swimming began in Canada in the 1900s.
b. Synchronized swimming was originally known as water ballet.
c. Synchronized swimming was first performed at the 1952 Olympic Games.
d. Synchronized swimming became an Olympic event in 1984.
IV. WRITING
59. Whenever she came to my house, she brought a friend.
a. She never came across a friend in my house.
b. She never came to my house without her friend.
c. She never brought her friend to my house.
d. She came to my house only when she had a new friend.
60. He was suspended for two matches for swearing at the referee.
a. Swearing at, the referee earned him a suspension for two matches.
188
b. If he hadn’t sworn at the referee he wouldn’t have been suspended for two matches.
c. He swore at the referee for his suspension for two matches.
d. Both a and b are correct
61. I doubt he’ll have reached his office yet.
a. He plans to keep away from his office today.
b. He may stop somewhere before he reaches his office.
c. He’s probably still on the way to his office.
d. He must have arrived at his office by now.
62. Hardly a day goes by without my thinking of her.
a. I think of her almost every day.
b. I almost never think of her.
c. It’s difficult for me to think of her.
d. I think about a hard day whenever I think of her.
63. Under no circumstances should you phone the police.
a. You should phone the police as soon as possible.
b. You should never phone the police.
c. You should think hard before phoning the police.
d. If you cannot control the situation, you should phone the police.
UNIT 13: THE 22ND SEA GAMES
I. Mark where you think there will be links between consonants and vowels.
1. Choose the correct answer and tick it. 6. I can’t understand this.
2. Which page is it on? 7. Look it up in your dictionary. '
3. How do you spell it? 8. It isn’t easy to speak English.
4. How do you pronounce it? 9. Listen — which language is that?
5. What does it mean? 10. Don’t worry if you make a mistake.
II. Complete each of the sentences with a word from the box.
cooperation record clear solidarity defended title
outstandingly spirit podium standings
1. He held the world heavyweight _________until last year.
2. If Arsenal win this game they’ll go to the top of the_________.
3. One athlete failed to _________the bar and was injured.
4. Lewis established a new world_________ with a time of 9.86 second.
5. A working group will be established to promote_________.
6. Although the team lost, they played with tremendous_________.
7. He performed well but not____________.
8. The champion sucessfully _________his title against the American challenger.
9. The strike promoted a sense of among the workers.
10. The winner stepped up to the and received a prize.
1. The _________needs of cancer patients can be an important part of care,(spirit)
2. The Para Games aims to promote _________and _________among persons with a
disability, (friend - solid)
3. Real Madrid become the first team to successfully_________ the Champions League
title, (defense)
4. As a human rights activist, he fought _________against apartheid, (energy)
5. I welcome the _________to reduce taxes for the poorly paid, (propose)
6. Whatever you’re doing do it to the best of your_________. (able)
7. _________sports provide kids with a variety of fitness and teamwork opportunities,
(compete)
8. On 27 and 28 April, 202 _________from Southeast Asian countries will compete in 43
events, (athletic)
9. Lack of _________leads to discouragement and failure, (enthuse)
10. He died _________on Wednesday, surrounded by his family, (peace)
190
11. The _________victim refused to identify who assaulted him or press charges,
(cooperate)
12. Scientists claim they have _________in finding a cure for cancer, (success)
IV. Complete the sentences, using the structure comparative + and+ comparative.
1. The company expanded rapidly. It grew_________ all the time, (big)
2. Cathy got _________in her job. In the end she left, (bored)
3. My bags seemed to get _________as I carried them, (heavy)
4. As I waited for my interview, I became_________. (nervous)
5. As the day went on, the weather got_________ .(bad)
6. Health care is becoming_________. (expensive)
7. As the conversation went on, Paul became _________. (talkative)
8. These days _________people are learning English, (many)
9. The company’s share price went_________ .(high)
10. Life got_________ for boss Bob Watts as the company became_________ (good -
successful)
11. Life in the modern world is becoming_________. (complex)
12. When' I get excited, my heart beats_________.(fast)
V. Complete the second sentences with double comparatives (the more/ less/ -er ... the
more/ less/ -er).
1. The crowd became increasingly angry at the long delay.
_________the delay (was), _________the crowd became.
2. The value of a picture depends on how famous the artist is.
_________an artist (is), _________the picture is.
3. How well I sleep depends on how late I go to bed.
_________I go to bed, _________I sleep.
4. I don’t spend much time with my family because I work so hard.
_________I work, _________I spend with my family.
5. The traffic moves very slowly as more cars come into the city.
_________cars come into the city, _________the trafic moves,
6 How much you sweat depends on how hot you get.
_________you get, __________ you sweat.
7. It’s hard to concentrate when you are tired.
_________you are, __________it is to concentrate.
8. How much petrol a car uses depends on how big the engine is,
_________the engine (is), _________a car uses.
9. If a knife is sharp, it is easy to cut something with.
_________a knife (is), _________it is to cut something.
10. I became increasingly nervous about her fast driving.
_________she drove, _________I became.
VI. Complete the sentences with the correct comparative form of the given adjectives.
clever wealthy deep powerful dangerous
exciting worried modern useless hard
1. The river was _________ than I expected so I decided to turn back.
2. I may not be much a cook, but my sister is even _________in the kitchen than I am.
3. Many more people die in car accidents than in plane accidents. Statistics show that
driving your own car is _________than flying in an airplane.
4. I didn’t do well at school, and my fellow students all seemed_________ than me.
5. The film starts slowly, but gets_________ after the first half hour.
6. Neil is already rich, but his aim in life seems to be to become even _________.
7. The exam was _________ than I thought it would be.
8. I was concerned when John didn’t phone to say he’d be late, but I was even_________
when he didn’t come at all that night.
9. For an extra $500 you could buy a much _________motorbike.
10. We should replace the equipment with something_________.
VII. Which is correct? Or both of them? Underline the correct answer(s).
1. My older / elder sister is a TV producer.
2. I’m surprised Diane is only 25. I thought she was older / elder.
3. Jane’s younger sister is still at school. Her older / elder sister is a nurse.
4. ‘Is your sister younger than you?’ ‘No, she is elder / older than me.’
5. I must ring home today and find out if there’s any farther/ further news about my mother
and her operation.
6. Paris is farther / further north than Tokyo.
7. Ron ran farther / further than his friend did.
8. I gave my old laptop to my sister because I had no farther /further use for it.
VIII. Complete the sentences with superatives and the appropriate preposition.
1. I have three books. These two are quite good, but this one is _______ all.
2. It’s an important day. For many people, it is_________ day _________the year.
3. Jane is very intelligent. She is _________the three sisters.
4. Pluto is far from the sun. In fact, it is _________planet from the sun ____________our
solar system.
5. It was a very bad experience. It was one of_________ experiences _________my life.
6. That church is very old. It is one of _________churches _________the world.
7. Ann is highly skilled at dealing with difficult customers. In fact, she is_________ all the
people in the company.
8. Jack is very lazy. He is_________ student _________the class.
9. The last question is so difficult that nobody can answer it. I think it is _________all.
10. The town is very quiet. It’_________ town ____________Oxford.
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IX. Comment on the information using a comparative or a superlative adjective.
1. The Excalibur Hotel has over 4,000 rooms. No other hotel in the world is so large.
The Excalibur Hotel is:________________________________________________
2. India is quite a crowded country. It has 294 people per square kilometer. But Bangladesh
has 763 people per square kilometer.
Bangladesh is;! _________________________________________________________
3. Telecom Tower is 180 meters tall, but Canada Tower is 250 meters tall.
Canada Tower is_________________________________________________________
4. The Beatles were a very successful group. No other group in the world has been as
successful.
The Beatles were____________________________________________________
5. Venus has a diameter of 12,104 km. The Earth has a diameter of 12,756 km.
The Earth is_____________________________________________________________
6. The River Severn is 220 miles long. No other river in Britain is so long.
The River Severn is_______________________________________________________
7. Cambridge University dates from 1284, but it isn’t as old as Oxford University, which
dates from, 1167.
Oxford University is______________________________________________________
8. The Mona Lisa is worth many millions of dollars. No other picture in the world is so
valuable.
The Mona Lisa is_________________________________________________________
X. Complete each sentence so that it means the same as the previous one.
1. Couldn’t you find a better hotel?
Is this_________________________________________________________________
2. He lost his money simply because he wasn’t careful.
If_____________________________________________________________________
3. He has never behaved so violently before.
He is behaving___________________________________________________________
4. We arrived too late to see the first part of the film.
We didn’t_______________________________________________________________
5. People no longer smoke so many cigarettes as they used to.
The____________________________________________________________________
6. As television programs become more popular, they seem to get worse.
The more________________________________________________________________
7. There weren’t nearly as many people there as I had expected.
There were far___________________________________________________________
8. No matter how hard I tried I couldn’t open the door.
Try____________________________________________________________________
9. My boss works better when he’s pressed for time.
The less_________________________________________________________________
10. Though my house was cheaper than Norman’s, it is bigger and more attractive.
Norman’s house may_______________________________________________________
TEST 1
I. PRONUNCIATION
the others.
1.a. peace b. great c. team d. deal
2.a. wrestling b. athletic c. spectator d. competition
3.a. prepared b. organized c. impressed d. proposed
4.a. success b. increase c. precision d. cycling
5.a. title b. podium c. precision d. spirit
11. LANGUAGE FOCUS
6. The Games impressed sports enthusiasts_________ its spirit: solidarity, co-operation for
peace and development
a. for b. about c. with d. on
th
7. They will have opportunity to participate _________the 25 Sea Games next year.
a. on b. at c. to d. in
8. Thanks_________ their talent and determination, the Vietnamese Women’s
Football Team successfully defended the Sea Games title.
a. to b. for c. of d. about
9. The champion successfully _________his title against the American challenger.
a. protected b. defended c. retained d. won
th
10. The 28 Sea Games will be held in Singapore. It is Singapore’s fourth time
as the _________for the games.
a. host b. competitor c. supporter d. participant
11. In November, 1997, Brunei was_________ as official member, raising total of
official members to 10.
a. proposed b. organized c. recognized d. presented
12. Thailand is our strongest _________in Southeast Asia’s Men’s Soccer.,
a. athlete b. rival c. spectator d. player
13. You have to be highly_________ to do well in sport these days.
a. competed b. competitor c. competition d. competitive
14. The SEA Games _________every two years, with 11 countries in Southeast
Asia participating.
a. comes down b. sets up c. takes place d. brings about
15. In the 22nd Sea Games, Vietnamese athletes showed _________and commitment.
a. enthusiasm b. enthusiastic c. enthusiast d. enthusiastically
194
16. The two children tried _________they could to bring about a reconciliation between
their parents.
a. more hard b. so hard as c. as hard as d. harder than
17. Gilbert Stuart is considered by most art critics_________ portrait painter in
the North American colonies.
a. the greatest b. as greatest c. greatest d. was the greatest
18. The United States has _________ Japan.
a. twice people more than b. twice as many people as
c. as many twice people as d. as many people as twice
19. The more we learn, _________.
a. we become more wise b. we become wiser
c. the more wise we become d. the wiser we become
20. Try to do this exercise. It is _________than the others.
a. least difficult b. more and more difficult
c. less difficult d. less and less difficult
21. James is _________person in the whole office.
a. the most lazy and annoying b. more lazy and annoying than
c. the most annoying and the laziest d. the laziest and the most annoying
22. The more he tried to help her, _________ she seemed to appreciate it.
a. the lesser b. less and less c. the least d. the less
23. The curriculum at the public school is as good _________of any private school.
a. or better than b. as or better than that
c. as or better that d. as and better than those
24. She practices playing the piano _________than I do.
a. far more regularly b. much more regular
c. very more regularly d. so more regularly
25. Because he was afraid, he walked__________.
a. fast and fast b. faster and faster
c. more and more fast d. fast and faster
26. The ears of African elephants are _________Indian elephants.
a. bigger than b. bigger than that
c. bigger than of d. bigger than those of
27. Subtropical zones are_________ temperate zones, but they still have distinct
summer and winter seasons.
a warmer as b. less warm c. the warmest d. warmer than
28. Of all the candidates, Peter is probably_________.
a. the less qualified b. qualified less
c. a lot more qualified d. the least qualified
29. Of the two students, Sarah is_________.
a. the most intelligent b. the more intelligent
C. much more intelligent d. the intelligent more
30. It was almost as if the wolf was _________of us than we were of it.
a. Scared b. scareder c. more scared d. as scared
31. I checked the form most careful but didn’t notice the mistake.
A B C D
32. The harder he tried, the worst he danced before the large audience.
A B C D
33. This stereo is the most expensive of the two that we have looked at today.
A B C D
34. Modern motorcycles are lighter, faster, and specialized than motorcycles of
A B C D
twenty-five years ago.
35. The bad news have made her so shocked that she falls unconscious.
A B C D
III. READING
A. Fill in each blank with the correct form of the word from the box.
Regional stadium namely spirit torch committee
support records opened competition
The 22nd Southeast Asian Games were held in Hanoi, Vietnam from 5 December - 13
December 2003. The games were (36) _________by Vietnamese prime minister Phan Van
Khai in the newly constructed My Dinh National .in Hanoi. The games (38) _________was
lit by Nguyen Thuy Hien of Wushu. It was the first time in SEAG history that the games
venues were assigned into two cities (39) _________Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City.
With the Vietnamese Government and people’s efforts and international (40)
_________. the 22nd SEA Games had become a festival that impressed people with the (41)
_________ of “solidarity, cooperation for peace and development”. The 22nd SEA Games is
not only a song of honesty and nobility in (42) _________ and organizing competition but
also a sign of a bright future for the development of (43) _________sports. The organizing
(44) _________presented 444 golds, 441 silvers and 555 bronzes to winners at the Games
where 26 (45) ________were broken.
B. Read the passage carefully, then decide whether the following statements are true
(T) or false (F).
The Southeast Asian Games (SEA Games) owes its origins to the Southeast Asian
Peninsular Games or SEAP Games. On May 22, 1958, delegates from the countries in
Southeast Asian peninsula attending the 3rd Asian Games in Tokyo, Japan had a meeting and
agreed to establish a sport organization. The proposed rationale was that a regional sports
196
event will help promote cooperation, understanding and relations among countries in the
Southeast Asian region.
Thailand, Myanmar, Malaysia, Laos, Vietnam and Cambodia (with Singapore included
thereafter) were the founding members. These countries agreed to hold the Games biennially.
The SEAP Games Federation Committee was formed.
The first SEAP Games were held in Bangkok from 12 - 17 December, 1959 comprising more
than 527 athletes and officials from Thailand, Myanmar, Malaysia, Singapore, South
Vietnam and Laos participating in 12 sports.
At the 8th SEAP Games in 1975, the SEAP Federation considered the inclusion of
Indonesia and the Philippines. The two countries were formally admitted in 1977, the same
year when SEAP Federation changed their name to Southeast Asian Games Federation
(SEAGF), and the games were known as the Southeast Asian Games. Brunei was admitted at
the 10th SEA Games in Jakarta, Indonesia, and East Timor at the 22nd SEA Games in Hanoi,
Vietnam.
46. The SEA Games is a multi-sport event held twice a year.
47. The SEA Games were originally called the Southeast Asian Peninsular Games.
48. The SEA Games were first held in Thailand in 1959.
49. All the founding members took part in the first SEAP Games.
50. The Games took its current name in 1977.
51. The 22nd SEA Games were participated by the ten nations of Southeast Asia.
IV. SPEAKING
52. “Could you bring me something to drink?” “_________. Orange juice?”
a. Yes, I can b. Sorry, I can’t c. Certainly d. Thank you
53. “You haven’t lived here long, have you?” _________ “
a. Yes, just a few days. b. No, only three months.
c. Yes, I have just moved here. d. No, I’ve lived here for a long time.
54. “May I help you, madam?” “_________.”
a. No, thanks. I’m just looking b. Yes, you may help
c. OK, that’s all right. d. No, I’m afraid not
55. "I've lost my purse!” “_________.”
a. Oh, Be careful b. That’s nothing c. You’re welcome d. Oh, What a
pity.
56. “Do you mind if I take a seat?” “_________.”
a. No, I mind b. Yes, I don’t mind
c. Yes, do as you please d. No, do as you please
V. WRITING
Choose the sentence - a, b, c or d - which is built from the cues given.
57. SEA Games/ biennial multi-sport event/ involve/participants/ 11 countries/ Southeast
Asia//
a. The SEA Games is a biennial multi-sport event involving participants' from 11
countries of Southeast Asia.
b. The SEA Games is a biennial multi-sport event involves participants from 11
c. The SEA Games is biennial multi-sport event involved participants from countries of
Southeast Asia.
d. The SEA Games is the biennial multi-sport event to involve participants from 11
58.the 22nd SEA Games / first time/ Vietnam/ host/ big event/ Games/ successful/ organize//
a. Although the 22nd SEA Games was the first time Vietnam hosted such a big sports
event, but the Games were successfully organized.
b. Although the 22nd SEA Games was the first time Vietnam hosted such a big sports
event, the Games were successfully organized.
c. The 22nd SEA Games was a first time Vietnam hosted so big a sports event; therefore
the Games were successfully organized.
d. The 22nd SEA Games was the first time Vietnam hosted so big sports event, but the
Games were successfully organized.
59. golden buffalo/ choose/ the mascot/ 22nd Sea Games//
a. The golden buffalo was chosen as the mascot for the 22 nd Sea Games.
b. The golden buffalo was chosen from the mascot of the 22 nd Sea Games.
c. The golden buffalo was chosen be the mascot in the 22nd Sea Games.
d. The golden buffalo was chosen the mascot of the 22nd Sea Games.
60. 22nd Sea Games emblem/ representation/ legendary bird/ name/ chim Lac/ decorate/
Ngoc Lu bronze drum//
a. The 22nd Sea Games emblem was the representation of a legendary bird named chim
Lac, that decorated the Ngoc Lu bronze drum.
b. The 22nd Sea Games emblem was the representation of a legendary bird named chim
Lac decorated the Ngoc Lu bronze drum.
c. The 22nd Sea Games emblem was the representation of a legendary bird named chim
Lac, which decorated the Ngoc Lu bronze drum.
d. The 221*’ Sea Games emblem was the representation of a legendary bird that was
named chim Lac to decorate the Ngoc Lu bronze drum.
TEST 2
I. PRONUNCIATION
the others.
1. a. host b. podium C. sport d. overwhelm
2. a. athletes b. enthusiast c. southeast d. northern
3. a. wrestle b. swimming c. won d. overwhelm
4. a. admiration b. amazing c. athlete d. aspect
5. a. young b. country c. south d. won
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other
6. a. enthusiast b. spectator c. composed d. title
7. a. energetic b. determine c. intensive d. surprising
8. a. organize b. festival « c. athlete d. overwhelm
9. a. solidarity b. generosity c. facilities d. international
10. a. outstanding b. excellent c. successful d. development
II. LANGUAGE FOCUS
A. Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that best completes the sentence or
11. Some teams such as table tennis, badminton, karatedo were composed_________ top
competitors in the region.
a. of b. with c. for d. in
11 _________ .January, 5th 1977, Indonesia and Philippines joined the federation.
a. In b. On c. Since d. From
13. They finished the season _________the top of the league.
a. in b. on c. at d. to
nd
14. To prepare for the 22 SEA Games, Vietnam_________ an intensive program
for its athletes.
a. carried over ' b. carried on c. carried through d. carried out
15. The South East Asian Peninsula Games Federation officially was _________in
Bangkok in 1959.
a. set up b. come out c. brought down d. put up
16. The 22nd SEA Games has become a festival that impressed people with
the _________of “solidarity, cooperation for peace and development?.
a. morale b. spirit c. essence d. sense
17. The SEA Games is a biennial multi-sport event involving participants from the current
11 countries of Southeast Asia.
a. happening once a year b. happening twice a year
c. happening once every two years d. happening once every four years.
18. Minister Thai expressed thanks to the athletes and sport teams for their_________
competition and congratulated the medal winners.
a. cut-throat b. knock-out c. close-knit d. whole-hearted
19. All activities took place as scheduled in an atmosphere of_________ and friendship
among Southeast Asian people.
a. solidarity b. determination c. admiration d. presentation
20. A spectacular art performance program with the _________of 300 musicians
and 500 artists was held to welcome the success of the Games.
a. participate b. participant c. participation d. participating
21. Thailand, Myanmar, Malaysia, Laos, Viet Nam, Cambodia and Singapore
were_________ the members of the SEA Games.
a. found b. founder c. foundation d. founded
22. Vietnamese marksman Nguyen Manh Tuong, who owned five gold medals
during the Games, was awarded the most _________athlete title.
a. outstanding b. remarkable c. significant d. admirable
23. The SEA Games is under _________of the Southeast Asian Games Federation.
a. principle b. protection c. requirement d. regulation
24. There were about 40,000_________ attending the closing ceremony at My Dinh National
Stadium.
a. observers b. onlookers c. watchers d. spectators
25. We have a(n) _________desire to win a gold medal in Southeast. Asia’s Men’s
Soccer in the 25th Sea Games.
a. intensive b. overwhelming c. urgent d. natural
26. I like my new apartment, but it_________ is away from school than my old
apartment was.
a. far b. farer
c. farther
d. more far
27. Jane looked at her book_________ before she answered the teacher’s question.
a. more thoughtful b. more and more thoughtful
c. thoughtfully d. more thoughtfully
28. He’s_________ man I’ve ever met.
a. much the stupidest b. by far the most stupid
c. far the most stupid d. a lot more stupid
29. Gasoline is _________it was a few years ago.
a. twice expensive than b. as twice expensive as
c. twice as expensive as d. as expensive as twice
30. Your English is improving considerably. It is getting .
a. good and well b. well and better c. good and better d. better and better
31. I like Betty and Maud, but I think Maud is_________-the two.
a. the nicer of b. the nicest of c. the nicest in d. the nicer in
32. Their office consisted of four rooms _________,was used as a conference room.
a. the largest b. the larger of which
c. the largest of which d. the largest of them
33. Hair color is one of_________ characteristics to be used in identifying people.
a. the most obviously b. most obvious
c. obviously the most d. the most obvious
34. Although several methods have been applied, the water seems to be_________
200
a. less and less polluted b. more and more polluted
c. more polluted than d. the more polluted
35. Vietnam is now one of_________ rivals in the Southeast Asian Games.
a. stronger b. the stronger c. the strongest d. the most strong
36. At college the work is_________ than the work we did at school, but it is much.
a. harder – more interesting b. hardest - the most interesting
c. harder — most interesting d. more hard - more interesting
37. We were disappointed as the film was_________ than we expected.
a. Entertaining b. less entertaining
c. more entertaining d. most entertaining
38. A few natural elements exist in_________ that they are rarely seen in their natural
environments.
a. so small quantities b. such small quantities
c. very small quantities d. smaller quantity
39. _____ the issue was debated, .people became involved.
a. The longer - the more b. The longest - the most
c. The longer - more and more d. The longer - the most
40. Please cut my hair the style in this magazine.
a. the same long as b. the same length like
c. the same long like d. the same length as
41. The suitcase seemed to get heavy and heavier as I carried it along the road.
A B C D
42. Because there are less members present tonight than there were last night,
A B C
we must wait until the next meeting to vote.
D
43. The Sahara Desert in Africa is by far the largest desert of the world, covering
A B C
an area nearly as big as the United States.
D
44. Many of the most nation’s important documents are stored in the National
A B C
Archives Building in Washington, D. C.
D
45. It’s a lot easy to learn a foreign language in the country where it is spoken.
A B C D
III. READING
A. Choose the word or phrase ~ a, b, c or d - that best fits the blank space in the
following passage.
Vietnam has succeeded in organizing the 22"d SEA Games and receiving the
tremendous support from its people. It richly (46)________to top the medal list by securing
150 gold medals, far (47) ________ of second-placed Thailand with 86 golds. Thailand
brought ..along the largest contingent of 937 (48) ________: 640a. ahead athletes, 218
coaches and 69 officials. Timor Leste or formerly East Timor, which was (49)
________recognized as the world’s newest democracy on 20 May 2002, sent in a token
contingent of 16 athletes and 6 coaches. As expected Timor Leste, the smallest participating
country with a population of 800,000, did not win any medals. The Philippines, as the next
(50) ________nation for the 23rd SEA Games two years hence, was placed fourth with 44
gold medals, just one ahead of Malaysia. Singapore was stuck in the middle with 29 golds
(51) ________ the 11 participating countries. Indonesia, as the most populous country in
Southeast Asia with more than 150 million people, (52) ________in third with 53 gold
medals. The closing (53) _________was as impressive and as colourful as the opening. It
combined the modern and the traditional. There were laser beams shooting about in the huge
and crowded (54) ________. People were full of (55) ________and they exuded a pleasant
sense of joy and jubilation.
46. a. justified b. deserved c. rewarded d. admired
47. a. ahead b. behind c. forward d. front
48. a. countrymen b. spectators c. delegates d. sportsmen
49. a. nation b. national c. nationally d. internationally
50. a. member b. participating c. guest d. host
51. a. between b. in c. among d. for
52. a. came b. went c. ran d. took
53. a. celebration b. ceremony c. anniversary d. festivity
54. a. stadium b. podium c. institute d. organization
55. a. expect b. expectant c. expectating d. expectancy
Myanmar hosted the 27th Southeast Asian Games from 11 to 22 December 2013,
marking the third time the country has hosted the games and its first time doing so in 44
years. The SEA games is a biennial multi-sport event with participants from the 10 ASEAN
countries - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines,
Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam - plus Timor-Leste. The theme for this year’s games was
“Clean, Green, and Friendship.”
The official mascot of the 2013 Southeast Asian Games is a couple of owls which are
considered lucky charms in Myanmar tradition. The owl as official mascot of Myanmar SEA
Games 2013 has a personality: wise, calm, lucky, loyal, and friendly. The personality of an
owl is expected to bring forth cooperation, friendship, and better’ understanding among the
participating countries.
Myanmar hosted 37 sports, less than the number of sport in 2011 Southeast Asian
Games in Indonesia. Organizers did not nominate the sports of beach volleyball and dance
sports, because they considered those uniforms unsuitable for Burmese women. Tennis and
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Gymnastics, are Olympic sports were not played in December. In this edition of the Games,
floorball was also contested as a demonstration sport.
56. The second time Myanmar hosted the Southeast Asian Games was in_________.
a. 1961. b. 1969 c. 1977 d. 2013
57. What was the concept of the 27th SEA Games 2013?
a. Cooperation, Friendship, and Understanding
b. Solidarity, Friendship, and Nobility
c. Friendship, Fair play, and Peace
d. Clean, Green, and Friendship
58. The owl was chosen as the official mascot because________.
a. it is the national bird of Myanmar
b. it has a strong personality
c. in Myanmar, it is believed to bring good luck
d. it represents wisdom and knowledge
59. Which sport was played in the 27th SEA Games?
a. Wushu b. Tennis c. Gymnastics d. Beach Voleyball
60. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
a. So far, Myanmar has hosted the SEA Games three times.
b. There were 10 countries participating in the 2013 SEA Games.
c. There were more sports competed in the 26th SEA Games than in the 27th SEA
Games.
d. Floorball was played as a demonstration sport at the 27th SEA Games.
IV. WRITING
From the words or phrases - a, b, c or d-choose the one that best completes the
sentences.
61 ., she usually spends her time talking, about old times.
a. As most elderly people b. Alike most elderly people
c. Like most elderly people d. Same as most of the elderly people
62. The greater the number of bacteria attacking the system, ________.
a. the sooner treatment must be begun
b. sooner must begin treatment
c. begin treatment as soon as possible
d. must begin treatment sooner
63. The woman was so beautiful________.
a. that I couldn’t help looking at b. that I couldn’t help looking at her
c. for me to look at d. for me looking at her
64. The facilities of the older hospital________ .
a. are as good or better than the new hospital
b. are as good or better than those of the new hospital
c. are as good as or better than the new hospital
d. are as good as or better than those of the new hospital
65. The more you talk about the situation, ________.
a. it seems the worse b. the worse it seems
c. it seems worse. d. the worse does it seems
204
UNIT 14: INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
I. Put the following words into the right categories according to how the letter(s) in bold
is pronounced.
society national sign assure president
disaster dedicated convention cross tsunami
civilians initiative floods mission washed
natural medical earthquakes emergency passenger
activity official result hesitate research
established constitute potential children charity
expression situation surely possession suggestion
adopts epidemics sign musician assure conference nations
/s/ _______________________________________________________________________
/z/ _______________________________________________________________________
/k/ _______________________________________________________________________
/f/_______________________________________________________________________
II. Complete each of the sentences with an aprropriate verb from the box.
appalled dedicated mount up washed away encouraged
adopted inspired hesitated appealing initiated
1. He________ all his life to helping the poor and the lonely.
2. Most people think that volunteer work should be________ more in our communities.
3. The government has________ a program of economic reform since last year.
4. They are now________ for funds to help the cities hit by the earthquake.
5. She was________ to hear that her husband had been arrested.
6. The famous symbol of the Red Cross, the white flag bearing a red cross, was________
in 1964.
7. Prices continue to________, leading to inflation and reducing purchasing power.
8. The foundation of International Red Cross was________ by a Swiss businessman, Henry
Dunant.
9. The whole village was________ by the floods in 1997.
10. He ________for a moment, and then knocked on the door.
III. Fill in each blank with correct form of the word in brackets.
1. Even with pain killers, his________ eventually became overwhelming, (suffer)
2. CARE is a leading ________ organization fighting global poverty, (human)
3. It takes a lot of hard work and ________ to be successful, (dedicate)
4. ________, I found city life incredibly difficult but now I'm used to it. (initiate)
5. Doctors are ________ to comment on the new treatment, (hesitate)
6. Your table manners are ________ don't you know how to use a knife and fork? (appal)
7. He ________ that the UN should set up an emergency centre for the environment,
(proposal)
8. The organisation’s ________ is to create a world where people live in harmony with
nature, (object)
9. 15 observers and civilian police went to help ________ a ceasefire,(force)
10. Scientists worry that climate change will have a ________ effect on the planet,
(catastrophe)
IV. A says something and B replies. Which goes with which?
A B
1. I’ve made a mistake on this form. a. No problem. I can fix it up.
2. I’m too warm with my coat on. b. Kate pointed it out.
3. This jacket looks nice. c. That’s OK Just cross it out and correct it.
4. My phone number is 579620. d. Yes, why don’t you try it on.
5. What’s 45 euros in dollars? e. OK, I won’t bring it up.
6. How did you find the mistake? f. Just a moment. I’ll write it down.
7. I’m not sure whether to accept their offer or g. Why don’t you take it off then?
not.
8. I need a place to stay when I’m in London h. You can look it up.
9. It’s a subject he doesn’t like to talk about. i. I think you should turn it down.
10. I don’t know what this word means. j. j. Give me a moment to work it out
V. Complete the following sentences with the correct particles or the correct form of
the verbs given.
verbs: make, take (2), look, carry, dip, put
particles: up, down (2), out, on, over (2), off, in
1. Now, don’t let us ________. We’re counting on you to cook something really special for
the party this Saturday.
2. ________ out! You nearly knocked my cup out of my hand.
3. Giving ________ my job to go and live abroad turned ________ to be the biggest
mistake I’ve ever made.
4. He ________ up some story about catching the wrong train to explain his lateness.
5. If you want-to lose weight, you should cut ________ on amount of dairy, products you
eat.
6. Modern computers are capable of ________ out the most complex operations in micro-
seconds.
7. It’s no the sort of book you’d want to read from cover to cover but it’s quite
interesting to ; into ________ now and then.
8. Jimmy, ______ on your coat before you go out.
9. The gas supply was cut ________ for about four hours as they had to repair
some leaking pipes.
10. Toby’s getting ________ really well at his new job. He’s already been
promoted twice.
206
11. Look ________ your paper for errors before you hand it.
12. He ________after his mother; he has blue eyes and fair hair too.
13. She got ________ the problem of lack of time by hiring a house-cleaner..
14. He asked them to put ________ their cigarettes as he is allergic to smoke.
15. It was warm inside, so I ________ off my jacket
VI. Replace the underlined words by the correct form of the phrasal verbs from the
box.
Break down talk over give up get over turn down tear down find out
put out hand in call off go on put off make up go off torn up
1. The football match had to be cancelled because of the weather.
2. The story Kate told wasn’t true. She invented it.
3. A bomb exploded near the station, but no one was injured.
4. How long are you going to continue working?
5. George finally arrived nearly an hour late.
6. How could you refuse such a fantastic job?
7. A number of buildings are going to be demolished to make way for the new road.
8. We’ll have to postpone the meeting until next month.
9. Sue recovered her cold and returned to work.
10. All term papers must be submitted by Tuesday.
11. For the sake of your health, you ought to stop alcohol.
12. Teachers should encourage kids to discover things for themselves.
13. I’m afraid the machine has stopped working.
14. We extinguished the campfire before we left.
15. We need to fully discuss the situation.
VII. Complete the sentences. Use one word each time.
1. I had the flu, but I ________ over it a couple of days ago.
2. It was only a small fire and I managed to ________ it out with a bucket of water.
3. The doctors there are very good, and I’m sure you’ll be well ________ after.
4. I was talking to the woman sitting next to me on the plane, and it ________
out that she works for the same company as my brother.
5. ‘Do you know what happened?’ ‘Not yet, but I’m going to ________ out.’
6. There’s no need to. get angry. ________ down!
7. If you’re going on a long walk, plan your route carefully before you ________ off.
8. You’ve written my name wrong. It’s Martin, not Marin – you ________ out the T.
9. Come and see us more often. You must ________ in any time you like.
10. My alarm clock ________ off in the middle of the night and me up.
VIII. In the following sentences add a particle to complete the phrasal verb and an
appropriate object pronoun [it, me, them, etc. ) in the correct place - either before or
after the particle.
1. OK, you read out the phone numbers and I’ll jot ________.
2. That cheese in the fridge had gone off so I threw ________ .
3. He doesn’t look like his father much but he takes ________ in the way he behaves.
4. Their company has gone bankrupt and they only set ________two years ago!
5. Look, don’t keep complaining to me about it. If your steak is underdone, Send ________!
6. Did you believe that story about a long-lost brother? -No, not a word of it.
I’m sure she was making ________.
7. You don’t have to give me an answer right now. Think ________ for a few days before
you decide.
8. The form was so complicated that she had to ask her accountant to fill ________
for her.
9. I still don’t understand this word and I’ve just looked _______________ in the
dictionary.
10. Nina fainted in the heat and we had to bring ________with smelling salts.
11. You can borrow this book, but you must promise to look ________ .
12. Don’t make up your mind at once; talk ________ with your lawyer first.
IX. Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the
sentence printed before it.
1. Compared with their counterparts 20 years ago, the highly educated now
receive vastly higher salaries.
The highly educated now
_____________________________________________________.
2. I know this reporter’s background well and he’s 100% honest.
This reporter,
_______________________________________________________________.
3. If you want to save your eyesight, we must operate immediately.
Only by ___________________________________________________________________.
4. The workers do not intend to call off their strike.
The workers have;'.
5. ‘Is it or is it not true that you have been misappropriating company funds?’ the manager
asked the accountant.
The manager wanted _________________________________________________________.
6. Someone rang the alarm as soon as the burglars left the building.
No sooner _________________________________________________________________.
7. The cost of living has gone up considerably in the last few years.
There has been a
____________________________________________________________.
8. It was overeating that caused his heart attack.
If ________________________________________________________________________.
9. People say he was once in the French Foreign Legion.
He _______________________________________________________________________.
10. After fighting the fire for twelve hours the firemen succeeded in extinguishing it.
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The firemen managed to put ___________________________________________________.
TEST 1
I. PRONUNCIATION
others.
1.a. disaster b. appall c. wartime d. quarter
2.a. mount b. wounded c. found d. without
3.a. appeal b. treatment c. peace d. bearing
4. a. mission b. result c. disaster d. hesitation
5. a. wounded b. dedicated c. appealed d. adopted
II. LANGUAGE FOCUS
6. They are appealing ________ local business for sponsorship money.
a. in b. at c. on d. to
7. The Red Cross is aimed ________ providing medical aid and other help to victims of
natural disasters.
a. in b. at c. to d. for
8. WHO ’s main activities are carrying out research ________ medical development and
improving health care.
a. on b. in c. for d. of
9. They have launched a(n) ________ to send food to the flood victims.
a. aid b. proposal c. appeal d. attraction
10. The British government has now suspended ________ aid to the area.
a. human b. humane c. humanistic d. humanitarian
11. The ________ for founding the Red Cross came from a Swiss called Jean Henri Dunant.
a. research b. invention c. initiative d. inspiration
12. The Red Cross provides relief in case of ________ such as floods, earthquakes, and
hurricanes.
a. challenges b. disasters c. commodities d. disadvantages
13. Protests died down when they realized that the new tax ________ to only 50p
a week.
a. added b. reached c. approached d. amounted
14. In many parts of the world, crop failure means ________ , which leads to the death of
a. drought b. epidemic c. famine d. flood
15. I’m just as ________ as you are to make this company successful.
a. dedicated b. serious c. willful d. determined
B. Choose the one word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that best completes the sentences or
has the closest meaning to the underlined part.
16. You made me disappointed. I’d like you did not ________ me down anymore.
a. get b. let c. look d. tear
17. We had to cheer her ________ after the company turned ________ her application.
a. in – over b. on - out c. up – down d. off - on
18. I ran into my old friend when I was on my way home from work,
a. collected b. phoned c. crashed d. met
19. “To give someone a ring” is to ________ .
a. call him up b. marry him c. tie him down d. pick him up
20. Never postpone till tomorrow what you can do today.
a. take over b. put off c. call off d. turn down
21. Let’s wait here for her; I’m sure she’ll turn up before long.
a. return b. visit c. arrive d. enter
22. When it started to snow he ________ his overcoat
a. turned over b. got in c. took off d. put on
23. You need more exercise; you should ________ golf.
a. take up b. look over c. keep on d. carry out
24. The firemen fought for three hours before they managed to ________ the fire.
a. give up b. put out c. break off d. cut back
25. Although they are poor, they have ________ five children well.
a. grown up b. taken up c. brought up d. pulled up
26. We called off the picnic due to the bad weather.
a. postponed b. cancelled c. changed d. took
27. When they ________ for the beach, the sun was shining, but by the time they
arrived it had clouded over.
a. set off b. went on c. left out d. moved up
28. When the lights ________ we couldn’t see a thing.
a. lit up b. switched of c. went out d. turned down
29. He ________ the boys for making so much noise.
a. brought up b. put down c. took back d. told off
30. If we want to buy a house, we’ll have to ________ our spending.
a. care for b. cut back c. let down d. miss out
31. Instead of calling off the meeting, maybe we can just put it over until next month.
A B C D
32. If you don’t know the meaning of a word, you can look up it in a dictionary.
A B C D
33. I wrote a letter of complaint and the airline has promised to look the matter
into.
A B C D
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34. I know I let Andy down when I forgot picking his suit up from the dry cleaner’s.
A B C D
35. They have set up a research project to investigating the harmful effects of
A B C D
air pollution.
III. READING
campaigns task eradicated outbreaks
agency diseases discourage against
Established on 7 April 1948, the World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized (36)
________of the United Nations (UN) that acts as a coordinating authority on international
public health. Its major (37) ________ is to combat disease, especially key infectious
diseases, and to promote the general health of the people of the world.
As well as coordinating international efforts to monitor (38) ________ of infectious
diseases, such as SARS, malaria, and AIDS, the WHO also sponsors programs to prevent and
treat such (39) ________. The WHO supports the development and distribution of safe and
effective vaccines, pharmaceutical diagnostics, and drugs. After over 2 decades of fighting
smallpox, the WHO declared in 1980 that the disease had been (40) ________- the first
disease in history to be eliminated by human effort. The WHO is nearing success in
developing vaccines (41) ________ malaria and schistosomiasis and aims to eradicate polio
within the next few years.
In addition to its work in eradicating disease, the WHO also carries out various health-
related (42) ________- for example, to boost the consumption of fruits and vegetables
worldwide and to (43) ________tobacco use.
B. Read the passage carefully, decide whether the following statements are true (T) or
false (F), and then answer the questions.
The United Nations Children’s Fund or UNICEF was created by the United Nations
General Assembly on December 11, 1946,, to provide emergency food and healthcare to
children in countries that had been devastated by World War In 1953, UNICEF became a
permanent part of the United Nations System and its name was shortened from the original
United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund but it has continued to be known by
the popular acronym based on this old name. Headquartered in New York City, UNICEF
provides long-term humanitarian and developmental assistance to children and mothers in
developing countries.
UNICEF relies on contributions from governments and private donors and UNICEF’s
total income for 2006 was $2,781,000,000. Governments contribute two thirds of the
organization’s resources; private groups and some 6 million individuals contribute the rest
through the National Committees.
UNICEF is currently focused on five main priorities: Child Survival and Development
Basic Education and Gender Equality (including girls’ education), Child protection from
violence, exploitation, and abuse, HIV/AIDS and children, and Policy advocacy and
partnerships for children’s rights. Related areas of UNICEF action include early childhood
development* adolescence development and participation, life skills based education and
child rights all over the world. UNICEF’s programs emphasize developing community-level
services to promote the health and well-being of children. UNICEF was awarded the Nobel
Peace Prize in 1965 and the Prince of Asturias Award of Concord in 2006.
True or false?
44. UNICEF is a part of the United Nations.
45. UNICEF was originally named The United Nations Children’s Fund.
46. UNICEF works for the survival, protection and development of all children worldwide.
47. UNICEF is a voluntarily funded agency.
48. The National Committees collectively raise around two-thirds of UNICEF’s annual
income.
49. What are the UNICEF’s five main priorities?
50. Where are the UNICEF main offices?
IV. WRITING
sentences..
51. Glass that has been tempered may be up to________.
a. as hard as ordinary glass five times b. five times as hard as ordinary glass
c. hard as ordinary glass five times d. ordinary glass as hard as five times
52 ________, I would never have believed it.
a. If you didn’t tell me b. Since you hadn’t told me
c. Had you not told me d. Unless you told me
53. Tell me where________. Which hairdresser?
a. did you have your hair cut b. have you cut your hair
c. you cut your hair d. you had your hair cut
54 .to speak to him, but she also vowed never to see him again.
a. Even though she refused b. She refused
c. Not only did she refuse d. Hardly did she refuse
55. I’d advise ________to travel in August.
a. buying your tickets well in advance so that you can
b. to buy your tickets well in advance in order
c. you to buy your tickets well in advance in order that
d. buying your tickets well in advance if you want
TEST 2
I. PRONUNCIATION
the others.
1. a. vulnerable b. struggle c. volunteer d. suffering
2. a. adopt b. poverty c. colleagues d. society
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3. a. initiate b. catastrophe c. hesitate d. wartime
4. a. stricken b. inspiration c. disaster d. epidemic
5. a. agency b. society c. civilian d. official
6. a. dedicated b. vulnerable c. catastrophe d. conference
7. a. epidemic b. disaster c. appeal d. initiate
8. a. hesitate b. civilian c. famine d. delegates
9. a. federation b. volunteers c. humanitarian d. disadvantage
10. a. advocate b. appalling c. temporary d. poverty
II. LANGUAGE FOCUS
A. Choose the word or phrase - at b, c or d - that best completes the sentence or
11. Her life was devoted ________the relief of suffering.
a. for b. in c. on d. to
12. An international medical conference initiated by Davidson resulted________ the birth of
the League of Red Cross Societies.
a. in b. of c. from d. for
13. The WHO was established ________7 April 1948.
a. in b. on c. since d. from
14. WHO’s objective, as set________ in its Constitution, is the attainment by all people of
the highest possible level of health.
a. over b. off c. out d. down
15. The WHO is a specialized ________of the United Nations (UN) that acts as a
coordinating authority on international public health.
a. agency b. society c. corporation d. colony
16. The first UN________ on the Human Environment was held in Stockholm,
Sweden in June 1972.
a. Committee b. Federation c. Council d. Conference
17. The United Nations ________ a golden rectangled building in New York City.
a. headcenters b. headquarters c. headships d. headlands
18. The WHO is financed by________ from member states and from donors.
a. contributing b. contributors c. contributions d.
contributory
19. UNICEF’s________ is to provide special protection for the most disadvantaged children.
a. mission b. chore c. experience d. assignment
20. A ________funded agency, UNICEF relies on contributions from governments
and private donors.
a. voluntary b. involuntary c. voluntarily d. involuntarily
21. UNICEF’s aim is to get more girls and boys into school, ensure that they are equipped
with the basic tools they need to succeed in later life.
a. direction b. proposal c. ambition d. objective
22. An influenza A (H1N1) ________broke out in April, 2009.
a. disaster b. epidemic c. famine d. virus
23. She was appalled to hear that her husband had been arrested.
a. shocked b. surprised c. offended d. unpleasant
24. The WHO ________research on whether the electromagnetic field surrounding
cell phones has a negative influence on health.
a. demonstrates b. indicates c. conducts d. reveals
25. Help and supports are rapidly sent to wherever there are victims of catastrophe,
a. epidemic b. destruction c. misfortune d. disaster
B. Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that best completes the sentences or has
the closest meaning to the underlined part.
26. As the managing director dictated the letter, his secretary ________what he was saying
in shorthand. 1
a. filled out b. took down c. set up d. put off
27. This morning traffic was held ________by an accident outside the town hall.
a. off b. out c. up d. in
28. The Earth’s natural resources are being ________at an increasing rate due to the world’s
population growth.
a. ended up b. thrown away c. cut off d. used up
29. Police authorities say they will look into the matter.
a. investigate b. discuss c. inform d. pay attention
30. ‘Have you met Henry recently?’ ‘Yes, I ________While I was in Paris.
a. ran him into b. ran into him c. ran him down d. ran down him
31. The government has________ an inquiry to investigate bribery in local elections.
a. set up b. set to c. set out d. set about
32. The letters UNESCO stands for United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization.
a. replaces b. supports c. represents d. signs
33. He took the car to his nearest garage so that a mechanic could________
a. look it up b. look after it c. look it round d. look at it
34. He was arrested after________ computer networks in several states.
a. breaking out b. breaking into c. breaking down d. breaking for
35. Army had fainted, but we managed to________ with water from cold tap.
a. bring her round b. call her back c. lay her down d. clear her out
36. Betty is really pretty. Does she take after her mother?
a. care for b. love c. resemble d. recognize
37. There was a sign, but I couldn’t ________what it said.
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a. hand on b. look up c. make out d. see off
38. Armed terrorists are reported to have taken ________the Embassy.
a. Up b. over c. away. d. into
39. They turned down my proposal, which made me upset.
a. Refused b. agreed c. accepted d. submited
40. The shoes felt too tight, so I took ________and tried a larger size,
a. away them b. off them c. them away d. them off
41. From that time on, more and more of the land was turned over to sugarcane
A B C
product.
D
42. She wouldn’t let in me on the secret, however hard I tried to persuade her.
A B C D
43. Should children received early injections against diseases, they might
A B C
have a lower risk of infection in late preschool and early school age.
D
44. The UN was found in 1945 to replace the League of Nations, to stop
A B
wars between nations and to provide a platform for dialogue.
C D
45. Experts have estimated that termites cause as much property damage
A B C
every year as fire has.
D
following passage.
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) is a (46)
________ agency of the United Nations established on November 16, 1945. Its stated (47)
________is to contribute to peace and security by promoting international collaboration (48)
________education, science, and culture in order to further universal respect for justice, the
rule of law, and the human rights an fundamental freedoms proclaimed in the UN (49)
________. It is the heir of the
League of Nations’ International Commission on Intellectual Cooperation. UNESCO has
193 Member States and 6 Associate Members. The organization is (50) ________in Paris,
with over 50 field offices and many specialized institutes and centres throughout the world.
Most of the field offices are “cluster” offices (51) ________three or more countries; there are
also national and regional offices.
UNESCO pursues its objectives through five major (52) ________: education, natural
sciences, social and human sciences, culture, and communication and information.
Projects (53) ________.by UNESCO include literacy, technical, and teacher-training
programmes; international science programmes; the promotion of independent media and
freedom of the press; regional and cultural history projects, the promotion of cultural
(54)international cooperation agreements to (55) ________ the .world cultural and natural
heritage (World Heritage Sites) and to preserve human rights.
46. a. special b. specially c. specialty d. specialized
47. a. objective b. direction c. strategy d. policy
48. a. under b. through c. over d. besides
49. a. Members b. Agency c. Charter d. Headquaters
50. a. lain b. replaced c. occupied d. based
51. a. covering b. spreading c. extending d. expanding
52. a. subjects b. programmes c. principles d. regulations
53. a. supplied b. conceived c. sponsored d. inspired
54. a. diverse b. diversify c. diversification d. diversity
55. a. secure b. retain c. reserve d. enforce
The World Trade Organization (WTO) has 150 member countries. They are looking to
improve trade. The goal of the WTO is to make trade grow by removing legal barriers
between countries.
The WTO helps trade in several ways. First, it asks countries to treat each other equally.
They should not give special trade deals to one country and not to another. Also, these
countries should not try to stop foreign products from any one country. The idea is that goods
and services should be able to cross borders easily. A second way to improve trade is to lower
tariffs. These are special taxes for things bought and sold. A third way to strengthen trade is
to make sure that the rulers will stay the same. In order for people to invest their money, they
need to feel secure for the future. A fourth way is to allow greater competition .between
countries. The central belief is that competition makes for a stronger economy. The last way
to improve trade is help countries that are poor. They need help coming up to the level of
modern countries. They can be helped by allowing them extra time to get their systems in
order. They can be given priority in making deals with other countries,
Free and easy trade is the WTO’s goal. It supports rich countries and help poor countries to
get ahead. Every year, more countries apply to be in the WTO.
56. According to the passage, all of the following are true EXCEPT.
a. The WTO, creates barriers to free trade
b. The WTO wants to improve trade by lowering taxes
c. The WTO wants to make trade better
d. The WTO asks countries to treat each other equally
57. It can be inferred from the passage that.
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a. the WTO helps remove political barriers between countries
b. the WTO is a multi-national organization
c. the WTO’s goal is to trade with other organizations
d. the WTO promote trade with developed countries
58. The word “tariffs” in the passage is closest in meaning to.
a. incomes b. goods c. taxes d. expenses
59. Paragraph 2 lists the ways in which the WTO helps trade. How many ways are
mentioned?
a. 6 b. 5 c. 3 d. 4
60. Which of the following is NOT true?
a. The goal of the WTO is to promote free and easy trade
b. The WTO helps poor countries make progress
c. Poor countries are given priority in making deals with other countries.
d. Few, countries want to become a member of the WTO
V. WRITING
61. She was just as good as they had thought
a. She quite definitely came up to their expectations.
b. She was better than they had expected.
c. Contrary to their expectation, she was very good to them.
d. She was worse than they had thought
62. Their problems are all self-inflicted.
a. All of their problems are well worth considering.
b. They don’t cause their own problems.
c. They are thinking carefully about their problems.
d. Their problems are of their own making.
63. At no time did the two sides look likely to reach an agreement
a. The two sides had no time to reach an agreement
b. The two sides never looked likely to reach an agreement
c. If the two sides had had more time, they would have reached an agreement.
d. The two sides would never like to reach an agreement
64. The students did not take to their new lecturer.
a. The students didn’t understand what the new lecturer said.
b. The new lecturer didn’t take care of his students.
c. The new lecturer was unpopular with his students.
d. The students didn’t follow the new lecturer.
65. The movie bears little resemblance to the original novel.
a. The movie is very similar to the original novel.
b. The movie is quite different from the original novel.
c. The movie and the original novel resemble in many ways.
d. The movie and the original novel differ in some ways.
TEST YOURSELF
the others.
1. a. synchronized b. cycling c. typhoon d. psychology
2. a. honest b. honour c. hesitate d. exhaust
3. a. aims b. opponents c. epidemics d. caps
II. Choose the word that has the main stress placed differently from that of the others.
4. a. enthusiasm b. spectator c. epidemic d. catastrophe
5. a. volunteer b. conference c. vulnerable d. temporary
III. Choose one word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that best completes the sentence.
6. It’s late. How much longer are you going to go ________working?
a. Along b. on c. through d. with
7. I’m surprised ________the amount of traffic today. I didn’t think it would be so busy.
a. With b. to c. about d. at
8. She was so fed ________the noise that she stent the children to bed.
a. back to b. off with c. be for d. up with
9. The water company will have to ________water supplies while repairs to the pipes are
carried out.
a. cut off b. take off c. break off d. set off
10. My work is getting________. I cannot cope with it.
a. hard and hard b. harder and harder
c. harder and hardest d. more and more hardly
11. “________” “That sounds like fun.”
a. What about dinner tonight? b. Thank you for that amazing dinner,
c. Would you mind cooking dinner? d. Please cook dinner tonight.
12. The World Bank has criticized Britain for not giving________ to developing countries.
a. financial aid enough b. financial enough aid
c. enough aid financial d. enough financial aid
13. Samuel wasn’t tired, ________he hadn’t slept for a very long time.
a. Though b. however c. therefor d. since
14. The Ebola________ in West Africa has now killed more than 8,000 people according to
WHO.
a. Outcome b. outset c. outbreak d. outburst
15. The director recommended that Kenichi ________ to the New York office,
a. is transferred b. be transferred c. transferring d. to transfer
16. The organization has grown enormously since its________ in 1955.
a. Succession b. foundation c. contribution d. adoption
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17. WHO________ World Health Organization.
a. shortens to b. summarizes in c. symbolizes on d. stands for
18.__________tilted toward the sun, the more heat it receives and the hotter it is.
a. As much as the earth is b. The more the earth is
c. The earth is more d. The earth is more and more
19. Tom didn't believe a word she said, and ________did the police.
a too b. so c. either d. neither
20. “Could you mail this letter for me?” “________
a. All right. b. Never mind. c. I’d love to. d. With pleasure.
IV. Give the correct form or tense of the verbs in brackets.
21. According to our teacher, all of our compositions must________ (write) in ink.
22. I must have my TV set________ (repair). Do you happen________ (know) how much
they charge of repairing this particular model?
23. It’s very cold in here. Would you mind if I________ (turn) on the heating?
24. Most of the people in the town ________ (sleep) when an earthquake________(occur)
last night.
25. The number of international students going to U.S. colleges________ (rise) steadily over
the last many years.
26. The Malvern Hills have provided ____________for many artists and musicians over the
decades. (inspire)
27. Mel Gibson’s central in the film as Hamlet, ________ (perform)
28 ________ .swimming is an amazing way to build strength, flexibility
and confidence, (synchronize)
29. Morphine is often used before or after surgery to ________ severe pain, (relief)
30. The elderly tourists do not find the thought of climbing the hill________ (appeal)
VI. Identify the one underlined word or phrase - A, B, C or D - that must be changed
31. By 2050 China’s econony may be nearly twice larger than the US economy.
A B C D
32. Although smokers are aware that smoking is harmful to their health, they
A B C
can’t get rid it.
D
33. The students have discovered that they can address issues more effectively
A B
through letter-writing campaigns and not through public demonstrations.
C D
34. The board reviewing the courses found that the quality of academic programs
A B
were generally good but somewhat uneven.
C D
35. The other delegates and him immediately accepted the resolution drafted
A B C D
by the neutral states.
VII. Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that best fits the blank space in the
following passage.
Doctors Without Borders or Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF) is an independent
international medical (36) ________ organisation that delivers emergency aid in more than
65 countries to people (37) ________by armed conflict, epidemics, natural or man-made
disasters or exclusion from healthcare.
MSF was founded in Paris, France in 1971. It is a (38) ________, self-governed
organization. (39) ________ an independent and self-directed organization, MSF’s actions
are guided by medical (39) _________ and the principles of neutrality and impartiality. This
means that MSF offers assistance to people based only (40) ________need and irrespective
of race, religion, gender or political affiliation.
Today, MSF is a worldwide movement of 23 associations, bound (42) ________as MSF
International, based in Switzerland. Thousands of health (43) ________, logistical and
administrative staff - most of (44) ________are hired locally – work on programmes in some
70 countries (45) ________.
36. a. humane b. humanitarian c. humanistic d. humanity
37. a. affected b. suffered c. experienced d. controlled
38. a. national b. commercial c. profit-making d. non-profit
39. a. While b. Since c. As d. Due to
40. a. beliefs b. ethics c. regulations d. rules
41. a. on b. in c. at d. for
42. a. over b. up c. together d. forward
43. a. cares b. needs c. problems d. professionals
44. a. which b. whom c. that d. them
45. a. worldwide b. worldly c. widely d. extensively
As swimming became a popular recreation in England during the 1860s and 1870s,
several water sports developed, roughly patterned after land sports. Among them were water
football (or soccer), water rugby, water handball, and water polo, in which players rode on
floating barrels, painted to look like horses, and struck the ball with a stick. Water rugby
became the most popular of these sports, but somehow the water polo name became attached
to it, and it’s been attached ever since.
As played in England, the object of the game was for a player to touch the ball, with
both hands, at the goal end of the pool. The goaltender stood on the pool deck, ready to dive
on any opponent who was about to score. Water polo quickly became a very rough sport,
220
filled with underwater fights away from the ball, and it wasn’t unusual for players to pass out
for lack of air.
In 1877, the sport was tamed in Scotland by the addition of goalposts. The Scots also
replaced the original small, hard rubber ball with a soccer ball and adopted rules that
prohibited taking the ball under the surface or “tackling” a player unless he had the ball.
The Scottish game, which emphasized swimming speed, passing, and team work, spread to
England during the early 1880s, to Hungary in 1889, to Austria and Germany in 1894, to
France in 1895, and to Belgium in 1900. Water polo was the first team sport added to the
Olympic program, in 1900.
46. What is the topic of this passage?
a. The history of water polo. b. The development of water sports,
c. The popularity of water rugby. d. The first water polo rules.
47. According to the passage, water polo________.
a. has its original name water rugby b. is only popular in Europe
c. is a very hazardous water sport d. is a Scottish game
48. It can be inferred from the passage that at the beginning________.
a. there were no rules applied to the game
b. the game was played mostly at the end of the pool
c. players couldn’t take the ball under the surface
d. there Were no goals scored in the game.
49. The word ‘tackling’ in the third paragraph means________.
a. attacking b. challenging c. stopping d. grabbing
a. Water polo has its origins in England.
b. Water polo that was played at the beginning bore almost resemblance with today’s
water polo.
c. The first water polo rules were set out in 1877 in Scotland.
d. By the end of the 19th century water polo became popular in Europe.
51. Romantic novels are generally looked down on by serious literary scholars.
a. Serious literary scholars always criticize romantic novels.
b. Serious literary scholars are interested in romantic novels.
c. Serious literary scholars never read romantic novels.
d. Serious literary scholars usually think that romantic novels is not very good.
52. John was earning much less in his previous job than he is now.
a. John is earning more in his current job.
b. John is earning less in his current job.
c. John has a higher salary in his previous job.
d. John’s previous job brought him as much money as his current one.
53. Scientists say forests are being destroyed by air pollution.
a. Forests account for air pollution
b. Scientists assure that there’s much pollution in the forests.
c. Scientists blame air pollution for the destruction of forests.
d. Scientists say there’s a high risk of air pollution from destroying the forests.
X. From the words or phrases - a, b, c or d- choose the one that best completes the
sentences.
54. It was not until the students were seated________ he had the wrong test booklets.
a. that the proctor realized b. when the proctor realized
c. as soon as the proctor realized d. and the proctor realized
55. Although topology is the youngest branch of geometry, ________ .
a. but it is considered the most sophisticated
b. so it is considered the most sophisticated
c. it is considered the most sophisticated
d. for it is considered the most sophisticated
UNIT 15: WOMEN IN SOCIETY

I. Which word has the main stress on the second syllable?
1. a. woman b. society c. cultural d. civilization
2. a. advocate b. childbearing c. discriminate d. intellectual
3. a. pioneer b. nonsense c. struggle d. neglect
4. a. political b. economic c. educative d. opportunity
5. a. legal b. limit c. deny d. vary
6. a. recognize b. significant c. individual d. agricultural
7. a. enlightenment b. period c. education d. recognition
8. a. power b. politics c. control d. volunteer
9. a. sympathetic b. property c. responsibility d. philosopher
10. a. equal b. throughout c. argue d! female
II. Fill in each blank with an appropriate word from the box.
advocate discriminate civilization deep-seated childbearing
involvement potential intellectual equality status
1. The project needs full ________from all members of the group.
2. The women are demanding true ________with the men in the company.
3. He claims he was racially ________against when he applied for the job.
4. Signing for a top club would enable him to fulfil his true________
5. Heart specialists strongly low ________cholesterol diets.
6. Doctors have traditionally enjoyed high social________.
7. ________is the process of being pregnant and giving birth to children.
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8. Education stimulates the ________development of children.
9. Many people in the community have a ________distrust of the police.
10. Art and music are among the great products of human________.
III. Complete the passage with the correct form of the word in brackets.
Throughout history, women have had (1) ________ (responsible) for healing the sick.
However, it is only in (2) ________ (compare) recent times that they have been allowed to
train as doctors at (3) ________ (medicine) schools in Britain. Yet in that short time, they
have made an enormous (4) ________ (contribute) to modern medicine. The first female
doctors were priestesses who gave advice about diseases and (5) ________(injure)and
prepared medicines. In ancient Rome, women healers were considered (6) ________ (skill)
and respected.
In Britain, for centuries male doctors were (7) ________ (suspect) of women who
practiced medicine (8) ________;(profession) and in 1512 a law was passed making it (9)
________ (legal) for them to do so. Women couldn’t study medicine at universities until the
19th century and they only began to gain (10) ________ (equal) with male doctors in the 20 th
century.
IV. Match the responses in column A to the sentences in column B.
A B.
1. I don’t really want to, but I’ve promised a. Couldn’t you cut down on it?
to help. b. You can’t get out of it now.
2. We’re going to Turkey on holiday. c. I thought it would come down to cost in
3. I’m fed up with her rudeness. the end.
4. We’ve no food in the house. d. Everyone comes up against difficulties
5. I suppose I eat too much fat. sooner or later.
6. I haven’t been getting enough sleep. e. You won’t get away with it in the long
run.
7. The real difficulty is it’s so expensive.
f. You’re always running out of things.
8. I never pay any income tax.
g. I don’t know why you put up with it.
9. Robert’s studying law.
h. You must be looking forward to that.
10. I’ve got a terrible problem.
i. I thought of going in for that when I left
school.
j. Well, you can catch up on it at the
weekend.
V. Complete the sentences with the correct form of these phrasal verbs.
come up with face up to get through with keep away from look forward to
catch up with went back on drop in on look back on look up to
cut down on go up to make up for put up with look down on.
1. I saw Mike at the party, so I ________________him and said hello.
2. You’ll have to work very hard today to _________________the time you wasted
yesterday.
3. I should ________________my problems and not try to avoid them.
4. ‘I haven’t seen the Grants for a long time. Let’s ________________them this evening.’
5. Be careful! That’s an electric fence. ________________it
6. I’m feeling happy. I’m really __________________seeing my family again.
7. I’m trying to coffee. I drink far too much of ________________it.
8. Children usually ________________his older brothers and sisters.
9. He __________________his promise to tell nobody about this.
10. ‘What time do you expect to ________________your homework?’ ‘In about an hour.’
11. Tom was a long way behind the other runners, but he managed to________________
them.
12. I left the job because I couldn’t ________________my boss a moment longer.
13. He had an unhappy childhood and he never ________________it with any pleasure.
14. Small boys often ________________little girls and refuse to play with them.
15. I think we should follow Tom’s suggestion. Nobody has ________________a better
plan.
VI. Put in the correct prepositions or adverbs. Note that sometimes two words are
required.
1. Burglars broke ________the house and stole some jewellery?
2. He wanted to talk to me but I kept ________working and refused to listen.
3. How can we get________ the problem?
4. I never eat sushi. I don’t care ________it at all.
5. The man walked so fast that the child couldn’t keep ________him.
6. , Children have a natural inclination to look ________their parents.
7. It was my first flight. I was nervous as the plane took________.
8. The authority should look ________the matter carefully.
9. Children, you must clear ________this mess before going to bed.
10. Environmental groups have called ________an end to the destruction of the rainforests.
11. ‘When did you get________ home?’ ‘A couple of days ago. I had planned
to stay a little longer, but I ran money.
12. I don’t know how you put ________the noise; it would drive me mad.
13. She’s not a well-known singer. Not many people have heard________ her.
14. You must carry ________the instructions on the packet exactly.
15. Hellen was going away. We went tq the station with her to see her________.
VII. Put in a preposition and the pronoun. You have to decide what order they come in.
1. My new mobile doesn’t work. ~You should take________ ________to the shop.
2. Migraines can be very painful. ~I know. I used to suffer________ ________.
3. Where’s Paul? ~He should be here soon. We’re waiting________ ________.
4. Why don’t you buy that top? -I’ve got nothing that goes________ ________.
5. Have you handed in your form? -No, but I’ve filled________ ________.
6. Mark has borrowed our CDs. -Well, I hope he brings________ ________
7. Who’s got the photos? -Kate. She’s looking________ ________now.
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8. The lecture was interesting. -Yes, I learned something________ ________
9. What happened to the TV? ~A man came and took ________ ________
10. Who’s Alan? ~An old friend. I ran________ ________ recently.
VIII. Replace the words or phrases in bold type by phrasal verbs.
1. They were having a violent quarrel but stopped suddenly when I came in.
2. If you refuse to perform my orders you’ll be dismissed.
3. I found a twenty-pound note by chance in the street.
4. The village is so small that we are always meeting our friends accidentally.
7. I took the children to the zoo today to compensate for the party they
missed yesterday.
6. There is a limit to what one person can tolerate.
7. I finished my homework before noon.
8. You mustn’t omit the difficult sentences; do them all.
9. She kept asking me all the difficult words instead of searching for them in a dictionary.
10. Will you take care of the garden while I am in hospital?
11. Schoolboys usually respect great athletes.
12. He despises me because I spend my holidays in Bournemouth instead of going abroad.
13. They rejected her application because they preferred a man for the job.
14. We began our journey at 8.30 and drove to Mr. Pitt’s house to collect his son Tom.
15. He said he would come to help me; but he disappointed me. He never arrived.
IX. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first.
1. Let’s look at the new plan alongside the old one.
Let’s compare____________________________________________________________
2. I like hip-hop better than reggae.
I prefer_________________________________________________________________
3. The teacher gave the class an explanation of the theory.
The teacher explained______________________________________________________
4. You’re too young to stop working.
You’re too young to give___________________________________________________
5. I haven’t got any money left.
I have run; ______________________________________________________________
6. You should just ignore anything Mike says.
You shouldn’t take any notice_______________________________________________
7. The winners were given a trophy.
A trophy was presented_____________________________________________________
8. Witnesses said the accident was the van driver’s fault.
Witnesses blamed_________________________________________________________
9. They’ve made luxury apartments out of the old hospital.
They’ve turned___________________________________________________________
10. Two boys were begging money from tourists, (asked)
Two boys were
asking______________________________________________________
TEST 1
the others.
1.a. female b. women c. legal d. equal
2.a. civilization b. discriminated c. enlightenment d. recognition
3.a. struggle b. public c. cultural d. human
4.a. civilization b. century c. society d. culture
5.a. doubt b. establish c. public d. basic
II. LANGUAGE FOCUS
6. Women were considered to be suited ___________childbearing and homemaking.
a. in b. of c. for d. on
7. There is no doubt___________ the important roles of women at home as well as in
society.
a. of b. about c. for d. in
8. She dedicated her life to struggling___________ women’s rights.
a. for b. of c. to . d. over
9. She tried her best to ___________a family of five on her own.
a. bear b. build c. rear d. bring
10. Many experts___________ rewarding your child for good behaviour.
a. advance b. alert c. affirm d. advocate
11. There used to be widespread___________ against women doctors.
a. discriminated b. discriminating c. discriminatory d. discrimination
12. Throughout much of the history of human civilization, ___________ beliefs allowed
women only limited roles in society.
a. clear-cut b. deep-seated c. whole-hearted d. long-held
13. She was chosen for the job on the ___________of her qualification.
a. status b. ground c. basis d. role
14. Don’t you believe in ___________between men and women?
a. equal b. equality c. equalizing d. equalization
15. He encourages parental ___________in the running of school.
a. involvement b. attribution c. contribution d. inclusion
B. Choose the one word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that best completes the sentences or
has the closest meaning to the underlined part.
16. She refused to___________ the traditional woman’s role.
a. take to b. take over c. take on d. take in
17. Salaries have not___________ inflation in the last few years.
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a. cut out of b. taken up on c. done out of d. kept up with
18. I can put up with some noise while I’m studying, but I can’t stand loud noise,
a. tolerate b. make c. reduce d. hear
19. The line was so bad when I telephoned him that I couldn’t understand what he said.
a. got him by b. rang him up c. called him on d. took him in
20. Children used to ___________their parents; now they are inclined to regard
them as equals.
a. look up to b. watch out for c. look down' upon d. come round to
21. If you don’t take a flu shot, you’re likely to ___________the flu.
a. keep up with b. go in for c. come down with d. put up with
22. I___________ my childhood with a great deal of happiness.
a. come up with b. fed up with c. look forward to d. look back on
23. If traffic moves at low speeds, the number of accidents is___________.
a. cut down b. pulled back c. brought away d. called off
24. Because of heavy rain, the game was _____ for a few days.
a. taken outh b. put off c. set up d. called off
25. His wife is a terrible snob. She ___________almost all his friends because they have
north country accents.
a. looks up to b. looks forward to c. looks out on d. looks down on
26. I suppose you’re being nice to ___________the awful way you behaved yesterday.
a. makeup for b. make away of c. make down on d. make in with
27. I’m very disappointed in you. I didn’t think you were the sort of person who
would___________ your word.
a. go out on b. go back on c. go through with d. go down with
28. You go on ahead and then I’ll catch ___________you.
a. Along with b. forward to c. up with d. on to
29. He is a pleasant friendly man who___________ well with nearly everybody.
a. Looks after b. brings up c. gets on d. takes in
30. The school ___________for the holidays at the end of May.
a. Broke down b. broke up c. broke into d. broke out
31. As we didn’t have an instruction manual, we had to work in how to set up
A B C
the stereo by trial and error.
D
32. No sooner had Janice arrived at the office than she remembered not to turn off
A B C D
the heating.
33. All states impose severe penalties on drivers who do not stop when
A B
he or she is involved in accidents.
C D
34. Sally Kristen Ride is an American physicist and a former NASA astronaut
A
who in 1983 became the first American woman reaching outer space.
B C D
35. At this time, more and more women who work felt it is difficult to manage
A B C
their careers and their private lives.
D
equal society importantly maternity Chancellor
eventually governmental freedom housewife self
In the past, woman was only a (36) ___________. They had a little to show the ability
and affirm their role in society, (37) ___________, they had not right to vote. It was the
responsibility of man. However, women are now (38) ___________ to men. They have more
power, more (39) ___________ and actually have a voice in what they do or what they want
to do. They have the right to get a job, vote their ability for (40) ___________without only
staying home, cooking cleaning and raising children. Many women become famous by their
contribution and high position in (41)____________;system like Hillary Rodham Clinton –
Secretary of State, Angela Merkel - (42) ___________of Germany and Park Geun-Hye
-President of South Korea. In short, the role of women in modern life is more and more
respective, but the (43) ___________of being wife and mother is not related. Living in the
industrial society, each of women should perfect our (44) ___________ in order not only to
serve for society but also more (45) ___________to teach our children and become a perfect
wife.

What is needed now is a national educational program for women who seriously want to
continue or resume their education, which they have had to cut short for reasons resulting
from having to conform to the role of the woman. They must of course be willing to commit
themselves to its use in a profession. The federal government should be prepared to provide
properly qualified women with tuition fees, plus an additional subsidy to defray other
expenses, such as books, travel, even, if necessary, some household help. It would permit
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mothers to use existing educational facilities on a part-time basis and carry on individual
study and research projects at home during the years regular classroom attendance is
impossible. The whole concept of women’s education would be regeared from four-year-
college to a life plan under which a woman could continue her education, without conflict
with her marriage, her husband and her children. Woman who have matured during the
housewife moratorium need education to find their identity as individual people, not just as
“a woman”, in society. Their desperate need for education and the desperate need of the
nation for the almost untapped reserves of these women’s intelligence and ability in all
professions justify a new, national program especially for married women.
46. What is the topic of the passage?

a. National educational programs
b. Professions for women
c. The role of women
d. The necessity for a special educational program for women
47. Who are most likely to be the readers of this text?
a. Members of the U.S. Senate b. Women
c. Teachers d. College Administrators
48. As used in line 5 "properly qualified” means___________.
a. they already have a profession
b. they can use their education in a profession
c. they have enough basic education for continuing their education
d. they have already completed their education
49. What was not mentioned as being permitted for mothers to do?
a. To study part-time b. To do all their studies at home
c. To do research at home d. To do some study on their own
50. What do we infer is the author’s attitude to women’s need for education?
a. Women need education to help their country.
b. Women need education to find their own place in society.
c. Women need education to bring their intelligence and ability into the professions. '
d. Women need education for all the above reasons.
IV. WRITING
Choose the correct sentence of the four options a, b, c or d.
51. a. Marie Curie, nee Maria Sklodowska, born in Warsaw on November 7, 1867.
b. Marie Curie, whose nee Maria Sklodowska, was born in Warsaw on November 7,
1867.
c. Marie Curie, nee Maria Sklodowska, who was born in Warsaw on November 7, 1867.
d. Marie Curie, nee Maria Sklodowska, was born in Warsaw on November 7, 1867.
52. a. She was received a general education in local schools and some scientific training
from her father.
b. She received a general education in local schools and some scientific training from her
father.
c. She had received a general education in local schools and scientifically trained from
her father.
d. She was received a general education in local schools and scientifically trained by her
father.
53. a. In 1891, she went to Paris to continue her studies at the Sorbonne which
she obtained Licenciateships in Physics and the Mathematical Sciences.
b. In 1891, she went to Paris to continue her studies at the Sorbonne to obtain
Licenciateships in Physics and the Mathematical Sciences.
c. In 1891, she went to Paris to continue her studies at the Sorbonne where she obtained
Licenciateships in Physics and the Mathematical Sciences'.
d. In 1891, she went to Paris to continue her studies at the Sorbonne, obtained
Licenciateships in Physics and the Mathematical Sciences.
54. a. The importance of Mme. Curie’s work reflects in the numerous awards bestowed
upon her.
b. The importance of Mme. Curie’s work was reflected in the numerous awards that
bestowed on her .
c. The importance of Mme. Curie’s work reflected in the numerous awards bestowing
upon her.
d. The importance of Mme. Curie’s work is reflected in the numerous awards bestowed
on her.
55. a. Marie Curie has received many honorary science, medicine and law degrees and
honorary memberships of learned societies all over the world.
b. Marie Curie, who received many honorary science, medicine and law degrees and
honorary memberships of learned societies throughout the world.
c. Marie Curie received many honorary science, medicine and law degrees and
honorary memberships of learned societies throughout the world.
d. Marie Curie, received many honorary science, medicine and law degrees, was
honorary membership of learned societies all over the world.
TEST 2
H. PRONUNCIATION
the others.
1. a. seat b. deep c. belief d. widespread
2. a. advocate b. involve c. economic d. society
3. a. doubt b. power c. knowledge d. allow
4. a. age b. recognize c. significant d. gain
5. a. intellectual b. natural c. righteous d. potential
6. a. intellectual 7. a. economic 8. a. advocate 9. a. childbearing
230
10. a. equal b. nonsense c. involvement d. sympathetic
b. philosopher b. belief c. cultural d. neglect
b. agricultural c. individual c. legal d. pioneer
b. discriminate c. political d. recognition d. period
II. LANGUAGE FOCUS

A. Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that best completes the sentence or
11. The present law discriminates unfairly _________women and ___ favor of men.
a. against - on b. for - in c. against –in d. on - to
12. They supported a movement __________ greater sexual equality.
a. to b. towards c. forwards d. against
13. Workers must avoid discriminating_________ the grounds of race or sex.
a. on b. by c. in d. with
14 _________.history, women have always aimed for a recognized place in society.

a. During b. In c. Throughout d. For
15. Many political radicals advocated that women should not be discriminated
on the basic of their sex.
a. seriously said b. openly criticized c. rightly claimed d. publicly supported
16. Women have the ability to work and go out without having to always feel the
_________of childbearing or childcare until they are ready.
a. abandon b. burden c. neglect. d. right
17. In many marriages there has been a complete role _________with the man staying at
home and the woman going out to work.
a. reverse b. reversal c. reversion d. reversibility
18. In the legal profession, men _________women by five to one.
a. outnumber b. supersede c. overcome d. exceed
19. I’ve lost_________ with my college friends since I moved to France.
a. touch b. pace c. track d. face
20. It’s not true. He’s talking a lot of_________.
a. stuff b. nonsense c. rumour d. gossip
21. The children have been well brought up and are certainly not_________.
a. neglected b. undone c. omitted d. prevented
22. She soon received promotion, for her superiors realised that she was a woman of
considerable_________ .
a. ability b. possibility c. future d. opportunity
23. Employers are not allowed to _________on the basic of gender.
a. disseminate b. distinguish c. discriminate d. discourage
24. Some people consider women to be better suited for childbearing and
homemaking rather than involvement in public life of business or politics,
a. pay attention b. participation c. inclusion d. contribution
25. There needs to be an equal_________ for the work women do.
a. awareness b. approval c. advocacy d. recognition
B. Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that best completes the sentences or has
26. Have I told you about how Mary is_________ at college?
a. getting on b. getting over c. getting round d. getting out
27. David always_________ to my house after he had done his homework.
a. dropped off b. went on c. came over d. passed away
28. He lost the race because he_________ petrol on the last lap.
a. got out of b. ran out of c. made out of d. put out of
29.Although the coach had not thought her a good tennis player at first, she _________to be a
champion.
a. turn over b. turn down c. turned up d. turned out
30.I don’t believe a word he said; I think he just invented that story,
a. went round b. got about c. made up d. set in
31.A business plan may need to change to keep _____ innovation,
a. touch with b. pace of c. track on d. up with
32.You don’t need this word. You shoud _________.
a. cut it down b. cross it out c. fill it out d. put it up
33.It’s a formal occasion so we’ll have to_________ to the nines - no jeans and
pullovers this time!
a. hitched up b. take on c. wear in d. get dressed up
34. You need to cut _____ fatty foods if you want to lose weight.
a. back in b. off from c. down on d. up about
35. Could you possibly_________ me at the next committee meeting?
a. stand in for b. make up for c. fall back on d. keep in with
36. She got fed _____ being treated like some kind of sevant.
a. off in b. in to c. back with d. up with
37. What caused the changes in the position of women in society?
a. broke out b. brought about c. moved in d. turned out
38. Too many students_________ college after only one year.
a. put in for b. take up on c. drop out of d. bring back to
39. The car_________ when we were driving through the desert and it took us two
days to repair it.
a. broke down b. broke up c. broke into d. broke off
40. My sister had to let her dress because she’d put ______ weight.
a. down – on b. out – on c. up – over d. in - out
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41. I got the general ideas down, but the lecturer spoke too quickly I couldn’t
A B C
follow the details.
D
42. It's time we ban discrimination on the grounds of age or sex.
A B C D
43. The Japanese are accustomed to take their shoes off when they enter
A B C D
their houses.
44. Women have worked very deliberately to create a best world, and they have
A B C
succeeded hugely.
D
45. He was deeply disappointed at not getting into university, but he’ll get it over.
A B C D
III. READING
following passage.
We live in a world (46) _________of changes. To illustrate, in the past, technology
means just telephone and television but now it contains computer, mp3 player, and internet
things (47) _________that. Also, education, in the past, included only writing and reading but
now it is done with visual (48). Just like technology and education, the position of women in
society has (49) _________revolutionized when it is compared (50) _________a hundred
years ago all over the world. Years and years ago, women were considered to be (51)
_________for only their house, but now they have more active' role in society. With the
changing world, they have been (52) _________. Women become more conscious about their
status in society. (53) _________, as time passed, women have made progress in view of
family rights and business life.
46. a. contain b. include c. consist d. full
47. a. alike b. like c. unlike d. likely
48. a. materials b. instructions c. methods d. systems
49. a. even b. only c. also d. ever
50. a. in b. to c. of d. for
51. a. responsible b. important c. reliable d. dependent
52. a. controlling b. exchanging c. solving d. altering
53. a. However b. Moreover c. Therefore d. Nevertheless
It is an undeniable fact that a woman’s place was once in the home. In the past, women
were merely required to fulfil the role of mother and housewife. Today, this situation has
changed tremendously. If a woman possesses the attributes and qualities of her male
counterpart, she will definitely be given equal opportunities in the career world without much
bias. Therefore, women began to make the scene and, eventually, there was a steady flow of
women leaving their homes. Should women be allowed to work after marriage then? The
answer is undoubtedly positive although this issue is highly debatable in terms of the nature
of the professions involved. If a woman pursues her career but is at the same time able to
care for her home and children, one simply cannot find any reason why she should not be
allowed to do so.
Whether a woman should continue to work after marriage would depend on the nature of
her profession. It is a waste of resources if women, after seeking higher education,
immediately abandon their careers after matrimony. A woman’s effort can also contribute to
the well-being and development of society. In the Malaysian context, a teacher is only
required to work a five-day week with term holidays every now and then. Moreover, she is in
school for only half of the day; the other half of the day can be devoted to her home. A
teacher, besides educating the society, can fulfil the role of both mother and housewife. There
are many other careers like those of nurses, clerks and typists where women can fulfil the
double role.
As it is, a woman’s most important responsibility still lies in her home. Without her
around in the house, one just cannot bear to think of the consequences. Unless and until she
can fulfil the basic role of a housewife and mother, she should not make a career her sole
responsibility.
54. What was the woman’s dominant role in the past?
a. as a career woman
b. as a housewife only
c. as a career woman and housewife at the same time
d. as a housewife and mother
55. A career woman is_________.
a. a housewife b. nota housewife
b. sometimes also a housewife. d. often not a housewife.
56. Teaching is a suitable profession for a woman because_________.
a. it is a five-day week job.
b. she is able to devote her time to both her school and home.
c. it is a five-day week job with term holidays every now and then.
d. she fulfils the requirements of a teacher.
57. The phrase “make the scene” in the passage means_________.
a. venture into the career world.
b. realize the importance of career.
c. realize the importance of the women’s liberation movement
d. prove themselves capable of pursuing a career.
58. Which of the following statements is correct?
a. All married women should work as teachers.
b. All women should make it a point to work after marriage so as to contribute to the
well-being and development of society.
234
c. When a woman enters into marriage with a man, she should immediately abandon her
career.
d. Not all homes are neglected if women pursue their careers even after marriage.
IV. WRITING
59. The sooner we solve this problem, the better it will be for all concerned.
a. If we can solve this problem soon, it will be better for all concerned.
b. If we could solve this problem soon, it would be better for all concerned.
c. If all concerned are better, we can solve this problem soon.
d. It would be better for all concerned if we can solve this problem soon.
60. Sarah is, really looking forward to seeing her friends again.
a. Sarah doesn’t want to see her friends again.
b. Sarah feels bored with seeing her friends again.
c. Sarah is expecting to see her friends again.
d. Sarah keeps trying to meet her friends again and again.
61. Friendly though he may seem, he’s not to be trusted.
a. He’s too friendly to be trusted.
b. He may have a lot of friends, but he’s not to be trusted.
c. No matter how he seems friendly, he’s not to be trusted.
d. However friendly he seems, he’s not to be trusted.
62. She suggested going to the beach the next afternoon.
a. “What about going to the beach tomorrow afternoon?” she said.
b. “Why don’t you go to the beach in the afternoon?” she said.
c. “Will I go to the beach the following afternoon?” she said.
d. “Let’s go to the beach in the afternoon?” she said
63. It is said that two men were arrested after the explosion.
a. Two men are said to be arrested after the explosion.
b. Two men are said being arrested after the explosion.
c. Two men are said to have been arrested after the explosion.
d. Two men were said to be arrested after the explosion.
UNIT 16: THE ASSOCIATION OF SOUTHEAST ASEAN
NATIONS
I. Practice reading these sentences with the rising or falling tone. Notice that prominent
words are in bold.
1. Are you ready? No. I’m not ready.
2. What are you doing?
3. Has she been working here long?
4. Do you like curry or ragout?
5. It’s getting warmer, isn’t it? ~Yeah. Seems more like summer.
6. You didn’t leave the gas on, didn’t you? ~ No. I didn’t.
7. Is your brother older or younger than you?
8. How long have you been here?
9. Are we staying at the same hotel?
10. I’ve just won £500! -Have you!
11. They aren’t very happy. ~They aren’t, are they?,
12. Is he at lunch or in a meeting?
13. So they are selling their house? aren’t they?
14. I’ll get my money back, will I?
15. Which colour do you want - green or yellow?
II. Fill in each blank with the correct form of the verb from the box.
accelerate forge integrate admit respect
promote diversify record adopt stabilize
1. Oil dramatically went up in price last year, but its prices have_________ for now.
2. How would such culturally different people be _________into our society?
3. WWF is internationally _________for its conservation work.
4. The company wanted to_________ alliances with other motor manufacturers.
5. The increased capital could greatly_________ economic development
6. The Baltic States were _________to the United Nations in 1991.
7. The culture has been_________ with the arrival of immigrants.
8. The policy has not yet been formally_________
9. The objective of AFTA is to_________trade among ASEAN member countries.
10. They were asked to_________ .thetimeatwhich the attack happened.
III. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the word in brackets.
1. Economic growth slowed down sharply after three months of_________
(accelerate)
2. We are working to bring about closer political_________ in EU. (integrate)
3. One of the ASEAN’s main purposes is to maintain regional peace and_________
. (stable)”
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4. Manchester is the most culturally _________city for its size in the world, (diversify)
5. Her success had_________ the faith her teachers had put in her. (justice)
6. There is a growing_________ that we must manage the earth's resources more carefully,
(realize).
7. Women nowadays are no longer_________ dependent on men. (economy)
8. There is a need for greater economic_________ between the two countries. (cooperate)
9. Our top priorities must be profit and_________ growth, (commerce)
10. Several banks are providing_________ for the housing programme, (financial)
11. In 1997, the ASEAN leaders adopted the ASEAN _________2020. (visual)
12. Yemen won_________ to the WTO after 13 years of negotiations, (admit)
IV. Fill in each blank with one appropriate preposition to complete the passage.
ASEAN has a population of 575.5 million, accounting (1)_________about 8.7% of the
world’s population. Its total area is 4,464,322 square kilometers. It is a region (2) _________
diverse cultures, and people in some countries such as the Philippines, Brunei, Malaysia and
Singapore speak English (3) _________ their own languages. According (4) _________ the
statistics recorded in 2004, ASEAN had a combined gross domestic product (5) ________
_________about US$ 737 billion. This combined GDP grew (6)_________an average rate of
around 6% per year (7) _________ 2003 to 2007. The economies of the member countries are
diverse, although its major products include electronic goods, oil and wood. The
Governments of ASEAN countries have paid special attention (8)_________ trade. In 2006,
the ASEAN region had a total trade of US$ 1405 billion. It has been estimated that a free
trade area would be established in the region (9) _________ 2020. The ASEAN leaders have
also adopted the ASEAN Vision 2020, which is aimed (10) __________________ forging
closer economic integration within the region. The Hanoi Plan of Action, adopted in 1998,
serves (11) _________the first in a series of planned actions leading (12)to the realization of
the ASEAN Vision.
V. Underline the word or phrase that is appropriate to the meaning of the sentence.
1. While! As soon as I was chatting away to Jane, the line suddenly went dead.
2. While! When the door slammed, the birds all flew away.
3. As/ Until night slowly fell, people were hurrying home.
4. As soon as/ As long as the other passengers get on the bus, we will leave.
5. Before/ After I turned off the lights, I left the room.
6. Whenever! Before Susan feels nervous, she chews her nails.
7. We have to wait here as soon as/ until Nancy comes.
8. Jane has gotten three promotions when! since she started working at this company six
months ago.
9. I knew that something was wrong when! whenever my roommate walked
into the room yesterday.,
10. Just before! While I stood up to give my speech, I got butterflies in my stomach.
11. The first time / So long as I saw the great pyramids of Egypt in the moonlight, I was
speechless.
12. Until ! Once the weather gets warmers, we can start playing tennis again.
13. By the time / As soon as he comes, we will have already left.
14. As / As long as I live, I will not forget Mr. Tanaka.
15. By the time / The next time I go to New York, I’m going to see a ballet.
VI. Using the words in parentheses, make logical connections between the ideas in
column A with the ideas in column B.
A B
1. He continued to work at London I had never known hot weather. Someone
University, (until) waved to me through the window. He retired
2. I speak Spanish, (when) in 1978.
3. She stayed at home watching television, Its name was changed to Sri Lanka.
(while) It opened.
4. Ceylon had been independent for 24 years, I talk slowly to help people understand me.
(after) She has some free time from her principal
5. He was almost unknown outside his duties.
specialized field, (before) He was awarded the Nobel Prize.
6. The car went by. (as) He will be able to work more efficiently. Her
7. Ms. Johnson regularly returns her e-mail brother was at school.
messages, (as soon as)
8. Tarik becomes familiar with the new
computer program, (once)
9. I lived in Vietnam, (until)
10. I’ve been to that restaurant once, (since)
1. _______________________________________________________________________
2. _______________________________________________________________________
3. _______________________________________________________________________
4. _______________________________________________________________________
5. _______________________________________________________________________
6. _______________________________________________________________________
7. _______________________________________________________________________
8. _______________________________________________________________________
9. _______________________________________________________________________
10 ______________________________________________________________________
VII. Correct the errors.
1. I am studying here since last January.
2. By the time I return to my country, I am away from home for more than three years.
3. As soon as I will graduate, I am going to return to my hometown.
4. I have been seeing that movie three times, and now I am wanting to see it again.
5. Last night, I have had dinner with two friends. I knew both of them for a long time.
6. My friends will meet me when I will arrive at the airport.
7. I will intend to go back home when I will finish my education.
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8. While I am visiting my cousin last summer, we go to restaurant and eat Thai food.
9. We washed the dishes and clean up the kitchen alter our dinner guests were leaving.
10. I stay with Monica whenever I will go to London.
VIII. Complete the sentences with the correct tense of the verbs in brackets.
1. We will send you the goods as soon as we ____________(receive) your cheque.
2. By the time I left my apartment this morning, the mail carrier____________ (deliver) the
mail.
3. After Jessica ____________ (finish) her degree, she intends to work in her father’s
company.
4. I’ll take the paper with me. I’ll read it while I____________ (wait) for the bus.
5. When the light went out, I____________ (light) some candles.
6. The message arrived shortly after I____________ (leave).
7. The boys worked slowly for they knew that as soon as they____________ (finish) one
exercise the teacher would tell them to do the next.
8. He saves £500 a year. By the time he____________ (retire) he ____________ (save)
£20,000.
9. It seems that whenever I try to take some quiet time for myself, the phone ____________
(ring)
10. He’s asleep now but I ____________ (give) him the letter as soon as he____________
(wake) up.
11. Mohammad____________ (never hear) about Halloween before he came to the U.S.
12. A small animal ran across the path in front of me as I ____________(walk) through the
woods.
13. I____________ (work) hard to help support my family ever since I____________ (be) a
child.
14. You’d better wait until it ____________ (stop) at the traffic light.
15. The frying pan____________ (catch) on fire while I____________ (make) dinner.
VIII. Write a sentence of similar meaning using the word(s) in brackets.
1. The teacher came in and everyone stopped talking, (when)
___________________________________________________________________________
2. Let’s have lunch after our game of mini-golf, (we’ve)
___________________________________________________________________________
3. Come and see me any time you like, (whenever)
___________________________________________________________________________
4. The clock struck, and immediately the doors opened, (as soon as)
___________________________________________________________________________
5. You should retire yourself, or you could be too old. (before)
___________________________________________________________________________
6. I’m going to retire, and I shall go round the world, (as soon as)
___________________________________________________________________________
7. He did military service, then he went to university, (after)
___________________________________________________________________________
8. The last time I saw him was when I lived in London, (since)
___________________________________________________________________________
9. He’ll settle down. Then his performance will improve, (once)
___________________________________________________________________________
10. During the oil refinery strike, there were enormous petrol queues, (while)
___________________________________________________________________________
TEST 1
I. PRONUNCIATION.
others.
1.a. association b. accelerate c. average d. adopt
2.a. diverse b. vision c. realization d. enterprise
3.a. catholic b. southeast c. growth d. southern
4.a. realize b. year c. peace d. area
5.a. stability b. integration c. accelerate d. promote
II. LANGUAGE FOCUS
has the closest meaning to the underlined word.
6. ASEAN was established __________the five original member countries, namely,
Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand.
a. with b. from c. of d. by
7. Vietnam became the seventh member of ASEAN __________July 28, 1995.
a. in b. from c. on d. since
8. Laos and Myanmar were admitted__________ the association in 1997.
a. to b. in c. by d. of
9. Inflation continues to __________rapidly throughout Asia.
a. integrate b. accelerate c. stabilize d. realize
10. ASEAN was founded to promote political and economic cooperation and
regional__________.
a. diversity b. respect c. stability d. admission
11. Its members’ heads of government meet annually in an ASEAN summit to discuss and
resolve regional issues.
a. meeting b. region c. council d. nation
12. ASEAN continues to develop __________ relations with its Dialogue Partners.
a. cooperating . b. cooperative c. cooperation d. cooperatively
13. The aim of the ASEAN Vision 2020 is to forge closer economic__________ among the
member countries.
a. growth b. reform c. investment d. integration
14. Throughout the 1970s, ASEAN embarked on a program of __________cooperation,
240
following the Bali Summit of 1976.
a. economy b. economic c. economical d. economics
15. During the 1970s, the U.S. forged trade links with China.
a. provided b. broke c. developed d. maintained
16. I had to wait six weeks before the parcel __________.
a. arrived b. had arrived c. would arrive d. has arrived
17. Tonight I__________ to bed after I have done my homework.
a. go b. went c. have gone d. will go
18. When Henry__________ home after a hard day at work, his children.
a. arrived – slept b. arrived – were sleeping
c. was arriving —slept d. had arrived —were sleeping
19. I had fried chicken the last time I__________ at that restaurant.
a. was eating b. have eaten c. ate d. had eaten
20. I visit a new country every year. By the time I am sixty I __________all the
most interesting countries in the world.
a. visit b. have visited c. will visit d. will have visited
21. We__________ since sunrise, and we were hungry.
a. has walked b. has been walking c. had been walking d. was walking
22. This time tomorrow __________by my swimming pool.
a. I’m relaxing b. I relax c. I’ll relax d. I’ll be relaxing
23. As soon as Martina saw the fire, she _____ the fire department
a. telephoned b. was telephoning c. has telephoned d. had telephoned
24. How can my baby sleep when you __________so much noise?
a. made b. have made c. are making d. were making
25. This is the first time I__________ the experiment on plant breeding.
a. do b. would do c. did d. have done
26. They __________in Paris for three years before they moved to New York.
a. Live b. have lived c. had lived d. were living
27. I broke a tooth when I__________ into piece of hard candy.
a. Bit b. am biting c. have bitten d. had bitten
28. Don’t start smoking till the others __________their meal.
a. Finished b. have finished c. will finish d. had finished
29. I will read the textbook before I__________ the final exam next month.
a. Will take b. am taking c. have taken d. take
30. Several years after they__________ up they met again by chance in Paris.
a. Would split b. have split c. had split d. were split
31. I will give you a call on my cell phone as soon as my plane will land.
A B C D
32. She’s looking forward to go to Europe after she finishes her studies at the
A B C D
university.
33. Each of the nurses report to the operating room when his or her name is called.
A B C D
34. They careful planned their vacation to include a quick trip to the tropical
A B
island where they first met.
C D
35. She can neither read nor write, and has not rarely traveled more than
A B C
twenty miles from her place of birth.
D
III. READING
domestic goods stability membership
organization trade acceleration peacefully
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is a geo-political and economic
(36) __________of 10 countries located in Southeast Asia. ASEAN was formed on 8 August
1967 by Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. Since then, (37)_
__________has expanded to include Brunei, Burma (Myanmar), Cambodia, Laos, and
Vietnam. Its aims include the (38) __________ of economic growth, social progress, cultural
development among its members, the protection of the peace and (39) __________of the
region, and to provide opportunities for member countries to discuss differences (40)
__________.
The ASEAN region has a population of about 560 million (2006), a total
area of 4.5 million square kilometres, a combined gross (41) ___________ product (GDP) of
almost $1,100 billion, and a total (42) __________of about $1,400 billion. Trade has been
growing within the region as a result of ASEAN initiatives to encourage freer movements of
(43) __________:and peoples.
B. Read the passage carefully, decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F),
and then answer the questions.
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations or ASEAN was established on 8 August
1967 in Bangkok by the five original Member Countries, namely, Indonesia, Malaysia, the
Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. Brunei Darussalam joined on 8 January 1984, Vietnam
on 28 July 1995, Lao PDR and Myanmar on 23 July 1997, and Cambodia on 30 April 1999.
242
ASEAN covers a land area of 4.4 million 1cm2, 3% of the total land area of earth. It has
a population of more than 600 million people, or 8.8% of the world's population. In 2012, its
combined nominal GDP had grown to more than US$ 2.3 trillion.
The ASEAN Declaration states that the aims and purposes of the Association are to
accelerate economic growth, social progress and cultural development in the region and to
promote regional peace and stability through abiding respect for justice and the rule of law in
the relationship among countries in the region and adherence to the principles of the United
Nations Charter.
The ASEAN Vision 2020, adopted by the ASEAN Leaders on the 30th Anniversary of
ASEAN, agreed on a shared vision of ASEAN as a concert of Southeast Asian nations,
outward looking, living in peace, stability and prosperity, bonded together in partnership in
dynamic development and in a community of caring societies.
True or false?
44. ASEAN consists of ten South East Asian countries.
45. Vietnam joined ASEAN as its sixth member in 1995.
46. ASEAN’s population accounts for 8.8% of the global population.
47. One of the ASEAN’s main purposes is to promote world peace and stability.
48. It was foreseen that in the year 2020 ASEAN would be a concert of Southeast Asian
Nations.
49. Which countries founded ASEAN?
50. What are the two main goals of the Association?
IV. SPEAKING
51. “Congratulations to you on passing the examination.” “__________.”
a. You’re welcome b. Never mind c. Don’t mention it d. Thanks a
lot
52. “I didn’t get the job!” “__________. Better luck next time!”
a. Good job b. That’s good c. Never mind d. Not at all
53. “Have a nice weekend ” “__________.”
a. The same to you b. You have, too c. I’m glad to hear that d.
Yes,Iwill
54. “Would you like to come to the barbecue?” “__________, but I’ll be away.”
a. Sorry, I can’t b. I’d love to c. Yes, please d. It’s my pleasure
55. “I haven’t been to a party for ages.” “__________. I hate crowded rooms.”
a. Neither have I b. I expect so c. Me, too d. The same to me
V. WRITING
Choose the correct sentence - a, b, c or d.
56. If I’m lucky I might get the job I’ve applied for.
a. Getting the job I’ve applied for is quite impossible.
b. I have a lot of chance to get the job I’ve applied for.
c. Luckily I have got the job I’ve applied for.
d. There’s a chance that I’ll get the job I’ve applied for.
57. It’s a shame John eats sweets whenever he gets the chance.
a. John always eat sweets when he feels sad or disappointed.
b. John never turns down sweets when they are offered to him.
c. John dislike eating sweets.
d. John will not take a chance on eating sweets.
58. I left for a two-week holiday as soon as I finished my project.
a. No sooner had I finished my project than I left for a two-week holiday.
b. Scarcely had I left a two-week holiday before I finished my project.
c. I hardly had a two-week holiday when I had finished my project.
d. Right after I had returned from my two-week holiday, I finished my project.
59. It’s useless to try and call him at this hour.
a. To try and call him at this hour is inconvenient
b. There’s no point in calling him at this hour.
c. It’s possible to call him at this hour.
d. No one wants to call him at this hour.
60. “I will pay you back next week,” Jane told me.
a. Jane suggested paying me back next week.
b. Jane insisted on paying me back next week.
c. Jane promised to pay me back next week.
d. Jane offered to pay me back next week.
TEST 2
I. PRONUNCIATION
the others.
1. a. justice b. culture c. country d. rural
2. a. goods b. wood c. through d. would
3. a. trade b. stability c. integrate d. stable
4. a. mission b. vision c. provision d. decision
5. a. included b. adopted c. planned d. created
6. a. accelerate b. stability c. diverse d. integrate
7. a. economic b. cooperation c. electronic d. situation
8. a. .statistics b. dominant c. enterprises d. industry
9. a. associate b. commercial c. average d. objective
10. a. spectacular b. significant c. technology d. Christianity
11. LANGUAGE FOCUS
11. The negotiations leading__________ the peace treaty were very tough.
244
a. to b. on c. up to , d. with
12. In 2004, ASEAN had a combined GDP __________about US$ 737 billion.
a. with b. of c. for d. in
13. The ASEAN Vision 2020 is aimed __________forging closer economic integration
within the region.
a. at b. to c. for d. of
14. In 1994 ASEAN set __________its vision for long-term security with the creation
of the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF).
a. off b. down c. back d. out
15. ASEAN __________a security plan at its 2004 summit; tensions on the Korean
peninsula were high on the agenda.
a. recorded b. adopted c. founded d. admitted
16. In November 2007 ASEAN leaders signed a landmark__________ aimed at
speeding up and deepening economic integration.
a. vision b. contract c. charter d. right
17. ASEAN’s aims include the__________ of economic growth, social progress,
cultural development among its members.
a. realization b. integration c. cooperation. d. acceleration
18. The Hanoi Plan Action serves as the first in a series of planned actions leading up to
the__________ of the ASEAN Vision.
a. realization b. investment c. diversity d. production
19. Singapore has made an impressive recover after the Asian__________ crisis of
1997 - 1998.
a. finance b. finances c. financial d. financially
20. On August 26, 2007, ASEAN has also stated that it aims to complete its free
trade__________ with China by 2013.
a. constitution b. charter c. agreement d. policy
21. In November 2007 the ASEAN members signed a constitution establishing ASEAN
itself as an international legal__________.
a. entity b. enterprise c. society d. nation
22. During the 1990s, ASEAN experienced an increase in both membership as well as in the
drive for further__________.
a. integrate b. integrated c. integrating d. integration
th
23. The 13 ASEAN__________was held in Singapore on 20 November 2007.
a. Forum b. Summit c. Agenda d. Vision
24. One of the purposes of ASEAN is to promote ai ASEAN identity through the fostering of
greater awareness of the __________culture of the region.
a. diversified b. diversification c. diversity d. diverse
25. The__________ of the ASEAN Vision 2020 is to create economic integration among the
member coutries.
a. justice b. structure c. objective d. action
26. My parents were watching television downstairs while I __________in my bedroom.
a. read b. was reading c. had read d. had been reading
27. Remember to turn the light out as you__________
a. leave b. are leaving c. have left d. will leave
28. By the time he__________ work and returned home, he was absolutely exhausted.
a. would finish b. was finishing c. has finished d. had finished
29. When Bill __________up tomorrow morning, the sun.
a. will get - is shining b. gets - will have shone
c. will get - will be shining d. gets - will be shining
30. I’ll help you with your homework as soon as I __________my own.
a. was doing b. did c. have done d. had done
31. The police stopped me the other day as I__________ home, because I the speed limit.
a. drove – exceeded b. was driving — exceeded
c. drove - was exceeding d. was driving - was exceeding
32. The next time Paul ____ to New York, he will visit Metropolitan Museum,
a. will fly b. flies c. has flown d. will have flown
33. By the end of this year, Chen __________English for three years.
a. will be studying b. will have been studying
c. has studied d. has been studying
34. By the time you receive this letter, I__________ for Japan.
a. Leave b. have left c. will have left d. will have
35. We had hardly sat down when she__________ plates of food for us.
a. Brought b. has brought c. had brought d. would have brought
36. When she__________ her mistake, she apologized.
a. Realized b. was realizing c. has realized d. had realized
37. The man next door disappeared six months ago. He__________ since then.
a. isn’t seen b. wasn’t seen c. hasn’t seen d. hasn’t been seen
38. Susan__________ as a nurse for 3 years before her marriage.
a. has worked b. has been working c. worked d. was working
39. According to this pie chart, a third of students’ leisure time__________ watching TV.
a. is spending b. is spent c. are spent d. have spent
40. Be sure to reread your composition for errors before you__________ it in to the teacher
tomorrow.
a. Hand b. will hand c. handed d. have handed
41. I won’t give up before I will have finished what I set out to do.
246
A B C D
42. The secretary-general of ASEAN is appointed for “a five-years term.
A B C D
43. Australia has worked with ASEAN for over 30 years to build economical
A B
cooperation and prosperity in the region.
C D
44. ASEAN has hardly never acted as an independent international entity
A B
on behalf of the ASEAN members as a whole.
C D
45. Small, privately owned ranches become less and less common during the past
A B C D
decade.
III. READING
following passage.
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), a geo-political and economic
organization of 10 countries (46) __________in Southeast Asia, was founded on 8 August
1967 by Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. Since then, (47)
__________ has expanded to include Brunei, Burma (Myanmar), Cambodia, Laos, and
Vietnam.
The ASEAN Declaration states that the (48) __________and purposes of the Asso-
ciation are: to (49) __________economic growth, social progress and cultural develop-ment
in the region and to promote regional peace and stability (50) ___________abiding respect
for justice and the (51) ___________ of law in the relationship amongs countries in the
region and adherence (52) ___________ the principles of the United Nations Charter.
The ASEAN Vision 2020, (53) __________by the ASEAN Leaders on the 30th
Anniversary of ASEAN, agreed on a shared vision of ASEAN as a concert of Southeast Asian
nation, outward looking, living in peace, (54) __________ and prosperity, bonded together in
partnership in dynamic development and in a community of (55) __________ societies
46. a. admitted b. existed c. located d. joined

47. a. membership b. ownership c. founder ship d. leadership
48. a. plans b. views c. ideas d. aims
49. a. develop b. control c. accelerate d. integrate
50. a. into b. through c. from d. for
51. a. rule b. order c. point d. offer
52. a. with b. in c. of d. to
53. a. performed b. adopted c. imposed d. forged
54. a. diversity b. reality c. stability d. variety
55. a. caring b. ranging c. sharing d. founding
B. Founding Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct answer.
As its first Dialogue Partner, Australia has a longstanding and deep relationship with
ASEAN, covering cooperation in a range of areas including security, culture, trade, education
and development. Along with Australia’s participation in annual ASEAN meetings with
Dialogue Partners, the ASEAN- Australia Forum is held every 18 months to two years, most
recently in May 2008 in Canberra.
Australia, New Zealand and ASEAN Ministers signed the ASEAN-Australia- New
Zealand Free Trade Agreement on 27 February 2009. ASEAN collectively is Australia’s
largest trading partner. In 2007, ASEAN received around 12 per cent of Australia’s total
exports, and was the source of 19 per cent of Australia’s imports. Two-way trade in goods
and services with ASEAN totalled $81 billion and accounted for 17 per cent of Australia’s
total trade.
Education services are Australia’s largest services export to ASEAN. Australia is a
leading provider of on-shore and off-shore education services to the region, with over 70,000
students from ASEAN countries studying at Australian educational institutions in 2007.
Academic and institutional links between Australia and ASEAN continue to strengthen with
many Australian universities setting up offshore campuses.
Australia has worked in partnership with ASEAN for over 30 years to build economic
cooperation and prosperity in the region including through the 'ASEAN- Australia
Development Cooperation Program.
56. The passage mainly discuss about__________.
a. ASEAN’s Dialogue Partners
b. ways to promote cooperation between Australia and ASEAN.
c. Australia’s relationship with ASEAN.
d. Australia’s economic integration with ASEAN.
57. ASEAN meetings take place__________.
a. every year b. every 18 months c. every two years d. twice, a year
58. Australia takes part in every ASEAN meeting as__________.
a. a member b. a founder c. a provider d.a dialogue partner
a. ASEAN is Australia’s largest trading partner.
b. In 2007, 19 per cent of ASEAN’s imports were from Australia.
c. The Australia’s largest services export to ASEAN is Education services.
d. There are more and more students from ASEAN countries coming to Australia for
their education.
60. It can be concluded from the passage that the close relationship between Australia and
ASEAN__________.
a. brings real benefit for both Australia and ASEAN countries
248
b. provides an excellent further education for Australia’s students
c. boosts the stagnant economy of ASEAN
d. stimulates the development of overseas tourism
IV. WRITING
A. From the words or phrases - a, bf c or d - choose the one that best completes the
sentences.
61 __________was one of the most difficult tasks pioneers faced on their journeys west.
a. Having crossed rivers b. While crossing rivers
c. Crossing rivers d. By crossing rivers
62. Canada does not require that U.S citizens obtain passports to enter the country,
and__________.
a. so does Mexico b. Mexico doesn’t either
c. Mexico does too d. neither Mexico does
63._____________toward shore, its shape is changed by its collision with the shallow sea
bottom.
a. During a wave rolls b. As, a wave rolls
c. A wave rolls d. Whenever a wave’s rolling
64. The families were told to evacuate their houses immediately__________.
a. at the time when the water began to go up
b. when the water began to rise
c. right after the water was raising
d. while up was going the water
65 __________ did I realize that I had left my wallet at home.
a. When I arrive the office b. No sooner I arrived the office
c. After I had arrived the office d. Only after arriving the office
SECOND-SEMESTER EXAMINATION
Time allowed: 60 minutes
the other.
1. a. cause b. abroad c. appall d. involve
2. a. efficient b. Christianity c. unsure d. initiate
3. a. composed b. stressed c. noticed d. researched
II. Choose the word that has the main stress placed differently from that of the
others.
4. a. vulnerable b. epidemic c. intellectual d. integration
5. a. survive b. digest c. advocate d. discriminate
III. Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that best completes the sentence or has
6. More than half of the population are suffering __________malnutrition.
a. With b. in c. from d. by
7. In Britain today women __________44% of the workforce, and nearly half the
mothers with children are in paid work.
a. build up b. make up c. stand for d. turndown
8. ASEAN ministerial meetings are held every year in different countries,
a. take after b. take place c. take in d. takeout
9. The forecast has revealed that the world’s reserves of fossil fuel will have __________
by 2015.
a. run out b. catch up c. turned in d. taken over
10. You should look up the meaning of new words in the dictionary __________misuse
them.
a. so that not to b. so not to c. so as not to d. so that not
11. The Red Cross is intrinsically an international aid__________.
a. association b. institution c. organization d. corporation
12. “Can I give you a hand?” __________. I can manage.”
a. Sorry, you can’t b. Yes, please c. Yes, of course d. It’s OK, thanks
13 .you have no key, you will have to get back before I go out.
a. As b. Unless c. When d. Though
14. You _____ introduce me to the chairperson because we have already met.
a. Must b. mustn’t c. shouldn’t d. needn’t
15. Plants that grow in high desert areas must live in extreme daytime heat. __________ ,
they must be able to tolerate severe nighttime cold.
a. Therefore b. However c. Consequently d. But
16 . ________in 1636, Harvard is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United
States.
a. Found b. Founding c. Having Founded d. Founded
17. Children__________ diets contain high levels of protein do better in examinations,
a. Who b. whose c. whom d. which
18. The wildlife preserve is__________ tourist attraction in the city.
a. as popular as b. more popular than c. the most popular d. most popular
19. __________ the language barrier, we are confident that we will be able to communicate.
a. Even though b. Because of c. Due to d. Despite
20. “Would you bother if I had a look at your paper?” “__________.”
a. You’re welcome b. That’s a good idea
e. Oh, I didn’t realize it d. Well, actually I’d rather you didn’t
21. Every man, woman, and child__________ (protect) under the law.
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22. Henry __________ (be) a rich man today if he had been more careful in the past.
23. When we met John last year, he__________ (graduate) from Harvard already.
24. Please stop__________ (cry) and tell me what’s wrong.
25. We are considering__________ (buy) a new car. Do you know any car dealer?
26. A legal ban on the hunting of wildlife is not strictly__________. (force)
27. A mobile phone makes you__________ wherever you are. (contact)
28. Many drivers .are__________ of the dangers of using cell phones while driving,
(aware)
29. Many__________ organizations have tried to fight against child abuse, (humane)
30. ASEAN has__________ worked to improve the socio-economic situation, (act)
VI. Choose the underlined word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that needs correcting.
31. The teacher told the students to not discuss the take-home exam with each other.
A B C D
32. They are not old enough to take part this program of the World Health
Organization.
A B C D
33. She asked whether I have passed my driving test the week before.
A B C D
34. Because the torrential rain that had devastated the area, the governor sent
A B C
the National Guard to assist in the clean-up operation.
D
35. A new law prohibits one to use a mobile phone while driving.
A B C D
VII. Read the text and then decide which answer - a, b, c or d - best fits each space.
Women nowadays have more advantages than (36)________in the past. For example,
our great grandmothers were not allowed to go to school or to work to earn their own living.
(37) ________, they had to depend on their husbands financially. Modern women, on the
contrary, can get good education, have their own careers, and (38) ________their interests.
They can even take good positions in (39) ________if they are competent at it. However,
women living in our modern society have their (40) ________, too. Today’s women work
harder than their great grandmothers so that they can gain the (41)between working life and
family life. Many people predict that by 2032, most senior positions (42) ________work will
be taken by women. Then, it is possible that women will have (43) ________ strenuous life
because. (44) ________ in a very modern society, the can’t (45) ________ their role in the
family.
36. a. them b. that c. these d. those
37. a. Furthermore b. However c. As a result d. Although
38. a. pursue b. share c. promote d. adopt
39. a. politician b. politics c. politic d. political
40. a. advantanges b. matters c. profits d. problems
41. a. equality b. stability c. balance d. steadiness
42. a. at b. in c. for d. of
43. a. much b. many c. more d. most
44. a. though b. even c. ever d. never
45. a. provide b. play c. fulfill d. neglect
Since the world has become industrialized, there has been an increase in the number of
animal species that have either become extinct or have neared extinction. Bengal tigers, for
instance, which once roamed the jungles in vast numbers, now number only about 2,300, and
by the year 2025 their population is estimated to be down to zero. What is alarming about the
case of the Bengal tiger is that this extinction will have been caused almost entirely by
poachers who, according to some sources, are not interested in material gain but in personal
gratification. This is an example of the callousness that is part of what is causing the problem
of extinction. Animals like the Bengal tiger, as well as other endangered species, are a
valuable part of the world’s ecosystem. International laws protecting these animals must be
enacted to ensure their survival, and the survival of our planet.
Countries around the world have begun to deal with the problem in various ways. Some
countries, in order to circumvent the problem, have allocated large amounts of land to animal
reserves. They then charge admission to help defray the costs of maintaining the parks, and
they often must also depend on world organizations for support. With the money they get,
they can invest in equipment and patrols to protect the animals. Another solution that is an
attempt to stem the tide of animal extinction is an international boycott of products made
from endangered species. This seems fairly effective, but it will not, by itself, prevent animals
from being hunted and killed.
46. What is the main topic of the passage?
a. the Bengal tiger. b. international boycotts
c. endangered species d. problems with industrialization
47. The above passage is divided into two paragraphs in order to contrast ________.
a. a problem and a solution b. a statement and an illustration
c. a comparison and a contrast d. specific and general information
48. What does the word “this” refer to in line 8?
a. endangered species that are increasing
b. poachers who seek personal gratification
c. Bengal tigers that are decreasing
d. sources that may not be accurate
49. Where in the passage does the author discuss a cause of extinction?
a. Since the world. ..down to zero. b. What is alarming...personal gratification,
c. Country around. ..for support. d. With the money... dangered species.
50. Which of the following best describes the author’s attitude?
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a. Forgiving b. Critical c. Concerned d. Surprised
IX. From the words or phrases - a, b, c or d - choose the one that best completes the
sentences.
51. They suggested________.
a. everyone to write a letter to the governor
b. everyone writes a letter to the governor
c. that everyone could write a letter to the governor
d. that everyone should write a letter to the governor
52. Having been delayed by heavy traffic________,
a. it was difficult for her to arrive on time
b. she was unable to arrive on time
c. it was impossible for her to arrive on time
d. her being late was intolerable
53. Small microcomputers of today can process ________their predecessors, which were
twenty times their size.
a. in the same amount of information b. and have the same amount of information
c. the information is the same as d. the same amount of information as
X. Choose the sentences - a, b, c or d - which is closest in meaning to the printed one.
54. ‘Will you please water the plants while I’m away?’
a. He begged me to water the plants while he was away.
b. He persuaded me to water the plants while he was away.
c. He asked me to water the plants while he was away.
d. He-wanted to know if I would water the plants while he was away.
55. As I get older, I want to travel less.
a. I’m getting older and older, so I don’t want to travel more.
b. The more I get old, the less I want to travel.
c. I don’t want to travel because of my old age.
d. The older I get, the less I want to travel.
ĐỀ THI TỐT NGHIỆP THPT NĂM 2014 VÀ 2015
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KỲ THI TỐT NGHIỆP TRUNG HỌC PHỔ THÔNG NĂM 2014
Môn thi: TIẾNG ANH
Thời gian làm bài phần trắc nghiệp: 40 phút; phần viết: 20 phút.
I. PHẦN TRẮC NGHIỆM (7,5 điểm)
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to
each of the following questions.
1. Jack:‘Can I borrow your notes, please?’ Jill: ‘________’
A. Well done! B. No, thanks. C. Yes, sure. D. Yes, I can.
2. Candidates have to attach their birth________ to their applications for this position.
A. diplomas B. certificates C. qualifications D. degrees
3. Peter would not have been late for the interview if he________ the bus.
A. hasn’t missed B. hadn’t missed C. doesn’t miss D. didn’t miss
4. It is boring in here. Let’s go________ else for a change.
A. something B. nothing C. nowhere D. somewhere
5. I woke up when the alarm clock________.
A. took off B. turned off C. went off D. put off
6. She wrote her essay carefully to avoid ________ mistakes.
A. make B. making C. being made D. to make
7. My students promised that they would hand in their assignments________.
A. the previous day B. yesterday C. the following day D. tomorrow
8. Jane is a(n) ________girl so she finds it easy to make friends with other students.
A. sociable B. kind C. honest D. shy
9. This is the supermarket________ you can buy almost everything.
A. that B. where C. who D. when
10. Scientists have proposed a possible ________to the problem of global warming.
A. solution B. plan C. result D. effect
11. It is becoming ________challenging to find a good job nowadays.
A better and better B. the better C. the more D. more and more
12. We will leave ________the rain stops.
A. until B. during C. as soon as D. while
13. We are worried ________the current situation of environmental pollution in our country.
A. of B. on C. about D. at
14. Harry Potter books, which ________ by J.K. Rowling, are very popular with children
around the world.
A. were written B. will write C. will be written D. wrote
15. The money that I earn is enough to ________my family’s basic needs.
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A. take B. meet C. see D. give
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose
underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the rest in each of the following
questions.
16. A. enough B. laugh C. cough D. high
17. A. bear B. near C. clear D. hear
18. A. rejects B. believes C. maintains D. confides
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 19 to 23.
In Britain, greetings cards are sold in chain stores and supermarkets, in newsagents’
shops, corner shops and, increasingly, in shops that specialize in the sale of cards and paper
for wrapping presents in.
The most common cards are birthday and Christmas fiords. Many Christmas cards are
sold in aid of charity and special ‘charity card shops are often set up in temporary premises in
the weeks before Christmas. A wide variety of birthday cards is available to cater for
different ages and tastes. Some, especially ones for young children or for people celebrating a
particular birthday, have the person’s age on the front. Many have comic, often risque,
messages printed on them, and cartoon-style illustrations. Others are more sober, with
reproductions of famous paintings or attractive original designs. The usual greeting on a
birthday card is ‘Happy Birthday’, ‘Many Happy Returns’ or ‘Best Wishes for a Happy
Birthday’.
Some people also send special cards for Easter and New Year. Easter cards either
portray images of spring, such as chicks, eggs, lambs, spring flowers, etc, or have a religious
theme.
Cards are produced for every ‘milestone’ in a person’s life. There are special cards for
an engagement, a marriage, a new home, a birth, success in an examination, retirement, a
death in the family, etc. Some are ‘good luck’ or ‘congratulations’ cards. Others, for example
‘get well’ cards for people who are ill, express sympathy.
(Extracted from The Oxford Advanced Learner’s Encyclopedic Dictionary)
19. What is the passage mainly about?

A. Greetings Cards B. Birthday Cards C. Christmas Cards D. Easter Cards
20. The word ‘some’ in paragraph 2 refers to________.
A. young children B. ages and tastes C. card shops D. birthday cards
21. Which of the following is NOT the usual greeting on a birthday card?
A. ‘Best Wishes for a Happy Birthday’ B. ‘Happy Birthday’
C. ‘Good luck’ D ‘Many Happy Returns’
22. The word ‘milestone’ in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to________.
A. a positive view B. a special gift C. an important event D. a
convenient way
23. It can be inferred from the passage that________.
A. greetings cards are used on many different occasions
B. there are few choices of birthday cards
C. greetings cards are not very popular in Britain
D. greetings cards are for children only
indicate the correct word for each of the blanks from 24 to 28.
Most people today take relatively little general exercise. Over the last 30 or 40
years lifestyles have changed considerably and many people now travel even (24)
________shortest distances by car or bus. Lack of exercise combined with eating too many
fatty and sugary foods has meant that many people are becoming too fat. Experts are
particularly concerned that children (25) ________a lot of their free time watching television
or playing computer games instead of being physically active.
In recent years, however, there has been a growing (26) ________in fitness among
young adults and many belong to a sports club or gym. Membership of a sports club or gym
can be (27) ________and not everyone can afford the subscription. Local sports centres are
generally cheaper. Evening classes are also cheap and offer a wide variety of fitness activities
ranging (28) ________yoga to jazz dancing. Some companies now provide sports facilities
for their employees or contribute to the cost of joining a gym.
(Extracted from The Oxford Guide to British and American Culture -
Oxford Advanced Learner’s Coinpass)
24. A. the B. an C. one D. a

25. A. make B. take C. get- D. spend
26. A. interestingly B. interest C. interesting D. interested
27. A. popular B. easy C. cheap D. expensive
28.A. on B. from C. at D. in
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is
CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions.
29. We should join hands to make our city green, clean and elegant.
A. work together B. take action C. put together D. make decisions
30. The woman decided to devote herself full-time to social work.
A. determine B. bring C. help D. dedicate
II. PHẦN VIẾT (2,5 điểm)
Write a paragraph about the school subject that you like best.
You should write at least 80 words.
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KÌ THI TRUNG HỌC PHỔ THÔNG QUỐC GIA NĂM 2015
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Môn thi: TIẾNG ANH
Thời gian làm bà: 90 phút, không kể thời gian phát đề
SECTION A (8 points)
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose
underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following
questions.
1. A. deal B. teach C. break D. clean
2. A. supported B. approached C. noticed D. finished
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs
from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
3. A. recipe B. candidate C. instrument D. commitment
4. A. conceal B. contain C. conserve D. conquer
5. A. advantageous B. oceanic C. compulsory D. influential
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to
each of the following questions.
6. The receptionist, ________answered the phone, told me that the director was out.
A. whose B. whom C. who D. that
7. Changes have been made in our primary schooling program. As a result, young
Children ________do homework any more.
A. needn’t B. oughtn’t C. couldn’t D. haven’t
8. ________the salesman promised to exchange the defective CD player for a new one,
they insisted on getting a refund.
A. Despite B. Although C. And D. But
9. The headmaster has decided that three lecture halls________ in our school next
semester.
A. will build B. will be built C. are being built D. will be building
10. Although MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome) spreads through close contact
with sick people, not through the air, many people still avoid ________to crowded places.
A. to go B. having gone C. gone D. going
11. Students will not be allowed into the exam room if they ________their student cards.
A. produced B. hadn’t produced C. didn’t produce D. don’t produce
12. A large number of inventions and discoveries have been made________ accident.
A. at B. on C. in D. by
13. When asked about their preference for movies, many young people say that they
are in favour________science fiction.
A. in B. for C. of D. With
14. A molecule of water is ________of two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen.
A. composed B. created C. included D. consisted
15. Jane really loves the ________jewelry box that her parents gave her as a birthday
present.
A. nice brown wooden B. brown wooden nice
C. nice wooden brown D. wooden brown nice
16. Global ‘warming will result ________crop failures and famine.
A. of B. to C. in D. from
17. John has finally found a new job after being ________for three months.
A. out of order B. out of mind C. out of work D. out of reach
th
18. Nguyen Thi Anh Vien performed so well in the 28 Sea Games women’s 200m butterfly
that none of her rivals could _____ her.
A. catch up with B. look up to C. come up to D. put up with
19. After the new technique had been introduced, the factory produced _____ cars in 2014
as the year before.
A. twice many as B. as twice many C. as many twice D. twice as many
20. It is ________of businessmen to shake hands in formal meetings.
A. Familiar B. typical C. ordinary D. common
21. Such characters as fairies or witches in Walt Disney animated cartoons are
purely________
A. Imaginary B. imagining C. imaginative D. imaginable
22 . ________at school yesterday when we were informed that there was no class due to
a
sudden power cut.
A. We had arrived hardly B. We have hardly arrived
C. Hardly we had arrived D. Hardly had we arrived
23. Mike and Lane are university students. They are talking about Lane’s upcoming high-
school reunion. Select the most suitable response to fill in the blank.
Mike: “So, you have your fifth high-school reunion coming up?” Lane: “________”
A. Oh, the school reunion was wonderful. B. The food at the reunion was excellent.
C. Yeah. I’m really looking forward to it. D. No. You’re in no mood for the event.
24. Ken and Tom are high-school students. They are discussing where their study group
will meet. Select the most suitable response to fill in the blank.
Ken: “Where is our study group going to meet next weekend?” Tom: “________”
A. We are too busy on weekdays. B. The library would be best.
C. Why don’t you look at the atlas? D. Studying in a group is great fun.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in
meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
25. When Susan invited us to dinner, she really showed off her culinary talents. She
prepared a feast - a huge selection of dishes that were simply mouth-watering.
A. concerning nutrition and health B. involving hygienic conditions and diseases
C. relating to medical knowledge D. having to do with food and cooking
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26. Suddenly, it began to rain heavily, so all the summer hikers got drenched all over.
A. very tired B. refreshed C. completely wet D. cleansed
27. “It’s no use talking to me about metaphysics. It’s a closed book to me.”
A. an object that I really love B. a book that is never opened
C. a subject that I don’t understand D. a theme that I like to discuss
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that
needs correction in each of the following questions.
28. It is common knowledge that solar heating for a large office building is technically
A B C
different from a single-family home.
D
29. The number of homeless people in Nepal have increased sharply due to the recent
A B C
severe earthquake.
D
30. All the candidates for the scholarship will be equally treated regarding of their
age,
A B C
sex, or nationality.
D
31. Since poaching is becoming more seriously, the government has imposed stricter
laws
A B
C
to prevent it.
D
32. Reminding not to miss the 15:20 train, the manager set out for the station in a
hurry.
A B C D
indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 33
to 42.
Library is a collection of books and other informational materials made available to
people for reading, study, or reference. The word library comes (33) ________liber, the
Latin word for “book”. (34) ________, library collections have almost always contained a
variety of materials. Contemporary libraries maintain collections that include not only
printed materials such as manuscripts, books, newspapers, and magazines, (35) ________
audio-visual and online databases. In addition (36) ________maintaining collections within
library buildings, modern libraries often feature telecommunications links that provide users
with access to information at remote sites.
The central mission of a library (37) ________to collect, organize, preserve, and provide
access to knowledge and information. In fulfilling this mission, libraries preserve a
valuable record of culture that can be passed down to (38) ________generations. Libraries
are an. essential link in this communication between the past, present, and future. Whether
the cultural record is contained in books or in electronic formats, libraries ensure (39)
________the record is preserved and made available for later use.
People use library resources to gain information about personal (40) ________or to obtain
recreational materials such as films and novels. Students use libraries to supplement and
enhance their classroom experiences, to learn (41) ________in locating sources of
information, and to develop good reading and study habits. Public officials use libraries to
research legislation and public policy issues. One of the most valued of all cultural
institutions, the library (42) ________in formation and services that are essential to learning
and progress.
From “Library (institution)*by Richard S. Halsey et al.
33. A. from B. in C. to D. out
34. A. Despite B. However C. Therefore D. Instead
35. A. only if B. as well C. or else D. but also
36. A. on B. to C. in D. from
37. A. are B. is C. have D. has
38. A. succeeding B. succeed C. successful D. success
39. A. what B. which C. who D. that
40. A. profits B. attractions C. interests D. appeals
41. A. abilities B. skills C. talents D. capacities
42. A. relates B. applies C. supplies D. digests
Mark the letter A, B, G, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE
in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
43. “Don’t be such a pessimist. I’m sure you’ll soon get over it. Cheer up!”
A. Activist B. feminist C. optimist D. hobbyist
44. “Be quick! We must speed up if we don’t want to miss the flight.”
A. turn down B. look up C. slow down D. put forward
Plants and animals will find it difficult to escape from or adjust to the effects of global
warming. Scientists have already observed shifts in the lifecycles of many plants and animals,
such as flowers blooming earlier and birds hatching earlier in the spring. Many species have
begun shifting where they live or their annual migration patterns due to warmer temperatures.
With further warming, animals will tend to migrate toward the poles and up
mountainsides toward higher elevations. Plants will also attempt to shift their ranges, seeking
new areas as old habitats grow too warm. In many places, however, human development will
prevent these shifts. Species that find cities or farmland blocking their way north or south
may become extinct. Species living in unique ecosystems, such as those found in polar and
mountaintop regions, are especially at risk because migration to new habitats is not possible.
For example, polar bears and marine mammals in the Arctic are already threatened by
260
dwindling sea ice but have nowhere farther north to go.
Projecting species extinction due to global warming is extremely difficult. Some
scientists have estimated that 20 to 50 percent of species could be committed to extinction
with 2 to 3 Celsius degrees of further warming. The rate of warming, not just the magnitude,
is extremely important for plants and animals. Some species and even entire ecosystems, such
as certain types of forest, may not be able to adjust quickly enough and may disappear.
Ocean ecosystems, especially fragile ones like coral reefs, will also be affected by global
warming. Warmer ocean temperatures can cause coral to “bleach”, a state which if prolonged
will lead to the death of the coral. Scientists estimate that even 1 Celsius degree of additional
warming could lead to widespread bleaching and death of coral reefs around the world. Also,
increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere enters the ocean and increases the acidity of
ocean waters. This acidification further stresses ocean ecosystems.
From “Global Warming" by Michael Mastrandrea and Stephen H. Schneider
45. Scientists have observed that warmer temperatures in the spring cause flowers
to________.
A. die instantly B. bloom earlier C. become lighter D. lose color
46. According to paragraph 2, when their habitats grow warmer, animals tend to
move________.
A. south-eastwards and down mountainsides toward lower elevations
B. north-westwards and up mountainsides toward higher elevations
C. toward the North Pole and down mountainsides toward lower elevations
D. toward the poles and up mountainsides toward higher elevations
47. The pronoun “those” in paragraph 2 refers to ________
A. Species B. ecosystems C. habitats D. areas
48. The phrase “dwindling sea ice” in paragraph 2 refers to________.
A. the frozen water in the Arctic B. the violent Arctic Ocean
C. the melting ice in the Arctic D. the cold ice in the Arctic
49. It is mentioned in the passage that if the global temperature rose by 2 or 3 Celsius
degrees, ________ .
A. half of the earth’s surface would be flooded
B. the sea level would rise by 20 centimeters
C. water supply would decrease by 50 percent
D. 20 to 50 percent of species could become extinct
50. According to the passage, if some species are not able to adjust quickly to warmer
temperatures,.
A. they may be endangered B. they can begin to develop
C. they will certainly need water D. they move to tropical forests
51. The word “fragile” in paragraph 4 most probably means ________.
A. very large B. easily damaged C. rather strong D. pretty
hard
52. The bleaching of coral reefs as mentioned in paragraphs indicates________.
A. the water absorption of coral reefs B. the quick growth of marine mammals
C. the blooming phase of sea weeds D. the slow death of coral reefs
53. The level of acidity in the ocean is increased, by________.
A. the rising amount of carbon dioxide entering the ocean
B. the decrease of acidity of the pole waters
C. the extinction of species in coastal areas
D. the loss of acidity in the atmosphere around the earth
54. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Influence of climate changes on human lifestyles
B. Effects of global warming on animals and plants
C. Global warming and possible solutions
D. Global warming and species migration
Overpopulation, the situation of having large numbers of people with too few resources
and too little space, is, closely associated with poverty. It can result from high population
density, or from low amounts of resources, or from both. Excessively high population
densities put stress on available resources. Only a certain number of people can be supported
on a given area of land, and that number depends on how much food and other resources the
land can provide. In countries where people live primarily by means of simple farming,
gardening, herding, hunting, and gathering, even large areas of land can support only small
numbers of people because these labor-intensive subsistence activities produce only small
amounts of food.
In developed countries such as the United States, Japan, and the countries of Western
Europe, overpopulation generally is not considered a major cause of poverty. These countries
produce large quantities of food through mechanized farming, which depends on commercial
fertilizers, large-scale irrigation, and agricultural machinery. This form of production
provides enough food to support the high densities of people in metropolitan areas.
A country’s level of poverty can depend greatly on its mix of population density and
agricultural productivity. Bangladesh, for example, has one of the world’s highest population
densities, with 1,147 persons per sq km. A large majority of the people of Bangladesh
engage in low-productivity manual farming, which contributes to the country’s extremely
high level of poverty. Some of the smaller countries in Western Europe, such as the
Netherlands and Belgium, have high population densities as well. These countries practice
mechanized farming and are involved in high-tech industries, however, and therefore have
high standards of living.
At the other end of the spectrum, many countries in sub-Saharan Africa have population
densities of less than 30 persons per sq km. Many people in these countries practice manual
subsistence farming; these countries also have infertile land, and lack the economic resources
and technology to boost productivity. As a consequence, these nations are very poor. The
United States has both relatively low population density and high agricultural productivity; it
is one of the world’s wealthiest nations.
High birth rates contribute to overpopulation in many developing countries. Children are
assets to many poor families because they provide labor, usually for farming. Cultural norms
in traditionally rural societies commonly sanction the value of large families. Also, the
governments of developing countries often provide little or no support, financial or political,
262
for family planning; even people who wish to keep their families small have difficulty doing
so. For all these reasons, developing countries tend to have high rates of population growth.
From *Poverty’ by Thomas J. Corbett
55. Which of the following is given a definition in paragraph 1?
A. Overpopulation B. Population density C. Simple farming D. Poverty
56. What will suffer when there are excessively high population densities?
A. Available resources B. Skilled labor C. Farming methods D. Land area
57. The phrase “that number” in paragraph 1 refers to the number of________.
A. people B. densities C. resources D. countries
58. In certain countries, large areas of land can only yield small amounts of food
because________.
A. there is lack of mechanization B. there are small numbers of laborers
C. there is an abundance of resources D. there is no shortage of skilled
labor
59. Bangladesh is a country where the level of poverty depends greatly on________.
A. its population density only
B. both population density and agricultural productivity
C. population density in metropolitan areas
D. its high agricultural productivity
60. The phrase “engage in” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to________.
A. escape from B. look into C. give up D. participate in
61. The word “infertile” in paragraph 4 probably means________ .
A. Disused B. impossible C. unproductive D. inaccessible
62. Which of the following is TRUE, according to the passage?
A. In certain developed countries, mechanized farming is applied.
B. In sub-Saharan African countries, productivity is boosted by technology.
C. There is no connection between a country’s culture and overpopulation.
D. All small countries in Western Europe have high population densities.
63. Which of the following is a contributor to overpopulation in many developing countries?
A. High-tech facilities B. Economic resources
C. Sufficient financial support D. High birth rates
64. Which of the following could be the best title for the passage?
A. High Birth Rate and its Consequences B. Overpopulation: A Cause of Poverty
C. Overpopulation: A Worldwide Problem D. Poverty in Developing Countries
SECTION B (2 points)
I. Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the
sentence printed before it. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
1. If John does not change his working style, he will be sacked soon.
Unless '.______________________________________________________________
2. “Would you like to come to my 18th birthday party?” he asked me.
He invited . ______________________________________________________________
3. People believe that this new teaching method is more effective than the old one.
This new teaching method . ____________________________________________________
4. He did not realize how difficult the task was until he was halfway through it.
Not until . ______________________________________________________________
5. It was wrong of you to leave the class without asking for your teacher’s permission.
You should not .
____________________________________________________________
II. In about 140 words, write a paragraph about the benefits of reading books. Write
your paragraph on your answer sheet.
The following prompts might be helpful to you.
- Widening knowledge
- Improving language
- Relaxing
HẾT PHẦN BÀI TẬP
264

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MỤC LỤC

UNIT 1 HOME LIFE

C. Identify the one underlined word or phrase - A, B, C or D that must be

II. LANGUAGE FOCUS

1. a. precede b. reject c. schedule d. wedding

46. a. contrary b. separate c. different d. similar

35. My mother reminded me to remember to water her house plants.

2. The decision has deprived many people of the right to vote.

4. They will announce the Presidents arrival to the waiting journalists.

record – its – on – native – examination - reference – apply – who

II. LANGUAGE FOCUS

1. a. vacancy b. wholesale c. retail d. category

1. a. dune b. funny c. hummock d. shrub

Choose the vowel sound for each of the words below.

UNIT 11: BOOKS

UNIT 12: WATER SPORTS

UNIT 15: WOMEN IN SOCIETY

B. Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct answers.

46. What is the topic of the passage?

II. LANGUAGE FOCUS

14 _________.history, women have always aimed for a recognized place in society.

46. a. admitted b. existed c. located d. joined

19. What is the passage mainly about?

24. A. the B. an C. one D. a

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