Project Chandru

Design And Development Of Solar and Wind Hybrid Power Generation System
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
We require electricity for operating almost all the appliances we use in our day to day life.
So it has become an indispensable part of our life. Now there are two ways to produce electricity
first by using non-renewable sources of energy and second by renewable sources of energy. With
increase in population and advancement of technology, consumption of electricity is also
increasing exponentially. Simultaneously, we have to increase the production of electricity also
in order to meet the demands of growing population. The biggest disadvantage with the usage of
conventional resources is that their usage causes pollution due to the production of various
pollutants like ash in case of a coal power plant, smoke in case of diesel power plant, radioactive
material in case of nuclear power plant. Maintaining these pollutants is not an easy task and it
also requires a lot of money. So we have to find some other methods to produce electricity. The
best possible way is by using non-conventional sources of energy. Out of all the possible options
available in non-conventional sources of energy, solar and wind are the best methods. As tidal
energy can be used only on the sea shores, ocean thermal energy can used in the middle of the
sea and its setup is also very difficult. While solar and wind are available in all the areas of the
world and setting up their power plant is also not a cumbersome task. The availability of solar
energy is a major concern, as it is available for around 8 hours in a day, on the other hand wind is
available almost for 24 hours. But we can do one thing to make up for that problem by
integrating these two together. During foul weather conditions one of them can be used while
during normal weather both can be operated together. So in this paper we will be describing a
solar-wind hybrid power system.
Dept. of Mechanical Engg, 2018-2019 Page 1

1.1 Solar Energy:

Solar energy is that energy which we get from the sun in form of radiation. It does not cause any
kind of pollution, it is inexhaustible. It is available free of cost. Specially, in a country like India
where sun shines for almost 300 days in a year, it is therefore a convenient mode of electricity
production. Meagre amount of investment is involved in setting up a solar power plant and also it
is quite easy to maintain. The efficiency of the system is also quite good. Long life span and less
emission of pollutants are its major advantages.
1.2 Wind Energy:

When air flows then it is having some kinetic energy with it which is known as wind energy.
This kinetic energy is converted into mechanical energy by the wind turbine, which is used to
rotate the shaft of the generator and then electricity is produced. The cost of generation of
electricity is quite less. The initial investment of the system varies depending on the type of
turbine used. The best part about producing electricity with the help of wind energy is that wind
is available for almost 24 hours in day, so there will not be any discontinuous production of
electricity. The output varies with the speed of the wind.
1.3 Hybrid Systems:

Now we have become even more interested in usage of renewable energy sources as an
alternative method of producing electricity. Hybrid systems are basically an integration of solar
panels and wind turbine, the output of this combination is used to charge batteries, this stored
energy can then be transmitted to local power stations. In this system wind turbine can be used to
produce electricity when wind is available and solar energy panels are used when solar radiations
are available. Power can be generated by both the sections at the same time also. The usage of
batteries is to provide uninterrupted power supply. This system requires high initial investment.
But the reliability, long-life span and less maintenance make up for that disadvantage. The power
output of the wind turbine is AC which is converted to DC with the help of a rectifier.

1.4 Statement of Problem:

With rising concerns of greenhouse effect and fuels prices there is need to come up with a
system that will generate electricity at low costs and significantly reduce greenhouse emissions.
A hybrid power system based on renewable energy sources of wind and solar is to be designed.
A remote area in India is selected and based on data on wind speeds and solar insolation and
load profile in the area, the system is designed to meet the demands. The hybrid power system is
expected to be reliable, efficient and cost effective.
1.5 Objectives:
• ECO friendly
• More economical.
• Easy to clean and maintain.
• Its works on renewable energy source called solar energy and wind energy.
• It does not create air pollution & noise.
• Easy to handle.
• Does not required fuel for working hence cost reduce for operation.
• In Remote areas implementing power systems units at each apartment.
• Homes, schools.
• Street lightings covering a large area.
• Off grid applications.
• Traffic signals and in many applications.
1.6 Scope of the Project:

• Study of the problems statement.
• Design a hybrid power system using wind and solar energy.
• Selection of material.
• Fabrication.

• Demonstration and troubleshooting.
• Electrical energy generated result would be obtained from the result of simulation and
converted output data from kinetic energy.
• Investigation feasibility of the energy storage system for the energy generated by hybrid
solar vertical wind turbine system.
1.7 Wind Turbine Types:

There are 2 types namely
• Horizontal axis wind turbine

• Vertical axis wind turbine
For our project we have taken vertical axis wind turbine
1.7.1 Vertical axis wind turbine:

Vertical axis wind turbines are different from traditional wind turbines in that their main axis is
perpendicular to the ground. Their configuration makes them ideal for both rural and urban
settings and offers the owner an opportunity to offset the rising cost of electricity and to preserve
the environment. Besides, they do not need the complicated head mechanisms of conventional
horizontal axis turbines. VAWTs are not affected by the direction of the wind which is useful in
areas where the wind changes direction frequently or quickly. VAWTs are better able to harvest
turbulent air flow found around buildings and other obstacles. This situation is more common in
areas where people live. VAWTs are ideal for both rural and urban applications including roof
top installations.
Fig 1.1: Vertical Axis Wind

Turbine


CHAPTER 2
Literature Survey
1. Ali Diabat (2014) et al
Among the wide range of problems facing our world today, there is global consensus that
greenhouse gas (GHGs) emissions have the largest negative impact on our environment. GHGs
include carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, sulfur hexafluoride, hydro fluorocarbons and per
fluorocarbons. These gases help maintain the temperature of the earth at comfortable levels for
organisms, and a decrease in their levels would result in a temperature that could be too low for
us to survive. However, because GHGs allow sunlight to enter the atmosphere, but trap the heat
radiated off the earth’s surface, an increase in these emissions would result in an increase of the
planet’s temperature, or global warming, to levels that could be fatal to living organisms. Many
scientists also believe that the increase in natural disasters is fueled by climate change, since
atmospheric and oceanic patterns shift as the Earth’s temperature increases.
2. Chandragupta Mauryan K.S et al. (2014)

Nowadays Renewable Energy plays a great role in power system around the world. It is a
demanding task to integrate the renewable energy resources into the power grid .The integration
of the renewable resources use the communication systems as the key technology, which play
exceedingly important role in monitoring, operating, and protecting both renewable energy
generators and power systems. This paper presents about the integration of renewable energy
mainly focused on wind and solar to the grid.
3. Karim Mousa et al. (2014)

Although solar and wind energy are two of the most viable renewable energy sources, little
research has been done on operating both energy sources alongside one another in order to take
advantage of their complementary characters. In this paper, we develop an optimal design for a
hybrid solar-wind energy plant, where the variables that are optimized over include the number
of photovoltaic modules, the wind turbine height, the number of wind turbines, and the turbine
rotor diameter, and the goal is to minimize costs. Simulation studies and sensitivity analysis

reveal that the hybrid plant is able to exploit the complementary nature of the two energy
sources, and deliver energy reliably throughout the year.
4. Medugu et al. (2014)

A hybrid power system consisting of PV-arrays and wind turbines with energy storing devices
(battery bank) and power electronic device was designed and constructed in this paper. The
system is aimed at the production and utilization of the electrical energy coming from more than
one source, provided that at least one of them is renewable. The efficiency of the designed power
electronic device is about 95% and 73% for capacitive and resistive loads respectively. The
integration of the hybrid is to electrify a residential house and its surrounding in order to reduce
the need for fossil fuel leading to an increase in the sustainability of the power supply. This
approaches techno-economically viable for rural electrification.
5. Ashish S. Ingole et al. (2015)

Now a day’s electricity is most needed facility for the human being. All the conventional
energy resources are depleting day by day. So we have to shift from conventional to non-
conventional energy resources. In this the combination of two energy resources is takes place i.e.
wind and solar energy. This process reviles the sustainable energy resources without damaging
the nature. We can give uninterrupted power by using hybrid energy system. Basically this
system involves the integration of two energy system that will give continuous power. Solar
panels are used for converting solar energy and wind turbines are used for converting wind
energy into electricity. This electrical power can utilize for various purpose. Generation of
electricity will be takes place at affordable cost. This paper deals with the generation of
electricity by using two sources combine which leads to generate electricity with affordable cost
without damaging the nature balance.

CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY
3.1Working Principle:
Fig 3.1: Block Diagram of Hybrid System
3.2 Principle of the methods:

The windmill is works on the principle of generating power through the force of the nature (air).
The blades of windmill are rotated due to the force of wind strikes them. The rotating blades are
transmitting the power to the generator through the shaft and gear box and generate the
electricity.
3.3 Working principle:

The rotor is rotated due to the force of wind strikes the blades of windmill. The rotating blades
are transmitting the power to the gear box (driver gear) through rotor from the shaft. In gear box,
the spur and pinion gear mechanism is used which consist of driver and driven gears. The driver
gear is transmitting power to the driven gear. Finally, the gear box is transmitting power to the

Dynamo Generator through shaft in driven gear. The Generator shaft is rotated and same torque
is produced. The Generator generates current and the power will be stored to the battery.
3.4 Construction of the methods:

The main parts are follows below:
• Wind Blades and rotor.
• Solar panel
• Battery
• Shaft
• Power buster
• Gears (spur and pinion gear)
• Electromagnetic Induction Generator (Dynamo Generator)
• Chassis Frame
3.4.1 Wind blades and rotor:

The blade is attached with rotor. The rotor connected with spur gear through shaft. The gear box
consists of spur and pinion gear. The one end of the low speed shaft is connected with driver
gear and other end is connected with rotor turbine of the windmill. The long high speed shaft is
connected at the center of the driven gear. The both end of the shaft is connected with two same
or different generator through coupling.
• Material sheet metal
• Thickness 1.5mm
• Length 609mm
• Width 400mm
3.4.2 Solar Panel:

A Photovoltaic (PV) panel another name is solar panel consists of so many PV cells wired in
parallel to increase current and in series to produce a higher voltage as shown in the fig 3.3. The
module is encapsulated with tempered glass (or some other transparent material) on the front
surface, and with a protective and waterproof material on the back surface. The edges are sealed
for weatherproofing, and there is often an aluminium frame holding everything together in a

mountable unit. In the back of the module there is a junction box, or wire leads, providing
electrical connections. 36 cell modules are the industry standard for large power production.
• Solar panels are devices which absorbs sunlight as a source of energy to generate
electricity.
• A PV module is a packaged, connected assembly of typically photovoltaic solar cells.
• Photovoltaic modules constitute the photovoltaic array of a photovoltaic system that

generates and supplies solar electricity in commercial and residential applications.
• A single solar module can produce only limited amount of power , most installations
contain multiple modules. A photovoltaic system typically includes array of photovoltaic
modules, an inverter, a battery pack of storage, interconnection wiring.
• Dimension 46cm×16cm.
• Weight 1.2Kg.
• Approximate charging time for 12 v 7.5ah battery is 7.4hours.
• 8 watt solar panel.
• Aluminium body which is light in weight.

Fig 3.2: Solar Panel
Selection of Solar Panel
Table 3.1: Selection of Solar Panel
3.4.3 Battery:
Battery is another significant part of our design. These devices store the DC energy from
PV panel in chemical form, and when needed converts the stored chemical energy to
electrical energy as shown in the fig 3.4.
• 12 V 7.5 Ah rechargeable battery
• Weighs approximately around 2-3 kg.
• It is a type of rechargeable battery in which lead move from negative electrode to the
positive electrode during discharge and back when charging.

Fig 3.3: lithium ion battery
3.4.4 Shaft:
The wind-turbine shaft is connected to the center of the rotor. When the rotor spins, the shaft
spins as well. In this way, the rotor transfers its mechanical, rotational energy to the shaft, which
enters an electrical generator on the other end.
• Material mild steel
• Outer dia 45mm
• Inner dia 40mm
3.4.7 Power buster:
1. Bridge Rectifier:
Rectifiers are used to convert the AC power from the wind turbine to DC power to be used in the
charging of batteries and supplying DC loads. These are normally in cooperated in the wind
turbines designed for off-grid operation.
2. Capacitor:
Capacitor are used to control the input power and for the easy storage to the battery
3.4.8 Gears:
1. Spur gear:
Fig 3.4: spur gear

Spur gear is connected to the shaft of the wind turbine and it is moulded to the pinion gear to
maximize the power production in the system.
• Material Stainless Steel

• Dia 100mm
• Pitch 3mm
• Number of teeth’s 67
2. Pinion gear:
Fig 3.5: pinion gear

Pinion gear is coupled to dynamo generation and are also attached to the spur gear to increase the
gear ratio and also the power production in the system
• Material carbon Steel
• Dia 30mm
• Pitch 3mm
• Number of teeth’s 20
3.4.9 Generator:
Fig 3.6: Dynamo Generator

At its most basic, a generator is a pretty simple device. It uses the properties of
electromagnetic induction to produce electrical voltage - a difference in electrical charge.
Voltage is essentially electrical pressure - it is the force that moves electricity, or electrical
current, from one point to another. So generating voltage is in effect generating current. A simple
generator consists of magnets and a conductor. The conductor is typically a coiled wire. Inside
the generator, the shaft connects to an assembly of permanent magnets that surrounds the coil of
wire. In electromagnetic induction, if you have a conductor surrounded by magnets, and one of
those parts is rotating relative to the other, it induces voltage in the conductor. When the rotor
spins the shaft, the shaft spins the assembly of magnets, generating voltage in the coil of wire.
That voltage drives electrical current out through power lines for distribution.

• Input speed: 2500 – 3000 rpm

• Output voltage: 12v
• Max output power: 200w
3.5 Chassis Frame:
Fig 3.7: Chassis Frame
Chassis is considered to be one of the significant structure of a Hybrid system as shown

in the fig 3.7. It is usually made up of mild steel frame, which holds the body, Generator
and battery of the Hybrid system. More precisely, chassis frame is a frame on which
various mechanical parts like solar panel, wind blades, shaft, rotor, battery and generator
are fixed. At the time of manufacturing, the body of the model is flexibly molded
according to the structure of the chassis.
 Material: Mild Steel.
 Length of the Frame: 1300mm.
 Width of the Frame: 890mm

CHAPTER 4
CALCULATION
4.1. WINDTURBINE:
 Area of the turbine = d*h

=0.8*0.6096= 0.4876 m²
 N1= speed of driver in rpm[Rotor]
 N2=speed of driven in rpm [Dynamo]
SI. NO. WIND SPEED N2 in rpm Battery

m/s Condition
1 8.36 250.6 Charging
2 9.54 272.75 Charging
3 10.18 290.37 Charging
4.1.1 Observation:
Table 4.1: Observation

Average wind speed = 9.36 m/sec

 Average speed of rotor N2 = 271.23 rpm
 Discharge:
Q= A*V
Q= 0.4876*9.36
Q= 4.563 m³/min
 Input power P = ½*ρ*A*V³ in watts

p- Air density (assume 1.093 kg/m³)
v- Wind velocity in m/s
P= 0.5*1.093*0.4876*(9.36)³
P= 218.515 watts
 Gear ratio:
N1/N2 = D2/D1
N1/N2 = 33/102
N1/N2 = 0.3235
Therefore N1 = 0.3235N2
 output power of turbine :
P = 218.515*0.3235
P = 70.68 watts
Wind velocity and power output

Table 4.2: Wind Velocity and Power Output
4.2 Solar panel:

Material: silicon semiconductor
Type: dark blue
Panel size: 46cm * 16cm
Maximum power: 7W
DC Battery –
Weight of the battery: 2 kg
SI. Wind velocity (m/s) Power output in watts
NO.
1 8.36 50.36
2 9.54 74.84
3 10.18 90.94
Operating voltage: 12V
Rated current: 7.5 Ah
Type: lithium ion battery
4.3 Power Conversion Efficiency:
The Solar cell Power Conversion Efficiency can be calculated by using the relation,
Power Conversion efficiency =

Where, Input Power Pin = Incident Solar radiation x Area of the Solar panel

= IT x A watt
The output power Pout = V x I
Pin= 500 x 10-3 W/cm2 x 46cm x 16cm
= 368 watt.
Pout = V x I = 12 x 7.5 = 90 watt.
Power Conversion Efficiency = Pout/Pin = 90/368

=0.244565= 24%
CHAPTER 5
TESTING
The Hybrid power generation system was tested for the following purpose:
 Wind generator system power and energy output
The system was tested on 22/05/2019. It was placed on the top of the building and we have
observed it for 3 different conditions by taking 3 trails during morning, afternoon and
evening. The wind speed is taken by the use of anemometer (m/s) and rotor rotating speed is
calculated by using tachometer (RPM) and power produced in the system is observed by
using multimeter and power output is calculated. For the solar panel we have placed it in

sunlight at 1pm -2pm and observed the power generation in multimeter. The corresponding
taken are as shown in the Table5.1.
Table 5.1: Wind and Rotor speed
SI. NO. WIND SPEED Rotor speed Battery

m/s Condition
in RPM
1 8.36 250.6 Charging
2 9.54 272.75 Charging
3 10.18 290.37 Charging
CHAPTER 6
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
In this system results are looked at and analyzed in the following subsections;
1. Solar system power and energy output
2. Wind generator system power and energy output
3. Hybrid power system power and energy output
4. Cost of materials
In the first section the power and energy output of the solar array system is calculated and
relevant analysis made. In the second section the power and energy output of the wind generator
is found by fitting the WTG energy curve into the area of study. Then contributions of the solar

system, wind generator and battery back-up are looked at, analysis made and relevant
conclusions made. Finally the Cost of materials of the system is looked at in the last section.
SI. Wind velocity (m/s) Power output in watts

NO.
6.1
1 8.36 50.36
2 9.54 74.84
3 10.18 90.94
Solar System Power and Energy Output:

The power and energy output of the solar system are calculated using the solar insolation data
module efficiency of 24% and dimensions (46cm*16cm) for the 36 cell module. To obtain the
power output of a solar module equation is used.
The output power Pout = V x I = 12 x 7.5 = 90 watt.

Where P is the power output of the module (kW), V is the voltage, I is the current in Ah.
6.2 Wind Turbine Generator Power and Energy Output:

The energy and power output of the wind generator are estimated in the Wind velocity and
Power Output Table 6.1 and Figure 6.1 give the power output of the wind generator
Wind velocity and power output
Table 6.1: Wind Velocity and Power Output

Wind velocity v/s Power output

100
90 90.94
Power Output in Watts
80
74.84
70
60
50 50.36
40
30
20
10
0
8 8.5 9 9.5 10 10.5
Wind Velocity (m/s)
Fig 6.1:
Wind velocity v/s power output
As shown in the above Fig 6.1 the wind output power increasing with the increase in the wind
velocity. The wind velocity is dependent on atmosphere condition i.e. due to the variation in the
air density. As per the performance test conducted its shows that the output power from wind
generation increases with the wind speed only.

6.3 Hybrid Power System Power and Energy Output:

The hybrid system power output is given in Table 6.2
Table 6.2: Hybrid Power System Power Output

SI. Solar power Wind power Wind + solar Hybrid system
NO. Output Output Power output Output
(watts) (watts) (watts) (watts)
1 90 50.36 140.36 140.36
2 90 74.84 164.84 164.84
3 90 90.94 180.94 180.94
As shown in the above Table 6.2: Hybrid Power System Power Output. By integrating the
solar and wind turbine, the output power will be high to meet required amount of power will
be stored in battery. The hybrid power system is capable of meeting the load throughout the 24
hour period with battery back-up boosting the supply for peak load. Hybrid systems are
basically an integration of solar panels and wind turbine, the output of this combination is used
to charge batteries, this stored energy can then be transmitted to local power stations. In this
system wind turbine can be used to produce electricity when wind is available and solar energy
panels are used when solar radiations are available. Power can be generated by both the
sections at the same time also. The usage of batteries is to provide uninterrupted power supply.
This system requires high initial investment. But the reliability, long-life span and less
maintenance make up for that disadvantage.

6.4 COST OF MATERIALS:
Product Name Quantity Cost

1.Solar Panel 1 Rs. 1,736
2.Aluminium sheets 4 Rs. 1500
3.Mild Steel Frame 3 Rs. 800
4.Shaft Rod 1 Rs. 950
5.shaft pipes 2 Rs. 700
6. Lithium ion battery 1 Rs. 1,195
7.ball bearings 2 Rs. 500
8.dynamo generator 1 Rs. 1500
9.wires and labour cost - Rs.800
Total: Rs. 9681
CHAPTER 7
CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE

7.1 Conclusion:
This project work has provided us an excellent opportunity and experience, to use our
limited knowledge. We gained a lot of practical knowledge regarding, planning, purchasing,
assembling and machining while doing this project work. We feel that the project work is a good
solution to bridge the gates between institution and industries.
We are proud that we have completed the work with the limited time
successfully. The Solar and Wind Hybrid Power Generation System is working with
satisfactory conditions. We are able to understand the difficulties in maintaining the tolerances
and also quality. We have done to our ability and skill making maximum use of available
facilities.
In conclusion remarks of our project work, let us add a few more lines about our
impression project work.
Thus we have developed a “Solar and Wind Hybrid Power Generation System” which helps
to know how to achieve non-conventional power generation. By using more techniques, they can
be modified and developed according to the applications.
7.2 Future Scope:

Majorly the low wind speeds provided the biggest challenge in the design of the system.
This can be improved by the use of taller towers which come with extra costs. The success of the
stand-alone hybrid power systems is dependent on user being well informed. Many such systems
have failed because the user thought they could get more than they could actually get from the
system. Hence proper user education should be done to ensure the success of the system.
The ministry of energy should work with the meteorological department to provide precise
data on wind and solar resource that could help in designing of more such systems that can help
elevate rural areas economies.
Combination of improved technology and economies of scale has pushed down the cost of
renewable energy technologies. Renewable energy technologies are already the least cost
electrification option in rural areas even without internalizing environmental costs. The initial
high costs are offset by the low operational and maintenance cost and the longer expected useful
life of renewable energy technologies.
APPENDIX-A
3D CAD MODELS

Front View
Top view

Side View
(Solar Panel) Isometric view

APPENDIX-B
2D DRAWINGS
Model

Chassis Frame
Solar Panel

APPENDIX-C
MODEL IMAGES


REFERENCES
1. Ashish S. Ingole*, Prof. Bhushan S. Rakhonde, “Hybrid Power Generation System Using
Wind Energy and Solar Energy” International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications,
Volume 5, Issue 3, March 2015.
2. Karim Mousa1, Hamzah AlZu’bi2, Ali Diabat3, “Design of a Hybrid Solar-Wind Power Plant
Using Optimization”
3. Medugu, D. W. & Michael, E., “Integrated Solar – Wind Hybrid Power Generating System for
Residential Application”, Global Journal of Researches in Engineering: F Electrical and
Electronics Engineering, Volume 14 Issue 4 Version 1.0 Year 2014.
4. Rashid Al Badwawi, Mohammad Abusara & Tapas Mallick, “A Review of Hybrid Solar PV
and Wind Energy System”, Smart Science Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 127-138(2015).
5. Rashid Al Badwawi1,*, Mohammad Abusara1 and Tapas Mallick1, “A Review of Hybrid

Solar PV and Wind Energy System”, Smart Science Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 127-138(2015).
6. R. Chedid, “A DECISION SUPPORT TECHNIQUE FOR THE DESIGN OF HYBRID

SOLAR-WIND POWER SYSTEM”, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 13, No. 1,
March 1998.
7. Sandeep Kumar1, Vijay Kumar Garg2, “A HYBRID MODEL OF SOLAR-WIND POWER

GENERATION SYSTEM”, International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical,
Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Vol. 2, Issue 8, August 2013.

8. Vaibhav J. Babrekar, Shraddha D. Bandawar, Ashwini R. Behade, “Review Paper on Hybrid

Solar-Wind Power Generator”, International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)
Volume 165 – No.5, May 2017

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Design And Development Of Solar and Wind Hybrid Power Generation System

Dept. of Mechanical Engg, 2018-2019 Page 1

1.1 Solar Energy:

1.2 Wind Energy:

1.3 Hybrid Systems:

Dept. of Mechanical Engg, 2018-2019 Page 2

1.4 Statement of Problem:

• Easy to clean and maintain.

• It does not create air pollution & noise.

• In Remote areas implementing power systems units at each apartment.

• Street lightings covering a large area.

• Off grid applications.

• Traffic signals and in many applications.

1.6 Scope of the Project:

• Design a hybrid power system using wind and solar energy.

Dept. of Mechanical Engg, 2018-2019 Page 3

• Demonstration and troubleshooting.

1.7 Wind Turbine Types:

• Horizontal axis wind turbine

For our project we have taken vertical axis wind turbine

1.7.1 Vertical axis wind turbine:

Fig 1.1: Vertical Axis Wind

Dept. of Mechanical Engg, 2018-2019 Page 4

Dept. of Mechanical Engg, 2018-2019 Page 5

2. Chandragupta Mauryan K.S et al. (2014)

3. Karim Mousa et al. (2014)

Dept. of Mechanical Engg, 2018-2019 Page 6

4. Medugu et al. (2014)

5. Ashish S. Ingole et al. (2015)

Dept. of Mechanical Engg, 2018-2019 Page 7

Fig 3.1: Block Diagram of Hybrid System

3.2 Principle of the methods:

3.3 Working principle:

Dept. of Mechanical Engg, 2018-2019 Page 8

3.4 Construction of the methods:

3.4.1 Wind blades and rotor:

3.4.2 Solar Panel:

Dept. of Mechanical Engg, 2018-2019 Page 9

• A PV module is a packaged, connected assembly of typically photovoltaic solar cells.

• Photovoltaic modules constitute the photovoltaic array of a photovoltaic system that

• Approximate charging time for 12 v 7.5ah battery is 7.4hours.

• 8 watt solar panel.

• Aluminium body which is light in weight.

Dept. of Mechanical Engg, 2018-2019 Page 10

Fig 3.2: Solar Panel

Selection of Solar Panel

Table 3.1: Selection of Solar Panel

Dept. of Mechanical Engg, 2018-2019 Page 11

Fig 3.3: lithium ion battery

3.4.7 Power buster:

Fig 3.4: spur gear

• Material Stainless Steel

Dept. of Mechanical Engg, 2018-2019 Page 12

Fig 3.5: pinion gear

Fig 3.6: Dynamo Generator

Dept. of Mechanical Engg, 2018-2019 Page 13

• Input speed: 2500 – 3000 rpm

3.5 Chassis Frame:

Fig 3.7: Chassis Frame

 Input power P = ½ρA*V³ in watts