Drilling Tools - 1

Training & Development
© 2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.

Drilling Tools
Slide 2

Agenda
Whipstocks
Reamers
TurboDrills
Impact Tools

Whipstocks
Overview
Slide 4

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Topics 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Basic Whipstock System Components
Trackmaster Plus Whipstock Systems
Exercise

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Introduction 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
What is a sidetrack?
Exit window from an existing wellbore
Reason for a sidetrack?

Failure in wellbore
– Around a fish
Increase production
Multilateral
Directional Control
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Whipstock System Components 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Retrieval Tool
Orientation System
Bypass Valve
Running Tool
Mills
Whipstock
Anchor

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Whipstocks System Components
Retrieval Tool
Slide 8

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Die Collar 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Superior Design
Cut Lip Guide Design
Tapers deep for strong engagement
Deep bore avoids premature engagement

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Hook Assembly 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Alternate Retrievable Method
Orient with Gyro or MWD
Torque Not Required
High overpull strength
Nozzle

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Orientation Systems
Slide 11

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Orientation System 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Wireline Surveying
Measurement-While-Drilling

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
By-Pass Valve
Slide 13

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
By-Pass Valves-NAMCBV 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Non-Advancing Multi Cycle By-Pass

Valve
Allows Drilling fluid to be pumped
Orientate with MWD
6 Cycles to close valve

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
By-Pass Valves-High Flow By-Pass Valve 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Allows low-flow circulation to annulus
Orientation by Gyro
Increase flow rate sets anchor

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Running Tools
Slide 16

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Running Tools 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Piston keeps mud & hydraulic fluid

separate
Piston Volume sized for fluid expansion
Circulations port open after slips set

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Mills
Slide 18

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Mills 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Trackmaster Mills utilize 3 different materials for cutters
Crushed Sintered Carbide
Tungsten Carbide Inserts (TCI)
Polycrystalline Diamond Compacts

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Mills 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Milling Assembly
Dress Mill
Follow
Lead
Mill Selection
Bi-Mill
Tri-Mill

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
FasTrack Mill 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Breaker Bolt Shear Values 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Whipstock Assembly Break Bolt Shear Values (lb)

Size (in)
16 100,000
13-3/8 75,000
11-3/4 75,000
10-3/4 75,000
9-5/8 55,000
8-5/8 40,000
7-5/8 40,000
7 35,000
5-1/2 20,000
5 15,000
4-1/2© 2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved. 15,000
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Whipstocks
Slide 24

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Whipstocks 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Fast
Full Gauge Section Cutout
Mid-Ramp
Ramp

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Mid-Ramp Technology 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
15° Actual
Trackmaster Slide
Profile
15°
Equivalent
Trackmaster Slide
Profile

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Hinge Pin
Slide 27

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Hinge Pin 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
All Anchor attached via Hinge Pin
Allows for different connections
Assembly can swivel & move

Flexibility through dog legs

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Anchors
Slide 29

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Anchors 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Mechanically Set
Hydraulically Set
Expandable

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Mechanically Set 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Cased Hole Only
3,000 to 3,500 lbf triggers slips

Second weight sets Slips
Requires solid base
Built in Shearing Mechanism

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Hydraulically Set 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Used only for cased hole
Set with 3,000 psi to 3,500psi

Pressure applied by By-Pass Valve
Absorbs load variations

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Expandable 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Multiple casing sizes & open hole
Hydraulically actuated
Ample bypass area
Anti-rotations, high axial load slip design

Trackmaster Whipstock

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Trackmaster Plus Whipstock Systems
Slide 35

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Trackmaster Plus Standard 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Definitions & Applications

Recommended for exiting standard steel casing
Low to Medium strength formations
3 to 15 ft ratholes
Features & Benefits

Full Gauge, usable window & rathole
Ability to run conventional drilling assemblies
One Trip system
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Components
Consist of combination of following components
Trackmaster Plus Whipstock
FasTrack Tri-Mill
Carbide Tri-Mill

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Components cont.
Mechanical Anchor Expandable Anchor
Hydraulic Anchor
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Trackmaster Plus Whipstock 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Multi ramp design
Delivers quality full gauge window
Provides low dogleg severity across exit
Hook retrieval slot for reliable recovery
Trackmaster Plus Whipstock

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Ideal for conventional & extended ratholes
Includes Lead, Follow & Dress Mill
Consistant, fast, reliable milling performance
FasTrack Tri-Mill

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Carbide Mill 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Ideal for both ratholes of 3 to 15 feet
Millmaster carbide technology

COST Effective performance
Carbide Tri-Mill

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Trackmaster Plus Hard Formation Whipstock System 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars

Designed for hard formations
3 to 15 ft ratholes
Features & Benefits

Mill up to 15 feet in hard formations

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Components
Trackmaster Plus Hard Formation Whipstock
Hard Formation Bi-Mill

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Components cont.
Mechanical Anchor Expandable Anchor
Hydraulic Anchor
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Trackmaster Plus Hard Formation Whipstock 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Shortened full gauge section for quick departure
Hook retrieval slot for reliable recovery
Trackmaster Plus Hard Formation Whipstock

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Hard Formation Bi-Mill 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
High density PDC cutting structure

Provides wear and impact resistance
Lead & Follow Mill
Hard Formation Bi-Mill

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Trackmaster Plus Flow-By Whipstock System 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars

Designed for application for multiple production zones
Features & Benefits

Whipstock allows fluid to flow by it
Maintain production when sidetrack is occurring

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Trackmaster Plus Flow By Whipstock System 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Components
Trackmaster Plus Flow By Whipstock
FasTrack Tri-Mill
Carbide Tri-Mill
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Components cont.
Expandable Anchor

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Machined slots facilitates fluid flow past

Delivers a quality full gauge hole
Provides low dogleg across window
Hook Retrieval slot for reliable recovery
Trackmaster Plus Flow By Whipstock

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Trackmaster Plus GeoTrack Whipstock System 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars

Designed to
– Orientate
– Anchor whipstock
– Mill window
– Drill directional extended rathole
Features & Benefits

PDM with patented Lock-Up system
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Trackmaster Plus GeoTrack Whipstock System 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Components
Trackmaster Plus GeoTrack Whipstock
Expandable Anchor
GeoTrack Mill

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Trackmaster Plus Open-Hole Whipstock System 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars

Go around fish or other obstruction
Configured with traditional tie-in or inflatable packer
May require multiple trips
– One to engage anchor
– One or more to sidetrack & continue drilling

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Trackmaster Plus Open-Hole Whipstock System 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Components
Consist of combination of following components:
Hydraulic Swivel
Cement Deflector
Open Hole Deflector (Non-cemented)
Inflatable Anchor
Tie-In Anchor (Non-cemented)

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Trackmaster Plus Thru Tubing Whipstock System 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars

Recommended for exiting standard steel casing below
production tubing or other restriction
Drill 3 to 15 feet of rathole
Non-Retrievable
Features & Benefits
Geometry compensates for size difference between casing &
tool
Hydraulically activated kick-over hinge positions & stabilizes
whipstock © 2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Trackmaster Plus Thru Tubing Whipstock System 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Components
FasTrack Bi-Mill
Expandable Anchor
Trackmaster Plus Thru Tubing
Whipstock
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Whipstocks System Selection
Slide 57

Whipstock Selection
Well Type? Restriction? Casing Grade? Formation? Bottom? Rathole?
Openhole?
N Thru-Tubing?
N CRA?
N Hard or
Abrasive N Flow-By N Need to
Steer
N Trackmaster
Plus Whip
Formation? Required? Rathole?
Y GeoTrack Whip
Y Y Y Y Y
Flow-By Whip
Flow-By N Hard Formation Whip

Required?
Y Special
Hard or
Abrasive N Flow-By N CRA Whip
Formation? Required? (under development)
Y Y Special
N Hard or
Abrasive
N
CRA? Formation? Thru-Tubing Whip
Y Y Special
To be
N
Openhole Deflector
Cemented?
Y © 2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved. Cementing Whip

Mill Selector
Mill
Well Type? Casing Grade? Bottom?
Restriction? Formation? Rathole?
To be N Shear Sub with Mill or
Cemented? Bit on 2nd Run
Y
Y Cementing
Running Tool
N
N N Hard or
Abrasive Need Long
N Trackmaster Plus
Openhole? CRA? Carbide Tri-Mill
Formation? Rathole?
Y Y Y
Need to
Steer N Trackmaster Plus
FasTrack Tri-Mill
Rathole?
Y GeoTrack Mill
Need Long
Rathole?
N Hard Formation Mill
Y
May Require
Two Trips
Hard or
Abrasive
N Need Long N CRA Mill
Rathole? (under development)
Formation?
Y
Y May Require
© 2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved. Two Trips
Anchor Selection
Well Type? Bottom?
Cementing Tailpipe
Inflatable Anchor *
Y Y Y Tie-In Anchor
N N N
To be Cemented? Flow Barrier
Attach to Fish?
Needed?
Y
N N N Flow Barrier
N Bridge
plug, low
N Hydraulic
N Trackmaster Plus *
Openhole? Thru-Tubing? Multilateral? angle & low Limitation to
Needed? Expandable Anchor
alloy casing? Set Anchor?
Y Mechanical or
Y Y Y Y Expandable Anchor
Y Trackmaster Plus *
Expandable Anchor
Contact Engineering w/Pack-off Sub
(under development)
Thru-Tubing
Expandable Anchor
* need running tool & bypass valve

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Whipstock System Selection 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Need to select the most logical whipstock components for each

application
Orientation Method
By-Pass Valve
Mill
Whipstock
Anchor
Take all factors into consideration

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Application # 1 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Cased Hole
Standard Steel Casing
Medium Strength Formation behind casing
Customer request 10 ft rathole
Cost Effective
Pumps can provide adequate press to set anchor

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Cased Hole
Sonic Log values show readings of 55 sec through interval

depth
15 foot rathole
Whipstock assembly rest on bridge plug

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Underreamers
Slide 64

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Topics 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Eccentric vs Concentric Reamer

Conventional Underreamers
Rock Type (RTU)
Drilling Type (DTU)
Reamaster (XTU)
Eccentric Reamers
Stage Hole Openers (SHO)
RHINO
Exercise
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Types of Underreamers 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Conventional Underreamers
Rock Type (RTU)
Drilling Type (DTU)
Reamaster (XTU)
Eccentric Reamers
Stage Hole Openers (SHO)
RHINO

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Fixed Fixed Concentric

Diameter
Hole
Openers Staged
Under-Reamers Hole
(RC / PDC) Openers
(SHO)
Expandable
Concentric
Bi-Centre Bits
Rhino Reamers (Eccentric)
Quad Reamers
(Eccentric)
Eccentric
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Eccentric Vs Concentric 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Eccentric
Rotation axis not geometric center
Quad-D Tools are Eccentric Drilling
Devices
Concentric
Having a common center
SHO Tools, Rhino Reamers are Concentric

Drilling Devices

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Eccentric Tools 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Advantages Disadvantages
Used on Motor Lower portion of tool must be
stabilized to drill “drill diameter”
Does not Require “Pull Test” Limitation of max tool diameter

Mass Imbalanced
No surface mechanism to set Cannot Open an existing hole

tool No Backreaming

Bi-Center Bits

Bi-Center Bits

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Concentric Tools 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Advantages Disadvantages
No interference fit limitation for Must be activated from surface
casing Cannot be used below restricts
No Mass Imbalance issues that are smaller then balls
Open pre-existing hole Cannot be ran with steerable
Activation of tool can be motor in sliding mode
checked
Backreaming

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Rock Type Underreamers (RTU) 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Features & Benefits

Wide Selection of Cone & Cutter Types
Different Size Nozzles for Hydraulics

Optimization
Cutter Arms can be quickly changed
3 Cone Design; accommodates large cones

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Applications
Medium to hard formation
Medium length intervals
Vertical & low angle holes
Cost effective underreaming a pilot hole
Open hole gravel pack completions
Accommodating special casing programs
Opening a section in preparation for sidetracking

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Limitations
Non-Radial jetting of the drilling fluids may effect
performance of Cutters
Not advised for long intervals, soft formation,

directional applications or where possible
sidetracking may occur
– Due to not having connection below tool

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Drilling Type Underreamers (DTU) 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Features & Benefits

Milled Tooth & PDC Cutters available
API REG, bottom-box connection
Ability to flow mud through underreamer to tool
below
Cutter arms can be changes quickly for specific
applications

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Applications
Wiping out Bridges & Key Seats
Faulted zones and swelling formations
Run with a bullnose or bit underneath
UWD in certain applications
– Soft formations & Vertical Wellbores

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Limitations
Smaller cone sizes may limit downhole life
Smaller hinge pin size
Maximum BHA below is 90 ft
Soft formation and Vertical Wellbores

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Reamaster (XTU) 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Features & Benefits

One-Piece forged Arms
– Forged arms withstand high shock & torque loads
– Single Large Diameter Hinge pin
– Ability to run more drilling weight on tool
Customized Cutters
– Sealed bearings provide longer on-bottom life
– Milled Tooth, TCI & PDC Cutting Structures

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Applications
Reduced Clearance Casing Programs
Reduces overall casing and cementing costs
High formation strength requires higher WOB
Well Economics dictates the need for higher
strength & more robust tool
UWD in a Vertical Wellbore

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Limitations
Non-Reusable Arms
Temperature Rating
– Buna Nitrite 250° – 300°F (121° – 149° C)
– Viton 350° – 400°F (177° – 204° C)

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Quad-D Reamer 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Dual Diameter Drift & Drill Reamer

Ability to Drill Out & Drill Ahead
Flexibility in BHA Configuration
Rotary Steerable & MWD Logging Tools Below
Flexility in Drill Bit Configuration
PDC or Roller Cone Bits

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Quad-D Reamers 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
QDG (Quad-D GeoReam)

Near Bit placement
Use with Roller Cone Bits
QDR (Quad-D Reamer)
Drill String placement
Best Suited for RSS Applications
Manipulate connections for multiple BHA
Configurations
QDG
QDR
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Drill Diameter
Drift Diameter
Pilot Conditioning
Section Diameter*
Pilot Bit Diameter
* Pilot Conditioning Section

Diameter is equal to the
Separate Pilot Bit Maximum Tool Diameter
Diameter
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Maximum Tool Diameter limitations
Cannot enlarge existing hole
Lowermost portion of tool must be

stabilized

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Staged Hole Openers (SHO) 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Engineered Cutting Structure

All Steel Body
Typically used with Rotary & Rotary Steerable
BHA’s
Have been used below motors
Potential vibration issues due to Higher RPM
Rotation from surface

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Stage 2
Stage 1
(Pilot Bit) Stage 3
Stage 4
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Stage 1: Pilot Bit Size

SHO’s typically run with
Roller Cone
PDC Bits
Bull Nose

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Stage 2: SHO Pilot Bit Size Section

One or Two Rows of cutter to recondition pilot hole
Gauge pads provide initial tool stabilization

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Stage 3: SHO Pilot Reaming/Conditioning Section

Efficient cutting structure layout open initial diameter
Re-Centralizes SHO to pilot trajectory
Gauge Pads provide main SHO stabilization

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Completes the opening to final hole diameter

Gauge trimmers and spiral pads ensure hole quality
Gauge pad length and protection variable
Backreaming option available

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Hydraulics
Hydraulically Optimized Stage 4
Nozzles clean each stage
4 blade
Nozzles oriented up the
wellbore to minimize hole
washout

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
SHO Plan View

Large Junk Slots for effective
cutting removal
ID Bore drilling string
compatible
– Allows common tools to pass

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
RHINO Reamers 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Expandable, concentric reaming tool

Enlarges pilot hole by 25%
Improves running casing, cementing clearance & ECD
Can enlarge pilot holes ranging from 4-1/2” – 24”
Concentric hole enlargement provides smooth wellbore
For use in simultaneous drilling and hole enlargement where
reliability is critical

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Features & Benefits

Reliable ball drop activation method
Dependable cutter block retraction
Aggressive PDC cutter blocks for high ROP in a wide range
of formations
Backreaming capability to ensure full gauge hole
Integrated jet nozzles and flow paths to improve clean-out
while drilling

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Applications
Rotary Steerable Systems
Extended Reach Drilling (ERD)
Backreaming
Highly abrasive formations
3500 series RHINOS are compatible with Thru-Tubing
Rotary Steerable Systems

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Tool Function 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Cost Savings to Customer

Drill shoe track, Drill Ahead & Enlarge
Saves Customer 1-2 additional Trips
Trip Drilling Underreaming Days Estimated
Time Hours only Hours Cost
Hole enlargement only 86 100 80 11.1 8.3 million
Hole enlargement while drilling 47 108.5 0 6.48 4.9 million
Actual directional application at 10,220 ft. in GOM with an estimated daily rate of $750,000/day
Estimated customer savings of 3.4 million with simultaneous drilling & hole
enlargement
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Lower Mandrel Cap
Lower Cap
Lower Mandrel
Drive Ring
Cutter Block
Spring Cover
Spring Retainer Shear

Screw
Piston
Upper Cap
Jet Nozzles
Drive Ring
Retainer
Spring Inner
Mandrel

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Activation 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Activation 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Cutter Block Generations 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Generation 1 Generation 2 Generation 3 Generation 4

ISB
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Generation 1 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Introduced 2003
Capable of both underreaming and back-

reaming
Well stabilized design

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Generation2 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Introduced 2007
Added pre-flat cutters to gauge for quicker
cut-out
More passive back rake angle on trailing
row
Opened up flow path across cutting
structure

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
IDEAS System Blocks (ISB)

Introduced 2008
Designed in IDEAS for improved dynamic
stability
Early generation ONYX cutters available
for custom application designs (ICB)
Pre-flat cutters on gauge removed
ISB
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Introduced 2010
IDEAS designed
Single Set design
(3 different blocks)
Added diamond volume on
wear exposed areas
10000 11625
Enhanced gauge stabilization
ONYX Cutter Available
8000 16000

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Cutting Structure Terminology 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Gauge Cutters
Shoulder
Cutters
Backreaming
Cutters
Gauge Pad
Trailing Row
Leading Row

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Design Philosophy 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
ISB (Generation 2) Predator (8000, 5625 & New 11625)

Plural Set Cutter Layout
Single Set Design
Medium Profile
15° Backrake Tight Radius Profile
2 Rows per Block Either 2 or 3 rows of cutters
Symmetric Design Introduction of 3rd row on 14250 & 11625
Asymmetric Design
Predator (16000, 14250, 11625 & 10000)
Single Set Design
Tapered Profile
15° Backrake
Introduction of 3rd row on 14250 & 11625
Symmetric Design

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
ISB Vs. Predator Cutter Blocks 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
14250 ISB Cutter Blocks
Reduced back Reduced gage cutters &

reaming cutting longer stabilizer pad
structure
14250 Predator
Cutter Blocks
Longer, more gradual profile

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
ISB Vs. Predator Cutter Blocks 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
14250 ISB Cutter Blocks
Introduction of 3rd
Row on some
14250 Predator designs
Cutter Blocks

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Common Dulls of ISBs 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Symptom Cause Remedy
Cutter work rate Distribute load over

cutting structure more
evenly
Worn and
broken PDC
Impact damage Reduced load on
cutters
cutters
Thermal Thermally stable PDC

degradation inserts

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
IDEAS Analysis 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Load and work rate carried predominantly by

relatively few shoulder cutters, leading to
abrasive wear and undercutting of shoulder
cutters causing block failure
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Predator Features 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Backreaming Cutting Structure Ensures
borehole quality in all formation types
Stabilizer/Gauge Pad
Helps reduce vibration
Stabilizer Pad /
Single
Passive Gage
Set design
Z-Drive Tongue
& Groove Actuation
For reliable block deployment
and retraction
Cutting Structure
Optimized in IDEAS to
reduce vibration
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Smoother

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Exercises 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Select the most logical underreamer for the application

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Cost Effective
One Run
Rig Rate: $1,000,000 per day
Interval Length of 3,000 ft
Formation: UCS Range - 10,000 psi to 20,000 psi
Need to open hole to 10.625” to accommodate addition clearance

for more cement

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Cumm.
Diameter Lengt
Type/ Description Weight
(in) h (ft)
(klbm)
Roller Cone Bit 8.5 1 0.1
PD675-X5 AB 9.5 SlickCC 6.75 13.47 1.4
8.375 NM IB RT Stab 6.75 8 8
ARC-8 6.75 18 4.1
Telescope 875W/Filter 6.75 24.69 6.1
Reamer 7.25 12.5 7.4
6-3/4 NMDC 6.75 31 10.5
6-3/8 NM Spiral Stab 6.75 5 11.0
6-3/4 NMDC 6.75 31 14.1
9x5 HWDP 5 279 28.7
Hydraulic Jar 6.5 31.16 30.3
11x5 HWDP 5 341 48.2
5" 19.5 DPS 4.92 7004 212.1
5"25.6 DPS 4.92 9200
461.6
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Cost Effective
Rig Rate: $25,000 per day
Interval Length of 1,500 ft existing hole
Formation: Medium UCS with High UCS stringers
– Needs the ability to use High WOB through stringers
Vertical Hole

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Cost Sensitive
Needs to clean out swelling shale section of wellbore

Pilot Hole already exists
Vertical Wellbore
Hydraulics at bit is essential due to balling issues

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
TurboDrills
Slide 123

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Smith Neyrfor Areas of Activity 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Agenda 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
• History & Introduction

• Basic Turbine Design
• Turbo-
Turbo-Drilling Advantages
• Steerable Systems
• Turbine Applications

1. Whipstocks
Introduction To TurboDrilling
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars

• Turbo-

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
History Of Turbines 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
1873 - First US Patent issued for a ‘Turbo-bit’
1924 - US Patent for a multi-stage Turbodrill
1956 - First Neyrfor turbine run
1960(approx.) – first turbo diamond bit run
1982 - First Steerable Turbodrill
1986 - First Weir Turbodrill
1992 - Steerable Turbodrill (c/with bent housing)
2002 - Sii NEYRFOR formed after acquisition of

Neyrfor & Tiebo
2010 - SLB Neyrfor formed after acquisition of Sii

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Introduction To Turbines 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
What is a turbine?
WWII era steam turbine used for ship propulsion A turbine is a rotary engine
that extracts (converts)
mechanical energy from fluid
flow (hydraulic energy).
Gas turbine © 2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.

1. Whipstocks
Introduction To Turbines
Drilling Turbine Power Stage
2.
3.
Underreamers
TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Inside A Turbine 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
TurboDrill Operating Characteristics 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
TurboTach™ 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Turbo-Drill Operating Characteristics 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
The Turbodrilling Mantra 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Pressure = Power =
ROP

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars

• Turbo-

Turbo-Drill Power Section Components & Assembly
Mk#1 Blades
Constant Press. Drop
with variable RPM
Mk#2 Blades
Pressure Profile –
drops with lower RPM
Mk#3 Blades
Hi-PressureProfile -
drops with lower RPM
Direct Drive Turbine Staging

•Stages are arranged radially about drive
Turbine Blade Arrangement shaft
Turbine Blade Geometry Turbine Blade Flow
•Stator – compression fit, no rotation •Each stage power is cumulative with the
•Airfoil / Wing shapes •Wake turbulence & efficiency
relative to turbine housing subsequent stage (inlet-discharge flow
•Angle of attack (fluid to blade) •Bernoulli’s 2nd Law
•Rotor – fixed to shaft and free to regime).
•Wake length & magnitude •Forces & pressure differentials
rotate and thus drive shaft
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Turbo-Drill Tool Configuration 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Rig Replaceable Stabilizer Rig Replaceable Stabilizer Rig Replaceable Stabilizer
Lower Bearing Section Turbine Power Section #1 Turbine Power Section #2 Turbine Power Section #3
3 x Turbine Power Sections = T3

Each Power Section contains 82 stages = 246 stages
Each Stage, in this case, uses Mk1 Blades
Therefore this turbine is a . . .
T3-BSA Mk1 Blades, with 246 stages
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Turbo-Drill Tool Configuration 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Rig Replaceable Stabilizer Rig Replaceable Stabilizer Rig Replaceable Stabilizer
Lower Bearing Section Turbine Power Section #1 Turbine Power Section #2 Turbine Power Section #3
Radial
Bearings
Labyrinths
Drive Shaft
Thrust
Bearings
T3-BSA Mk1 Blades, with 246 stages

Why BSA?
Each turbine requires a lower bearing section in order to counter
the axial and radial thrust loading
There are two lower bearing sections currently available:
1. BSA - Bearing Section Assembly
© 2. FBS – AllFlexible
2010 Schlumberger. rights reserved.Bend Shaft
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Low-friction PDC Thrust Bearing 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
A critical component for Neyrfor Turbodrills

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Steerable Turbodrill Design 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Titanium Single power

Section
Flex Shaft
Lower Radial Bearing Interchangeable Intermediate

(High Temperature) Stabiliser
Adjustable Bent
Housing
Interchangeable Lower
Bearing Stabiliser Turbine Stages
(Pressure-profile type)
PDC Thrust Bearings

(High Temperature)
Pin-Ended Shaft
Box Connection Bit With

Integral Turbine Sleeve
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Turbodrill Tool Diameters 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Turbodrill Nomenclature 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
‘Steering’ or Straight-Hole TurboDrilling 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
T3-BSA Mk1
BSA Mk1
Hole T3
T2 Mk1
Straight-Hole T2-BSA
Straight-Hole
Steerable FBS-T2
Steerable FBS-T1 Mk2

(Sketches Not to scale)
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Turbodrill Power Output Characteristics 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Rig Capabilities
Power at Bit
Power
T1 T2 T3
Section (1xPowerSection (2xPowerSection (3xPowerSection
with 75stages) with 172stages) with 247 stages)
Blade Config.
Constant Pressure
RPM=1172 RPM=1172 RPM=1172
Mk1
Torq=937ftlbs Torq=2595ftlbs Torq=3615ftlbs
Torque at Bit
Mud Wieght
Hp = 142 Hp = 290 Hp = 403
Pressure Profile
RPM=1000 RPM=1000 RPM=1000
Mk2
Hp = 153 Hp = 310 Hp = 433
Hi-Pressure Profile
USED IN UNDERBALANCED OPERATIONS
Mk3 RPM=1452 RPM=1452 RPM=1452
Hp = 315
© 2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved. Hp = 676 Hp = 958
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Impreg Application Window(s) 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
KGR50 Application Window KGR55 Application Window KGR70 Application Window KGR48 Application Window
35000 35000 35000 35000
30787 30804 33046
30000 30000 30000 30000
25000 25000 25000 25000

25438
20000 20000 20000 20000
16854
15000
15135 15000 15000 15000
12624
10508 12237
10000 10000 10000 10000
5000 5000 6406 5000 5000
3879 3149
0 0 © 2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.
0 0
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Turbodrill PDC Application Window 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
30000 Hard Rock PDC Turbodrilling

604ft@3.2ft/hr – M1209 – 2/4/WT/NS
4.75” FBS-T2 199st Mk2Blades
25000
23636Psi
20000
Average UCCS / Run
Average PDC Turbodrill Run

15000 1280ft@29ft/hr – M616 – 1/3/WT
6.625” FBS-T2 172st Mk1Blades
10000 9936
5000
Soft Rock PDC Turbodrilling

0
476Psi 800ft@122ft/hr – M419 – 0/0/WT
N=413 6.625” FBS-T2 172st Mk1Blades

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Turbodrill PDC Application Windows 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
30000
N=413
25000
23636
Average UCCS / Run

20000
30000 15000
10000 9936
25000
23636
Average UCCS / Run
5000
20000 20529 476

0
17261
15000 14925
11392
10000 9748 9728
8894
5000
2512
N=107 N=103 N=128 N=75
476 476 691
0
Carbonate Sandstone Shale Evaporite

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars

• Turbo-

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Turbodrill Advantages 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Power, Efficiency & PERFORMANCE

RELIABILITY
HEAT RESISTANT
STEERABILITY
HOLE QUALITY
STRING/BHA PROTECTION
SIDE TRACKING
. . . …. etc
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars

RELIABILITY
HEAT RESISTANT
STEERABILITY
HOLE QUALITY
SIDE TRACKING
. . . …. etc
Power, Efficiency & Performance Comparison

Power, Efficiency & Performance Comparison
Power Sperry Sun B.H.I. Anadrill
Section T1 T2 T3
6.75”, 6.75”, 6.75”,
(1xPowerSecti
(2xPowerSecti (3xPowerSecti 1:2lobe, 1:2lobe, 1:2lobe,
ons ons
on
Blade with with 247 4.0 stage, M4XLP, A675HS,
with 75stages)
172stages) stages) Std. Hi-Spd Perf. Hi-Spd Std. Hi-Spd
Config.
Constant
Pressure
RPM=1172 RPM=1172 RPM=1172
Mk1 Torq=937ftlbs Torq=2595ftlbs Torq=3615ftlbs
RPM=450
Torq=1362ftlbs
RPM=764
Torq=960ftlbs
RPM=450
Torq=1167ftlbs
Hp = 142 Hp = 290 Hp = 403 Hp = 107 Hp = 164 Hp = 118
Pressure Sperry Sun B.H.I. Anadrill

Profile 6.75”, 6.75”, 6.75”,
RPM=1000 RPM=1000 RPM=1000
4:5lobe, 2:3lobe, 2:3lobe,
Mk2 Torq=1463ftlbs Torq=2965ftlbs Torq=2276ftlbs
7.0 stage, M2PXL, A675XP,
Hp = 153 Hp = 310 Hp = 433
Perf.Med- Perf.Med- Perf.Med-
Spd Spd Spd
Hi-Pressure
Profile
UNDERBALANCED
RPM=1452 RPM=1452 RPM=1452 RPM=225 RPM=399 RPM=392
Mk3 Torq=2070ftlbs Torq=4446ftlbs Torq=6303ftlbs Torq=2333ftlbs Torq=1433ftlbs Torq=983ftlbs
Hp = 315 Hp = 676 Hp = 958 Hp = 116 Hp = 80 Hp = 88

Drive System ROP Comparison (K503CTPXX-ER#1971)

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Turbine Performance Expectations 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
(Slim-Hole Drive Systems)
Drive Power Relationship with %ROP Gain/Loss Versus Offset.
(Data from Sii-BRDB FRR's; PDM n=37, T1 Turbine n=22)
300
275
250
225
Drive Power (Hp)
200
175
y = 161.58x
150 2
R = 0.2872
125
y = 42.136x
100 2 PDM
R = 0.2374
T1 Turbine
75
Linear (PDM)
50 Linear (T1 Turbine)
25
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
110%
120%
130%
140%
150%
160%
170%
180%
190%
200%
210%
220%
230%
240%
250%
R.O.P.% Gain / Loss Against Offset

1. Whipstocks
Turbine Performance Expectations
2. Underreamers
Turbine Performance Expectations 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
(Data from Sii-BRDB FRR's; PDM n=37, T1 Turbine n=22, T2 Turbine n=15)
300
275
y = 69.963x + 119.35
250 2
R = 0.523
225
Drive Power (Hp)
200
175
y = 161.58x
150 2 Sst-Sh Sst-Sh
R = 0.2872
Av.15kPSiUCCS Av.14kPSiUCCS
125
Wy, USA.
y = 42.136x Ok,
PDM
USA.
100 2 T1 Turbine
R = 0.2374
T2 Turbine
75
Linear (PDM)
Linear (T1 Turbine)
50
Linear (T2 Turbine)
25
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
110%
120%
130%
140%
150%
160%
170%
180%
190%
200%
210%
220%
230%
240%
250%

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Case Study - K503CTPX + Hi-Power Turbine Performance 3. TurboDrills
Expectations 4. Drilling Jars
(Bellelo-1, False River Bp-America
Field, Louisiana, USA)
Benchmarks & Concerns
•PDM(S/S)+PDC(MA32) •Rotary+R/B(517X)
•242ft @ 2.3ft/hr ($1753/ft) •178ft @ 2.9ft/hr ($1509/ft)
•1-2-WT dull POOH for DMF •4-6-BT dull POOH for HRS
•380-400degF bottom hole temperature •Major torque problems & casing wear
Bp-America requirements:-
•Increase tool reliability below 19000ftMD in heavy OBM
•Minimize tripping (42hrs round trip from 22000ftMD in hot hole)
•Reduce casing wear
•Minimize risk of drill string failure
•Improve ROP without limiting on-bottom drilling time
•Hi-powered turbine (no temp limitations, extreme reliability)

•074 T3-BSA Mk1 blades 246 stages = 220hp
(@ 350gpm, 17ppg OBM @ 22000ftMD)
•084 KGR50BCTPX (ER#20153)
- ported hydraulics for shale drilling
- 25/30 diamonds (rel.large) for softer formations

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Turbine Performance Expectations 3.
4.
TurboDrills
Drilling Jars
300
275
y = 69.963x + 119.35
250
145% improvement against offset (lo-risk) 2
R = 0.523
225
~47% chance (hi-risk) of
Drive Power (Hp)
200
165-210% improvement
175
y = 161.58x Turbine 165hp=100%
150 2
R = 0.2872
125
y = 42.136x PDM
100 2 T1 Turbine
R = 0.2374
T2 Turbine
75 PDM 65hp=100% Linear (PDM)
Linear (T1 Turbine)
50
Linear (T2 Turbine)
25
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
110%
120%
130%
140%
150%
160%
170%
180%
190%
200%
210%
220%
230%
240%
250%
© 2010 Schlumberger.
R.O.P.% All rights
Gain reserved.
/ Loss Against Offset
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Case Study - K503CTPX + Hi-Power Turbine Performance 3. TurboDrills
Expectations 4. Drilling Jars
(Bellelo-1, False River Bp-America
Field, Louisiana, USA)
Benchmarks & Concerns
•PDM(S/S)+PDC(MA32)
•242ft @ 2.3ft/hr ($1753/ft)
•1-2-WT dull POOH for DMF
•380-400degF bottom hole temperature
Bp-America requirements:-
•Increase tool reliability below 19000ftMD in heavy OBM
•Minimize tripping (42hrs round trip from 22000ftMD in hot hole)
•Reduce casing wear
•Minimize risk of drill string failure
•Improve ROP without limiting on-bottom drilling time
•Hi-powered turbine (no temp limitations, extreme reliability)
•074 T3-BSA Mk1 blades 246 stages = 220hp
(@ 350gpm, 17ppg OBM @ 22000ftMD)
•084 KGR50BCTPX (ER#20153)
- ported hydraulics for shale drilling
- 25/30 diamonds (rel.large) for softer formations
•980ft @ 4.0ft/hr ($988/ft)

•1-1-WT dull POOH for TD-logging
•No torque problems, no casing wear issues
•No tool reliability problems
•Improved ROP
•Customer Value = 16days rig time
•16 days rig time = $1.3million saved
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Turbine Performance Expectations 3.
4.
TurboDrills
Drilling Jars
(Slim-Hole
Drive Power Relationship Drive
with %ROPSystems)
Gain/Loss Versus Offset.
300 Haley#30-1
@ 260hp
275 (680RPM+1988ftlbs)
y = 69.963x + 119.35
250 2
R = 0.523
225
T2@206hp
University#4-1
Drive Power (Hp)
200
7.9ft/hr@206hp
175 (780RPM+1519ftlbs)
y = 161.58x
150 2
R = 0.2872
125
y = 42.136x PDM
100 2 T1 Turbine
R = 0.2374
Haley#30-1
75 Benchmark T2 Turbine
Strawn@6.6ft/hr Linear (PDM)
Linear (T1 Turbine)
50 ≡ T3@183Hp
Linear (T2 Turbine)
25
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
110%
120%
130%
140%
150%
160%
170%
180%
190%
200%
210%
220%
230%
240%
250%
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars

RELIABILITY
HEAT RESISTANT
STEERABILITY
HOLE QUALITY
SIDE TRACKING
. . . …. etc
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Case History: 7 ¼” Turbodrill – Wyoming, USA 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Reliability – Durability . . . Can other tools do this?
A 7-1/4” Sii Neyrfor Turbodrill with a Smith

Bits 9-1/2” XTG46 drill bit sets world record
for Burlington Resources, achieving 655hrs
on bottom drilling and 705hrs Turbodrill
circulating time. ROP=2.6 ft/hr.
PDM capacity in this application: 100 hours Max @ 1.4 ft/hr
•Completed the 9-1/2” hole section by drilling 1,737 Ft to a depth exceeding

24,000 ft.
•Demanding operating conditions included 16ppg Oil Based drilling fluid and
• Bottom Hole Circulating Temperatures in excess of 380 ° F. (>193 °C)
•After section TD the Turbodrill and the bit (2/3/WT/S/X/In/DU/TD) were found
to be in good condition.
Value Added >$283,000.

Health & Safety Aspect of Staying In Hole
Turbine assemblies have previously run for >27 days on-bottom and replaced up to 17
round-trips (rock bits)
Safety Statistics when Tripping pipe (IADC, Global stat’s):
a) Handling Pipes/Collars/Tubulars – category responsible for most LTA’s
b) Tripping: activity with greatest risk of recordable injury (15.2%)
c) Floor man: accounts for 37% of all injuries
d) Accidents with ‘Fingers’: 14.7%, ‘Struck by’: 28.4%, ‘Caught in’: 18.7%
Downside?:
Toolpusher (NAm) after turbine was 16 days on-bottom:
“The only problem with running these turbines is that the rig hands are getting fat and lazy!” ☺

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
LCM with Turbodrills 3.
4.
TurboDrills
Drilling Jars

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars

RELIABILITY
HEAT RESISTANT
STEERABILITY
HOLE QUALITY
SIDE TRACKING
. . . …. etc
‘Critical’ High Temperature Components
Titanium Single power Section
Flex Shaft
Interchangeable Intermediate
Stabiliser
Adjustable Bent Housing
Interchangeable Lower Bearing Stator

Stabiliser
Assembly
Rotor
Turbine Stages: metallic (High-

temperature)
Rotor Stator
WallCarb™ lining
(Bush)
LaserCarb™
coating
(Sleeve) PDC Thrust Bearings (High
Temperature)
Lower Radial Bearing

(High Temperature) © 2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars

• Turbo-

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars

RELIABILITY
HEAT RESISTANT
STEERABILITY
HOLE QUALITY
SIDE TRACKING
. . . …. etc
STEERABILITY – Superior Toolface Control
Turbodrill PDM
Reactive
360°
Torque 360°
N N
270° 90°
270° 90°
AZIMUTH AZIMUTH
180°
Fluctuating 180°
Torque ON BOTTOM

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Turbo Bit & Lower Stabiliser Evolution 3.
4.
TurboDrills
Drilling Jars
4.6 Ft *
LONG GAUGE NEAR BIT BOX-END LOWER BEARING
PIN CONNECTION. STABILISER. SHAFT STABILISER
PROBLEMATIC AREA:
ROTATING & UN-STABILISED LOWER BEARING
STABILISER
LONG GAUGE BOX-END

PIN CONNECTION. SHAFT
2.6Ft *
2.2Ft*
SHORT GAUGE BIT BOX LOWER BEARING
PIN CONNECTION STABILISER STABILISER
1.4Ft*
BOX-UP LOWER BEARING
LONG GAUGE BIT. STABILISER
(* typical- may vary. Dimensions & arrangement is

© 2010
typical of a 4-3/4” Steerable Turbodrill arrangement)
Schlumberger. All rights reserved.
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Steerability & Directional Capability 3.
4.
TurboDrills
Drilling Jars
(For Well Bore Angles Above 15 Degrees)
Steerable Turbodrill Dogleg Capability

Bent Housing Angle
Size ( °/ 100 Ft *)
0.75 4 (> 5)
9-1/2"
1.00° 5 (> 6)
1.00° 6 (>10)
6-5/8" 1.25° 8 (>10)
1.50° 10 (>13)
1.00° 8 (>11)
4-3/4" 1.25° 10 (>15)
1.50° 12 (>10)
3-3/8" 1.25° 12 (>17)
DLS rates can vary dependent on hole size, stabilization, inclination, formation & bit.
( * : Figures quoted have been comfortably sustained – figures “X” are max recorded)

Steerability – Stabilisation for rotary control
Varying Interchangeable “Mid-Point” Stabiliser size

allows accurate control of inclination (Build / Hold /
Drop) in Rotary Mode.
String Stabiliser directly on top

of Turbine can also be sized to
help “fine tune” the assembly
Lower Bearing Stabiliser

(Generally 1/16” – 1/8” UG)

Steerability Rotary Response with Mid-body control

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Turbodrill Directional Tendencies 3.
4.
TurboDrills
Drilling Jars
(Non-vertical well) The Turbodrill does have a
The Left Hand Walk rates with Straight Hole Tools can be
controlled to some degree by: natural tendency to walk to
Decrease LHW? - by use of an offset LB-Stabiliser the left. This is thought to
Increased LHW? - by varying the effective length of have several influencing
Near-Bit Stabiliser. factors, although no study
8000
has determined any
Qatar Example, 1980’s
NFA-1
NORTH
definitive reasons for this
NFA-12
NFA-15
NFA-2
WEST
6000
‘phenomenon’
NFA-11
NFA-3
4000 Generally, the LHW will be
on average less than
NFA-10 NFA-6 2000 1°/30m. Formation trends
will have an effect on this
NFA-9
0.00 figure.
NFA-13
-2000 •Probable cause of LHW tendency? –
NFA-16
NFA-8
•Reaction to drilling momentum
-4000 (speed/power/clockwise motion)
NFA-17
NFA-18
NFA-7 •Lower Bearing Clearance
NFA-4
-6000
•Possible factors affecting LHW tendency? –
-6000 -4000 -2000 0.00 2000 4000 6000
•Aggressive Gauge protection
NORTH FIELD
LONG GAUGE SURFACEBOX
NEAR BIT
PIN CONNECTION. STABILISER.
PLAN VIEW BEARING
ENDBOTTOM
SHAFT STABILISER
•Formation
•String Rotation
Steerability – Performance Sliding V’s Rotating
S liding V 's R otating R .O.P .'s
250
200
R . O . P . (F t/ h r)
150
100
50
0
10 35
10 40
10 45
10 50
10 55
10 60
10 65
10 70
10 75
10 80
10 5
10 90
11 95
11 00
11 05
11 10
11 15
0
98
02
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
0
0
0
0
10
De pth (Ft)
ROP S liding m ode
Sample Job:
IN98003 – Mobil Oil Indonesia
4-3/4” FBS-T2-Mk2 (1.25°)
Sample orientation showing ROPsliding vs ROProtary
5-5/8” Hole, PDC bit (long gauge)
performance for both sides of the slide
UBD Well - up to 85% gas through Turbodrill
“Superb steering & performance”

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars

RELIABILITY
HEAT RESISTANT
STEERABILITY
HOLE QUALITY
SIDE TRACKING
. . . …. etc
Hole Quality – Comparison Of Drive Systems
. . . .What’s the difference?

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Turbodrill Hole Quality (BP-Colombia Niscota) 3.
4.
TurboDrills
Drilling Jars
TurboDrilled Hole Quality PDM Drilled Hole Quality

17430-17490ftMD 15150-15220ftMD

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars

RELIABILITY
HEAT RESISTANT
STEERABILITY
HOLE QUALITY
SIDE TRACKING
. . . …. etc
Turbodrill Surface Test With Drilling Flow

Turbodrilling Surface Test - Aberdeen Granite

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Downhole Turbodrilling Verification 3.
4.
TurboDrills
Drilling Jars
Comparison between the

recorded shock loadings of
PDM’s and Turbodrills whilst
drilling:
in the same well & with
the same PDC bit type
(30/07a-P05, J-Block, UK-
NSEA)
Results with
Turbine?:-
• No reported cutter
damage in Turbine-run
bit grading.
• WOB increased with no
increase in shocks. TURBINE
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars

RELIABILITY
HEAT RESISTANT
STEERABILITY
HOLE QUALITY
SIDE TRACKING
. . . …. etc
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars

• Turbo-

OVERCOMING BARRIERS TO MARKET The LOCKING
CLUTCH

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
The LOCKING CLUTCH - PRINCIPLE 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
The Locking Clutch is different from other shaft-locking mechanisms :

• under normal use the locks are disengaged naturally
• there is no wear to the mechanism when not engaged
High speed mode Locked mode
Fast rotation forces the lock to a The lock engages between shaft
‘neutral’ position and body when the shaft stops and
the body rotates

Underbalanced and/or Coiled Tubing Drilling/Milling
Well Test Unit #5: Well location, Barik Field

Thru-tubing / Remedial C&P Clean-Out Work

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Turbodrilling Summary 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Features Benefits
High Power Output Capability Maximise ROP
All Metallic Construction Reliability with no Heat Constraints
Different Blade Types Adaptability to suit the Application
Modular Units (Bearings/Motors/Stabs) Rig-Site Interchangeable
Interchangeable “mid-point” Stabiliser Predictable Rotary Trends
Pin-Ended Shafts - Box-Up Bits Proven Hole Quality / Steerability
Bit Choice to suit Formation Not the Motor Minimal trade off in sliding ROP
Exceptionally Low Vibration Levels Protects Bit, BHA, MWD etc.

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Drilling Jars
Slide 189

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Theory
Sup-R-Jar
Hydra Jar
Accelerator
Running Procedures
Placement

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Theory 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
“Jarring provides a method for dynamically transferring

strain energy from the drill string above the Jar to the
stuck point below the Jar.”
A jar is used to free “stuck pipe” by generating an

amplified force at the stuck point using the energy from the
force applied at surface.

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Jarring Essentials 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Provide Jar Impact, must have:

Energy Source
Delay Mechanism
Accelerate the mass
Impact
Shock Wave Prorogation

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Impact System – Storing Energy 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
=
Slide 193

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Creating Energy 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Energy = ½ MV2
Energy = Impact / Impulse
M = Mass (Hammer)
V = Velocity (Stretch / Accelerator® Tool)
Slide 194

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Impact System – Storing Energy 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Up Jarring Energy = Overpull from surface
Down Jarring Energy = Weight Above Jar
Slide 195

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Impact / Impulse 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
What is Impact?
– Energy created when hammer hits anvil
What is Impulse?
– Duration of the shock waves traveling through the pipe
Slide 196

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Impact Blow at Stuck Point 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
700
IMPAC
Impact 600
T
Impact Jar Blow (X1000)

– Maximum peak tensile 500
force experienced at stuck F 400
point 300
O
R 200
Impulse C 100
– Tensile force experienced E 0
IMPULSE
over a period of time at -100 0 .02 .04 .06 .08 .10 .12 .14
stuck point -200 mSec
-300 TIME
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Impact / Impulse 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Impulse Decreases Impulse Increases

Impact Increases Impact Decreases
Hevi-Wate
Drill Collars
Hydra-Jar

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Sup-R-Jar
Slide 199

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Sup-R-Jar 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Acquired from WH Energy on August 2008

Uses oil reservoir with metering orifice and by-pass
areas
Ability to run in tension or compression
Works under the Kinetic Energy Equation
Energy = 1/2 MV2

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Sup-R Jar Components 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Drive Lower Piston

Kelly Mandrel Upper Piston Upper Flex Joint
Cylinder
Knocker
Detent Mandrel Pressure

Lower Flex Joint Kelly Stabilizer
Cylinder
Connector Sub

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
How It Works 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Firing Downward
Impact
30-60 sec. Delay time
Lower Piston working Slack Off

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Upper Flex
Oil through Connector Sub Knocker Joint
restriction
Detent
Mandrel
Chrome OD Lower Oil without Piston is free and

Piston restriction generates
IMPACT
Delay time 30-60 sec
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Piston Restriction 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Firing Upward
Upper Piston working
30-60 sec. Delay

time
Impact Overpull
Impact between Detent Mandrel and
Drive Cylinder
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Hydra-Jar
Slide 206

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Hydra-Jar 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Fully Hydraulic
Double Acting
Different Wellbore Application
Vertical, Directional & Horizontal Drilling
Coring
Fishing & Remedial

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Hydra-Jar Features & Benefits 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Fires in both up & down directions

Controlled by Driller
Balance to hydrostatic pressure through ports open to wellbore
Temperature compensation through unique detent system
Full bore design minimizes pressure losses
Temperature rating of 500 Degrees F
Seals rated at 20,000 psi
Metering process compensates for decrease in detent cylinder oil
viscosity

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Hydra-Jar Features & Benefits 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Drive System ensures efficient load distribution

Withstands torque & axial loading

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Delay Time vs. Load 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Slide 210

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Hydra-Jar Components 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Neutralizer Mandrel
Drive pin retainer sub
Connector Sub Lower Detent Mandrel
Fluid Cylinder Neutralizer
Cylinder Lower Sub
Kelly Mandrel Upper Detent Mandrel
Drive Cylinder Balance Piston Neutralizer Piston Lower Detent

Cylinder
Knocker Upper Detent Cylinder Connector Sub
Slide 211

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Detent Systems 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Detent System
Slide 212

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Temperature Compensation Mechanism 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
100°F 500°F
Hole in Ring
Steel Pin
Slide 213

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Drive System 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Slide 214

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Firing Hydra-Jar 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Upper Detent System
Lower Detent System

Slide 215

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Pressure Balance System 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Balance Piston
Mud Slot
Neutralizer Pistons Mud Slot
Slide 216

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Accelerators
Slide 217

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Components 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Kelley Fluid Cylinder

Mandrel Connection Sub Lower Sub
Drive Section Upper Compression Lower Compression

Cylinder Cylinder
Slide 218

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Features & Benefits 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Enhances performance of Drilling Jar

– Stores & Release of Strain or Compressive Energy
Amplifies Impact & Impulse forces
Temperature Rating = 260°C (500°F)
Large full bore for Minimal Pressure Drop
Ability for Wireline Tools to pass
Protects Rig from Vibrations
Slide 219

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
How it Works 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Slide 220

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Amplification 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Slide 221

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Amplification 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Slide 222

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Accelerator Tool Closes Loop 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Accelerator AP Tools
Drill Collar / HWDP
Hydra-Jar
Drill Collar / HWDP
Stuck Point
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Initial Wave
Stuck Point
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Initial Wave
Stuck Point
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Reflection Point Accelerator AP Tools
Initial Wave
Stuck Point
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Initial Wave Reflected Wave
Stuck Point
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
4. Drilling Jars
Initial Wave Reflected Wave
Stuck Point
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Placement
Slide 229

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Jar Placement Rules 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Never place jar in the Neutral Point

– Minimum of 20% of WOB
Never place jar as a crossover or transition between tubulars
– Minimum of 90 feet buffer Above & Below
Do not use more BHA weight than is required
– Sometimes this cannot be consisted
Close to the stuck point as possible
– Not to close that jar become stuck

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Jar Placement Rules Continued 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Never place below stabilizer, reamer or any other component

that has continuous contact
Place Accelerator at top of BHA
– 90 feet of transition pipe between HWDP/DC & DP
High angle wells, use HWDP
Minimum 1,000 feet of pipe between dual jars

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Determining Optimal Jar Placement 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Buoyancy Factor
Enough DC/HWDP below Jar for WOB
Neutral Point
Number of Joints from Neutral Point
Safety Factor
Number of Joints for Safety Factor
Number of Joints left for Optimization
Optimize for Impact or Impulse

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Buoyancy Factor 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
 1
BF = 1 -  MW ⋅ 
 ρ
Where:
BF = Buoyancy Factor
MW = Drilling Fluid Weight (Weight/Volume)
ρ = Density of HWDP/DC Material
(Weight/ Volume)

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Enough DC/HWDP below Jar for WOB 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
 wt  
wt BelowJars = ∑   ⋅ l  ⋅ BF
 ft  
Jar is present:
If wtBelowJars > WOBDesired
– Jar will be in Tension, determine # Joints of DC/HWDP to Neutral
Point
If If wtBelowJars < WOBDesired
– Jar will be in Compression, need to factor wt/ft of jar for WOBDesired
Jar is not present:
Determine if enough weight of tool is present for Desired WOB

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Neutral Point or Length of DC/ HWDP for WOB 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
 wt  
WOBDesired −  ∑ ⋅ l  ⋅ BF ⋅ cosθ 
 ft  MiscTool 
NP/lDC/HWDP =
 wt  
 ft  ⋅ BF ⋅ cosθ 
  DC / HWDP 
Where:
NP = Neutral Point
WOBDesired = Weight on Bit Desired to Drill
θ = Inclination

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Number of Joints for Desired WOB 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
lDC/HWDP
# Jnts WOB =
l AvgDC / HWDP
DC use lAve = 30 ft
HWDP use lAve = 31 ft

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Determine Safety Factor 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
wt SF = WOBDesired ⋅ 20%
Where:
wtSF = Weight of pipe for Safety Factor
Minimum of 20% of WOB

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Length of DC/HWDP for Safety Factor 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
wt SF
lSF =
 wt  
 ft  ⋅ BF ⋅ cosθ 
  DC / HWDP 
Where:
lSF = Length of DC/HWDP needed for Safety
Factor

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Number of Joints Needed for Safety Factor 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
lDC/HWDP
# JntsSF =
l AvgDC / HWDP
DC lAve = 30 ft

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Joint Remaining for Optimization 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
 lDC/HWDPTotal 
# Jnts Opt = −# Jnts WOB −# JntsSF
l 
 AvgDC / HWDP 
Number calculated here is number of joints that can be used

to optimize for Impact or Impulse

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Optimizing for Impact or Impulse 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Determine Maximum Overpull of Rig & Maximum Working

Detent Load for the Drilling Jar
Select smaller of the two numbers
For Impact Optimization
wt AboveJar = Max Overpull/ Max Detent Load ⋅10%

For Impulse Optimization
wt AboveJar = Max Overpull/ Max Detent Load ⋅ 20%
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Hydra-Jar Drilling Jar Specifications 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Length of HWDP/ DC above Jar 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
wt Above Jar
lAbove Jar =
 wt  
 ft  ⋅ BF ⋅ cosθ 
  DC / HWDP 

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Determine Number of Joints above Jar 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
lAbove Jar
# Jnts Above Jar =
l AvgDC / HWDP
DC lAve = 30 ft

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Exercise 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
WOBDesired 20,000 lb
Inclination 0
Drilling Fluid Density 12.7 lb/gal
Depth 6,793 ft
Max. Overpull 80,000lb
Jar Size 6-1/2”
BHA
OD (in) ID (in) Wt/ft Length (ft)
Components
Bit 7-7/8
Motor 6-3/4 101 30
MWD 6-1/2 2-1/2 88 30
LWD 6-1/2 2-1/2 88 30
HWDP 4-1/2 2-3/4 42 806
Slide 245 DP 4-1/2 16.6
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Determining Optimal Jar Placement 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Buoyancy Factor
Enough DC/HWDP below Jar for WOB
Neutral Point
Number of Joints from Neutral Point
Safety Factor
Number of Joints for Safety Factor
Number of Joints left for Optimization

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Buoyancy Factor 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
 1
BF = 1 -  MW ⋅ 
 ρ
 1 
BF = 1 - 12.7 ⋅ 
 65.44 
BF = 0.8059
Slide 247

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Enough DC/HWDP for WOB 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
 wt  
wtTotal = ∑   ⋅ l  ⋅ BF
 ft  
wtTotal = [(30 ⋅101) + (30 ⋅ 88) + (30 ⋅ 88) + (806 ⋅ 42)]⋅ 0.8059
wtTotal = 33,978lb
wtTotal > WOBDesired

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Neutral Point or Length of DC/ HWDP for WOB 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
 wt  
WOBDesired −  ∑ ⋅ l  ⋅ BF ⋅ cosθ 
 ft  MiscTool 
NP/lHWDP =
 wt  
 ft  ⋅ BF ⋅ cosθ 
  DC / HWDP 
20,000 − [[(30 ⋅101) + (30 ⋅ 88) + (30 ⋅ 88)]⋅ 0.8059 ⋅ cos0]
NP/lHWDP =
[42 ⋅ 0.8059 ⋅ cos0]
NP/lHWDP = 393.11 ft
Slide 249

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Number of Joints for Desired WOB 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
lHWDP
# Jnts WOB =
l AvgHWDP
393.11
# Jnts WOB =
31
# Jnts WOB = 13 Rounded
Slide 250

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Determine Safety Factor 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
wt SF = WOBDesired ⋅ 20%
wt SF = 20,000 ⋅ 20%
wt SF = 4,000lb
Slide 251

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Length of DC/HWDP for Safety Factor 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
wt SF
lSF =
 wt  
 ft  ⋅ BF ⋅ cosθ 
  DC / HWDP 
4,000
lSF =
[42 ⋅ 0.8059 ⋅ cos0]
lSF = 118.18 ft
Slide 252

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Number of Joints Needed for Safety Factor 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
lDC/HWDP
# JntsSF =
l AvgDC / HWDP
118.18
# Jnts SF =
31
# Jnts SF = 4 Rounded
Slide 253

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Joint Remaining for Optimization 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
 lDC/HWDPTotal 
# Jnts Opt = −# Jnts WOB −# Jnts SF − 3
l 
 AvgDC / HWDP 
 806 
# Jnts Opt =  − 14 − 4 − 3
 31 
# Jnts Opt = 5
Slide 254

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Optimizing for Impact or Impulse 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Determine Maximum Overpull of Rig & Maximum Working

Detent Load for the Drilling Jar
Select smaller of the two numbers
For Impact Optimization
wt AboveJar = Max Overpull/ Max Detent Load ⋅10%

For Impulse Optimization
wt AboveJar = Max Overpull/ Max Detent Load ⋅ 20%
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Hydra-Jar Drilling Jar Specifications 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Length of HWDP/ DC above Jar 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
wt Above Jar
lAbove Jar =
 wt  
 ft  ⋅ BF ⋅ cosθ 
  DC / HWDP 
8,000
lAbove Jar =
[42 ⋅ 0.8059]
lAbove Jar = 236.4 ft
1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Determine Number of Joints above Jar 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
lAbove Jar
# Jnts Above Jar =
l AvgDC / HWDP
236.4
# Jnts Above Jar =
31
# Jnts Above Jar = 8 Rounded

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Jar Placement in Horizontal/ Deviated
Wells
Slide 259

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Placement in Horizontal/ Deviated Wells 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
6 Options
Single Jar placed in Horizontal
Single Jar Placed in Vertical
Single Jar placed in Vertical with Accelerator
Dual Jars
– One in Vertical, one in Horizontal
Dual Jars with Accelerator in vertical
Dual Jars each with Accelerators

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Single Jar placed in Horizontal 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Work effectively in most

straight & deviated wells
Placement in Horizontal
– All Drilling Weight from
components in top curve
section
– Not able to overcome
frictional force to fire/ cock
– Useless if stuck above jar

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Single Jar Placed in Vertical 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Advantage
– Reduces problems of
getting weight/ overpull to
jar
Disadvantage
– Majority to time stuck near
bit in horizontal section
– Jar too far from stuck point

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Single Jar placed in Vertical with Accelerator 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Same advantages and

disadvantages as previous
Accelerator enhances
efficiency of Jar
Provides equivalent impact
at reduced overpull/ set
down weight
Up to 250% more impact at
stuck point

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Dual Jars 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Top Jar
– Good impact in curve
section
– Assist in cocking lower jar
Bottom Jar
– Transmit high impact
through horizontal
At least 1,000 ft between
jars

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Dual Jars with Accelerator in vertical 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
100% of overpull/ set down

weight applied to top jar
– Results in larger loads
transfer to lower jar

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Dual Jars each with Accelerators 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Provides maximum system

power
Same advantages as
previous two scenarios
If stuck above bottom hole
assembly chances of
freeing drastically increase

1. Whipstocks
2. Underreamers
Procedure for Dual Drilling Jars 3. TurboDrills
4. Drilling Jars
Situation 1
– String becomes stuck with bit at bottom
Situation 2
– String becomes stuck while pulling out

Sitiation1-String Becomes Stuck With Bit at Bottom
Jar Situation
– Lower drilling jar is closed and in compression
– Upper drilling jar is open and in tension
Apply Overpull to lower drilling jar
If jar fires:
– Slack off weight, pick up and continue jarring
If jar fails to fire:
– Slack off more weight, enough to cock top jar
– Ably overpull to fire top jar until lower jar activates
Situation 2-String Becomes Stuck While Pulling Out
Jar Situation
– Lower Drilling Jar is on tension
Upper Drilling Jar fully opened
– Jar down by slacking off allow time for bottom jar to fire
If jar does not fire:
– Slack off more weight to activate top drilling jar
– Allow 30-40 seconds to pass and pick up to activate bottom
drilling jar
– If bottom jar still does not fire repeat until it does

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Training & Development

© 2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.

© 2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.

© 2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.

© 2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.

Basic Whipstock System Components

Trackmaster Plus Whipstock Systems

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Reason for a sidetrack?

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© 2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.

Cut Lip Guide Design

Tapers deep for strong engagement

Deep bore avoids premature engagement

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Alternate Retrievable Method

Orient with Gyro or MWD

Torque Not Required

High overpull strength

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© 2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.

© 2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.

© 2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.

Non-Advancing Multi Cycle By-Pass

Allows Drilling fluid to be pumped

Orientate with MWD

6 Cycles to close valve

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Allows low-flow circulation to annulus

Increase flow rate sets anchor

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© 2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.

Piston keeps mud & hydraulic fluid

Piston Volume sized for fluid expansion

Circulations port open after slips set

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© 2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.

Trackmaster Mills utilize 3 different materials for cutters

Crushed Sintered Carbide

Tungsten Carbide Inserts (TCI)

Polycrystalline Diamond Compacts

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© 2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.

© 2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.

© 2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.

Whipstock Assembly Break Bolt Shear Values (lb)

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© 2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.

All Anchor attached via Hinge Pin

Allows for different connections

Assembly can swivel & move

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© 2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.

© 2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.

Cased Hole Only

3,000 to 3,500 lbf triggers slips

Requires solid base