Learning Insight

Day 1: August 31, 2021(Tuesday)

10 Rules For Workplace Safety

Everyone has a role in making sure a workplace is safe, from the administrative assistant who gets the
boxes of newly delivered office supplies unpacked promptly to the warehouse foreman who makes sure
every person on the line gets a break. When you take charge of your own safety, it creates a safer place
for all employees.

2. Dress appropriately, from clothing to footwear.

Keeping arms and legs covered, avoiding dangling jewelry or ties, and wearing closed-toe shoes can go a
long way in minimizing common workplace injuries and accidents. When and where applicable, always
wear personal protective equipment (PPE), and inspect it for damage before and after use, so that it can
be repaired or replaced promptly.

3. Keep work areas neat and tidy.

At the beginning and end of each shift, clear away trash, pick up cords and cables, and put office
supplies away. Gather any materials you’ll need to complete your work. This will avoid losing things as
well as having to bend or stretch unnecessarily, trying to reach objects that are misplaced or out of
reach.

4. Follow the rules. 

Don’t cut corners or take unnecessary risks. Workplace safety rules are often developed in response
to hazard and risk assessments. They are by nature designed to minimize the chances that an employee
will be injured while carrying out assigned tasks. 

5. Report workplace accidents or safety incidents.

Always report incidents to your supervisor promptly so that the appropriate steps can be taken. These
can include getting care for an injured employee, fixing the problem that caused the injury, or ensuring
regulatory, state or federal reporting compliance. 

6. Know and follow emergency procedures.

In order to safely and effectively manage emergencies, it’s imperative that all employees are trained in
and follow emergency procedures. This helps safety coordinators and emergency services get a handle
on a situation and determine the best way to bring it under control. 
7. Lift, bend, and stretch with care to avoid injury.

Musculoskeletal problems caused by poor technique when picking up boxes or stretching to reach

8. Don’t operate tools or machinery that you haven’t been trained for .

While some tools or equipment may seem pretty intuitive, it’s always best to avoid using items unless
you’ve been trained in proper handling. This is for your safety as well as the safety of those around you.

9. Avoid drugs and alcohol at work.

Not only can drugs and alcohol affect your motor skills, they can also impair your judgment and ability to
communicate. Even prescription drugs can have a serious effect on your ability to handle machinery and
tools safely. 

10. Take breaks appropriately.

Being well-rested helps employees maintain the focus and situational safety awareness that contribute
to workplace safety. In some places, work breaks may be established according to contract; in others,
it’s on the employees to work out breaks among themselves. 

These 10 rules for workplace safety can be applied in nearly every workplace. In a safe working
environment, the quality and quantity of work can be maintained without the staffing issues caused by
unexpected employee absences. When employees and management work together to maximize safety,
it benefits everyone.

Day 2: September 01, 2021(Wednesday)

The Basic Parts of an Electric Circuit

Visualize what happens when you switch on a room light. You toggle or push a switch to "turn on" the
light. Your action causes electricity to flow (much like water flows through a pipe) through the wires of
the electrical system to the bulb, which converts the electrical energy traveling through the wires to
visible light. The process is essentially the same for powering up a computer, or turning on a TV, or
providing the electrical power needed to start or operate any electrical device.

The Energy Source

In an electrical circuit, the power source provides the voltage (the force that pushes electrons through a
conductor -- measured in volts) and current (the rate of flow of electrons -- measured in amperes) to
energize a device attached to the circuit.
A voltage power source provides a constant voltage level to the circuit. Examples of voltage power
sources are batteries, like the ones in your laptop computer or car, the energy from the solar panels on
your roof, your car's alternator, or the energy coming from your local power plant or hydroelectric dam.

On the other hand, a current power source (a.k.a. constant-current source), which is measured in amps,
provides a constant current of energy regardless of its voltage. Typically, constant-current circuits are
included in a system to protect the device providing the electrical load on the circuit. For example, an
LED requires a constant level of current to protect it from burning out or being damaged.

The Conductor

In a typical electrically powered environment that uses common electrical devices, the conductor is the
wiring in a home or device that provides the path of the circuit, on which the energy flows. The
conductor (conduction) system interconnects all of the other parts of the circuit.

Electrical power flows somewhat like water through a pipe or hose. The conductor provides the piping
through which the electrical energy flows from its source to its load and back again sometimes. And like
water through a hose, the amount of energy that is required on the circuit (as demanded by the load
device) determines the gauge of the wire that makes up the circuit conductor.

The Switch

The switch provides the control that closes (continues) or opens (breaks) the electrical energy flow on
the circuit. A variety of circuit switches exist, including wall switches, push buttons, key toggles, and
many biometric devices.

A closed circuit switch can have either a sustained contact or a transient contact. A sustained contact,
such as a light switch, maintains the circuit in a state that allows for a constant flow of energy. A
transient, or momentary, contact only provides an energy flow to the circuit while a button or similar
device is being pushed or engaged. When the button is released, the circuit is once again open.

The Load

Any device attached to an electrical circuit that is activated or energized by the flow of electricity to it,
provides the electrical load on the circuit. The load is the amount of electrical energy the device uses to
complete its task. This electrical consumption is measured in watts, which equals the current (amps)
multiplied by the volts on the circuit. Lights, TVs, motors, heaters and appliances are load devices that
consume power.

Other Circuit Components

While most circuit definitions show either three or four basic components, there are other features and
components that can be included in what makes up an electrical circuit. Various descriptions of
electrical circuits may include other electrical components, such as gates, hinges, transistors, meters of
varying types, and so on. Whether or not these items should or shouldn't be in the definition really
depends on you, your understanding, and the application for the electrical circuit in question.
3 Types of Electrical Diagram

1. Schematics Circuit Diagram

The schematic diagram of an electrical circuit shows the complete electrical connections between
components using their symbols and lines. Unlike wiring diagram, it does not specify the real location of
the components, the line between the components does not represent real distance between them.

it helps in showing the series and parallel connection between the components and the exact terminal
connection between them. One can easily troubleshoot certain schematic by applying electronic circuit
theory.

It is the most common type of electrical drawing and are mostly used in implementing electrical circuits
by technician. Most engineering student rely of schematic diagram while developing various electrical
projects.

This is a schematic diagram of a voltage amplifier. It uses various symbols to represents the electrical
components and the lines to represent the electrical connection between their terminals. The practical
circuit may vary in appearance but the electrical connection and its function will remain the same.

2. Block Diagram
A block diagram is a type of electrical drawing that represents the principle components of a complex
system in the form of blocks interconnected by lines that represent their relation. It is the simplest form
of electrical drawing as it only highlights the function of each component and provides the flow of
process in the system.

Block diagram are easier to design and is the first stage in designing a complex circuit for any project. It
lacks the information about the wiring and placement of individual components. It only represents the
main components of the system and ignores any small components. This is why; electricians do not rely
on block diagram.

3. Wiring Diagram
The wiring diagram is used for the representation of electrical components in their approximate physical
location using their specific symbols and their interconnections using lines. Vertical and horizontal lines
are used to represent wires and each line represents a single wire that connects between electrical
components.
Wiring diagram shows a pictorial view of the components such that it resembles its electrical
connection, arrangement and position in real circuit. It really helps in showing the interconnections in
different equipment such as electrical panel and distribution boxes etc. they are mostly used for wiring
installation in home and industries.