1.

Life Cycle of an Applet

app.java:

import java.io.*;
import java.applet.*;
import java.awt.*;
/*<applet code=app height=500 width=500></applet>*/
public class app extends Applet
{
String msg;
public void init()
{
msg="int->";
setBackground(Color.cyan);
System.out.println("init()called");
}
public void start()
{
msg+="start->";
System.out.println("start()called");
}
public void stop()
{
msg+="stop->";
System.out.println("stop()called");
}
public void destory()
{
msg+="destory->";
System.out.println("destroy()called");
}
public void paint(Graphics g)
{
msg+="paint->";
System.out.println("paint()called");
g.drawString(msg,200,250);
}
}

Output:

C:\Users\STUDENT>d:
D:\>cd java
D:\java>javac app.java
D:\java>appletviewer app.java
init()called
start()called
paint()called
paint()called
stop()called

Result:
 2. Digital Clock using Applet

Digital.java:

import java.util.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.applet.*;
import java.text.*;
/*<applet code=digital.class height=500 width=500></applet>*/
public class digital extends Applet implements Runnable
{
String s;
Thread t;
public void init()
{
t=new Thread(this);
t.start();
}
public void run()
{
while(true)
{
try
{
repaint();
t.sleep(1000);
}
catch(Exception e)
{

}
}
}
public void paint(Graphics g)
{
setBackground(Color.green);
//Date d=new Date();
//s=d.toString();
DateFormat d=new SimpleDateFormat("hh:mm:ss:aa");
String ds=d.format(new Date()).toString();
Font f=new Font("Times New Roman",Font.BOLD,30);
g.setFont(f);
//g.drawRect(10,10,360,50);
g.drawString(ds,250,250);
}
}

Output:

C:\Users\STUDENT>d:
D:\>cd java
D:\java>javac digital.java
D:\java>appletviewer digital.java

Result:

3. To display Graphical shapes using Applet viewer

Graphical Shapes.java:

import java.awt.*;
import java.applet.*;
/*<applet code=house.class height=350 width=350></applet>*/
public class house extends Applet
{
public void init()
{
setBackground(Color.cyan);
}
public void paint(Graphics g)
{
//draw the roof
g.setColor(Color.red);
int x[]={100,160,220};
int y[]={100,50,100};
Polygon poly=new Polygon(x,y,3);
g.fillPolygon(poly);
//draw the body of the house
g.setColor(Color.blue);
g.fillRect(100,100,120,120);
g.setColor(Color.black);
g.drawLine(100,220,220,220);
//draw the door and windows
g.setColor(Color.white);
g.fillRect(145,170,30,50);
g.fillRect(120,120,20,25);
g.fillRect(180,120,20,25);
//draw sun
g.setColor(Color.orange);
g.fillOval(240,30,50,50);
//draw chimney
g.setColor(Color.black);
g.fillRect(120,55,10,30);
}
}
Output:

C:\Users\STUDENT>d:
D:\>cd java
D:\java>javac house.java
D:\java>appletviewer house.java

Result:

4. To Display Graphical bar chart by passing parameters in applet

Graphical Barchart.java:

import java.awt.*;
import java.applet.*;
/*<applet code=chart.class height=400 width=400>
<param name=c1 value=110>
<param name=c2 value=150>
<param name=c3 value=100>
<param name=c4 value=170>
<param name=label1 value=1991>
<param name=label2 value=1992>
<param name=label3 value=1993>
<param name=label4 value=1994>
<param name=col value=4>
</applet>*/
public class chart extends Applet
{
int n=0;
String label[];
int value[];
public void init()
{
setBackground(Color.pink);
try
{
int n=Integer.parseInt(getParameter("col"));
label=new String[n];
value=new int[n];
label[0]=getParameter("label1");
label[1]=getParameter("label2");
label[2]=getParameter("label3");
label[3]=getParameter("label4");
value[0]=Integer.parseInt(getParameter("c1"));
value[1]=Integer.parseInt(getParameter("c2"));
value[2]=Integer.parseInt(getParameter("c3"));
value[3]=Integer.parseInt(getParameter("c4"));
}
catch(NumberFormatException e){}
}
public void paint(Graphics g)
{
for(int i=0;i<4;i++)
{
g.setColor(Color.black);
g.drawString(label[i],20,i*50+30);
g.setColor(Color.red);
g.fillRect(50,i*50+10,value[i],40);
}
}
}

Output:

C:\Users\STUDENT>d:
D:\>cd java
D:\java>javac chart.java
D:\java>appletviewer chart.java

Result:

5. Audio Clip Applet

import java.applet.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;

/*<applet code="audio1" width="300" height="300"></applet>*/

public class audio1 extends Applet implements ActionListener

{
Button play,stop;
AudioClip audioClip;
public void init()
{
play = new Button("Play");
add(play);
play.addActionListener(this);
stop = new Button("Stop");
add(stop);
stop.addActionListener(this);
audioClip=getAudioClip(getCodeBase(),"abc.mp3");
}
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae)
{
Button source=(Button)ae.getSource();
if(source.getLabel()=="Play")
{
audioClip.play();
}
else if(source.getLabel()=="Stop")
{
audioClip.stop();
}
}
}

Output:

6. To find factorial value of N using AWT high level event handling

Factorial.java:

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.applet.*;
/*<applet code=factorial.class height=100 width=200></applet>*/
public class factorial extends Applet implements ActionListener
{
Label l1;
TextField t1,t2;
Button b1;
public void init()
{
setLayout(new GridLayout(2,2));
l1 = new Label("Enter the value");
add(l1);
t1=new TextField();
add(t1);
b1=new Button("Calculate");
add(b1);
b1.addActionListener(this);
t2=new TextField();
t2=new TextField();
add(t2);
}
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae)
{
if(ae.getSource()==b1)
{
int f=1,i;
int n=Integer.parseInt(t1.getText());
for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
f=f*i;
t2.setText(String.valueOf(f));
}
}
}
Output:

C:\Users\STUDENT>d:

D:\>cd java

D:\java>javac factorial.java

D:\java>appletviewer factorial.java

Result:

7. To illustrate window closing using AWT low level event handling

Windowclosing.java:

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
public class cwindow
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
frame1 f=new frame1();
f.setBounds(100,100,300,200);
f.show();
}
}
class frame1 extends Frame
{
public frame1()
{
setTitle("Close button");
setSize(300,200);
setBackground(Color.red);
addWindowListener(
new WindowAdapter()
{
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e)
{
System.exit(0);
}
}
);
}
}

Output:
C:\Users\STUDENT>d:

D:\>cd java

D:\java>javac cwindow.java
Note: cwindow.java uses or overrides a deprecated API.
Note: Recompile with -Xlint:deprecation for details.

D:\java>java cwindow

Result:

8. TCP based Network Communication

tcpserver.java

import java.net.*;

import java.io.*;

class tcpserver

public static void main(String args[])throws IOException

ServerSocket ss=new ServerSocket(3000);

Socket s=ss.accept();

System.out.println("The server is read now");

DataInputStream dis=new DataInputStream(s.getInputStream());

PrintStream ps=new PrintStream(s.getOutputStream());

DataInputStream din=new DataInputStream(System.in);

while(true)

String st=dis.readLine();

System.out.println(st);

System.out.println("Type the message:");

st=din.readLine();

ps. println("server message:"+st);

tcpclient.java
import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
class tcpclient
{
public static void main(String args[])throws IOException
{
InetAddress in=InetAddress.getLocalHost();
Socket s=new Socket(in,3000);
System.out.println("The client is read now()");
DataInputStream dis=new DataInputStream(s.getInputStream());
DataInputStream din=new DataInputStream(System.in);
PrintStream ps=new PrintStream(s.getOutputStream());
while(true)
{
System.out.println("Type the message");
String st=din.readLine();
ps.println("client msg:"+st);
st=dis.readLine();
System.out.println(st);
}
}
}
Output:

C:\Users\STUDENT>d:

D:\>cd java

D:\java>javac tcpserver.java

D:\java>javac tcpclient.java

D:\java>java tcpserver

RECEIVED : hai

Enter the text :

welcome

client command prompt:

C:\Users\STUDENT>d:

D:\>cd java

D:\java>javac tcpclient.java

D:\java>java tcpclient

Enter the text :

hai

From SERVER: welcome

Enter the text

 9. UDP based Network Communication

udpserver.java

import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
class udpserver
{
public static void main(String args[])throws Exception
{
DatagramSocket ss=new DatagramSocket(9876);
byte[]send1=new byte[200];
byte[]receive1=new byte[200];
while(true)
{
DatagramPacket rp=new DatagramPacket(receive1,receive1.length);
ss.receive(rp);
String s1=new String(rp.getData());
System.out.println("RECEIVED"+s1);
InetAddress ip=rp.getAddress();
int port=rp.getPort();
BufferedReader b=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
System.out.println("Enter the text");
String s2=b.readLine();
send1=s2.getBytes();
DatagramPacket sp=new DatagramPacket(send1,send1.length,ip,port);
ss.send(sp);
}
}
}
udpclient.java:

import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
class udpclient
{
public static void main(String args[])throws Exception
{
BufferedReader b=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
DatagramSocket ds=new DatagramSocket();
InetAddress ipaddress=InetAddress.getByName("localhost");
byte[] send1=new byte[200];
byte[] receive1=new byte[200];
while(true)
{
System.out.println("Enter the text");
String s1=b.readLine();
send1=s1.getBytes();
DatagramPacket sp= new DatagramPacket(send1,send1.length,ipaddress,9876);
ds.send(sp);
DatagramPacket rp=new DatagramPacket(receive1,receive1.length);
ds.receive(rp);
String s2=new String(rp.getData());
System.out.println("From SERVER:"+s2);
}
}
}
Output:

C:\Users\STUDENT>d:

D:\>cd java

D:\java>javac udpserver.java

D:\java>javac udpclient.java

D:\java>java udpserver

RECEIVEDhai

enter text

welcome

client command prompt:

C:\Users\STUDENT>d:

D:\>cd java

D:\java>javac udpclient.java

D:\java>java udpclient

enter the text

hai

from SERVER:welcome

enter the text

 10. To find sum of digit using RMI

sum.java

import java.rmi.*;
import java.rmi.*;
public interface sum extends Remote
{
public int print(int n) throws RemoteException;
}

sersum.java

import java.io.*;
import java.rmi.*;
import java.rmi.server.*;
public class sersum extends UnicastRemoteObject implements sum
{
public sersum() throws RemoteException
{
super();
}
public int print(int n) throws RemoteException
{
int s=0;
while(n!=0)
{
s=s+n%10;
n=n/10;
}
return s;
}
public static void main(String args[]) throws RemoteException
{
try
{
sersum s=new sersum();
 Naming.rebind("sum",s);
System.out.println("Server Ready!!!");
}
catch(Exception e)
{
}
}
}

clisum.java

import java.rmi.*;
import java.io.*;
public class clisum
{
public static void main(String args[])throws IOException
{
try
{
sum s=(sum)Naming.lookup("sum");
DataInputStream d=new DataInputStream(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter the number n to find the Sum:");
int n=Integer.parseInt(d.readLine());
int sum1=s.print(n);
System.out.println("The Sum of digits:"+sum1);
}
catch(Exception e)
{
System.out.println("Error in input!!!");
}
}
}
Output:

D:\java>javac sum.java

D:\java>javac sersum.java

D:\java>javac clisum.java

Note: clisum.java uses or overrides a deprecated API.

Note: Recompile with -Xlint:deprecation for details.

D:\java>start rmiregistry

D:\java>java sersum

Server Ready!!!

D:\java>java clisum

Enter the number n to find the Sum:

327

The Sum of digits:12

 11. To find total amount using RMI

inter.java

import java.io.*;

import java.rmi.*;

public interface inter extends Remote

public int mul(int a, int b) throws RemoteException;

sertotal.java

import java.io.*;
import java.rmi.*;
import java.rmi.server.*;
public class sertotal extends UnicastRemoteObject implements inter
{
public sertotal() throws RemoteException
{
super();
}
public int mul(int a,int b) throws RemoteException
{
return (a*b);
}
public static void main(String args[]) throws RemoteException
{
try
{
sertotal x=new sertotal();
Naming.rebind("Amount",x);
System.out.println("Server Ready!!!");
}
catch(Exception e)
{
}
}
}

clitotal.java
import java.rmi.*;
import java.io.*;
public class clitotal
{
public static void main(String args[])throws IOException
{
try
{
inter obj=(inter)Naming.lookup("Amount");
DataInputStream d=new DataInputStream(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter Price:");
int a=Integer.parseInt(d.readLine());
System.out.println("Enter Quantity:");
int b=Integer.parseInt(d.readLine());
System.out.println("The Total Amount:"+obj.mul(a,b));
}
catch(Exception e)
{
System.out.println("Error in input!!!");
}
}
}
Output:

D:\java>javac inter.java

D:\java>javac sertotal.java

D:\java>javac clitotal.java

Note: clisum.java uses or overrides a deprecated API.

Note: Recompile with -Xlint:deprecation for details.

D:\java>start rmiregistry

D:\java>java sertotal

Server Ready!!!

D:\java>java clitotal

Enter Price:

40

Enter Quantity:

30

The Total Amount:1200

 12. To find EB Bill Calculation using RMI

ebbill.java

import java.io.*;

import java.rmi.*;

public interface ebbill extends Remote

public double cal(int units) throws RemoteException;

serebbill.java

import java.io.*;
import java.rmi.*;
import java.rmi.server.*;
public class serebbill extends UnicastRemoteObject implements ebbill
{
public serebbill() throws RemoteException
{
super();
}
public double cal(int units) throws RemoteException
{
double bill=0;
if(units<100)
{
bill=units*1.20;
}
else if(units<300)
{
bill=100*1.20+(units-100)*2;
}
else if(units>300)
{
bill=100*1.20+200*2+(units-300)*3;
}
return bill;
}

public static void main(String args[]) throws RemoteException

{
try
{
serebbill eb=new serebbill();
Naming.rebind("Bill",eb);
System.out.println("Server Ready!!!");
}
catch(Exception e)
{
}
}
}

cliebbill.java
import java.rmi.*;
import java.io.*;
public class cliebbill
{
public static void main(String args[])throws IOException
{
try
{
ebbill e=(ebbill)Naming.lookup("Bill");
DataInputStream d=new DataInputStream(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter the Service Number:");
int sno=Integer.parseInt(d.readLine());
System.out.println("Enter the Name:");
String name=d.readLine();
System.out.println("Enter the Date:");
String date=d.readLine();
System.out.println("Enter the Unit:");
int units=Integer.parseInt(d.readLine());
double amount=e.cal(units);
System.out.println("EB Bill Calculation:");
System.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");
 System.out.println("Service No:"+sno);
System.out.println("Name:"+name);
System.out.println("Date:"+date);
System.out.println("No of Units:"+units);
System.out.println("Amount to Pay:"+amount);
}
catch(Exception e)
{
System.out.println("Error in input!!!");
}
}
}
Output:

D:\java>javac ebbill.java

D:\java>javac serebbill.java

D:\java>javac cliebbill.java

Note: cliebbill.java uses or overrides a deprecated API.

Note: Recompile with -Xlint:deprecation for details.

D:\java>start rmiregistry

D:\java>java serebbill

Server Ready!!!

D:\java>java cliebbill

Enter the Service Number: 70645

Enter the Name: Raja

Enter the Date: 12/10/2021

Enter the Unit: 598

EB Bill Calculation:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Service No:70645

Name:Raja

Date:12/10/2021

No of Units:598

Amount to Pay:1414.0
 13. To find biggest element of a array using HTML/Java script

big.html

<html>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
var counter;
var number;
var largest=Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY;
for (counter = 1; counter <= 5; counter++)
{
number = window.prompt("Enter Any Five Numbers :"+counter+".");
number = parseInt(number);
if (number > largest) {
largest = number;
}
}
document.writeln("<h1>Largest number is " +largest+ "</h1>");
</script>
</body>
</html>

Output:
 14. To find palindrome for the given number using HTML/Java Script

Palindrome.html

<html>
<head>
<script>
function Palindrome()
{
var rem, temp, final = 0;
var number = Number(document.getElementById("N").value);
temp = number;
while(number>0)
{
rem = number%10;
number = parseInt(number/10);
final = final*10+rem;
}
if(final==temp)
{
window.alert("The inputed number is Palindrome");
}
else
{
window.alert("The inputed number is not palindrome");
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<br>
<h1>Whether a number is Palindrome or not</h1>
Enter The Number :<input type="text" name="n" id = "N" required/>
<hr color="cyan">
<br>
<center><button onClick="Palindrome()">CHECK</button>
</body>
</html>
Output:
 15. To find length of the string using Generic Servlet

length.html

<html>

<head>

<title>Length of th String</title>

</head>

<body>

<h1 align="center">Length of the String</h1>

<form name="form1" method="post" action="len">

Enter the String:<input type="text" name="str">

<input type="submit" value="Submit">

</form>

</body>

</html>

len.java

import java.io.*;

import javax.servlet.*;

public class len extends GenericServlet

public void service(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response)throws ServletException,

IOException

String s=request.getParameter("str");

PrintWriter pw=response.getWriter();

pw.println("Length of the String:"+s.length());

web.xml

<servlet>
<servlet-name>len</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>len</servlet-class>

</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>len</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>/len</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

Output:
 16. To compute factorial value of N using HTTP Servlet

FactorialServlet.html:

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"

"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Factorial</title>
</head>
<body>
<form method="post" action="Facts">
<table>
<tr><td>Enter a value to find its factorial</td><td><input type="text" name="text1"/></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td><input type="submit" value="ok"/></td></tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
Facts.java:

import java.io.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;

public class Facts extends HttpServlet

{
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws
IOException, ServletException
{

int num = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("text1"));

response.setContentType("text/html");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.println(this.fact(num));
}
long fact(long a)
{
if (a <= 1)
return 1;
else
{
a = a * fact(a - 1);
return a;
}
}
}
web.xml:

<servlet>
<servlet-name>Facts</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>Facts</servlet-class>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>Facts</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/Facts</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
Output:
 18. To create cookies using servlet and jsp program

user.html

<html>

<head>

<meta charset="UTF-8">

<title> Insert title here</title>

</head>

<body>

<h1 align="center"> Create Cookie for Username </h1>

<form action="serv1" method="post">

Username: <input type="text" name="uname"><br>

<input type="submit" value "Create">

</form>

</body>

</html>

serv1.java

import java.io.*;

import javax.servlet.*;

import javax.servlet.http.*;

public class serv1 extends HttpServlet

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws

ServletException, IOException

String un=request.getParameter("uname");

String pw=request.getParameter("pass");

Cookie ck = new Cookie("name",un);

Cookie ck1 = new Cookie("password",pw);

response.addCookie(ck);
response.sendRedirect("home1.jsp");

home1.jsp

<html>

<head>

<title> Insert title here</title>

</head>

<body>

<h1>Retrieving Cookie from browsers</h1>

<br>

<%

Cookie[] cks=request.getCookies();

for(Cookie ck:cks)

String cn=ck.getName();

String cv=ck.getValue();

%>

Cookie name: <b><%=cn %></b><br>

Cookie Value: <b><%=cv %></b><br>

<%

out.println("Hello"+cv+" Welcome to our web page!");

%>

</body>

</html>
web.xml

<servlet>

<servlet-name> serv1</servlet-name>

<servlet-class> serv1 </servlet-class>

</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>serv1</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>/serv1</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

Output:
 19. To Count numbers of visitors using Servlet

visit.java

import java.io.*;

import javax.servlet.*;

import javax.servlet.http.*;

public class visit extends HttpServlet

static int count=0;

public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)

throws IOException,ServletException

response.setContentType("text/html");

PrintWriter pw=response.getWriter();

pw.print("<body bgcolor=orange>");

if(count==0)

pw.print("<cemter>");

pw.print("<h1>welcome to the first time</h1>");

count++;

else

pw.print("<center>");

pw.print("<h1>you hava visited"+count+"times</h1>");

count++;

pw.print("</center>");

pw.print("<body>");

}
}

web.xml

<servlet>

<servlet-name>visit</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>visit</servlet-class>

</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>visit</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>/visit</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

Output:
 20. To create a form and validate a password using Servlet

login.java

import java.io.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
/**
* Servlet implementation class LoginController
*/
public class login extends HttpServlet
{
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws
ServletException, IOException
{
String un=request.getParameter("username");
String pw=request.getParameter("password");
if(un.equals("admin") && pw.equals("admin"))
{
response.sendRedirect("success.html");
return;
}
else
{
response.sendRedirect("error.html");
return;
}
}
}

web.xml

<servlet>
<servlet-name>login</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>login</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>login</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/login</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

error.html.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
Invalid username or password
</body>
</html>

Login.html.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
Sample login Example (try with username as "admin" and password as "admin" without quart )
<br> <br>
<form action="login" method="post">
Enter username :<input type="text" name="username"> <br>
Enter password :<input type="password" name="password"><br>
<input type="submit" value="Login">
</form>
</body>
</html>
success.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
Login success
</body>
</html>

Output:
 21. To find cube of a number using java beans

number.html

<html>

<body>

<h2 align="center"> FIND CUBE OF GIVEN NUMBER</h2>

<form action="cube.jsp">

Enter a Number: <input type="text" name="num">

<input type="submit" value="click">

</form>

</body>

<html>

calculator.java

package pl;
public class calculator
{
public int cube(int n)
{
return n*n*n;
}
}

cube.jsp

<jsp:useBean id="obj" class="pl.calculator"/>

<h2 align="center">CUBE OF A NUMBER</h2>

<%

int n=Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("num"));

int m=obj.cube(n);

out.print("<b>cube of "+n+" is:</b> "+m);

%>

Output:
 22. To convert an image in RGB to a GrayScale

Grayscale.java

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
public class Grayscale
{
public static void main(String args[])throws IOException
{
BufferedImage img = null;
File f = null; //read image
try
{
f = new File("Penguins.jpg");
img = ImageIO.read(f);
}
catch(IOException e)
{
System.out.println(e);
} //get image width and height
int width = img.getWidth();
int height = img.getHeight(); //convert to grayscale
for(int y = 0; y < height; y++)
{
for(int x = 0; x < width; x++)
{
int p = img.getRGB(x,y);
int a = (p>>24)&0xff;
int r = (p>>16)&0xff;
int g = (p>>8)&0xff;
int b = p&0xff; //calculate average
int avg = (r+g+b)/3; //replace RGB value with avg
p = (a<<24) | (avg<<16) | (avg<<8) | avg;
img.setRGB(x, y, p); } } //write image
try
{
f = new File("Output.jpg");
ImageIO.write(img, "jpg", f);
}
catch(IOException e)
{
System.out.println(e);
} //main() ends here
}
}//class ends here

Output:

c:\Windows\System32>d:
D:\>cd java
D:\java>javac Grayscale.java
D:\java>java Grayscale

Output:
 23.To Develop chat server using java

Server.java

import java.io.*;

import java.net.*;

public class GossipServer

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception

ServerSocket sersock = new ServerSocket(3000);

System.out.println("Server ready for chatting");

Socket sock = sersock.accept( );

BufferedReader keyRead = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));

OutputStream ostream = sock.getOutputStream();

PrintWriter pwrite = new PrintWriter(ostream, true);

InputStream istream = sock.getInputStream();

BufferedReader receiveRead = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(istream));

String receiveMessage, sendMessage;

while(true)

if((receiveMessage = receiveRead.readLine()) != null)

System.out.println(receiveMessage);

sendMessage = keyRead.readLine();

pwrite.println(sendMessage);

pwrite.flush();

}
Client.java

import java.io.*;

import java.net.*;

public class GossipClient

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception

Socket sock = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 3000);

BufferedReader keyRead = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));

OutputStream ostream = sock.getOutputStream();

PrintWriter pwrite = new PrintWriter(ostream, true);

InputStream istream = sock.getInputStream();

BufferedReader receiveRead = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(istream));

System.out.println("Start the chitchat, type and press Enter key");

String receiveMessage, sendMessage;

while(true)

sendMessage = keyRead.readLine(); // keyboard reading

pwrite.println(sendMessage); // sending to server

pwrite.flush(); // flush the data

if((receiveMessage = receiveRead.readLine()) != null) //receive from server

System.out.println(receiveMessage); // displaying at DOS prompt

}
Output:

C:\Users\STUDENT>d:

D:\>cd java

D:\java>javac GossipServer.java

D:\java>javac GossipClient.java

D:\java>java GossipServer

Server ready for chatting

Hai

Client command prompt:

C:\Users\STUDENT>d:

D:\>cd java

D:\java>javac GossipClient.java

D:\java>java GossipClient

Start the chitchat, type and press Enter key

hai