GENERAL FORMULA

1. Concrete Mix ratio = 1:2:4

Let Volume of concrete = Z m3 \
Then a) Cement = 1/7 x Zm3 x 1400 kg/m3 x 1.30
Shrinkage x 1.05 wastage
= 273 kgs Z
= 0.19 m3 Z
b) Sand =2/7 x Zm3 x 1840kg/m3 x 1.30
Shrinkage x 1.05 wastage
= 718 kgs Z
= 0.39m3 Z
c) Gravel = 4/7x Zm3 x 2250 kg/m3 x 1.30 Shrinkage x 1.05 wastage
= 1755 kgs Z
= 0.95 m3 Z
2. Lime Mortar Mix Ratio = 1:4 Let Volume of Lime Mortar = Ym3
a) Lime = 1/5 x Ym3 x 1900 kg/m3 x 1.20
Shrinkage x 1.05 wastage
= 479 kgs Y
= 0.25 m3 Y
b) Sand = 4/5 x ym3 x 1840 kg/m3 x 1.20 Shrinkage x 1.50 wastage
= 1855 kgs Y
= 1.01 m3 Y
3. Cement Mortar Mix ratio = 1:4
Let volume of cement mortar =W
Then a) Cement = 1/5 x Wm3 x 1400kg – m3 x 1.25 Shrinkage x 1.05 wastage
= 368 kgs W
= 0.26 m3W
b) Sand = 4/5 x Wm3 x 1840 kg/ m3 x 1.25
Shrinkage x 1.05 wastage
= 1932 kgs W
4. Compo-mortar mix ratio = 1:2:9
Let volume of Compo-mortar =X
nt = 1/12 x Xm3 x 1400 kg/m3 x 1.20
Shrinkage x 1.05 wastage
= 147 kgs X
= 0.015 m3 X
b) Lime = 2/12 x Xm3 x 1900 kg/m3 x 1.20
Shrinkage x 1.05 wastage
= 399 kg X
= 0.21 m3 X
c) Sand = 9/12 x Xm3 x 1840 kg/m3 x 1.20
Shrinkage x 1.05 wastage
= 1739 kgs X
= 0.95 m3 X
Material List Calculation
I. Concrete
Assuming 30% shrinkage
5% wastage
For Mechanical mix water          =0.4 – 0.5
Cement
Hand mix water               = 0.4 – 0.65
Cement
Note: Hand mix shall only be allowed for class II concrete, and shall not be allowed for concrete
of class C-20 and above or class I concrete.
Item Type of Work Material Required to Produce 1m3 concrete
1 Concrete C- 7 Mechanical Mix Cement = 150 kgs (3 bags)
Mix ratio 1:4:8 Sand = 773 kgs (0.42 m3)
Gravel = 1890 kgs (0.84 m3) Water = 60 liters

2 Concrete C-15 Mechanical mix Cement = 200 kgs (4 bags)

Mix ratio 1:3:6 Sand = 754 kgs (0.41 m3)
Gravel = 1843 kgs (0.82 m3) Water = 80 liters

3 Concrete C- 20 Mechanical mix Cement = 320 kgs (6.4bags) Sand = 718 kgs (0.39 m3)
Mix ratio 1:2:4 Gravel = 1755 kgs (0.78m3) Water = 110 liters

4 Concrete C- 30 Mechanical mix Cement = 400 kgs (8 bags)

Mix ratio 1:2:3 Sand = 837 kgs (0.45 m3) Gravel = 1536 kgs (0.68m3)
Water = 130 liters

5 Concrete C- 7 Hand mix Cement = 153 kgs (3.06bags) Sand = 704 kgs
Mix ratio 1:3.5:8 (0.38 m3)
Gravel = 1966 kgs (0.87 m3) Water = 92 liters

6 Concrete C- 15 Hand mix Cement = 202 kgs (4.04 bags)

Mix ratio 1:3:4 Sand = 661 kgs (0.36 m3)
Gravel = 1940 kgs (0.868 m3) Water = 121 liters

Calculating Material for Masonry
Basic Data
For one meter cube masonry work
- Sub Structure (foundation wall) =1m3 of stone/m3
- Super structure (semi-dressed) =1.25m3 of stone/m3
- Super structure (dressed) =1.5m3 of stone/m3
A. Stone Masonry
a) 50cm thick basaltic or equivalent foundation wall bedded in cement mortar 1:4
1. Stone = 1m3/m3
2. Mortar = 0.4 m3/m3
2.1 Cement = 150 kgs/m3
2.2 Sand = 0.42m3 /m3
b) 50cm thick roughly dressed super-structure stone wall bedded in cement mortar
1:4
1. Stone = 1.25 m3/m3
2. Mortar = 0.4m3/m3
2.1 Cement = 150 kgs/m3
2.2 Sand = 0.42m3/m3
c) 40cm thick dressed super structure stone wall bedded in cement mortar 1:4
1. Stone = 1.50m3/m3
2. Mortar = 0.40m3/m3
2.1 Cement = 150kgs/m3 2.2 Sand = 0.42m3/m3
B. Brick Masonry for Super-structure
a. ½ brick wall bedded in compo- mortar 1:2:9 both sides left for plastering
1. Brick with 5% wastage = 58 pcs/m2
2. Compo-mortar (10mm joints) = 0.0353m3/m2
15% wastage
2.1 Cement = 5kgs/m2
2.2 Lime = 14kgs/m2
2.3 Sand = 0.034m3/m2
b. One brick wall bedded in compo-mortar 1:2:9 both sides left for plastering.
1. Brick with 5% wastage = 115pcs/m2
2. Compo-mortar with 15% wastage =0.085m3/m2 (10mm joints)
2.1 Cement = 12.5kgs/m2
2.2 Lime =34kg/m2
2.3 Sand =0.081m3 /m2
C. Hollow Block Masonry for Super-Structure
a) 10cm thick hollow concrete block wall bedded in cement mortar 1:4
1. Hollow block with 5% wastage = 13 pcs/m2
2. Mortar 10mm joints 20% wastage = 0.0135m3/m2
2.2 Cement = 5 kgs/m2
2.2 Sand = 0.014m3/m2
b) 15cm thick hollow concrete block wall bedded in cement mortar 1:4. 1.Hollow block with 5% wastage =1
2.Mortar 10mm joints 20% wastage = 0.020m3/m2
2.1 Cement =7.5kgs/m2
2.2 Sand = 0.022m3/m2
c) 20cm thick Hollow concrete block wall bedded in cement mortar 1:4
1. Hollow block with 5% wastage = 13pcs/m2
2. Mortar 10mm joints 20% wastage = 0.027m3/m2
2.1 Cement =10kgs/m2
2.1 Sand = 0.028m3/m2
III. Mortar
Assuming 25% Shrinkage
5% Wastage
a) Cement Mortar
Item Type of Work Material required to produce 1m3
mortar
1 Cement Mortar 1:3 Cement = 460kgs
Sand = 0.99m3
2 Cement Mortar 1:4 Cement = 308kgs
Sand = 1.05m3
3 Cement Mortar 1:5 Cement = 306kgs
Sand = 1.10m3
4 Cement Mortar 1:6 Cement = 263kgs
Sand = 1.13m3
b) Compo-Mortar
Assuming 20% Shrinkage
5% Wastage
Item Type of Work Material Required to produce 1m3
Compo-Mortar
1 Compo-mortar1:1:6 Cement = 221 kgs
Lime = 300 kgs
Sand = 0.95m3
2 Compo-mortar 1:2:9 Cement = 147 kgs
Lime = 399 kgs
Sand = 0.95m3
3 Compo-mortar ½: 1:3 Cement = 195 kgs
Lime = 528 kgs
Sand = 0.89m3
Light Weight Screed
Assuming - 25% Shrinkage
5% Wastage
Item Type of Work Material required to produce 1m3
mortar
1 Cement Pumice 1:6 Cement = 263 kgs
Pumice = 1.13m3
2 Cement Pumice 1:8 Cement = 205 kgs
Pumice = 1.17m3

IV. Roofing
A. Roofing out of corrugated Iron sheet Nailed on wooden truss
a) Roof covering up to 150 Slope
1. Roofing Sheet =1.38m2/corrugated Iron Sheet
2. Washer = 10pcs/Iron Sheet
3. Dome Headed nail = 10pcs/Iron Sheet
b) Roof ridge 33cm wide
1. Covering of 2m length = 5pcs/9ml
2. Dome headed nail = 0.05 kgs/ml
c) Valley covers
1. Covering of 2m length = 5 pcs/9ml
2. Nails 6cm = 0.006kgs/ml
d) Gutter
1. Gutter with 2% wastage = 1.02mts/ml
2. Lead
3. Acid
4. Screws (fixers) = 3pcs/ml
5. Metal Brackets = 3pcs/ml
e) Down pipe
1. Down pipe = 9pcs/10ml
2. Metal Brackets = 2pcs/ml
3.Nut & Belt for metal brakes
(fixers) = 4pcs/ml
f) Fascia board
1. Fascia board with 10% wastage = 1.10mt/ml
2. Nails = 0.007kgs/ml
B) Roofing out of corrugated Asbestos on wooden Truss
a) Roof Covering for up to 200 slope
1. Roof covering = 2.25m/Asbestos Sheet
2. “J” hooks = 12pcs/Asbestos Sheet
3. Washer = 12pcs/ Asbestos Sheet
b) Roof ridge up to 200 slope
1. Covering = 2.25m2/ Asbestos Sheet
2. “J” hooks = 12pcs/ Asbestos Sheet
3. Washer = 12pcs/ Asbestos Sheet
c) Gutter
1. Gutter
2. “J” hooks
3. Washer
C) Roofing out of EGA Sheet on Steel truss
a) Roof Covering
“J” hooks
b) Roof ridge
1. Covering
2. “J” hooks
c) Valley Covers
1. Covering
2. “J” hooks
d) Gutter with 2% wastage
1. Gutter = 1.02pcs/ml
2. Metal Brackets = 2pcs/ml
3. Fixers = 4pcs/ml
e) Down pipe
1. Down pipe = 9pcs/10ml
2. Metal Brackets =2pcs/ml
3. Fixers =4pcs/ml
f) Roofing nails
1kg=105 pcs 1pkg 3kgs 315pcs
V. Carpentry & Joinery
a) Eucalyptus truss for span up to 10m
1. 10-12 cm Upper and Lower Eucalyptus
wood truss members with 50% wastage = 1.5mt/ml
2 Nails = 0.04kgs/ml
3 Band/Iron = 0.12kgs/ml
4 8-10 cm vertical & diagonal truss members
With 60% wastage = 1.6m/ml
5 Nails = 0.06kgs/ml
6 Band Iron = 0.17kgs/ml
b) Truss out of 5x10cm & 15cm wood up to 10m span
1 5x10cm Zigba wood upper member in truss
with 15% wastage = 1.15mt/ml
2 Nails = 0.03 kgs/ml
3 Band Iron = 0.10kgs/ml
2 5x10cm Zigba wood diagonal & Vertical
member with 20% wastage = 1.20mt/ml
2 2x2.5x15cm zigba wood = 2.30mts/ml
Lower member with 15% wastage
4 Nails = 0.04kgs/ml
5 Band Iron = 0.20kgs/ml
c) Truss out of 2.5 x 15cm zigba wood
1 2(2.5 x 15cm) Zigba wood upper & lower
member with 15% wastage = 2.30mts/ml
2 Nails = 0.03kgs/ml
3 Band Iron = 0.10kgs/ml
2 2 x 2.5 x 15cm diagonal & vertical
member with 20% wastage = 2.40mts/ml
3 Nails = 0.04kgs/ml
5 Band Iron = 0.20kgs/ml
d) Purlin
1. 06 – 8cm eucalyptus wood purl in with
40% wastage =1.40mts/ml
2 Nails = 0.025 kgs/ml
2 5 x 7 zigba wood purl in with 20%
wastage = 1.20mts/ml
3 Nails = 0.15kgs/ml
e) Fascia Board
1. Zigba or Tid wood with 15%
Wastage = 1.15mts/ml
2. Nails = 0.10kgs/ml
f) Door & window frame
1. Wood with 15% wastage = 1.15mts/ml
2. Nails = 0.05kgs/ml
g) Cheap wood ceiling nailed on 4 x 5 zigba
wood battens placed at c/c 41 cm.
1 4 x 5 cm zigba wood battens with
15% wastage = 4.6mts/m2

2 Cheap wood 10% wastage = 1.10m2/m2

3 Nails of 6cm = 0.07kgs/m2
4 Corner list = 1.75mts/m2
5 Middle list of necessary with 1 5%
wastage = 2.85mts/m2
h) Cheap wood ceiling nailed on 4 x 5 cm
Zigba wood battens placed at c/c 41cm.
1 4 x 5 cm zigba wood battens with
2 10% wastage = 6.30mts/ml
Cheap wood 10% wastage = 1.10cm2/m2

3 Nails = 0.08kgs/m2

4. Corner list = 1.75mts/m2

5. Middle list if necessary = 4.55mts/ml
Nails
1cm nails = 950 pcs =1kg
2cm nails = 826 pcs = 1kg
4cm nails = 546 pcs = 1kg
6cm nails = 235 pcs = 1kg
7cm nails = 180 pcs = 1kg
8cm nails = 127 pcs = 1kg
10cm nails = 63 pcs = 1kg
12cm nails = 44 pcs = 1kg
15cm nails = 29 pcs = 1kg
Roofing Nails = 105 pcs = 1kg
Band Iron 16mm = 15m = 1kg
Zigba truss 4m long = 13pcs/truss
Plastic washer 1 pkt = 300pc
I) Hard board ceiling Nailed on 4 x 5 cm Zigba wood battens placed at c/c
61cm
1. 4 x 5 cm zigba wood battens with 15% wastage = 4.6mts/m2
2. Cheap wood 10% wastage = 1.10m2/m2
3. Nails = 0.07kgs/m2
4. Corner list = 1.75 mts/m2
5. Middle list = 2.85mts/m2
J) Abujedid- ceiling nailed on 4 x 5 cm zigba wood battens placed at c/c 50cm
1. 4 x 5 cm zigba wood battens with 10% wastage = 5.28ml/m2
2. Abujedid with 10% wastage = 1.10m2/m2
3. Nailed = 0.05kgs/m2
4.Corner list = 1.75ml/m2
5. Middle list = 3.53ml/m2
K) Doors & windows
Note- By writing the size of doors & windows the number’s can be given in pcs.
Door Type
a. Ledged & battened door
 b. Ledged, braced & battened door
c. Framed, ledged, braced on battened door
d. Framed, ledged & battened door
e. Flush door
f. Paneled door
L) Size of Doors (standards)
=80 x 210 cm
90 x 210 cm
For Living Rooms = 90 x 210 cm
= 120 x 210 cm
= 150 x 210 cm
= 70 x 210 cm
80 x 210 cm
= 80 x 210 cm
90 x 210 cm
V. Metal Work
a) For single leaf 0.90 x 2.10m door made out of Tubular profile black
Iron steel, 1.00 meter of its height covered with sheet metal material required.
b) Z Tubular with 5% wastage = 3.26ml/pcs
c) T Tubular with 5% wastage = 0.95ml/pcs
d) O Tubular with 5% wastage = 4.00ml/pcs
e) Sheet metal with 5% wastage =1.00m/pcs
f) Lock = 1 pc/pc
g) Hinge = 2 pc/pc
h) Parker screw with 10% wastage = 14 pc/pc
i) Electrode =
j) Flat Iron = 3.80ml/pcs
b) Ditto but for Double leaf door size 120 x 2.10m
a) L with 5% wastage = 6.93ml/pcs
b) Z with 5% wastage = 7.88ml/pcs
c) T with 5% wastage = 3.14ml/pcs
d) O with 5% wastage = 7.46ml/pcs
e) Sheet metal = 1.32m/pcs
f) Lock = 1 pc/pc
g) Hinge = 4pcs/pc
h) Stopper = 2 pcs/pc
I) Parker screw with 10% wastage = 33 pcs/pc
j) Electrode =
k) Flat Iron = 5.46m2/pcs
c) Ditto but for Door size 80 x 2.10m single leaf.
a) L – Tabular
b) Z = 5.25ml/pcs
c) T = 0.84ml/pcs
d) O = 3.99ml/pcs
i) Electrode
j) Flat Iron = 3.78ml/pcs
d) French window size 2.00 x 2.10m with two opening size 0.70 x 0.70m
Made out of Tubular profile black Iron steel & 0.30m of its height covered with sheet metal dividers placed at c/c 70c
a) L Tubular with 5% wastage = 8.41ml/pcs
b) Z Tubular with 5% wastage = 5.88ml/pcs
c) T Tubular with 5% wastage = 10.71ml/pcs
d) O Tubular with 5% wastage = 24ml/pcs
e) Sheet metal = 0.63m2/pcs
f) Handle = 2pcs/pcs
h) Hinge = 4pcs/pcs
I) Stopper = 2pcs/pcs
j) Parker screw with 10% wastage = 80pcs/pcs
k) Electrode =
l) Flat Iron = 6.10ml/pcs
e) French window size 3.00 x 2.10m with single leaf door size
0.70 x 2.10m & window 0.60 x 0.60m opening made out of tubular profile black iron 0.30m of its height covered w
a) L with 5% wastage = 10.71ml/pcs
b) Z with 5% wastage = 10.92ml/pcs
c) T with 5% wastage = 9.45ml/pcs
d) O with 5% wastage = 37.80ml/pcs
I) Stopper = 2 pcs/pcs
j) Parker screw with 10% wastage = 132 pcs/pcs
k) Electrode =
I) Flat Iron with 5% wastage = 9.45ml/pcs
f) Window size 1.00 x 1.20 made out of tubular profile black iron
Sheet which has one opening.
a) L with 5% Wastage = 4.63ml/pcs
b) Z with 5% Wastage = 3.57ml/pcs
c) T with 5% Wastage = 1.26ml/pcs
d) O with 5% Wastage = 7.14ml/pcs
e) Handle = 1 pcs/pcs
f) Stopper = 1 pcs/pcs
g) Hinge = 2pcs/pcs
h) Parker screw with 10% wastage = 22pcs
I) Electrode =
g) Ditto but for size 1.20 x 1.20m
a) L with 5% wastage = 5.04ml/pcs
b) Z with 5% wastage = 3.78ml/pcs
c) T with 5% wastage = 1.26ml/pcs
d) O with 5% wastage = 7.56ml/pcs
e) Handle = 1 pcs/pcs
f) Stopper = 1 pcs/pcs
g) Hinge = 2 pcs/pcs
h) Parker screw with 10% wastage = 22 pcs/pcs
I) Electrode
h) Ditto for size 1.50 x 1.20m but two opening
a) L with 5% wastage = 5.67ml/pcs
b) Z with 5% wastage = 7.14ml/pcs
c) T with 5% wastage = 2.52ml/pcs
d) O with 5% wastage = 10.71ml/pcs
e) Handle = 2pcs/pcs
f) Stopper = 2pcs/pcs
g) Hinge = 4pcs/pcs
h) Parker screw = 38pcs/pcs
I) Electrode =
i) 1000 lit water capacity tank with manhole on top.
a) Sheet metal = 3pcs/pcs
b) Angle Iron = 4ml/pcs
c) Hinge = 2pcs/pcs
d) Electrode = 1 packet/pcs
e) Manicotti = 2pcs/pcs
f) Paint antirust = 0.24lit/pcs
g) Enamel paint = 0.72lit/pcs
h) 12 reinforcement = 3ml/pcs
j) Ditto but 2000 lit capacity
a) Sheet metal = 5pcs/pcs
b) Angle Iron = 4ml/pcs
c) Hinge = 2pcs/pcs
d) Electrode = 1 ¾ packet/pcs
e) Manicotti = 2pcs/pcs
f) Paint antirust = 0.4lit/pcs
g) Enamel paint = 1.2lit/pcs
h) 14 reinforcement = 4ml/pcs
VII Pointing
a) Brick wall pointed with cement mortar 1:3 with 15% wastage
Per 10 square meters.
1. Mortar = 0.03m3/10m2 = 0.003m3/m2
1.1 Cement = 3.78kgs = 0.378m2
1.2 Sand = 0.03m3 = 0.003m3
b) Stone wall pointed with cement mortar 1:3 with 12% wastage
Per10 square meters.
1. Mortar = 0.06m3/10m2 = 0.006m3/m2
1.1 Cement = 27.56kgs = 2.756 kg
1.2 Sand = 0.06m3 = 0.006m3

c) Hollow block wall pointed with cement mortar 1:3 with 10%
Wastage per 10 square meters.
1. Mortar = 0.02m3/10m2 = 0.002m3/m2
1.1 Cement = 9.19kgs = 0.919 kg
1.2 Sand = 0.02m3 = 0.002 m3

d) Brick wall
1 Mortar = 0.03m3/10m2 = 0.003m3/m2
1.1 Cement = 11.04kgs = 1.104 kgs
1.2 Sand = 0.03m3 = 0.003m3

e) Stone wall pointed with cement mortar 1:4 with 12% wastage
Per 10 square meters.
1. Mortar = 0.06m3/10m2 = 0.006m3/m2
1.1 Cement = 22.08kgs = 2.208 kgs
1.2 Sand = 0.06m3 = 0.006m3
f) Hollow block wall pointed with mortar 1:4 with 10% wastage
Per 10 square meters.
1 Mortar = 0.02m3/10m2 = 0.002m3/m2
1.1 Cement = 7.36kgs = 0.736 kg
1.2 Sand = 0.02m3 = 0.002m2
VII. Plastering
a) Cement Mortar plaster on walls per 10 square meters.
Proportion 12mm thick with 15mm thick 15% 20mm thick 12% 25mm thick 10%
of cement 20% wastage wastage mortar = wastage Mortar= wastage
mortar Mortar= 0.144m3 0.172m3 0.22m3 mortar=0.25m3
Cement Sand (m3) Cement Sand Cement Sand Cement Sand
(kgs) (kgs) (m3) (kgs) (m3) (kgs) (m3)
1:3 66.15 0.14 79.10 0.17 102.90 0.22 114.84 0.25

1:4 53.00 0.15 63.80 0.18 82.43 0.24 92.00 0.26

1:5 44.10 0.16 52.68 0.19 68.60 0.25 76.56 0.27

1:6 37.80 0.16 45.15 0.19 58.80 0.25 65.62 0.28

IX. Rendering
a) Cement Mortar rendering on walls per 10 square meters with 20%
Wastage mix proportion 1:3.
1. Mortar = 0.06m3/10 m2
1.1 Cement = 27.56kgs
1.2 Sand = 0.06m3
b) Cement mortar rendering on walls per 10square meters with 20%
wastage mix proportion 1:4
1. Mortar = 0.06m3/10 m2

1.1 Cement = 22.08kgs

1.2 Sand = 0.06m3

X.A. Flooring

a) Terrazzo tile (Cement tile)

Flooring bedded in cement mortar 1:4
1. Terrazzo tile (cement tile) with
20% wastage size 20 x 20 =26pcs/m2
2. 2.5cm thick mortar with 10% wastage for laying.
2.1 Sand = 0.0275m3/m2
2.2 Cement = 10.12kgs/m2
3. Mortar 1:3 for grouting with
20% wastage. = 0.001m3/m2
3.1 Cement = 0.46kgs/m2
3.2 Sand = 0.001m3/m2
b) Cement screed flooring with an average thickness 2.5 cm.
1. Mortar 1:3 with 20% wastage = 0.03m3/m2
1.1 Cement = 13.78kgs/m2
1.2 Sand = 0.03m3/m2
c) 2cm thick marble slate flooring bedded in cement sand screed 1:4
1. Marble slate with 2% wastage = 1.02m2/m2
2. 2.5cm thick mortar with 10% wastage = 0.0275m3/m2
2.1 Cement = 10.12kgs/m2
2.2 Sand = 0.029m3/m2
3. Polish = 0.03kg/m2
d) 2cm thick marble chips flooring bedded in cement mortar 1:4
1. Marble chips with 20% wastage = 1.20m2/m2
2. Mortar with 10% wastage = 0.0275m3/m2
2.1 Cement = 10.12kgs/m2
2.2 Sand = 0.029m3/m2
2.3 polish = 0.03kg/m2
e) 1.5mm, 2mm or 2.5mm thick plastic tile flooring.
1. Plastic with 5% wastage size 25x25 = 17pcs/m2 Plastic with 5% wastage size 30x30 = 12pcs/m2
2. Adhesive including wastage = 0.3 kgs/m2
3. Polish = 0.3 kgs/m2
f) Woira Wood para-quet flooring
1. Woira wood with 3% wastage = 1.03m2/m2
2. Adhesive glue including wastage = 0.4kgs/m2
3. Polish = 0.6kgs/m2
g) Wooden Flooring
1. Boarding wastage 2% = 1.02m2/m2
2. Nails: 4 - 6cm length
3. Floor joist at 50cm apart with
5% wastage size 5 x 7cm = 2.05ml/m2
4. Nails for floor joint
h) Carpet Flooring
1. Carpet with 5% wastage = 1.05m2/m2
A) Ceramic wall tile
XI Wall tiles
1. Ceramic tile with 5% wastage size 15 x 15cm = 47pcs/m2
71/2 x 15cm = 94pcs/m2 5 x 10cm = 210pcs/m2
10 x 10cm = 105pcs/m2
2. Mortar 1:4 for bedding with 10% wastage = 0.001m3/m2
2.1 Cement = 0.37kgs/m2
2.2 Sand = 0.001m3/m2
3. Cement for grouting the joints = 0.01kgs/m2
B) Mosaic wall tile
1. Mosaic tile with 2% wastage = 1.02m2/m2
2. Mortar 1:4 for bedding with 10% wastage = 0.001m3/m2

2.1 Cement = 0.37kgs/m2

2.2 Sand = 0.001m3/m2
3. Cement for grouting the joints = 0.02kgs/m2
C) Skirting
a) Terrazzo tile (cement tile' for skirting
Bedded in cement mortar 1:4
1. Tile with 10% wastage size 10 x 20cm = 11pcs/ml
2. Mortar 1:4 for bedding with 10% wastage = 0.0006m3/pcs
2.1 Cement = 0.22kgs/pcs
2.2 Sand = 0.006m3/pcs
b) Plastic tile skirting
1. Plastic tile with 2% wastage = 1.02m/ml
2. Adhesive including wastage = 0.01kgs/ml
c) Marble slate skirting
1. Marble slate with 10% wastage = 1.10m/ml
2. Mortar with 10% wastage = 0.003m3/ml
2.1 Cement = 1.10kgs/ml
2.2 Sand = 0.003m3/ml
d) Wooden Skirting
1. Wooden skirting with 10% wastage =1.1m/ml
2. Fisher = 5 pcs/ml
3. Screw = 5 pcs/ml
D. Window sill
a) Marble slate window sill width 27cm
1. Marble 2 or 3cm thick = 1m/ml
2. Mortar with 10% wastage = 0.007m3/ml
2.1 Cement = 2.6kgs/ml
2.2 Sand = 0.007m3/ml
b) Granolithic window sill width 27cm
1. 3 Granolithic cm thick = 1m/ml
2. Mortar with 10% wastage = 0.007m3/ml
2.1 Cement = 2.6kgs/ml
2.2 Sand = 0.007m3/ml
c) Pre-cast concrete window sill 5cm Thick 27cm wide.
1. Concrete with 10% wastage = 0.015m3/ml
2. Mortar with 10% wastage = 0.007m3/ml
XI. Glazing
a) 3mm thick glass fixed on tubular profile black iron steel
1. 3mm glass with 10% wastage =1.1m2/m2
2. Putty = 0.20kg/m2
b) 4mm thick glass fixed on tubular profile block iron steel
1. Glass with 10% wastage = 1.10m2/m2
2. Putty = 0.20kg/m2
c) 5mm thick glass fixed on tubular profile black iron steel
1. Glass with 10% wastage =1.10m2/m2
2. Putty = 0.15kg/m2
d) 3mm thick glass fixed on seco profile (galvanized iron steel)
1. 3mm thick glass with 10% wastage = 1.10m2/m2
2. Putty = 0.25kg/m2
e) 4mm thick glass fixed on seco profile (galvanized iron steel)
1. 4mm thick glass with 10% wastage = 1.10m/m2
2. Putty = 0.20kg/m2
f) 5mm thick glass fixed on seco profile (galvanized iron steel)
1. 5mm thick glass with 10% wastage = 1.10m2/m2
2. Putty = 0.15kg/m2
XXI. Painting
a) 2 coats of plastic emulsion paint to internal newly plastered surface.
1. Priming coat to fill the props of the surface prepare smooth base
for the 1st paint coat. = 62.5grams/m2
1.1 Stucco =50.0"/m2

1.2 Animal Glue before vinavil = 12.5"/m2

2 1st coat = 0.07 ilt/m2

2nd coat = 0.06 lit/m2

= 1pcs/500m2
3 Brusher for plastic paint
40 x 140mm
4. Sand paper = 0.01m2/m2
5. Gypsum = 0.03kg/m2
b. 3 coats of plastic emulsion paint to internal newly plastered surface.
1. Priming coat to fill the process of the surface to prepare smooth base for 1st
paint coat.
1.1 Stucco =50.0 grams/m2
1.2 Animal or vinavil glue =12.5grams/m2
2. 1st coat = 0.07 lit/m2
3. 2nd coat = 0.06 lit/m2
4. 3rd coat final coat = 0.05 lit/m2
5. Gypsum = 0.03 kgs/m2
6. Sand paper = 0.01 m2/m2
7. Brush 140 x 40mm = 1pcs/500m2
c) 2 coat of plastic emulsion paint to external newly plastered surface.
1 Priming coat = 62.5gram/m2
1.1 stucco = 0.50grams/m2
1.2 Animal or vinavil glue = 12.5grams/m2
2 1st coat = 0.08lit/m2
3 2nd coat = 0.07lit/m2
4 Sand paper = 0.01m2/m2
5 Brush 140 x 40mn = 1pcs/500m2
6 Cement mortar = 0.02kgs/m2
d) 3 coats of plastic emulsion paint to external newly plastered surface
1. Priming coat = 62.5 gram/m2
1.1 stucco = 50grams/m2
1.2 Animal or vinavil glue = 12.5 grams/m2
2. 1st coat = 0.08 lit/m2
3. 2md coat = 0.07 lit/m2
4. 3rd coat = 0.06 lit/m2
5. Sand paper = 0.01m2/m2
6. Brush 140 x 40 mm = 1pcs/500m2
7. Cement mortar = 0.02kgs/m2
e) 2 coats of plastic emulsion to external rendered surface.
1. 1st coat = 0.13lit/m2
2. 2nd coat = 0.11 lit/m2
3. Brush 140 x 40m = 1pcs/m2
f) 3 coats plastic emulsion paint to external rendered surface
1. 1st coat = 0.13 lit/m2
2. 2nd coat = 0.11 lit/m2
3. 3rd coat = 0.01lit/m2
4. Brush 140 x 40m = 1pcs/500m2
g) 2 coats of synthetic enamel paint to wooden surface.
1. 1st coat =0.06lit/m2
2. 2nd coat =0.05litm2
3. Solvent (thinner) for 1st and 2nd coat =0.5 lit/gall
4. Brush 4” or 5” =1pcs/200m2
5. Stucco =0.05kgs/m2
6. Sand paper =0.007m2/m2
h) 3 coats of synthetic enamel point to wooden surface.
1. 1st coat = 0.06lit/m2
2. 2nd coat = 0.05lit/m2
3. 3rd coat = 0.04lit/m2
4. Solvent (thinner) for 1st and 2nd coat = 0.5lit/gall
5. Brush = 1pcs /200m2
6. (Stucco) Knotting = 0.05kgs/m2
7. Sand paper =0.007m2/m2
i) 2 coats of varnish or lurker paint to wooden surface
1. 1st coat =0.06lit/m2
2. 2nd coat =0.05lit/m2
3. Brush =1pcs/200m2
4. Stucco (Knotting) = 0.05kgs/m2
5. Sand paper =0.007m2/m2
j) Cement paint to porous smooth surface
1. Cement paint =0.5lit/m2

2. Brush =1pcs/200m2
k) Cement paint to porous rough surface
1. Cement Paint =1.25lit/m2

2. Brush =1pcs/200m2
l) 3 coats of plastic emulsion paint to chip wood ceiling.
1. Priming coat = 62.5grams/m2
1.1 Stucco = 50.0grams/m2
1.2 Vinavil or animal glue = 12.5grams/m2
2. 1st coat plastic emulsion paint = 0.5lit/gall
3. Knotting
3.1 Stucco =0.05kgs/m2
3.2 Gypsum =0.04kgs/m2
4. 2nd coat =0.08lit/m2
5. 3rd coat = 0.07lit/m2
6. Sand paper = 0.007m2/m2
7. Brush 140 x 40mm = 1pcs/400m2
m) 3 coats of synthetic enamel paint to steel surface.
1. Priming coat (anti-rust) = 0.04lit/m2

2. Thinner for Anti-rust = 0.5lit/gall

3. 1st coat = 0.04lit/m2
4. 2nd coat = 0.04lit/m2
5. 3rd coat = 0.04lit/m2

6. Thinner for the paint = 0.5lit/gall

7. Sand paper = 0.007m2/m2
8. Brush 4" or 5" = 1 pcs/300m2

n) 3 coats of synthetic enamel paint to galvanized steel surface.

XIII Damp – Proofing and Water Proofing
A-a) one coat of bitumen for plastered wall surface.
1. Bitumen emulsion for primer coat with 5%
Wastage =0.42kgs/m2
2. One coat of bitumen emulsion
With 5% wastage. =0.79kgs/m2
b) Ditto but two coats
1. Bitumen emulsion for primer coat with 5%
Wastage = 0.42kgs/m2
2. Two coats of bitumen emulsion
= 1.58kgs/m2
B-a) one coat of bitumen for ground slab.
1. Bitumen emulsion for primer coat with 5%
wastage =0.42kgs/m2
2. One coats of bitumen emulsion
with 5% wastage Ditto but two coats = 0.79kgs/m2
1. Bitumen emulsion for primer coat with 5%
b)

Wastage = 0.42kgs/m2
2. Two coats of bitumen with 5% wastage =1.58kgs/m2

C – a) One coat of bitumen for roofing

1. Bitumen emulsion for primer coat with 5%
wastage = 0.32kgs/m2

2. One ply of glass fiber with

10% wastage and overlap = 1.20 m2/m2
3. One coat of bitumen emulsion
with 5% wastage = 2.5kgs/m2
Note: - Galvanized iron should not be painted until it has been exposed to the weather
For half a year as paint adheres badly to new galvanized iron. It is necessary
to paint sooner a coat mordant solution can be used. This solution turns the
galvanized iron black.
1. 1st coat = 0.04lit/m2
2. 2nd coat = 0.04lit/m2
3. 3rd coat = 0.04lit/m2
 4. Thinner for the paint = 0.5lit/gallon
5. Sand paper = 0.007m2/m2
6. Brush 4” or 5” = 1pcs/300m2

d) Ditto but two coats.

1. Bitumen emulsion for primer
coat with 5%wastage =0.32kgs/m2

2. Two plies of glass fiber with

with 10% wastage & overlap = 2.41 m2/m2
3. Two coat of bitumen emulsion
with 5% wastage. = 4.5kgs/m2
4. Two coat of reflecting emulsion
with 5% wastage =0.32kgs/m2
XIV. Sanitary Work
a. 1. In Villa Houses for water supply
½ ” & ¾ ” Galvanized Water pipes are laid
& those are found in pcs. = 6ml
2. For sewerage in Villa houses
11/4” & 11 –2” pipes are laid & those
are found in pcs. = 6ml
b. Sanitary Equipment
3. Enamel bath tubs size 170 x 70 cm = = pcs
4. Shower plate size 70 x 70cm, 80 x 80cm = pcs
5. Wash basin 60 x 50cm, 55 x 45cm, 40 x 40cm & 40 x 30cm = pcs
6. Bottle trap = pcs
7. Water closet low flush or high flush = pcs
8. Turkish water closet = pcs
9. Bidet = pcs
10. Urinal = pcs
11. Sink 100 x 50cm, 120 x 50cm
140 x 50cm, 150 x 50cm
180 x 50 cm, single bowel
200 x 50 cm Soap Holder Paper roll holder
Mirror Size
XV. Electrical Installation Electrical Materials
a. Conduits
a-1) Semi Rigid Electrical Conduits = ml
1. Conduits 11mm = ml
2. Conduits 13mm = ml
3. Conduits 14mm

a-2) Rigid Electrical Conduits

1. Conduits 11mm = ml

2. Conduits 13mm = ml
3. Conduits 14mm = ml
4. Conduits 19mm = ml
5. Conduits 20mm = ml
6. Conduits 23mm = ml

7. Conduits 25mm = ml
8. Conduits 29mm = ml
9. Conduits 35mm = ml
10. Conduits 42mm = ml
11. Conduits 50mm = ml
b) Electrical Junction Boxes
1. Switch boxes 0.65 mm = pcs
2. Junction boxes 0.85 mm = pcs
Junction boxes 100 x 100mm = pcs
Junction boxes 100 x 150mm = pcs
Junction boxes 100 x 300mm = pcs
3. Water proof junction boxes 70mm = pcs
c.) Wires & cables
c-1 Electrical Wires Rigid
1. Single rigid Wire 1 x 1mm2 = ml
2. Single rigid Wire 1 x 1.5mm2 = ml
3. Single rigid Wire 1 x 2mm2 = ml
4. Single rigid Wire 1 x 2.5mm2 = ml
5. Single rigid Wire 1 x 4mm2 = ml
6. Single rigid Wire 1 x 6.3mm2 = ml
7. Single rigid Wire 1 x 8mm2 = ml
c-2. Electrical Wires Flexible.
1. Single Flexible Wire 1 x 1mm2 = ml
2. Single Flexible Wire 1 x 1.5mm2 = ml
3. Single Flexible Wire 1 x 2mm2 = ml
4. Single Flexible Wire 1 x 2.5mm2 = ml
5. Single Flexible Wire 1 x 4mm2 = ml
6. Single Flexible Wire 1 x 8 mm2 = ml
7. Single Flexible Wire 1 x 10mm2 = ml
8. Single Flexible Wire 1 x 16mm2 = ml
9. Single Flexible Wire 1 x 25mm2 = ml
c-3. Flat Wire
1. Twin Wire 2 x 0.25mm2 = ml
2. Twin Wire 2 x 0.35mm2 = ml
3. Twin Wire 2 x 0.50mm2 = ml
4. Twin Wire 2 x 0.80mm2 = ml
5. Twin Wire 2 x 2.00mm2 = ml
6. Twin Wire 2 x 2.5mm2 = ml
c-4. Telephone Wire
1.Telephone Wire 2 x 0.50mm2 = ml
2. Telephone Wire 2 x 0.80mm2 = ml
3. Telephone Wire 2 x 1.00mm2 = ml
c-5. Round flexible rubber cables
1.Rubber 2 cores cable 2 x 0.50mm2 = ml
2. Rubber 2 cores cable 2 x 0.80mm2 = ml
3. Rubber 2 cores cable 2 x 1.00mm2 = ml
4. Rubber 2 cores cable 2 x 1.5mm2 = ml
5. Rubber 2 cores cable 2 x 2.0mm2 = ml
6. Rubber 2 cores cable 2 x 2.5mm2 = ml
7. Rubber 2 cores cable 2 x 6.0mm2 = ml
8. Rubber 2 cores cable 3 x 0.8mm2 = ml
9. Rubber 2 cores cable 3 x 1.0mm2 = ml
10. Rubber 2 cores cable 3 x 1.5mm2 = ml
11. Rubber 2 cores cable 3 x 2.00mm2 = ml
12. Rubber 2 cores cable 3 x 2.5mm2 = ml
13. Rubber 2 cores cable 3 x 4mm2 = ml
14. Rubber 2 cores cable 3 x 6.3mm2 = ml
15. Rubber 2 cores cable 4 x 1.5mm2 = ml
16. Rubber 2 cores cable 4 x 2.0mm2 = ml
17. Rubber 2 cores cable 4 x 2.5mm2 = ml
18. Rubber 2 cores cable 4 x 4.0mm2 = ml
19. Rubber 2 cores cable 4 x 6.3mm2 = ml c-6. Flat Rigid Cable
1. Rigid 2 cores cable 2 x 0.50mm2 = ml
2. Rigid 2 cores cable 2 x 0.80mm2 = ml
3. Rigid 2 cores cable 2 x 1.0mm2 = ml
4. Rigid 2 cores cable 2 x 1.60mm2 = ml
5. Rigid 2 cores cable 2x 2.0mm2 = ml
6. Rigid 2 cores cable 2 x 2.5mm2 = ml
7. Rigid 2 cores cable 2 x 4 mm2 = ml
8. Rigid 2 cores cable 2 x 6.3mm2 = ml
9. Rigid 2 cores cable 2 x 8mm2 = ml
10. Rigid 2 cores cable 2x 10mm2 = ml
c-7. Round Rigid Cable
1 Round Cable 3 cores 3 x 0.50mm2 = ml
2. Round Cable 3 cores 3 x 0.80mm2 = ml
3. Round Cable 3 cores 3 x 1.00mm2 = ml
4. Round Cable 3 cores 3 x 1.60mm2 = ml
5. Round Cable 3 cores 3 x 2.0mm2 = ml
6. Round Cable 3 cores 3 x 2.5mm2 = ml
7.Round Cable 3 cores 3 x 4mm2 = ml
8. Round Cable 3 cores 3 x 6.3mm2 = ml
9. Round Cable 3 cores 4 x 1.6mm2 = ml
10. Round Cable 3 cores 4 x 2.5mm2 = ml
11. Round Cable 3 cores 4 x 4mm2 = ml
12. Round Cable 3 cores 4 x 6mm2 = ml
d) Line terminal
1. Line terminal 05mm = pcs
2. Line terminal 06.5mm = pcs
3. Line terminal 08mm = pcs
4. Line terminal 09mm = pcs
e) Switch
e-1) Flush Mounted
1. Flush mounting normal switches = pcs
2. Flush mounting two way switches = pcs
3. Flush mounting double two way = pcs
4. Flush mounting two way + two way + tow switches = pcs
5. Flush mounting two way switches + boll push = pcs
e-2) Surface mounted
1. Surface mounted switches = pcs
2. Surface mounting two switches = pcs
3. Surface mounting double switches = pcs
e-3) Main Switch
1. Main Switch single pole = pcs
2. Main Switch double pole = pcs
3. Main Switch three pole = pcs
f) Sockets
f.1) Surface Mounting socket
1. Surface mounting socket 10A + ground
2. Surface mounting socket 2x15A + ground
3. Surface mounting socket 2x15A
f.2) Flush mounting socket
1. Flush mounting normal socket 10A = pcs
2. Flush mounting normal socket 10A + ground = pcs
3. Flush mounting normal socket 15A + ground = pcs
f.3) Heavy duty rubber socket
1. Heavy duty rubber socket 2 x 10A+G = pcs
2. Heavy duty rubber socket 2 x 15A+G = pcs
3. Heavy duty rubber socket 3x 15A+G = pcs
g) Bell Push
g-1) Surface mounted
1. Surface mounting bell push 10Amp = pcs

g-2) Flush mounted

1. Flush mounting bell push 10Amp = pcs

2. Flush mounting bell push + socket = pcs

h) Electrical Bells
1. Round bell 8 - 12 volts = pcs
2. Round bell 220 volts = pcs
3. Din Don bells 8 - 12 volts = pcs
4. Din Don bells 220 volts = pcs
i) Bell indicators
Surface mounted and flush mounted
1. Bell Indicates No. 6 = pcs
2. Bell Indicates No 8 = pcs
3. Bell Indicates No 10 = pcs
4. Bell Indicates No 12 = pcs
j) Electrical Lamps
1. Normal lamp
2. Globe ceiling lamp
3. Globe straight base for walls Globe slanting base for walls
4. Fluorescent lamp 1 x 10, 1 x 20, 1 x 10,
2x20 & 2x 40 = pcs
k) Insulating tapes
1. Insulating tapes = roll
l) Insulating staples
1. Insulating staples ¾ , 5/8, 5/8 = pakts
m) Water heater
1. Water heater 30 lit = pcs
2. Water heater 50 lit = pcs
3. Water heater 80 lit = pcs
4. Water heater 100 lit = pcs
5. Water heater 120 lit = pcs
6. Water heater 150 lit = pcs
a) Drains
XVI. Site work
1. 10 cm concrete pipe installation in trench laid on 5cm thick Red ash bed
joints filled in cement mortar 1:4 per 20ml
1.1 Concrete pipe 10 with 5% wastage =21 pcs/20ml
1.2 Mortar with 5% wastage = 0.06m3/20ml
1.2.1 Cement = 22kgs/20ml
1.2.2 Sand = 0.06m3/20ml
2.3 Red Ash = 0.13m3/20ml
2. Ditto but  15cm
2.1 Concrete pipe 15 cm with 5% wastage = 21pcs/20ml
2.2 Mortar with 5% wastage = 0.08m3/20ml
2.2.1 Cement = 29.44kgs/20ml
2.2.2 Sand = 0.08m3/20ml
2.3 Red Ash with 5% wastage = 0.21m3/20ml
3. Ditto but 20cm
3.1 Concrete pipe 20cm with 5% wastage = 21pcs/20ml
3.2 Mortar with 5% wastage = 0.1m3/20ml
3.2.1 Cement = 36.8kgs/ml
3.2.2 Sand = 01m3/20ml
3.3 Red Ash with 5% wastage = 0.26m3/20ml
4. Ditto but 30cm
4.1 Concrete pipe 30cm with 5% wastage = 21pcs/20ml
4.2 Mortar with 5% wastage = 0.14 m3/20ml
4.2.1 Cement = 51.52kgs/20ml
4.2.2 Sand = 0.15m3/20ml
4.3 Red Ash = 0.37m3/20ml
5. Ditto but 0.40cm
5.1 Concrete pipe 0.40cm with 5% wastage =21pcs/20ml
5.2 Mortar with 5% wastage = 0.18m3/20ml
5.2.1 Cement = 66.24 kgs/20ml
5.2.2 Sand = 0.20m3/30ml
5.3 Red Ash = 0.47m3/20ml
6. Ditto but 0.50 cm
6.1 Concrete pipe 0.50cm with 5% wastage = 21pcs/20ml
6.2 Mortar with 5% wastage = 0.22m3/20ml
6.2.1 Cement = 73.64kgs/20ml
6.2.2 Sand = 0.21m3/20ml
6.3 Red Ash = 0.58m3/20ml
7. Ditto but 0.60cm
7.1 Concrete pipe 0.60cm with 10% wastage = 22pcs/20ml
7.2 Mortar with 5% wastage = 0.28m3/20ml
7.2.1 Cement
7.2.2 Sand
7.3 Red Ash
8. Ditto but 0.80 cm
8.1 Concrete pipe 0.80cm with 10% wastage
8.2 Mortar with 5% wastage = 0.36m3/20ml
8.2.1 Cement = 132.48kgs/20ml
8.2.2 Sand =0.38m3/20ml
9. Ditto but 100cm
9.1 Concrete pipe 0 100cm with 10% wastage = 22pcs/20ml
9.2 Mortar with 5% wastage = 0.38m3/20ml
9.2.1 Cement = 139.84kgs/20ml
9.2.2 Sand = 0.4m3/20ml
b. Road constructed out of flexible asphalt.
1. Sub-base of basaltic or equivalent 25cm thick with 10% Wastage = 0.28m 3/m2
2. Base coarse 04 - 05 gravel 10cm thick with 20% Wastage = 0.12m3/m2
3. Prime coat of MC - 70 = 1.41ts/m2
4. Second layer base coarse of 02 gravel 5cm thick with 15% wastage = 0.058m3/m2
 5. Second prime coat type 180 - 200 M.C = 1.5lts/m2
6. Wearing surface out of 01 gravel 2cm thick with 15% wastage = 0.023m3/m2
7. Final coat asphalt = 1.6lts/m2
8. Fine crushed aggregate and dust 1cm thick with 20% wastage. = 0.012m3/m2
c) Man - hole
1. 60 x 60 x 60cm made out of half brick wall bedded in cement Mortar 1:4
1 brick with 5% wastage = 111 pcs/pcs
2. Mortar with 15% wastage = 0.13m3/pcs
2.1 Cement = 47.84kgs/pcs
2.2 Sand = 0.14m3pcs
2. 60 x 60 x 60cm made out of 15cm thick hollow block bedded in cement mortar 1:4
1. Hollow block with 5% wastage = 23pcs/pcs
2. Mortar with 20% wastage = 0.037m3/pcs
2.1 Cement = 13.45kgs/pcs
2.2 Sand = 0.037m3/pcs
XVII. Fence work
Materials for Fence work are:-
1 Barbed wire in roll =200ml
2 U Nails in packet = 5kgs
3 Galv. Fencing net in roll 1-3m with = 25ml
4 Black sl fencing net in roll = 13ml
5 Black wire in roll = 25kgs
6 Angle iron in pcs = 6 or 12ml
7 Angle T iron in pcs = 6 or 12 ml
8 Eucalyptus posts in pcs = 2.00, 2.50 or 3.00 ml
9 Gabion in pcs = 1.00m
Calculating Labor Requirement
Item Description Labor Efficiencies Labor
Gang Time work to Requirement
be executed
1. Excavation & Earth Work
1.1 Site clearing to remove
topsoil to an average

depth of 20cm 1D.L 8hr 10m2 48min/m2

1.2 Trench Excavation in
ordinary oil
a. To a depth of 1.2m 1D.L 8hr 1.25m3 6.40hr/m3
 b. To a depth of 2.20m 1D.L 8hr 1.00m3 8.00hr/m3
c. To a depth of 3.00m 1D.L 8hr 0.75m3 10.66hr/m3

1.3 Bulk excavation in

ordinary soil
a. To a depth of 1.5m Cart 1D.L 8hr 1.5m3 5.33hr/m3
Away
1.4 a. To 500m away from

the site 1D.L 8hr 1.5m3 5.33hr/m3

b. To 1 km away from the 8hr 8hr 1.m3 8hr/m3
site 1D.L 18m2 26min/m2
1.5 Hard-coring 25cm thick 1M+4D.L

1.6 Back fill around

foundation: 1D.L 8hr
a. Loose soil 2m3 4hr/m3

b. Aggregate 1D.L 8hr 11/2m3 5.33hr/m3

2. Concrete Work
2.1 Lean concrete 1M+6D.L 8hr
a. 5cm thick 20m2 24min/m2

b. 8cm thick 1M+6D.L 8hr 15m2 32min/m2

2.2 Floor Slab
a. 8cm thick 1M+6D.L 8 hr 15m2 32min/m2

b. 10cm thick 1M+6D.L 8hr 12.5m2 38min/m2

c. 15cm thick Ground beam 1M+6D.L 8hr 8hr 10m2 48min/m2
2.3 1M+6D.L 11/2m3 5.33hr/m3

2.4 Footing 1M+6D.L 8hr 11/2m3 5.33hr/m3

2.5 Foundation column 1M+6D.L 8hr 11/4m3 6.40hr/m3
2.6 Upper tie beam 1M+6D.L 8hr 11/2m3 8.00hr/m3
2.7 Lintel 1M+6D.L 8hr 1m3 8.00 hr/m3
2.8 Column up to 2m 1M+6D.L 8hr 1m3 6.40hrr/m3
2.9 Column above 2m 1M+6D.L 8hr 11/4m3 8.00hrr/m3
3 Masonry Work
3.1 Stone Masonry sub-structure.
a. 40cm thick 2M+6D.L 8hr 8hr 5m3 6m3 7m3 1.66hr/m3
b. 50cm thick 2M+6D.L 8hr 1.33hr/m3
c. 60cm thick 2M+6D.L 1.15hr/m3

3.2 Stone Masonry super structure

a. 40cm thick 2M+6D.L 8hr 8hr 3m3 4m3 5m3 2.66hr/m3
b. 50cm thick 2M+6D.L 8hr 2hr/m3 1.6hr/m3
c. 60cm thick 2M+6D.L

Brick Masonry Wall for plastering.

a. 25cm thick up to 2m 1M+3D.L 8hr 8hr 7m2 9m2 5m2 1.14hr/m2
b. 12cm thick up to 2m 1M+3D.L 8hr 8hr 7m2 53min/m2
c. 25cm thick from 2-4m 1M+3D.L 1.60hr/m2
d. 12cm thick from 2-4m 1M+3D.L 1.13hr/m2

###
3.4 Hollow Block Masonry
Wall for plastering

a. 20cm thick uptown 2m 1M+2D.L 8hr 8hr 8hr 10m2 48min/m2

b. 15cm thick up to 2m 1M+2D.L 8hr 8hr 8hr 10m2 48min/m2 1hr/m2
c. 10cm thick up to 2m 1M+2D.L 8m2 8m2 8m2 1hr/m2 1hr/m2
d. 20cm thick form 2-4m 1M+2D.L 6m2 1.33hr/m2
e. 15cm thick from 2-4m 1M+2D.L
f. 10cm thick from 2-4m 1M+2D.L

4 Roofing Work

40m2 12min/m2
4.1 Leaf covering (G.C.I) 1C+2D.L 8hr
4.2 Ridge cover 1C+2D.L 8hr 70ml 7min/ml
4.3 Valley cover 1C+2D.L 8hr 70ml 7min/ml
4.4 Gutter fixing 1C+2D.L 8hr 30ml 16min/ml
Joining eucalyptus truss
upto 10m span on ground 1C+2D.L 8hr 4truss 2hr/truss
4.6 Down pipe fixing 1C+2D.L 8hr 40ml 12min/ml
4.7 Truss erecting 1C+2D.L 8hr 15tress 32min/tress
4.8 Fixing corrugated 1C+2D.L 8hr
asbestos 25m2 19min/m2
4.9 Fixing EGA sheet joining 1C+2D.L 8hr 30m2 16min/m2
4.10 Joining Zigba Truss up to
10m span on ground 1C+2D.L 8hr 3tress 2.66hr/tr
4.11 Zigba truss erecting 1C+8D.L 8hr 15tress 32min/tru
4.12 Fascia board fixing 1C+2D.L 8hr 70ml 7min/ml
5. Joinery - Work
5.1 Leaf covering (G.C.I) 1C+2D.L 8hr 3pcs 2.66hr/pos
5.2 Ridge cover 1C+2D.L 8hr 4pcs 2hr/pos
5.3 Valley cover 1C+2D.L 8hr 10m2 48min/m2
5.4 Gutter fixing 1C+2D.L 8hr 10m2 48min/m2
5.5 Joining eucalyptus truss 1C+2D.L 8hr
up to 10m span on ground 13m2 48min/m2

6. Metal Work
6.1 Metal door fixing 1W+2D.L 8hr 3pcs 2.66hr/pcs
6.2 Metal Window fixing 1W+2D.L 8hr 4pcs 2hr/pcs
6.3 French Window fixing 1W+2D.L 8hr 2pcs 4hr/pcs
7. Plastering & Pointing
7.1 1st cost plastering 1P+2D.L 8hr 35m2 14min/m2
7.2 2nd cost plastering 1P+2D.L 8hr 10m2 48min/m2
7.3 3rd cost plastering 1P+2D.L 8hr 14m2 34min/m2
7.4 Pointing on stone Wall
7.5 Pointing on brick wall 1P+2D.L 8hr 8m2 4hr/m2
7.6 Pointing on Hollow block 1P+2D.L 8hr 14m2 34min/m2
7.7 Pointing on dressed stone 1P+2D.L 8hr 12m2 40min/m2
7.8 Rendering 1P+2D.L 8hr 20m2 24min/m2
8. Flooring
8.1 Cement Screed 1M+2D.L 8hr 14m2 34min/m2
8.2 Cement tile fixing 1M+2D.L 8hr 10m2 48min/m2
8.3 Plastic tile fixing 1M+2D.L 8hr 17m2 48min/m2
8.4 Par - quet flooring 1M+2D.L 8hr 15m2 32min/m2
8.5 Wooden flooring 1C+2D.L 8hr 8m2 1hr/m2
8.6 Ceramic wall tile 1M+2D.L 8hr 7m2 1.14hrn/m2
8.7 Plastic tile skirting 1M+2D.L 8hr 40ml 12min/ml
8.8 Cement tile skirting 1M+2D.L 8hr 12ml 40min/m2
8.9 Marble slate flooring 1M+2D.L 8hr 12ml 40min/m2
8.10 Marble slate skirting 1M+2D.L 8hr 16ml 30min/m2
8.11 Fixing pre-cat window sill 1M+2D.L 8hr 10ml 48min/ml
8.12 Fixing un pre-cast window sill 1M+2D.L 8hr 6ml 1.33min/ml
9. Glazing
9.1 Cutting 1G+2D.L 8hr 8hr 50m2 10min/m2
9.2 Fixing 1G+2D.L 20m2 24min/m2

10. Painting
a) Plastic paint

10.1 Painting plastered wall 1P + 1DL 8hr

Surface 3ocats 30m2 16min/m2

10.2 Painting Rendered wall 1P + 1DL 8hr 25m2 19min/m2

10.3 surface 1P + 1DL 8hr
Painting Abujedid wall 20m2 24min/m2

10.4 Painting Hard board obi 1P + 1DL 8hr 20m2 24min/m2

10.4 Painting Cheap board 1P + 1DL 8hr 20m2 24ming/m2
ceiling

b) Synthetic paint
10.6 Plastered wall surface in 1p + ID1 8hr
3 coats 25m2 19min/m2

10.7 Wooden surface 1p + ID1 8hr 25m2 19min/m2

10.8 Metal surface 1p + ID1 8hr 25m2 19min/m2

11. Sanitary work
11.1 G.1. pipe laying in
Ground ½ - 11/4 1P+2DL 8hr 120m2 4min/ml

11.2 Fixing – Bath tube

Shower complete, wash
Basin, water closest, bidet
Sink, urinal 1p+1DL 8hr 1pcs 8hr/pcs
12 Electrical installation

2 Fixing conduits 1E+1DL 8hr 40ml 12min/ml

12.2. Pulling wires 1E+1DL 8hr 50ml 10min/ml
 12.3. Fixing switch & out-lets 1E+1DL 8hr 20pcs 24min/pcs
12.4. Fixing fittings 1E+1DL 8hr 10pcs 48min/pcs
12.5. Fitting distribution board 1E+1DL 8hr 10pcs 8min/pcs
13. Site Work
13.1 Drain laying
0.10 - 0.30m 1M +3 1DL 8hr 30ml 16min/ml
0.40 - 0.60 m 8hr 20ml 24min/ml
0.80 - 1.00 m 8hr 10ml 48min/ml
13.2 Curb Stone 1m+3DL 8hr 30ml 16min/ml
13.3 0.60 x 0.60 x 0.60m
Manhole out of brick 1m+3DL 8hr 3pcs 4hr/pcs
13.4 0.60 x 0.60 x 0.60m
Manhole out of hollow block 1m+3DL 8hr 2pcs 4hr/pcs
13.5 Fencing with Galv. 1C+2DL 8hr
Fencing net 50m2 10min/m2

Calculating Unit Prices (Analysis of Rates)
In ordinary type of building the cost of materials is about 60% & labor 40% of the total
cost of the whole building.
Materials: - Walling material 25% cement 13% steel 10% timber 12%
Labor: - Excavation 1% mason 25% carpenters 12% smith 2%
The cost of separate items of works may be roughly as follows as percentage of the total cost
of the building for a single storey building.
Excavation …………………………………………………… 1%
Concrete in Foundation ……………………………………… 2% Foundation wall up to plinth ………………………
Flooring……………………………………………………….. 6%
Joinery………………………………………………………… 15%
Internal Finishes……………………………………………….. 6%
External………………………………………………………… 3% Water Supply & Sanitary work……………………
100%
For the purpose of calculating unit prices the details about all the operations involved in
carrying out the work should be available, the quantities of materials required and their costs
should be known and the number of different categories of laborers required and the capacity doing work per laborer
The rates of particular item of work depend on the following:-
- Specifications of work and materials, quality of materials proportion of mortar method of
constructional operation.
- Quantities of materials and their rates, number of different types of laborer and their rates.
- Location of the site of work and its distance from the sources of materials and their rates.
- Profits overhead expenses & miscellaneous of contractor.
Material   Cost – include
- The first cost (cost of origin)
- Cost of transport
- Taxes etc.
Labor Cost
Varies from place to place. In bigger cities where standard of living is high &
specialized and experienced labor is higher than small towns and country sides.
Transportation
In the country if transportation of material is to be done the rate is on highway (as
0.02049 cents/kg/km on rural road (0.04 cent/kg/km).
Profit        - Contractors are allowed to get a net profit of 6 - 8%
Overhead cost & Miscellaneous
These include general office expenses, rents taxes, Supervision and other costs, which are indirect expenses and not p
The analysis of rates of different items of work is the summation of cost of material,
cost of labor, transportation, profit & overhead cost and miscellaneous.
PRODUCTION RATE FOR BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
Item Type of activity Unit CREW FORMATION
No Labor Equipment
1 5cm thick lean concrete (c- 7) m3 1 Forman 1 mixer
2 mason
45 D/L
2 Concrete C-15 m3 1 Forman 1Mixer
2 mason 1 Vibrator
45 D/L
3 C-25 concrete for footing m3 1 Forman 1 Mixer
2 mason 1 Vibrator
45 D/L
4 C-25 concrete for column m3 1 Forman 1 Mixer
2 mason 2 Vibrator
25 D/L
5 C-25 concrete for Grade Beam m3 1Forman 2 mason 1 Mixer
45 D/L 2 Vibrator

6 C-25 Concrete for slab m3 1 Forman 1 Mixer

2 Mason 2 Vibrator
45 D/L
7 C-25 top beam and Lintel m3 1 Forman 1 Mixer
2 Mason 2 Vibrator
45 D/L
8 30 cm Ribbed slab m2 1/6 Forman 1Mason -
2 D/L

9 Wooden form work m2 1/6 Forman 1 carpenter -

(Footing) 1 Helper
1 D/L
 10 Wooden form work m2 1/6 Forman 1 carpenter -
(Column) 1 Helper
1 D/L

TRANSPORT COST
To transport cement from Addis Ababa - Kebridehar
Type of Vehicle - Truck (N3) with trailer Capacity of truck - 200 qts/trip
Average speed of truck - 40km/hr Total distance to cover - 1035 kms
Time taken to arrive - 1035    = 25.8 = 26 hr = 3.25 days 40
7 days round trip
Rental rate of truck with fuel and wage (Rental rate x day) hour/ day = (86 x 7) 8 = 4816 birr/trip
Fuel Expense = 1035 x 2 (it covers 1.5 km/liter)
1.5
= 1389 - Fuel cost/liter (1.46 Birr/liter)
= 1380 x 1.46
= 2014.80 birr

Driver wage.
a. Driver salary = 420 x 7 = 113 birr
26
= 20 birr x 7 = 140 birr
∑= 253 birr
b. Assistant salary = 180 x 7 = 63 birr
26
= 18 x 7 = 126 birr
∑= 189 birr
= 253 + 189 = 442 birr
Loading and unloading        = (20 cents/qts)
= 2(200 x 0.20) = 80 birr/qts
Storage cost                            = (0.02 x 200) 10 days = 40 birr
Total transport cost = 4816 + 2014 .80 + 442 + 80 + 40 = 7392.80 /round trip
= 7392.80 birr = 36.96 birr 37 birr /qts/trip 200 qts
cost of cement = 41 birr/qt
Material + Transport cost
= 41 birr + 37 birr
= 78 birr/qts
ITEM TYPE OF WORKS QUANTITIE
1. Natural stone masonry for foundation 400mm thick hard basaltic stone masonry  
foundation wall bedded in cement mortar 1:4 in full joints
a. Basaltic stone =0.53m3/m2
a. 25 m3/m3 x 0.40m x 1.05 waste
b. Mortar 0.34m3/m3 x 0.40 x 1.05 waste = 0.14m3/m2
c. Cement = 0.392 qts/m2
2. Ditto but one side roughly dressed and left for pointing
a. Basaltic stone :-
1.35m3/m3 x 0.40m x 1.05 waste = 0.56 m3/m2

b. Mortar
34m3/m3 x 0.40m x 1.05 waste = 0.14m3/m2

c. Cement = 0.392 qts/m2

d. Sand = 0.11 m3/m2

12 cm thick brick wall (1:2:9)

3. Burnt brick walls for super structures
1120mm thick burnt brick wall bedded in cement lime mortar 1:2:9 both sides left for plastering
a. Brick = 57.7 pcs/m2
b. Mortar (with 15% waste) = 0.0263 m3/m2
c. Cement = 0.031 qts/m2
d. Lime = 0.048 qts/m2

e. Sand = 0.02m3/m2
4. Ditto but 250mm thick
a. Brick = 115.4 pcs/m2
b. Mortar (with 15% waste) Cement = 0.062 m3/m2
c. Lime = 0.07 qts/m2
d. Sand = 0.11 qts/m2
e. = 0.05 m3/m2

Coats of oil paint (enamel) to galvanized steel sheet fishing: -

a. Priming = 0.10 lit/m2
b. Under coat Finishing coat = 0.08 lit/m2
c. = 0.07 lit/m2

5
Covering capacity of paint etc on various applied hand m2 covered by 1 lit
Special aluminum priming coat on planed timber 20
Lead Priming wat coat on planed timber 12
First a coat of all paint after priming 16
Second coat 18
Third coat 22
First coat of oil paint on previously painter timber 18
Second coat 20
Oil glass paint applied as a finishing coat 24
Under coat for enamel 20
Enamel on prepared surface – first coat 14
Enamel on prepared surface – second coat 18
Flat finish for varnish 22
Varnish on prepared surface – first coat 16
Varnish on prepared surface – second coat 20
Stain applied to planed timber 10
Stain applied to unwrought timber 10
Priming coat on brick or stucco 8
Priming coat 1 concrete, compo or stone 10
Priming coat on plaster 18
First coat oil paint after priming 12
Oil glass paint applied as a finishing coat 18
Priming coat on smooth iron 20
Priming coat 1 concrete, compo or stone 10
Priming coat on plaster 18
First coat oil paint after priming 12
Oil glass paint applied as a finishing coat 18
Priming coat on smooth iron 20
Priming coat on slightly rusted iron 14
Priming coat rust – pitted iron 10
First coat often priming 20
Second coat after priming 24
Description Paint required in KGS

1. Aluminum priming coat on planed timber m2 0.10

2. Lead priming coat on planed timber m2 0.22
3. First coat of paint on priming m2 0.15
4. Second coat m2 0.14
5. Third coat m2 0.10
6. oil glass finishing coat as third coat m2 0.11
7. First coat of paint on previously coat of timber m2 0.10
8. Second coat m2 0.16
9. Oil glass finishing coat as third coat m2 0.16
10. Margins to floors – first coat m2 0.14
11. Margins to floors second coat m2 0.13
12. Margins to floors third coat m2 0.11
13. Margins to reads and risers – first coat m2 0.16
14. Margins to reads and risers second coat m2 0.16
15. Margins to reads and risers third coat m2 0.14
16. Narrow molding slitting, etc, 75mm girth 100 meter 1.1
17. Narrow molding slitting, etc, 150mm girth 100 meter 2.2
18. Narrow molding slitting, etc, 75mm girth 100 meter 3.3
19. Priming coat on brick or stucco m2 0.35
20. Priming coat on concrete, stone, cromp m2 0.28
21. Priming coat to brick or stucco m2 0.35
22. First coat of paint after priming m2 0.21
23. Oil glass paint as finishing coat m2 0.14
24. Rafter ends per 300 mm length of less each 0.02
25. sash frmes 100 meter 0.35
26. Small sash squares m2 0.18
27. Sash m2 0.18
28. Large sash squares m2 0.08
29. Extra large sash squares m2 0.06
30. Sash edges m2 0.02
31. Shelf edges m2 0.01
TYPE OF PAINT WEIGHT IN KILO GRAMS PER LITTER
With the lead paint without color 3.00

Lead based paints of light color-cream

grey, stone etc. 2.75
Lead based paint of dark color-red brown 2.60
Lead based paint of green colors 2.50
Black paint 2.20
Oil gloss paint 3.00
Lead priming coat for wrought timber 3.00
Special illumining coat for wrought timber 2.00
Priming coat for brick, sturcqu and plaster 2.60
Priming coat for concrete, compo, and stone 3.00
Priming coat for iron(oxide paint) 2.00
 Stain 1.30
Varnish 1.40
Item Type of work Quantities
FENCE WORK
100 x 100 mm over all length 2400 mm fence post with wood sank into concrete base + 5% waste
a. Strut to 2400 mm fence post = 1.05 pcs/m3
b. Barbed wire fencing + 2% waste = 1.02 m/ml
c. Fixing clips + 5% waste = 0.52 pcs/ml
Ridge cover
Ridge sheet = 1.10ml/ml
Dome headed nails = 0.05 kg/ml
The absolute volume of material, is the minimum volume of the material with all voids
removed, is given by the equations.
Absolute volumes weight of material in kilogram’s
Specific gravity x weight of 1m3 of water
Wt of material in kgs.
S. B x 100 kg.
1 Nails Pcs Kilograms
1 cm 950 1
2 cm 815 1
4 cm 546 1
6 cm 275 1
7 cm 180 1
8 cm 127 1
10 cm 63 1
12 cm 44 1
15 cm 29 1
Glazing
3mm thick clear sheet glass
a. 1 + 10% waste.
c. Putty with leased oil
4mm thick clear sheet glass
a. 1 + 10% waste
b. Putty with leased oil
Wire mesh 1 roll = 25ml
Barbed wire 1 roll = 200 ml
Roofing nails = 1 kg = 105pcs
Roofing nails = 1pkts = 315pcs = 3kg
 Plastic washers = 1pkts = 300pcs
J-hooks for asbestos sheet (EGA Sheet) = 9 – 10pcs/sheet 16mm iron bond = 15 ml/kg.
Assumption: -
a Roof work:-
- Roofing nails = 14 pcs /C.I.S/
- Purlin = 8 cm nails
- Truss = 10 or 12 cm Nails – 20 – 35 pcs per
10 Eucalyptus truss = nails 20-25 pcs/truss
P. reservation oil = 0.2 gallon/truss
b. Ceiling work:-
- Battens = 8 cm nails - 16pe/m2
- Chip wood = 4 cm nails - 80 pcs per chip wood of –25 pecs per

m2
Area of ceiling = 192.54m2
   192.54      x 1.05 = 65 pcs of 8mm chip wood 1.25 x 2.50
c. Beams:-
4cm Nails per chip wood =65 x 80pc = 9.52kg
546 pcs
- 6 cm nails = 50 pcs 1 ml
- 12 cm nails = 6 – 8 pcs ml (stiffening)
1 gallon of paint = 4 kilograms = 4 liters
7 meters band iron = 1 kilogram
1 gallon of plant covers = 15m2
EGA sheet max length 400cm x 80.6cm
- side cover lapping 1.5 3cm Front and rear
400 – 0.20 = 380 cm
806 – 0.3 = 776 ½ cm
3.8 x 0.776 - 2.95m2
EGA sheet + 9 400 x 8.6cm Cover an area 2.95m 2
###
200 – 20
1.80 x .776
EGA 500/0.6m width -  0.63m
Length  5m
ith 5% wastage = 13 pcs/m 2
viders placed at c/c 70cm.

m of its height covered with sheet metal & dividers placed at c/c 60cm.
x30 = 12pcs/m2
h ………………………………… 5% Walling (super structure)……………………………………… 25% Roofing……………

work…………………………………12% Electrification………………………………………………….. 5%     

oing work per laborer and their wages per day should be known.
ect expenses and not productive expenses on the job. And this is about 5 - 10%

Hourly
Output
2.25m3

2.25m3

2.25m3

0.75m3

1.75m3

2.50m3

1.50m3

2.00m2

0.60m2
0.50m2
5% Roofing………………………………………………………… 20%