SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4 1

SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSIONS

Chapter 4 – Dual Command (Hi–Lo) Transmission

– Calibrations, Fault Finding, Pressure Testing And Limp Home
Procedures

CONTENTS

Section Description Page

21 000 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Calibrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Pressure Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Limp Home Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Error Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Error Code Fault Finding Flow Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Introduction With the use of micro–processors it is often that this

item is blamed for any malfunction but the real truth is
that this item is usually sound and that the fault is due
to poor contacts in the associated connectors.
The transmission electronic management system
has an inbuilt self diagnostic facility. This facility
utilises the digital display of the gear shift handle
assembly to indicate, in coded format, any
malfunction in the electrical and electronic circuitry
and in the micro–processor. It should be noted that
the self diagnostic capability is generally limited to Each connector illustrated and identified in the wiring
diagnosis of the electrical and electronic circuitry and diagrams in Section 55 and referred to in the
related components, however, there are some following fault finding procedure, has the same
codes, which can be generated if pressure switch identification reference. For example, the main
circuits are not closed because of an actual lack of transmission processor connectors are referred to
hydraulic pressure. Any malfunction of the as Connectors C100 and C101 in the illustration and
mechanical and hydraulic components must be also referred to as C100 and C101 in the fault finding
diagnosed using conventional techniques, procedure. Often in the fault finding flow chart the
performance characteristics and tooling, such as connector and pin are abbreviated and will read, for
pressure testing equipment. Full guidance for both example, C100–21. The C100 refers to the
electrical self diagnosis and conventional diagnosis connector and the 21 to the pin number.
is contained within this section. Alternatively, for connectors with fewer pins, the
identification will read, C014–FM3100–B/G/S. This
is broken down as follows:

Trouble–shooting and fault finding should always be C014 Connector number

carried out in a logical and planned sequence, many FM3100 Front Main harness, circuit number
apparent faults associated with electronic 3100
components are often hastily diagnosed and result in B/G/S Wire colour
the replacement of expensive components. An extra
few minutes confirming the apparent fault will result Reference will have to be made to the wiring chapter
in a more positive and cost effective repair. of Section 55 to correctly identify the pin in question.
604.55.061.00–01–2000
 2 SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4
Where the fault finding procedure requires checks
for continuity a visual inspection of the wiring should
be made prior to conducting tests to ensure that
obvious ‘mechanical’ damage has not occurred to
the harness or the connectors.

A good quality multi–meter is an essential item to TA60–21–014

perform fault finding. It should be capable of 1
measuring resistance of at least 20,000 ohms and
measuring voltage and current. When using the
multi–meter it is good practice to select a high range
and work downwards to avoid damaging the
instrument.

IMPORTANT: Care should be used when using the

multi–meter, only use the instrument as instructed to
avoid damage to the internal elements of the
micro–processor. When checking the continuity of
wiring, sensors or switches it is necessary to isolate
the electronic micro–processor and ensure the
keystart is turned off to prevent possible further
damage. The keystart should only be switched on
and the processor connected where specifically
instructed in the fault finding procedure.

If it is found necessary to clean the connectors a

contact spray should be used. DO NOT USE ANY
OTHER METHOD FOR CLEANING TERMINALS.
Do not use a cleaner that contains
Trichloro–ethylene, this solvent will damage the
plastic body of the connector. It is preferable to use a
cleaner with a Freon T.F. base.

604.55.061.00–01–2000
 SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4 3
CLUTCH AND SYNCHRONISER CALIBRATION

The Hi–Lo transmission has wet multi–plate clutches

that require periodic calibration to compensate for
wear. Calibration should only be necessary if a de-
terioration in gear shift quality is noted.
NOTE: During the calibration procedure the elec-
tronic management system detects precisely the
point at which the clutches start to engage . The en-
gagement is detected by a reduction in engine
speed. During calibration it is essential that no action
is taken to to cause the engine speed to vary. Be sure
that the air conditioner and all electrical equipment is 1
switched off. Do not operate the PTO or any hy-
draulic lever or move the hand or foot throttle.
There are two methods to enter the calibration mode:
(i) Through the diagnostic connector, using special
tool No. 4FT.950 and menu mode H1, or,
(ii) By depressing both Hi and Lo buttons on the shift
lever during start up.
Tractor Preparation

NOTE: The clutches should be adjusted when the

transmission oil is at a temperature of 20°C (68°F) or
over.
Park the tractor on level ground, away from ob- 2
stacles (in case of unexpected tractor movement).

Apply handbrake, switch off all electrical equipment

and air conditioning if fitted. Stop the engine and
place remote levers in neutral and lower hydraulic
equipment to the ground.

Place all the shift levers in neutral. Block the wheels,

front and rear.

Either, (i) Install tool 4FT.950 into the diagnostic plug 3

and select H1 by depressing the diagnostic switch
once or (ii) press and hold both the Hi and Lo buttons
and start the engine.

‘‘CAL‘ will appear in the transmission display,

(release Hi and Lo buttons).

Set engine speed to 1200 ERPM ±100.

Select forward, first gear, high range (C) and release

the clutch.

The transmission is now ready for calibration. 4

604.55.061.00–01–2000
 4 SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4
Press and hold upshift button to calibrate clutch Hi.

If the start up procedure was incorrect a ‘‘U” code will

appear. See ‘Error Codes’.

After a few seconds the displayed Hi is replaced by a

number which increases during calibration.

Hold the upshift button until the engine speed

decreases by 50 RPM and the number stops
increasing.

Press the down shift button to calibrate the Lo clutch

in the same manner as the Hi clutch.

Synchroniser Calibration 7

To calibrate the synchroniser, at any stage after initial

tractor preparation, press both the Hi and Lo buttons
and hold.

‘‘SOC” appears during calibration.

‘‘END” displays to signify completion.

8
604.55.061.00–01–2000
 SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4 5
PRESSURE TESTING
Transmission Clutches A and B

1. Prepare the tractor for pressure testing:

TA6021012
(i) Remove the instrument console side covers, lift
and remove cab rubber mat and remove the floor 2
pan.

(iii)Ensure the handbrake is fully applied and wheels

chocked.

(iv)Disconnect a range switch connector and install

Special Tool 4FT.951 (bypass connector) into the
harness, (1) Figure 2.

(v) Start and run the tractor to warm the transmission

3
oil to a minimum temperature of 50°C (122°F).

2. Install suitable pressure gauges, (0–40 bar,

0–600 lbf.in2), Figure 3,
1. Pressure gauge, FT8503A, with adaptor
FT8503–8
2. Adaptor, NH.35–102 (10–1.00mm x 7/16
JIC)
3. Hose, (Finis Code 3936707)

B
Into clutch A and B pressure test points. Figure 4.
A

TA6021011

4
604.55.061.00–01–2000
6 SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4
3. Start the engine, engage 1st GEAR, and shuttle
to FORWARD, leaving the RANGE IN
NEUTRAL. Increase engine speed to approx
1200 rev/min.

4. Using the Hi–Lo buttons on the main shift lever,

switch between Hi and lo drive and observe the
gauges. TA6021005
5

Each clutch should obtain 16–18 bar (235–261 lbf.in)

maximum pressure, when fully engaged and zero
pressure when disengaged.

TA6021007
6

During the swapping of clutches there is an overlap

period where both clutches have approximately 5 bar
(75 lbf.in) at the crossover point.

When the clutch pedal is depressed a gradual

reducing of pressure should be seen and when the
clutch pedal switch has operated, zero pressure
should be indicated on the gauge. When releasing
the clutch the opposite of disengaging should be
seen with a gradual and smooth increase of pressure
up to maximum pressure.

8
604.55.061.00–01–2000
 SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4 7
Shuttle Synchroniser Operating Piston
Pressure Testing

R F

NOTE: Due to the operating characteristics of the

synchroniser it is not possible to accurately pressure
test the synchroniser operating piston during normal
tractor operation. The synchroniser will only take the
required pressure to move and then the pressure will
be cut. This would be seen only as a momentary blip
on a pressure gauge. Therefore the following
procedure, using the calibration mode, should be
used to determine if full pressure is being achieved. TA6021010
9

1. Prepare the tractor as described for testing the A

and B clutches.

NOTE: If only pressure testing the synchroniser

piston it is not necessary to install the range switch
bypass connector, tool number 4FT.951.

2. Install the pressure gauges, adaptors and hoses

into the test points located in the top cover,
Figure 9.

3. Enter the calibration mode for the synchroniser:–

(i) Press and hold engaged, both the Hi–Lo shift 10

buttons on the main lever. With the buttons
depressed start the engine.

(ii) ‘CAL’ will be displayed on the instrument panel.

Release the buttons.
Pressures
Stage Forward (F) Reverse (R)
1 NO NO
(iii)Press and hold in both the Hi–Lo shift buttons
again. After a few seconds ‘SOC’ will be
displayed and the synchroniser calibration will 2 NO YES
commence.
3 B CLUTCH PRESSURISED

4 NO NO

The table (Figure 11) shows the synchroniser 5 YES NO

calibration stages and at what stage pressure can be
expected to be seen.
11
604.55.061.00–01–2000
 8 SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4
LIMP HOME
1

WARNING
Care should be taken when operating the tractor
with the limp home harness connected. Clutch
engagement will be harsher than normal. Do not
leave the limp home harness connected when the
operation has been completed. 2

In the unlikely event of an electrical fault developing

within the transmission that renders the tractor im-
mobile, for example, failure of the supply voltage to 12
the PWM valves, the emergency ‘Limp Home Har-
ness’, Special Tool No. NH.21–100 for Power/
Range/Dual Command transmissions, is available to
enable the tractor to be driven onto a transporter or
hard standing, in order that the repair can be carried
out in a suitable location. The Limp Home device is
not and must not be used as a means to continue
operating the tractor in its work environment.

To engage and operate the ‘Limp Home Harness’

proceed as follows:–

1. Apply the parking brake.

2. Stop the engine and turn keystart off. 13

3. Remove the electronic draft control panel.

4. Locate and disconnect the rear main harness

access connector, Figure 13, enabling the
connection of the limp home harness connector,
marked with ‘HARNESS’, Figure 12, into the rear
main harness of the tractor, Figure 15.

5. Connect the other connector of the Limp Home

harness Figure 12, marked ‘DIAGNOSTIC’, to the
‘BLACK’ diagnostic plug, Figure 15.

6. Start the vehicle. 14

7. Select forward or reverse using the switch, (2)

Figure 12, on the Limp home harness control box.

8. Operate the momentary switch, (1) Figure 12, of

the Limp Home Harness to move the vehicle. If
necessary, depress the foot throttle to increase
engine speed.

9. When the tractor has been delivered to the repair

area, disconnect the Limp Home Harness and
reconnect the limp home access connector of the
rear main harness and proceed with diagnosing
and repairing the fault.
15
604.55.061.00–01–2000
 SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4 9
ERROR CODES –DUAL COMMAND
ERROR DISPLAY LOGIC

1. Errors are displayed on the right hand liquid

crystal display of the AIEC panel or the centre
display of EIC panels and are prefixed with an
‘‘E”.

2. Error codes always flash.

3. There are four types of errors: Disabling, “N”,

“CP”, and Hidden.

4. Disabling errors disable the transmission perma-

nently (until the next power-up). 1
5. Disabling and hidden errors are accompanied by
a steady alarm for 5 seconds. After 5 seconds,
the error code continues flashing on the LCD, but
the alarm stops. If the error clears during the 5
second period, the alarm will stop when the error
clears, and the LCD will return to normal display.
6. If there are multiple disabling or hidden errors to
display, they will be displayed sequentially.
Example, for codes E11, E17 and E21:
LCD: | E11------ |E17------ | E21------ | E11 | E17
| E21 |
Time: | 5 sec | 1 s | 5 sec | 1 s | 5 sec | 1s | 5 sec
| 5 sec | 5 sec | 5 sec | etc...
Alarm: |steady |off|steady |off|steady |off|
off-------------------------------------- 2
NOTE: The display sequence may not always start
with the lowest error number, and the errors may not
be displayed in numerical order at first. There is
some “randomness” depending on the exact timing
and sequence of events.
7. “N” and “CP” errors are accompanied by a pulse
alarm and require action from the driver. The
alarm will continue and the transmission is dis-
abled until the driver takes action.
“CP” can be cleared by cycling the clutch pedal.
In some cases, “CP” can also be cleared by cycl-
ing the shuttle lever.
“N” can be cleared by shifting the shuttle lever to
neutral. 3

604.55.061.00–01–2000
10 SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4
“N” and “CP can result from improper action by
the driver, or they can result from faults in the
system which require action from the driver to re-
start operation.
8. Normal error display mode:
If there are any disabling errors, only disabling er-
rors will be displayed.
If there are no disabling errors and at least one
“N” error is active, “N” will flash.
If there are no disabling errors and no “N” errors,
and at least one “CP” error is active, “CP” will
flash.
Hidden errors will not be displayed. 4
9. Hd in the diagnostic menu will enable “display all
errors” mode. Also, a new module (or an old
module after the memory has been reset using
H8) will automatically be in “display all errors”
mode until there are no errors to display for 6
minutes. The six minutes must be during one
power-on cycle, i.e. turning off the key switch
zeros the timer.

5
If there are any disabling errors. ALL errors will
be displayed sequentially. “N” and “CP” will not
be displayed; instead, the error codes asso-
ciated with the “N” or “CP” fault will be displayed.
If there are no disabling errors and there is at
least one “N” error, the first “N” error will be dis-
played. The display will alternate at one second
each between “N” (to tell the driver what to do)
and the associated error code (to assist with
trouble shooting).

6
If there are no disabling errors or “N” errors, and
there is at least one “CP” error, the first “CP” error
will be displayed. The display will alternate at one
second each between “CP” (to tell the driver what
to do) and the associated error code (to assist
with trouble shooting).
If there are no disabling errors, “N” errors, or “CP”
errors, any hidden errors will be displayed se-
quentially.

7
604.55.061.00–01–2000
 SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4 11
A new module, or an old module after the mem-
ory has been reset using H8, will automatically be
in ”display all errors” mode until there are no er-
rors to display for 6 minutes. The six minutes
must be during one power-on cycle, i.e. turning
off the key switch zeros the timer. After six min-
utes with no errors, the module switches auto-
matically to normal error display mode, and all
stored error codes are erased.

604.55.061.00–01–2000
12 SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4
Error Code Listing

ERROR TRANS.
ERROR DESCRIPTION PRIORITY DISPLAY MODE
CODE STATUS

E21 Chassis harness disconnected 1 Disable Latched

E34 Fuse 14 Blown 2 Disable Latched
E36 Dump solenoid open circuit 3 Enabled Latched
E32 Clutch hydraulic pressure detected 4 Disable Latched
E53 5 volt reference failed, shorted to 12 volts 5 Disable Latched
E54 5 volt reference failed short to ground 6 Disable Latched
E12 Clutch pedal potentiometer signal too high 7 Disable Latched
E11 Clutch pedal potentiometer signal too low 8 Enabled Latched
E61 Synchroniser potentiometer signal too high 9 Disable Latched
E62 Synchroniser potentiometer signal too low 10 Disable Latched
E46 Fuse 21 blown 11 Enabled Latched
E33 Clutch pressure switch, open or short circuit 12 Enabled Latched
E39 High clutch solenoid open circuit 13 Enabled Latched
E38 High clutch solenoid short circuit 14 Enabled Latched
E41 Low clutch solenoid open circuit 15 Enabled Latched
E40 Low clutch solenoid short circuit 16 Enabled Latched
E66 Reverse solenoid open circuit 17 Enabled Latched
E68 Reverse solenoid short circuit 18 Enabled Latched
E65 High solenoid open circuit 19 Enabled Latched
E67 High solenoid short circuit 20 Enabled Latched
E37 Clutch disconnect switch open circuit 21 Enabled Latched
E24 Synchroniser not calibrated 22 Enabled Latched
E70 Unable to initialise synchroniser during start–up 23 Enabled Latched
E47 Clutch disconnect switch misadjusted high 24 Enabled Latched
E48 Clutch disconnect switch short circuit/misadjusted 25 Enabled Latched
E51 Transmission temperature sensor open circuit 26 Enabled Latched
E52 Transmission temperature sensor short circuit 27 Enabled Latched
E24 Both clutches not calibrated 28 Enabled Latched
E64 Synchroniser failed to engage reverse 29 Enabled Latched
E63 Synchroniser failed to engage high 30 Enabled Latched
E59 Forward/neutral/reverse switch disagreement 31 Enabled Latched
CP Depress clutch pedal to enable transmission 32 Disable Latched
EHi Hi clutch not calibrated 33 Enabled Latched
ELo Lo clutch not calibrated 34 Enabled Latched
E55 Forward switch failed to +8V or +12V 35 Enabled Latched

604.55.061.00–01–2000
 SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4 13

ERROR TRANS.
ERROR DESCRIPTION PRIORITY DISPLAY MODE
CODE STATUS
E56 Forward switch failed to earth or open circuit 36 Enabled Latched
E57 Reverse switch failed to +8V or +12V 37 Enabled Latched
E58 Reverse switch failed to earth or open circuit 38 Enabled Latched
E13 Up and downshift switches both on 39 Enabled Temporary
E49 Wheel speed sensor circuit open or short circuit 40 Enabled Temporary
E26 ERPM speed too high 41 Enabled Temporary
E27 ERPM speed too low 42 Enabled Temporary

Clutch Spring Pressure Calibration Error Codes

ERROR
CODE ERROR DESCRIPTION

U20 Correct start up procedure not used

U21 Engine rev/min too low
U22 Engine rev/min too high
U23 Forward/reverse shuttle lever not in forward
U24 Main shift lever is not in gear
U25 Range lever not in gear
U26 Clutch pedal not fully released
U27 Hi Clutch calibration is too low
U28 Hi Clutch calibration is too high
U29 Lo Clutch calibration is too low
U30 Lo Clutch calibration is too high
U31 Wheel motion detected during calibration
U37 Synchroniser shuttle mode calibration
U38 Synchroniser Hi–Lo mode calibration

604.55.061.00–01–2000
14 SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4

ERROR CODE
E21 – CHASSIS HARNESS DISCONNECTED
EFFECT – Transmission disabled

Inspect main harness connectors

ERROR CODE
E24 – SYNCHRONISER AND CLUTCHES NOT CALIBRATED
EFFECT – Transmission disabled

Has a new processor been installed or

Perform calibration
H8 used without performing calibration
procedures
after installation?

Calibration values have corrupted in

processor. Attempt calibration. If error
occurs again replace processor.

ERROR CODES;
E11 – CLUTCH PEDAL POTENTIOMETER SIGNAL TOO LOW
E12 – CLUTCH PEDAL POTENTIOMETER SIGNAL TOO HIGH
EFFECTS – Transmission disabled
Wiggle test potentiometer
Using Diagnostic ‘H’ menu, select H9, Channel 0, wiring whilst in H9, Channel
(clutch pedal position mode). Is the clutch operaion 0. If readings become
within the typical values of 91 released and 26 erratic trace and repair fault
depressed? in wiring. If no fault evident
install new processor.

Disconnect potentiometer. Check operation using

suitable multi–meter. Is potentiometer O.K.? Replace potentiometer

Check for short to earth or Check for short to +12V

open circuit between or +8V between
C077–CM7430–Y/R/B C077–CM7430–Y/R/B
and C128–19 (E11) and C128–19 (E12)

604.55.061.00–01–2000
 SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4 15
ERROR CODE
E13 – UP AND DOWNSHIFT SWITCHES BOTH ON
EFFECTS – No shift triggered

Operator error – Tractor functioning

Both switches pressed together? normally

Wiggle test switch wiring

Use Diagnostic menu mode H5, are switches
whilst in H5 mode. If
functioning correctly?
readings become erratic
trace and repair fault in
wiring. If no fault evident
install new processor.

Disconnect switch connector from harness.

Check operation of switches using a suitable multi–meter. Replace switch
Is a switch fault indicated?

Check for a short circuit in harness wiring. Disconnect

C128 from processor and check between C128–24 and
C128–5 for a short circuit or a short to +12V on either
C128–24 or C128–5.

ERROR CODE
E26 – ERPM TOO HIGH
EFFECTS – Poor shift quality and possibly unable to perform calibration

Has engine exceeded 3,500 rev/min for three seconds Tractor functioning
or longer? normally

Check output from alternator. Is approximately 7 volts Replace/repair

measured at alternator speed output terminal? alternator

Inspect wiring from alternator through to C128–34

for intermittent open/short circuit repair as
necessary.

604.55.061.00–01–2000
16 SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4
ERROR CODE
E27 – ERPM TOO LOW
EFFECTS – Poor shift quality and possibly unable to perform calibration

Has engine operated at less than 500 rev/min for Tractor functioning
longer than three seconds? normally

Is the alternator drive belt broken? Replace or refit drive belt

Check output from alternator.

Is approximately 7 volts measured at Alternator faulty.
speed output terminal? Repair/replace as required

Inspect wiring from alternator through to C128–34

for a short to earth or +12V or open circuit.
Repair as necessary.

604.55.061.00–01–2000
 SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4 17
ERROR CODE
E32 – CLUTCH HYDRAULIC PRESSURE DETECTED WHEN NOT COMMANDED
(SHUTTLE LEVER IN NEUTRAL)
EFFECTS – Transmission disabled
Pressure test clutches A & B to determine area of
fault.

Remove PWM solenoid valve assembly Tractor OK. Discard old

affected. Inspect and clean/replace. PWM if replaced.
Is the error cleared?

With the cab floor removed and engine

running, shuttle lever in neutral.
Possible top cover fault
WARNING: Ensure wheels are chocked
allowing hydraulic oil to
and handbrake applied. clutch
Is voltage indicated at the PWM solenoid,
C161 or C162?

Replace processor with one of known

performance

ERROR CODE
E33 – CLUTCH PRESSURE SWITCH OPEN/SHORT CIRCUIT
EFFECTS – Disables the dump logic software and also displays E32. Transmission remains
operative.

Remove pressure switches from transmission top Replace faulty

cover and check operation. Are switches functioning switch
correctly?

Disconnect processor connectors. Check

wiring between C128–4 (7900–TQ/K/B) and
switch connectors, C159 and C160, for
open/short circuit repair/replace wiring as
necessary.

604.55.061.00–01–2000
18 SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4
ERROR CODE
E34 – FUSE 14 BLOWN
EFFECTS – Transmission disabled.

Replace with correctly rated

Inspect Fuse 14, has fuse failed? fuse. Operate tractor, does Tractor
fuse fail again? Okay.

Disconnect Connector C127. Is

+12V available at pins 34 and 35, Substitute processor
with keystart ON?

Check continuity of wiring

from Fuse 14 to C127–34
and C127–35. Trace and
repair open circuit in wiring
as necessary.

ERROR CODE
E36 – DUMP SOLENOID OPEN CIRCUIT
EFFECTS – No effect during normal driving. No dump facility available though if pressure is
sensed in both A and B clutches.

With the cab floor removed, disconnect connector

C163 to the dump solenoid. With a suitable Replace solenoid
multi–meter check the solenoid for open/short circuit.
Is a solenoid fault indicated?

Disconnect processor connectors. Check for

short to ground (earth) or an open circuit
between C127–10 and the solenoid harness
side connector, C163. Repair/replace wiring as
necessary.

C019–27 C163
C123–13
1 2
C127–10
RM–7003–U/G/B RM–7003–U/G/B
(Y25)

604.55.061.00–01–2000
 SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4 19
ERROR CODE
E37 – CLUTCH PEDAL SWITCH OPEN CIRCUIT
EFFECTS – Transmission disabled.

Is the clutch pedal switch adjusted correctly. Adjust switch

Using Diagnostic Menu Mode H5 (switch Wiggle test the

diagnostics), operate clutch, is switch wiring while in H5
functioning correctly? mode. Listen for
intermittent fault.
Wiggle test the wiring while in H5 mode. Is
contact made indicating switch okay?

Disconnect the clutch pedal switch, connector

Replace switch
C076. Using a suitable multi–meter, is the
and adjust
switch functioning OK?

Disconnect processor connectors and check

for an open circuit between C127–30 and the
neutral switch (shuttle lever), C075–4 Repair/replace
(7420–Y/P/B). Is an open circuit indicated? wiring as
NOTE: Clutch pedal switch must be connected necessary
and pedal released.

Clutch pedal switch may still be

at fault, performing sluggishly,
especially in cold weather.
Replace switch.

604.55.061.00–01–2000
20 SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4
ERROR CODES;
E38 – CLUTCH ‘B’ SOLENOID (HIGH/REVERSE) SHORT CIRCUIT
E39 – CLUTCH ‘B’ SOLENOID OPEN CIRCUIT
EFFECTS – Transmission disabled.
With the cab floor removed, disconnect connector
C162 to Clutch B (Y24). With a suitable multi–meter Replace solenoid
check the solenoid for open/short circuit. Is a solenoid
fault indicated?

Disconnect processor connectors. Check for

short to ground (earth) or an open circuit
between C127–17 and C127–12 and the
solenoid harness side connector, C162.
Repair/replace wiring as necessary.

ERROR CODES;
E40 – CLUTCH ‘A’ (LOW) SOLENOID SHORT CIRCUIT
E41 – CLUTCH ‘A’ SOLENOID OPEN CIRCUIT
EFFECTS – Transmission disabled.
With the cab floor removed, disconnect connector
C161 to Clutch A (Y23). With a suitable multi–meter Replace solenoid
check the solenoid for open/short circuit. Is a solenoid
fault indicated?

Disconnect processor connectors. Check for

short to ground (earth) or an open circuit
between C127–18 and C127–26 and the
solenoid harness side connector, C161.
Repair/replace wiring as necessary.

604.55.061.00–01–2000
 SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4 21
ERROR CODE
E46 – FUSE 21 OPEN CIRCUIT
EFFECTS – Transmission disabled

Replace with correctly rated

Inspect Fuse 21, has fuse failed? fuse. Operate tractor, does Tractor
fuse fail again? Okay.

Disconnect Connector C128. Is

+12V available at pin 6, with Substitute processor
keystart ON?

Check continuity of wiring

from Fuse 21 to C128–6
(2050–G). Trace and repair
open circuit in wiring as
necessary.

ERROR CODE
E47 – CLUTCH PEDAL SWITCH SET TOO HIGH
EFFECTS – Inching jerky and high pedal position

Is the clutch pedal switch

adjusted correctly? Adjust switch

Possible failed switch or open circuit

Is Error Code E37 displayed when
between neutral switch, C075–4
pedal is released?
(7420A–Y/P/B) and C127–30. See
Error E37.
Switch possibly sluggish,
particularly in cold weather.
Replace switch and adjust.

604.55.061.00–01–2000
22 SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4
ERROR CODE
E48 – CLUTCH PEDAL SWITCH SET TOO LOW
EFFECTS – Tractor performs normally but clutch pedal will not cut off power to clutch
solenoids.
Is the clutch pedal switch adjusted
Adjust switch
correctly.

Disconnect switch from harness.

Using a suitable multi–meter, does the switch Replace switch
function OK?

With the ignition on, and switch disconnected,

is +12V indicated at switch harness Trace and repair short
connector, C076–3 (7050–R/G/B)? circuit in wiring

Possible fault with processor, substitute

with one with known performance.

ERROR CODE
E49 – WHEEL SPEED SENSOR SHORT OR OPEN CIRCUIT
EFFECTS – Shift quality generally poor

Enter Diagnosic Menu Mode H9 (voltmeter), Wiggle test wiring for

Channel 20. Is a value of 64±5% displayed? possible intermittent fault

Disconnect processor connector, C128 and C127

and disconnect the wheel speed sender connector. Trace and
Test the wiring between C127–6 and wheel speed repair/replace
connector, C046–RM5135–TQ wiring
Is a short or open circuit indicated.

With the sender installed, check for a short to

Replace sender if either
earth on each sender terminal or for an open
condition is indicated.
circuit of the sender. Is a fault indicated?

Replace processor

604.55.061.00–01–2000
 SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4 23
ERROR CODES;
E51 – TEMPERATURE SENDER OPEN CIRCUIT
E52 – TEMPERATURE SENDER SHORT CIRCUIT
EFFECTS – Slow shifting and clutch pedal higher than normal during inching.

Warm or cool oil

Is the oil temperature below –30_C, E51 or above
to remove error
130_C, E52?
code

Using diagnostic Menu Mode H9, Channel 2, with the Wiggle test wiring for
oil at approximately 40°C, is a value of 75 displayed? possible intermittent fault

Remove the cab floor. Disconnect the temperature

sender connector. Using a multi–meter on the sender, Replace sender
is an open or short circuit indicated?

Disconnect processor connectors and

check between sender harness Trace fault and repair/replace
connector and C128–18 for open/short wiring as required.
circuit. Is a fault indicated?

Possible processor fault.

Replace processor.

ERROR CODES;
E53 – 5 VOLT REFERENCE FAILED HIGH (SHORT TO (+8V or +12V)
E54 – 5 VOLT REFERENCE FAILED LOW (SHORT TO EARTH)
EFFECTS – Transmission disabled.
Short to +8V or +12V (E53) or short to ground (E54)
between +5V processor output terminal, C127–5
(5020–LN) and one of the following components: Repair/replace
D Clutch pedal potentiometer wiring as
D Synchroniser potentiometer required
D Forward/reverse switches
Inspect harness from each component.
Is a fault indicated?

Fault may be in the electrical components of

the hydraulics. Repair as detailed in
Refer to hydraulic section. Hydraulic Section
Is a fault found in Hydraulic Electrics?

Substitute
processor for one
of known
performance

604.55.061.00–01–2000
24 SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4
ERROR CODES;
E61 – SYNCHRO POTENTIOMETER SIGNAL TOO HIGH
E62 – SYNCHRO POTENTIOMETER SIGNAL TOO LOW
EFFECTS – The synchroniser is disabled
Remove floor pan and disconnect synchroniser
potentiometer connector.
Using a suitable multi–meter, is either a short to Trace and repair
+12V/+8V or to earth indicated between fault in wiring
potentiometer harness connector (7960–P/K/B) and
processor connector C128–17?

Check potentiometer operation. Replace

Is a short circuit indicated? potentiometer

Substitute
processor with one
of known
performance.

ERROR CODES;
E63 – SYNCHRONISER NOT FULLY ENGAGING HI–LO (FORWARD) POSITION
E64 – SYNCHRONISER NOT FULLY ENGAGING SHUTTLE (REVERSE) POSITION
EFFECTS – If the previously engaged mode can be reselected, the error is cleared and the
shift can be re–attempted. If synchroniser cannot be engaged only lo–forward drive will be
possible.

Remove the floor pan. Is the potentiometer Repair or replace

linkage OK? as required

Disconnect linkage to potentiometer.

Enter menu mode H9, Channel 27. Replace
Turn potentiometer manually and observe cluster display. potentiometer
Is the potentiometer functioning correctly?

Suspect a faulty PWM

Pressure test the synchroniser operating piston.
solenoid valve.
Is the pressure approximately 16 bar when actuated?
Clean/replace and retest

Suspect mechanical fault within transmission.

Possible synchroniser failure or sticking piston.
Remove top cover and inspect.

604.55.061.00–01–2000
 SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4 25
ERROR CODES;
E65 – HI/LO (FORWARD DRIVE) SOLENOID OPEN CIRCUIT
E66 – SHUTTLE (REVERSE DRIVE) SOLENOID OPEN CIRCUIT
EFFECTS – Transmission disabled.

Remove floor pan and disconnect affected solenoid.

Test across solenoid terminals with a suitable Replace solenoid
multi–meter. Is an open circuit indicated?

Disconnect processor connectors.

Test for an open circuit between C127–11 and
C157–RM8030–LG, and between C127–36
and C157–RM8035–P/LG/S, for E65.
Test for an open circuit between C127–13 and
C156–RM8045–P/LN/S, for E66.
Trace fault and repair/replace wiring as
required.

ERROR CODES;
E67 – HI–LO (FORWARD) SOLENOID SHORT CIRCUIT
E68 – SHUTTLE (REVERSE) SOLENOID SHORT CIRCUIT
EFFECTS – Transmission disabled.

Remove floor pan and disconnect affected solenoid.

Test across solenoid terminals and from each terminal Replace solenoid
to earth with a suitable multi–meter.
Is a short circuit indicated?

Disconnect processor connectors.

Test for a short circuit between C127–11 and
C157–RM8030–LG, and between C127–36
and C157–RM8035–P/LG/S, for E67.
Test for a short circuit between C127–13 and
C156–RM8045–P/LN/S, and between
C127–14 and C156–RM8040–LG, for E68.
Trace short in harness and repair/replace
wiring as required.

604.55.061.00–01–2000
26 SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4
ERROR CODE
CP – GEAR SELECTED WITHOUT CLUTCH PEDAL DEPRESSED
EFFECTS – Transmission disabled.

Cycle the clutch pedal or shuttle lever to clear error

code.

ERROR CODE
EHI – CLUTCH B NOT CALIBRATED
EFFECTS – Transmission disabled

Was clutch ‘B’ calibrated after a change of processor

or after using H8 (memory clear) mode?

Perform calibration Replace processor with

to clear error code one of known performance

ERROR CODE
EL0 – CLUTCH A NOT CALIBRATED
EFFECTS – Transmission disabled

Was clutch ‘A’ calibrated after a change of processor

or after using H8 (memory clear) mode?

Perform calibration Processor possibly

to clear error code corrupted. Replace with
one of known performance

ERROR CODE
E70 – UNABLE TO INITIALISE SYNCHRONISER DURING START UP PROCEDURE
EFFECTS – Transmission operable in ‘Low Forward’ only.

Remove floor pan. Repair linkage

Is linkage to synchroniser potentiometer OK?

Disconnect linkage to potentiometer.

Enter menu mode H9, channel 27, and Replace potentiometer
manually operate potentiometer.
Is the potentiometer functioning correctly?

Suspect fault within transmission.

Remove top cover. Inspect synchroniser and
operating piston.

604.55.061.00–01–2000
 SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4 27
ERROR CODES;
E55 – FORWARD SWITCH FAILED TO +8V OR +12V
E56 – FORWARD SWITCH FAILED TO EARTH OR OPEN CIRCUIT
EFFECTS – Transmission enabled

Using diagnostic Menu Mode H5 (switch Suspect intermittent fault. Wiggle

diagnostics), operate forward switch, is test wiring from the forward switch
switch functioning okay? to the processor.

Disconnect FNR switch connector C075. From

C075–2 (7250–S/R/B), with the ignition ‘ON’, Trace and repair
is +8V or +12V indicated (E55) or, fault in wiring
with the ignition ‘OFF’, is a short to earth indicated
(E56)?

With the Keystart OFF, disconnect processor

connector, C128. Check for an open circuit Trace and repair
between C128–20 and C075–2 (7250–S/R/B), fault in wiring
Is an open circuit indicated?

Substitute FNR switch assembly for one of

known performance.

604.55.061.00–01–2000
28 SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4
ERROR CODES;
E57 – REVERSE SWITCH FAILED TO +8V OR +12v
E58 – REVERSE SWITCH FAILED TO EARTH OR OPEN CIRCUIT
EFFECTS – Transmission enabled

Using diagnostic Menu Mode H5 (switch Suspect intermittent fault. Wiggle

diagnostics), operate reverse switch, is test wiring from the reverse switch
switch functioning okay? to the processor.

Disconnect FNR switch connector, C075. From

C075–3 (7260–S/U/B), with the ignition ‘ON’. is +8V or
+12V indicated (E57) or, Trace and repair
with the ignition ‘OFF’, is a short to earth indicated fault in wiring
(E58)?

Disconnect processor connector C128.

Check for an open circuit between C128–7 Trace and repair
and C075–3 (7260–S/U/B). fault in wiring
Is an open circuit indicated?

Substitute FNR switch assembly for one of

known performance.

604.55.061.00–01–2000
 SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4 29
ERROR CODE
E59 – FORWARD/NEUTRAL/REVERSE SWITCH
DISAGREEMENT (MORE THAN ONE SWITCH OR NO SWITCHES APPLIED)
EFFECTS – Transmission enabled

Using diagnostic Menu Mode H5 (switch Suspect intermittent fault. Wiggle

diagnostics), operate shutttle lever, are test wiring from the shuttle lever
switches functioning okay? switch to the processor.

Disconnect shuttle switch assembly connector, C075

and processor connector, C128. Trace and repair
Is an open circuit indicated between C075–4 fault in wiring
(7420A–Y/P/B) and C128–27?

Clean/replace the switch assembly

604.55.061.00–01–2000
30 SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4
CLUTCH CALIBRATION ERROR CODES

U20 – CORRECT START UP PROCEDURE WAS NOT USED

Depress and release clutch pedal and proceed

with clutch calibration

U21 – ENGINE REV/MIN TOO LOW

Adjust to 1200 rev/min " 100 rev/min

U22 – ENGINE REV/MIN TOO HIGH

Adjust to 1200 rev/min " 100 rev/min

U23 – FORWARD/REVERSE SHUTTLE LEVER IS NOT IN FORWARD

Position lever into forward mode

U24 – MAIN SHIFT LEVER IS NOT IN GEAR

Position main range lever into 1st gear

U25 – RANGE LEVER NOT IN GEAR

Position range lever into high range

U26 – CLUTCH PEDAL NOT FULLY RELEASED

Release clutch pedal and/or check pedal

operation

604.55.061.00–01–2000
 SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4 31

U27 – HI (B) CLUTCH CALIBRATION IS TOO LOW

(ENGINE REV/MIN DROPPED TOO SOON)

Check PWM valve for sticking or dirt ingress.

Clean or replace valve.

If PWM is not faulty, suspect mechanical fault

within Clutch ‘B’ assembly.

U28 – HI (B) CLUTCH CALIBRATION IS TOO HIGH. (MAX. ALLOWED CALIBRATION

VALUE EXCEEDED WITHOUT DROPPING ENGINE REV/MIN.)

Check PWM valve for sticking or dirt ingress

Check hydraulic pressure in Clutch ‘B’

If hydraulics OK, suspect mechanical failure,

possibly synchroniser fault not connecting
transmission to engine.

U29 – LO (A) CLUTCH CALIBRATION IS TOO LOW

(ENGINE REV/MIN DROPPED TOO SOON)

Check PWM valve for sticking or dirt ingress.

Clean or replace valve.

If PWM is not faulty, suspect mechanical fault

within Clutch ‘A’ assembly.

U30 – LO (A) CLUTCH CALIBRATION IS TOO HIGH. (MAX. ALLOWED CALIBRATION

VALUE REACHED WITHOUT DROPPING ENGINE REV/MIN.)

Check PWM valve for sticking or dirt ingress

Check hydraulic pressure in Clutch ‘A’

If hydraulics OK, suspect mechanical failure,

possibly synchroniser fault not connecting
transmission to engine.
604.55.061.00–01–2000
32 SECTION 21 – TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS – CHAPTER 4

U31 – WHEEL MOTION DETECTED DURING CALIBRATION

Ensure handbrake is fully applied and that
high range is selected.

Was calibration too low causing wheel

movement prior to lugging engine.

Mechanical fault within transmission.

Gear movement without wheel movement.

U37 – SYNCHRONISER SHUTTLE (REVERSE) MODE CALIBRATION

Synchroniser potentiometer feedback outside

limits

Check potentiometer linkage and

potentiometer operation

U38 – SYNCHRONISER HI–LO (FORWARD) MODE CALIBRATION

Synchroniser potentiometer feedback outside

limits

Check potentiometer linkage and

potentiometer operation.

604.55.061.00–01–2000