1

Schools Division of Olongapo

REGIONAL SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL III
East Kalayaan, Subic Bay Freeport Zone Olongapo
City (Tel.: 252-1117, Fax: 252-6046) Email Add:
rshs3sbma@yahoo.com.ph

Hy-Pump: An Improvised Hybrid Floodwater Pump

Katherina Lei M. Castillo, Janelle Kim Z. Tamayo,

Eliza Joyce G. Flores, and Lorraine G. Aglibot

Regional Science High School III

Research IV

Jovilyn C. Arevalo

July 04, 2021

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Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
REGION III-CENTRAL LUZON
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF OLONGAPO CITY
REGIONAL SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL-III
EAST KALAYAAN HEIGHTS, SUBIC BAY FREEPORT ZONE

APPROVAL SHEET

The study entitled Hy-Pump: An Improvised Hybrid Floodwater Pump

Prepared and Submitted by:

Katherina Lei M. Castillo, Janelle Kim Z. Tamayo,

Eliza Joyce G. Flores, and Lorraine G. Aglibot

in partial fulfilment of the requirements in RESEARCH IV is hereby APPROVED by the

Panel of Oral Examiners this 16-18 June 2021.

Roderick A. Tadeo,PhD

CHAIRMAN

Arjay S. Daplas Adrienne Nicole Maldupana

Member Member

Eleazer T. Arzadon Baby Rose O. Aspiras

Member Member

Mark Anthony C. Pasubillo Jeannie J. Layacan, EdD

Member Member

Address: East Kalayaan Heights, Subic Bay Freeport Zone

Telephone No.: (047) 252-1117/252-6046
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TABLE OF CONTENT

Page

INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................5

The Problem and its Background..................................................................................5

Statement of the Problem..............................................................................................9

Hypothesis...................................................................................................................10

Research Paradigm......................................................................................................10

Significance of the Study.............................................................................................11

Scope and Limitations.................................................................................................11

Definition of Terms.....................................................................................................12

MATERIALS AND METHODS..........................................................................................15

Research Method.........................................................................................................15

Gathering of Materials.................................................................................................15

Research Design..........................................................................................................16

Schematic Sketch of the Device..................................................................................16

Preparation of Materials..............................................................................................18

Respondents and Sampling Technique........................................................................19

Research Tool..............................................................................................................19

Data Gathering Procedure...........................................................................................20

Statistical Treatment of Data.......................................................................................20

Risk and Safety............................................................................................................21

Methodology Flowchart..............................................................................................21

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION............................................................................................22

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CONCLUSION......................................................................................................................25

RECOMMENDATIONS......................................................................................................26

REFERENCES......................................................................................................................27

APPENDICES.......................................................................................................................29
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Hy-Pump: An Improvised Hybrid Floodwater Pump

The Problem and Its Background

The Philippines is experiencing extreme flooding in lowland areas because it is located

near the equator. According to Time Magazine, it is the most exposed country to tropical storms

in the world since it is visited by at least 20 typhoons annually. According to a Time Magazine

article 2013, many tropical cyclones are classified to be destructive, thus, many towns and cities,

especially in lowland areas experience flooding every year. This flooding causes many casualties

and injured people. Sometimes, worse situations happen like flash floods that affect the living of

people near the bodies of water.

Olongapo City is one of the places that has been largely affected by extreme flooding. In

2013, Olongapo experienced a violent tropical cyclone by Typhoon Usagi also known locally as

Typhoon Odette. It is the strongest cyclone in the year 2013. There were uprooted trees,

devastating damage to drainage systems, and homes are destroyed. The power lines were

damaged resulting in many areas without electricity and the water distribution pipes are also

damaged.

According to National Geographic (n.d.), typhoons are intense areas of low atmospheric

pressure. Since the Philippines is a tropical country, typhoons are most likely to hit the country.

Because of this, Filipinos are always looking out for typhoons, especially between May and

October. The raging typhoons can severely damage buildings, infrastructures, forests, and even a

life of a person.

Typhoon refers to a tropical cyclonic storm that originates within the Western Pacific

Ocean; in the Atlantic, the identical styles of storms are referred to as hurricanes. The spiral

clouds around a central eye are characterized as typhoons. Typhoons will generate winds of quite
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seventy-five miles per hour and cause major flooding through their intense precipitation and

storm surges. Their effects vary from structural injury to trees, watercraft, and buildings to each

immediate and long impacts on human life and living. Everyone should always be alert and

ready (Devaney, 2018).

Typhoons have major effects on the city or community. For example, floods. According

to National Geographic (n.d.), floods occur when water overruns a land that is usually dry.

Floods can be disastrous throughout the course of a typhoon. Usually, floods can go through

homes and damage more objects. Because of this, people have a hard time getting the water out.

The harmful forces of typhoons additionally impact and typically take the lives of each

humans and animals. This will occur directly as once flying detritus or collapsing structures

injure or kill folks. A silent killer of kinds is the lack of accessible resources and infrastructure

which will follow storm landfall. Flooding from typhoons might destroy food stocks and

provides and unfold a malady. In communities stop by typhoons, people might not be able to get

the medical attention they urgently want and starvation becomes a giant risk moreover

(Devaney, 2018).

Typhoons occur when a rough weather wave, using the rotation of the earth, begins to

rotate. The potential of generating a pressure system increases if this wave spins into a complete

circle; with higher pressure on the outside and a low-pressure center. High multidirectional

winds surrounding the wave can disrupt the system from forming. If the system maintains its

rotation and begins to spiral at a rate greater than 65 knots, it is referred to as a tropical cyclone.

Typhoon intensity is not dependent on the size of the system (Okagbare, 2017).

Flooding affects individuals during a multitude of the way. Individuals suffer stress on

multiple fronts, not even as flooding happens, however conjointly within the preceding amount
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of a flood and through the cleanup and recovery section. Flooding will injure properties and

destroy homes. Managing floods can also assemble communities, fostering sociability and

goodwill. Floodwaters injury land by erosion shorelines and re-motion soils, further as casting

off no matter natural vegetation is also within the path of the flowing water (Smith, 2017).

Loss of life is the most devastating expertise flooding inflicts on folks. This pain includes

the loss of human life, stock, and beloved pets. Another long-run impact of flooding is economic

hardship. This hardship is caused by the loss of stock, farm crops, harm to food stores, and

broken to industries or stores. Floods additionally harm the business of the traveler, as travels

are a lot of seemingly to avoid flood-damaged regions, traveler attractions could also be

irreparably broken (Smith, 2017).

Flooding will produce money burden and cause emotional hardship. Floods conjointly

injure personal estate. Vehicles and houses, making dangerous living conditions if water isn't

clean up instantly. Floodwaters carry with them several health and injury carry with them several

health and injury risks, together with disease and hazards, like sharp glass or metals. Flooding

conjointly might contaminate water provides wreck evacuation systems and injure farm corps

(Smith, 2017).

Blackout or power outages in a force framework can happen severally. Step by step

instructions to forestall a power outage is a significant issue in force frameworks. The

motivations to cause power outages can be the over-burdening of transmission lines, ice covering

on lines, disappointment of insurance or control frameworks, and others. Power outage can be

forestalled through suitable control techniques in a framework to keep from an N-1 possibility,

keep up burden age equilibrium, and course to more blame possibilities. This work surveys

power outages from various nations by thinking about their causes and arrangements, just as the
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conversation musings from numerous scientists. The overview can give critical references to

improve the framework security systems (Chang et al., 2017).

A pump is a device meant to make a smoother path for the motion of a fluid to flow.

Pumps take over from fluids, inflicting it to maneuver down or out of a pipe. Most pumps use

some style of compressional action to displace the fluid. This compressional action typically

necessitates a motor that acts to place pressure on the fluid so as to displace it. This motor is

often hopped up by a spread of fuels, as long because it has the mandatory power to displace the

fluid. Most pumps are either positive displacement or rotodynamic (Scott, 2018).

Stagnant water is water that hasn’t been moved or disturbed for hours and or days. The

cause for this type of water is from leaks, sewage backups or a major flood. Because of this

standing water, contamination is prone to happen, this contamination can cause molds, structural

damage, home for insects and rodents that can give a person extreme illness. This is extremely

dangerous and hazardous. Malaria, Dengue Fever, and Leptospirosis are a few of the many

sickness you can get from contaminated stagnant water (Staff, 2020).

This device will make a great impact on our modern society. Since most parts of the

Philippines are experiencing flooding, we intend to lessen the problem brought by floodwater, so

this idea came up to help Filipinos. This device aims to help to diminish the amount of water

inside the houses. It can also make the process of removing or decreasing the amount of

floodwater easily. This can be used by anyone who wishes to make life practical and convenient

because it is simple and effortless to manage.

The device can be helpful to those who always experience flooding. This device pumps

floodwater into a container and it can be hand carry for disposal. It has a manual battery charger

in case of a brownout. It has also 12 volts battery that helps to pump the floodwater in a fast

way.
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This device can pump many liters of water in just a minute. The device will save a lot on the

electrical bill. It will help people to easily remove floodwater from houses or basements. It is

environment friendly because no fuels are used from the pump that creates smoke. This device is

affordable so everyone can be able to own one.

Statement of the Problem

This study entitled “Hy-Pump: An Improvised Hybrid Floodwater Pump”, aims to find

out the efficiency of an improvised device that can convert hydroelectric energy through using

the device manually. The energy converted by the device can also be used to operate the

device electrically to easily remove floodwater in a convenient way.

Specifically, it seeks to answer the following questions:

1. What is the average amount of floodwater removed by manually-operated Hy-

pump within;

1.1 5 minutes;

1.2 10 minutes; and

1.3 15 minutes?

2. What is the average amount of floodwater removed by battery-operated Hy-pump

within;

2.1 5 minutes;

2.2 10 minutes; and

2.3 15 minutes?

3. How long is the estimated time the Hy-pump can operate when powered by a

battery?
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4. What is the average voltage output converted when manually-operated?

5. What is the average voltage output converted when battery-operated?

6. Is there a significant difference between the amount of water removed

when manually-operated and when battery-operated?

7. Is there a significant difference between the average voltage output converted by

the Hy-pump when manually-operated and the average voltage output when battery-operated?

Hypotheses

HO: 1. There is no significant difference between the amount of water removed

when manually-operated and when battery-operated.

2. There is no significant difference between the average voltage output converted by the

Hy-pump when manually-operated and the average voltage output when battery-operated.

Research Paradigm

Figure 1

Input - Process - Output Paradigm

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The figure shows the interaction of the device with different variables. In the study,

the researchers designed and constructed the device before it went through a lot of testing to

know the compatibility of the materials, efficiency and ensure the convenience of use.

Significance of the Study

This study would be beneficial to the following:

Lowland Residents. Filipino families who live in places that are much affected by floods

can benefit from this study. It can be much easier for the residents to get rid of the flood water

because this device can be used by anyone who is experiencing extreme flooding.

Local Government. This device can be beneficial for the local government especially to

the local government units. The idea of it will be more convenient because it will be easier for

the government units to remove floodwater in their offices and it will not spend much time with

the help of the equipment.

Researchers. It will provide information to the researchers to discover the easier way of

removing floodwater inside the houses and basements. The study will help in the advancement

for further studies about the related topic.

Students. The study would be beneficial to students to nurture information or even ideas

about the certain topic. It will help the students distinguish the importance of having the

improvised device for emergency use.

Scope and Limitations

This study will focus on making an improvised pump that can be both manually-operated

and battery-operated. This device helps people, especially those who live in lowlands to easily
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eliminate floodwater inside their homes. The study is conducted to ascertain the efficiency of the

improvised pump in Olongapo City.

The study will take an estimated time of 11 hours for the actual test of the improvised

device. The 10 hours will be the preparation and the actual activity and another 1 hour for

analyzing and interpreting of the data, in which the experiment will be conducted in an open

area.

Definitions of Terms

The important terms in this study are the following:

Batteries. It is composed of one or more cells whose chemical reactions create a flow of

electrons on a circuit.

Battery–operated. The device of this study works with the help of batteries.

Brownout. It is a period of reduced voltage of electricity caused especially by high

demand and resulting in reduced illumination.

Container. It is something that is used to hold or store things in such as a box or bottle.

Device. It is a kind of machine that is invented to fulfill a particular purpose.

Drainage System. It is known for carrying water away from properties that reduces flood

damage.

Electricity. It is a natural phenomenon that takes many different forms and occurs

throughout nature.

Erosion. The gradual destruction in a particular area or removal of rocks and soil.

Flash flood. It is a flood caused by heavy or excessive rainfall in a short period of time,

generally less than 6 hours.

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Flood. It is classified as an overflow of water that submerges land that is usually dry.

Flooding. This is classified as a temporary overflow of water onto land that is normally

dry.

Floodwater. This is the ponding water that is caused by stuck up rainwater.

Hybrid. The device is considered a hybrid because it can be manually hydroelectrically

operated.

Hydroelectric. It is when the device is used manually, the energy inserted will be

converted to electricity that will charge the battery.

Hydroelectric Energy. This uses the power of moving water to generate electricity in a

form of renewable energy

Hy-pump. The improvised device is a mechanical source of power that converts

mechanical power into hydraulic energy.

Improvised. This device is made to be improvised because it is more convenient and

practical to use.

Low Atmospheric Pressure. This is a region on the topographic map where the

atmospheric pressure is lower than that of surrounding locations.

Lowland Areas. The area where the land is at, near, or below the level of the sea and

where there are not usually mountains or large hills.

Manually. The device is manipulated by hand rather than automatically or electronically.

Pump. The device will work by the pump because it is more convenient and easier to

use. Stagnant Water. This is a type of water that is not flowing or moving.

Storm. It is the disturbance of an atmosphere marked by a heavy fall of rain, sleet,

or thunder and lightning.

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Storm Surge. It is described as the abnormal rise in sea level accompanying a tropical

cyclone.

Tropical Country. It is a characteristic of a region or climate that is frost-free with

temperatures high enough to support year-round plant growth given sufficient moisture.

Tropical Cyclone. It is a low-pressure system that develops over tropical and sometimes

sub-tropical waters and has organized deep convection with a closed wind circulation about a

well-defined center.

Tropical Storm. A tropical cyclone that has maximum sustained surface winds ranging

from 39-73 mph.

Typhoon. A hurricane occurring especially in the region of the Philippines or the China

Sea.

Voltage. The difference in charge between two points in an electrical field is also called

electromotive force.

Voltage Output. This is the critical parameter for a fuel cell and the voltage across the

anode and cathode.

Water. It is a clear thin liquid that has no taste when it is pure and that has no color.
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Materials and Methods

In this proportion, it contains the materials that will be used for the construction of the

device, the experimentation of the device, and the schematic diagram. This section will also

show the data gathering procedures and the research tool that is going to be used.

Research Method

This study is engaged in the use of experimental research as the research method is

applicable since it manipulates the variables that are presented and it makes use of existing

knowledge of hydroelectric. In this way, the researchers were able to assess the efficiency of

the device as an alternative way of eliminating the floodwater inside houses or basements.

Gathering of Materials

The materials that will be used in this experiment are 1” Slip Tee, 1-1/4” Slip Cap, Two

2 x 1” Slip Caps, 1” PVC Pipe (26” long), Three #320 O-ring, Two #219 O-rings, 1” plug, 1-1/4

in. x ¾ in. PVC Bushing, ¾” PVC Close Riser, ¾ in. PVC FIPT x FIPT x FIPT Tee, 1-1/4” Slip

Coupling, 1-1/4” PVC Pipe (24” long), Two ¾” Acrylic balls, Two ¾” PVC Tubing, Two Male

PVC Slip Adaptors, 2”x19” Wood, Wood Glue, Lubricating Gel, 220 grit Sandpaper, Wires,

Switch, 12V batteries, Permanent Marker, ¾ plywood, Measuring tape, Rubber mallet, Gloves,

Thread tape, 1 gal. of exterior wood primer, a bottle of spray paint, 2x2 lumber, revet, motor

pump, and water turbine. The rest of the materials are bought from a local hardware store at

Zambales.
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Research Design

The researchers will use the between-subject design. The purpose of the device is to

remove the floodwater. Next, is to know the time on how long the pump will operate while

powered by battery. The proponents should know the average voltage output converted when

manually-operated and battery-operated. Lastly, the amount of water that will be removed when

manually-operated and when battery-operated.

Figure 2

Completely Randomized Block Design

Schematic Sketch of the Device

As seen in the illustration, this device is a hydro-electric setup that can be used manually

and electrically. When the device is operated manually, the pump will collect the floodwater

while charging the battery that can be used afterward. The battery can be used simply by turning

the switch on. The water that passes through the pipe will convert hydroelectric energy that will

be used for the device to work electrically. The energy in the battery will be used to collect the

floodwater instead of using the pump manually.

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Figure 3

Illustration and Parts of the Device

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Preparation of Materials

In this study, the first thing the researchers need are PPR parts from the local hardware

store in making the pump pistol. The 1” pipe will become the plunger pistol. The 1” pipe has a

very close fit than the larger pipe. By the use of two by four woods to hold the 1” pipe, there

should be two marks from the end of the pipe at 1” and another at 2”. The blade must be

configured so that when cutting the pipe, it should just cut halfway through the pipe. While the

blade is spinning, one hand should hold the pipe in place, while using the other hand to carefully

rotate the tubing. The outcome of the pipe will have two shallow grooves. The grooves are

created for the O-rings to fit in correctly. The pump should be glued with PVC glue and the 1”

plug. The 220 grit Sandpaper is used to smooth out the surface of the pipe. The researchers will

glue the coupling to the bottom reducer bushing, then glue the bigger tube into that. The

researchers will attach the handle together using glue and set it aside. The O-rings and the pieces

should connect together with a few twists and push. After adding the cap on the tube, the

researchers can finally put on the assembled handle that was made by attaching the slip caps and

the slip tee. The piston is finally ready to be used by the researchers. To make the pistol into a

vacuum, a check – valve makes a liquid or a gas flow one way only. To make this, the

researchers will use a ¾ inches male PPR slip adaptor, ¾” tubing, and a ¾” acrylic ball, and an

– ring. To secure the position of the adaptor, the students will mark their tube 5/8” from the

bottom and use a 1/16” bit to drill a small hole in the tube, continuing right on through the other

side. A strong piece of metal, like a nail or a thick paperclip, will be needed to push all the way

through the tube. The ends of the nail will need to be flush with the sides of the pipe to clip the

end with the nail head on it. Next, is to prime the connections and place the O – ring inside the

adaptor and put the ball. Cement will be added to the pipe, to cover the holes where the nail is
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set. The researchers will build the valve by the use of a 1 ½” PPR pipe to accept another

adaptor. The two will be glued and pushed together to make a little compact unit. To finish up,

the proponents will wrap this in thread tape so when it is connected to the pistol, it will have an

air and water-tight seal. A water turbine and a motor pump will also be attached between the

pipes that will help in converting energy from the running water.

As for the base, the researchers will cut the plywood into 9.5” x 18.7”. The device will be

attached to the plywood with the help of wood glue and a glue gun. The researchers will arrange

the wires to the respective places for the switch to work.

Respondents and Sampling Techniques

The researchers will use sampling techniques that fit the requirements, the type of

research that they have, and what their sample is. In this case, water readily available in the

houses of the proponents will be utilized as a sample during the experiment. The convenience

sampling techniques is used in this project for the variable needed are already there and are

easily accessible by the researchers whenever needed.

Research Tool

Voltmeter. The Voltage Meter, most commonly known as the Voltmeter, is a tool used

to measure the voltage of two points in an electrical circuit. Specifically, the alternating current

voltmeter is what the researchers will use for the experiment. An alternating current is the

reverse of a direction from an electrical current. It is mostly used in power supplies. This tool

will be used to measure the voltage of each subject.

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Stopwatch. It is a device or instrument that can be used to measure the exact duration of

time. It can function by using buttons. It is used to measure the amount of time it takes for the

floodwater to be pumped manually and by battery.

Pail. It is a tool that will be used to measure the amount of water collected by the device.

Data Gathering Procedure

Data were gathered according to the amount of floodwater that would answer the research

questions on what was the average amount of floodwater removed by the device. There will be

three trials which consisted of the specific time of functioning the device to get the number of

liters of the floodwater absorbed. The voltage output was gathered by a voltmeter that would

answer the research questions on what was the average voltage output converted when manually-

operated and battery-operated.

Statistical Treatment of Data

ANOVA was used in the study. Analysis of variance is the statistical method that

evaluates probable differences in a scale-level dependent variable by a nominal-level variable

having at least 2 or more classifications. The researchers have used two-way ANOVA with

replication since there are two groups, specifically the manual and battery-operated pump.

T-test: Two Sample Assuming Unequal Variances will also be used in this study to

consider two subjects. This evaluates whether the methods for two gatherings are factually not

quite the same as one another. This examination is suitable at whatever point you need to

think about the methods for two gatherings, and particularly proper as the investigation for the

posttest-just two-bunch randomized test structure.

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Risk and Safety

Several risks might happen during the execution of the device. The researchers ask

assistance for putting the correct details in the device since it assesses risk such as putting the

battery inside the equipment and making the pump work to change into battery-operated. Thus,

the researchers will find solutions for the risks. To avoid danger to happen while making the

pump, the proponents will make sure to handle the equipment properly. In doing the process, the

researchers will ask the help of those who are more experienced in making the device.

Figure 4

Methodology Flowchart
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The figure illustrates the flow of activities and the process of collecting the data. The

researchers started designing a device and gathered the needed materials for construction. The

constructed device has gone through a lot of investigating and testing to assess the compatibility

of the materials used. The experimentation started after the researchers found the best suited

materials for the device. Lastly, the collected results from the experimentation were used for the

data analysis.

Results and Discussion

This part of the paper provides the gathered data with the analysis and interpretation of

the results of the conducted experiments. The data were presented in a clear and concise form,

most of which used figures and tables, which reveal the potential and efficiency of the

improvised floodwater pump. Four sets of experiments were conducted and each experiment was

repeated twice to ensure the consistency of the results. After various observations and a series of

analyzing and interpreting the data, the researchers did not fail to come up with compromising

results.

Table 1

The amount of floodwater collected by the manually-operated pump

TIME TRIALS (L) AVERAGE (L)

(minutes) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

5 28 30 29 24 22 25 25 23 24 23 25.3

10 56 55 56 49 45 50 49 47 48 45 50

15 84 85 83 70 68 73 71 70 68 68 74
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Table 1 shows the amount of floodwater collected when the Hy-Pump is operated

manually. It reveals that the Hy-Pump can collect 22 to 30 liters of floodwater in 5 minutes, 45

to 56 liters of floodwater in 10 minutes and 68 to 85 liters of floodwater within 15 minutes.

Table 2

The amount of floodwater collected by the battery-operated pump

TIME TRIALS (L) AVERAGE

(minutes) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 (L)

5 20 20 20 19 20 20 21 20 19 20 19.9

10 40 40 40 38 41 40 42 40 38 40 39.9

15 60 60 60 58 62 60 63 60 58 60 60.1

Table 2 shows the amount of floodwater collected when the Hy-Pump is operated by the

battery. It reveals that the Hy-Pump can collect 20 liters of floodwater in 5 minutes, 40 liters of

water in 10 minutes and 60 liters of floodwater within 15 minutes.

Table 3

The voltage output produced with respect to time

TIME (minutes) MANUALLY OPERATED BATTERY OPERATED

5 11.6 7.2

10 12 7.6

15 11.8 8

AVERAGE 11.8 7.6

Table 3 shows the amount of voltage produced by the manually-operated and battery-

operated Hy-Pump. It reveals that the manually operated Hy-Pump can produce up to 12 volts.

On the other hand, the battery-operated Hy-Pump can produce up to 8 volts.

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Table 4

Significant difference between the amount of floodwater removed when manually-operated

and when battery-operated.

P-value Decision at 5% Interpretation

0.000000000000016 Reject the Ho statistically significant

5.29917E-40 Reject the Ho statistically significant

0.00230445 Reject the Ho statistically significant

Table 4 reveals the computed p-value for the amount of floodwater removed by the Hy-

pump. It shows that the p-values computed are all lower than 0.05 which reveals that there is

less than a 5% chance of a result as the sample result if the null hypothesis were true. Therefore,

there is a significant difference between the amount of floodwater removed when manually-

operated and when battery-operated.

Table 5

Significant difference between the average voltage output converted when manually-

operated and when battery-operated.

P-value Decision at 5% Interpretation

0.000505 Reject the Ho statistically significant

Table 5 reveals the computed p-value for the voltage output produced by the Hy-pump. It

shows that the p-values computed are all lower than 0.05 which reveals that there is less than a

5% chance of a result as the sample result if the null hypothesis were true. Therefore, there is a
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significant difference between the average voltage output converted when manually-operated and

when battery-operated.

Table 6

Pump Efficiency of the Device

Pump Flow Total Head Motor Power Hydraulic Power Efficiency

0.24 m3/h 5m 19 W 11.772 KW 72 %

Shown in the table above is the computed pump efficiency of the improvised hybrid

floodwater pump. The efficiency of the device was 72%.

Conclusion and Recommendations

Typhoons are one of the major natural disasters that can occur in the Philippines. With

that, the number of typhoons per decade has never stopped growing. According to Katherina

Bucholz in her recent data gathering about the number of typhoons per ten years, 2010s has the

most number with 91 recorded typhoons. The result of these typhoons can be extreme flooding

that can enter our homes. This device can efficiently remove floodwater even with just a short

amount of time. With the included hydroelectric powered battery, more people can focus on

other tasks while still taking out large amounts of floodwater. With the help of this study and

device, there will be less labor for the person and the device can be further improved for future

research.
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Conclusion

According to the gathered data and results, the following conclusions were made:

1. The manually-operated Hy-pump removed an average of 25.3 liters of floodwater

within 5 minutes; an average of 50 liters of floodwater within 10 minutes; and an average of 74

liters of floodwater within 15 minutes.

2. The battery-operated Hy-pump removed an average of 19.9 liters of floodwater

within 5 minutes; an average of 39.9 liters of floodwater within 10 minutes; and an average of

60.1 liters of floodwater within 15 minutes.

3. The Hy-pump can operate within the estimated time of 5 to 6 hours non-stop

when it is powered by the battery.

4. The manually-operated Hy-pump produced an average of 11.8 volts.

5. The battery-operated Hy-pump produced an average of 7.6 volts.

6. There is a significant difference between the amount of water removed when

manually-operated and when battery-operated.

7. There is a significant difference between the average voltage output converted by

the Hy-pump when manually-operated and the average voltage output when battery-operated.

In accordance with the conclusions, it is obvious that the battery operated Hy-pump can

remove less water than the manually operated Hy-pump. It is due to the fact that the manual

suction of water is a lot stronger compared to the battery operated since it is powered by a small

motor pump. On the other hand, the manually operated Hy-pump can produce more voltage than

the battery operated Hy-pump since it can suck a lot of water that will flow into the water turbine

resulting in higher voltage output. Furthermore, the Hy-pump can operate within the estimated
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time of 5 to 6 hours non-stop when it is powered by the battery but if it will be used manually, it

will operate longer since the water that is being sucked by the manual pump flows to the water

turbine where it is converted into hydroelectric energy that will then be received by the battery.

With that being said, the researchers rejected the null hypotheses.

Recommendations

Considering the findings and the conclusions derived from the study "Hy-Pump: An

Improvised Hybrid Floodwater Pump", we made the following recommendations.

1. Researchers interested in this study must use a big pump rather than a small one.

We have identified that this could absorb more water, and the flow of it is much stronger.

2. In constructing a pump, look for the most suitable battery that could last for a

long time. It is a trial-and-error process in finding a battery that could work best on your device.

3. Do not hesitate to ask for help from experts when it comes to the development of

the device. They could further enhance it, and the work for the researchers will run smoothly.

4. Possess a background of a study that is somehow related to your work. It could

contribute a lot to your team and have a piece of extensive knowledge.

5. In testing the device, the researchers must have assistance partners, which can be

their parents. Spend a lot of time and effort to know the complications and have a solution to

them.

6. The study must be taken seriously so that risks would less occur.
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References

Buchholz, K. (2020, November 30). 2010s See Record Number of Storms in the Philippines.

Statista Infographics. https://www.statista.com/chart/23638/storms-storm-deaths-in-

the philippines/

Devaney, E. (2018, April 19). The effects of typhoons.

https://sciencing.com/effects-typhoons 6060279.html

Lee, J. (2015, October 17). Why the Philippines is being battered by yet another

fearsom typhoon. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2015/10/151017

typhoonkoppuphilippineshurricaneexplainer-oceans-weather-atmosphere

National Geographic Society. (2012, October 9). Flood.

https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/flood/

Okagbare, O. (2017, April 24). How do typhoons occur.

https://sciencing.com/do-typhoonsoccur 5187631.html

Scott, D. (2018, January 9). How does a pump work.

https://sciencing.com/how-does 5004050apump-work.html

Smith, F. (2017, November 22). How are people affected by floods.

https://sciencing.com/howarepeople-affected-by-floods-12510012.html

Staff (2020, February 8). Health risks associated with stagnant water.

https://titanrebuild.com/stagnant-water-risks/

Wu, Y. K., Chang, S. M., & Hu, Y. L. (2017). Literature review of power system blackouts.

Energy Procedia, 141, 428–431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.11.055

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Appendices

Figure 5

Schematic Sketch of the Device

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Figure 6

Pictures of the actual device

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Figure 7

Pictures during experimentation

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Figure 8

Raw data / Data Analysis

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Figure 9

Pump Efficiency