ES 7, Noise Pollution

Industrial Noise pollution
Md. Shakirul islam

Lecturer, WPE,
BUTEX
ASPECT
• With the progress of industrial growth, noise has become a part of our
environment.
• Development of modern automated machines in textile industries has
considerably decreased the physical burden of work on workers but one of
the most undesirable and unavoidable product of these machines are noise
pollution.
• High level noise, not only hinders communication between the workers also
depending upon the level, quality and exposure duration of noise have
physical, physiological and psychological effects on the workers.
• In developing countries also, there has been a great concern about the
magnitude of industrial noise exposure, particularly in textile industry
Parameters of sound measurement
• Two important parameters of sound/noise are sound pressure and
sound intensity. The common scientific acoustic unit is decibel (dB). It
is a ratio expressed as a logarithmic scale relative to a reference sound
pressure level.
• 1 decibel (dB) =10 log10 (Intensity Measured /Reference Intensity)
• In other way, Sound is usually measured in terms of the sound
pressure level, SPL, which is defined as
SPL= 20 decibels(dB)
Sources
There are two types of sources of noise pollution in general

• Many primary sources of noise exist in industrial situations. Common
primary sources are interacting parts such as gear teeth and bearings,
motion of pistons between end-stops in hydraulic and pneumatic
actuators, air and gas jets, combustion processes and vibrating
components.
• However, noise from primary sources is frequently reflected from
various boundaries in the environment. Each such boundary becomes a
secondary noise source and often results in a standing wave, such that
sound is nullified in some positions but reinforced in others.
Noise level observed in the different departments of textile
industry
Area Noise exposure level in dB

Blow room 84.8
Carding 89.9
Draw Frame 85.2
Combing 84.4
Simplex 87.2
Ring Frame 100
Loom Shed 102.1
Cheese Winding 91.2
SOUND METER
• Sound is usually measured with a sound meter. The sound meter is a
useful tool for investigating complaints about noise pollution. In its
normal mode of operation, it gives an output that is compensated for
the nonlinear sensitivity of the human ear and therefore gives a fair
measurement of the long-term degree of noise pollution existing.
Mechanism:
1. Sound meter processes the signal collected by a microphone. The
microphone is a diaphragm type pressure-measuring device that
converts sound pressure into a displacement.
2. The displacement is applied to a displacement transducer (normally
capacitive, inductive or piezoelectric type) which produces a low-
magnitude voltage output
SOUND METER
3. This is amplified, filtered and finally gives an output voltage signal
that can be recorded.
4. The filtering process has a frequency response approximating that of
the human ear, so that the sound meter ‘hears’ sounds in the same way
as a human ear. So that the sound level measurement output accurately
reflects the sound level heard by human.
Sound Output display

Microphone Amplifier Filter
r.m.s. voltmeter
HAZARDS OF NOISE POLLUTION
Workers consistently exposed to the noise levels above 85 or even 90 dB
may reveal permanent hearing loss. Prevalence of noise induced hearing
loss was highest in the workers working in weaving area, followed by the
spinning workers and the workers working in TFO, doubling area. In
addition to hearing loss, exposure of workers to noise levels of 90-119 dB
was also found to result in-
1. Cardiovascular and psycho physiologic problems.
2. Sleep disorders and headache,
3. Mental fatigue, Annoyance, speech interference and reduced
alertness,
4. Increased blood pressure, deep body temperature and pulse rate,
5. Speed of performance was impaired significantly by noise.
CONTROL OF NOISE POLLUTION IN TEXTILE INDUSTRY
• Noise in spinning section can be reduced by providing elastomeric spindle.

• Replacement of parts with resilient materials like nylon instead of metal can
provide reduction in impulse noise of looms.
• Attempts shall be made to produce complete enclosures around the loom. A
complete enclosure can provide, greater degree of reduction ranging from 30 dB
to over 60 dB depending upon the design.
• Proper maintenance by ensuring the following:
I. Reduction of imbalance through proper alignment and balancing of rotating
equipment
II. Replacement of worn parts, such as bearing, gears and other moving parts.
.
CONTROL OF NOISE POLLUTION IN TEXTILE INDUSTRY
III. Regular lubrication to reduce friction.

IV. Tightening of loose parts.
V. Correct assembly of machine parts or replacements.
• Vibration isolators prevent noise from being transmitted through the
base of the equipment
• Damping or foamed coatings reduce sound amplitude and duration
In Bangladesh, the sound intensity standard is set by the
Department of Environment (VIDE RULE 12) as below
ZONE CLASS DAY (6am -9pm) NIGHT (9pm-6am)
SILENT ZONE 45 dB 35
RESIDENTIAL ZONE 50 dB 40
MIXED ZONE 60 dB 50
COMMERCIAL ZONE 70 dB 60
INDUSTRIAL ZONE 70 dB 70

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Industrial Noise pollution

Md. Shakirul islam

There are two types of sources of noise pollution in general

Area Noise exposure level in dB

Sound Output display

• Noise in spinning section can be reduced by providing elastomeric spindle.

III. Regular lubrication to reduce friction.

ZONE CLASS DAY (6am -9pm) NIGHT (9pm-6am)

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