Unit 6: Future Jobs: 1. Vocabulary

UNIT 6: FUTURE JOBS
1. VOCABULARY:
A. READING
Stressful (adj.) / 'stresfl / Making you feel worried and
căng thẳng
nervous.
Vacancy (n)
/’veikənsi / A job that is available.
Vị trí bỏ trống
Résumé (n) /ˈrezjuːmeɪ/ A short summary or account
Sơ yếu lý lịch
/ˈrezəmeɪ/ of sth.
A person or group that is
Candidate (n) / 'kændid ət/ considered suitable for sth. or
Ứng cử viên
that is likely to get sth. or to
be sth.
To write sth. quickly, to note
To jot down Ghi lại
down.
Recommendation /,rekəmen'dei∫n/
(n)→ letter of An official suggestion about
Sự giới thiệu
recommendation the best thing to do.
/ 'ni:tli / Tidy and in order; carefully

Neatly (adv.) Gọn gàng
done or arranged.
To concentrate on / 'kϽnsəntreit / To focus on. Tập trung vào
Keen (adj.) / ki:n /
- Keenness (n) Special interest, eagerness Háo hức
B. SPEAKING
To irrigate / 'irigeit / To supply water to an area of t ới n ớc
- Irrigation (n) / iri'gei∫n / land through pipes.
A particular way of doing sth,
Technique (n)
/ tek'ni:k / especially one in which you Kỹ thuật
have to learn special skills.
A person whose job is to collect
Journalist (n) / 'dʒə:nəlist / and write news stories for
Nhà báo
newspapers, magazines, radio
or television.
Extremely interesting and
Fascinating (adj.) / 'fæsineitiη / attractive. Hấp dẫn, lôi cuốn
C. LISTENING, WRITING& LANGUAGE FOCUS
Manufacturing The business or industry of

/mænju'fækt∫əriη/ producing goods in large Sự s n uất, sự chế
(n)
tạo
quantities in factories.
Retail (n) The sale of goods directly to
Sự bán lẻ
/ 'ri:teil / the public for their own use
The sale of goods in large
Wholesale (n) Sự bán sĩ
/ 'həʊseil / quantities to shop owners.
A document showing that you
Giấy chứng ch cấp
have completed a course of
Diploma (n) khi thi
/ dɪˈpləʊmə / study or part of your
education.
Advertisement (n) A notice, picture or film
- to advertise /əd'vɜ:tismənt / telling people about a Sự qu ng cáo
/ 'ædvə,taiz / product, job or service.
To bring a product, a service
hập kh u
To import / ˈɪmpɔ:t / into one country from
another.
worried because you think sth
Anxious (adj.)
/ 'æη∫əs / bad might happen Áy náy, lo âu
- Anxiously (adv.)
All the qualities and features
Character (n) Cá tính, tính nết
/ 'kærəktə / that make a person.
Sector (n) / 'sektə / A part of a country’s

Bộ
economic or business activity
To come or go down from a

To descend Hạ uống
/ di’send / higher to a lower level
Wound (n)
/ wu:nd / An injury in which your skin
- Wounded (adj.) or flesh is damaged , usually Vết th ơng
seriously
2. GRAMMAR: RELATIVE CLAUSES

 A Relative Pronoun stands for the preceding noun or pronoun (antecedent- tiền ngữ)
and introduces an adjective clause.
Antecedent People Things

Function
Subject WHO WHICH
Object WHOM WHICH
Possession WHOSE WHOSE
Examples:
o Do you know the man who wrote these poems?
o My employer, whom I dislike, works in the next room.
o Is that the man for whom you have been waiting?
o Alex Cook is a man whose opinions I respect.
o That is the girl whose father works in the foundry.
o Swimming, which is a sport, makes people strong.
o The flowers which you brought are beautiful.
o That is the shop in which she works.
o A tree whose branches are dead should be cut down.
NOTE:
1. WHOM, WHICH and THAT are usually omitted from restrictive (defining) clauses when they are
the object of the verb in the clause, or of a preposition that does not stand before them.
o Daddy, this is the man (whom/that) I want to marry.
o The flowers (which/that) you brought are beautiful.
o The men (whom/that) we voted for won the election.
2. WHICH may have a whole preceding clause as its antecedent. In this use, WHICH is
equivalent to AND THIS / THAT (+ NOUN).
o He invited us to dinner, which was very kind of him.
o They won the medal at last, which delighted the school.
3. THE USE OF “THAT”

• THAT may replace WHO, WHOM, and WHICH in restrictive (defining) clauses.
• THAT is not used after the comma in non-restrictive (non-defining) clauses or after prepositions.
o Air, which we breathe, is made up of many gases.
o The man to whom you spoke is the manager.
(OR: The man that you spoke to is the manager.)
• THAT should be used:
- after a mixed antecedent (person + thing or animal) N hỗn hợp
o I met the people, cattle and vehicles that went to market.
o The dancers and landscapes that he painted were very vivid.
- after Adjectives in the superlative and THE FIRST, THE LAST, THE ONLY, THE VERY...
o He is the kindest doctor that I’ve ever worked with. so sánh nhất và các the first the
o The last words that he spoke were: “Long live Viet Nam!” last...
o John was the only student that didn’t pass the exam.
- after most indefinite Pronouns : ALL, MUCH, LITTLE, ANY, NONE, NOTHING,
ANYTHING, NOBODY, EVERYTHING… sau các đại từ bất định
o Have you got all that you need?
o Much that I have read is untrue.
o I’ve never known anyone that is as lovely as our teacher.
o I love everything that she makes for me.
- after the opening IT IS / WAS..., and the corresponding interrogative form.

o It was John that I was just talking to.
o Is it I that will be sacked by the boss?
4. RELATIVE ADVERBS
When an adverb like WHERE, WHEN, WHY introduces an adjective clause, it is called a
Relative Adverb.
● WHEN: AT/ON/IN + WHICH (for time)
● WHERE: AT/ON/IN + WHICH (for place)
● WHY: FOR WHICH (for reason)
o That is the village where (in which) I used to live.
o Sunday is a holiday, when (on which) most people rest.
o There is every reason why (for which) you should come on time.
Relative clauses with a participle

• ACTIVE
o There are delays this morning for people travelling to work.
(= people who are travelling to work)
o A lorry carrying concrete pipes has overturned.
(= a lorry which was carrying pipes)
o The path leading to the church is narrow.
(= the path which leads/led to the church)
Ø We do NOT use the active participle for a single action in the past.
o The police want to interview people who saw the accident.
(NOT: people seeing the accident)
• PASSIVE
o I have a message for people delayed by the traffic chaos.
(= people who are being delayed)
o We noticed a pile of stones left in the road.
(= stones which had been left there)
o I like food sold in supermarkets
(= food which is/was sold in supermarkets)
Relative clauses with a to-infinitive

• Look at this structure with the to-infinitive.
o New Zealand was the first country to give women the vote.
(= the first country which gave women the vote)
o Melanie was the only person to write a letter of thanks.
(= the only person who wrote a letter of thanks)
Here are some more examples.
o The guest on our show is the youngest golfer to win the Open.
o Emma Thompson is the most famous actress to appear on stage here.
• We can use a to-infinitive with these words: first, second, …, next and last; only;
and superlatives (youngest, most famous).
• We can leave out the noun (except after only) if the meaning is clear.
The captain was the last to leave the sinking ship.
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UNIT 6: FUTURE JOBS

/ 'ni:tli / Tidy and in order; carefully

C. LISTENING, WRITING& LANGUAGE FOCUS

Manufacturing The business or industry of

Sector (n) / 'sektə / A part of a country’s

To come or go down from a

2. GRAMMAR: RELATIVE CLAUSES

Antecedent People Things

3. THE USE OF “THAT”

- after the opening IT IS / WAS..., and the corresponding interrogative form.

Relative clauses with a participle

Relative clauses with a to-infinitive

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