Chapter (1) Heet S

Sheet Chapter (1)
1.2 What is the exact number of bytes in a system that contains

(a) 32K bytes, (b) 64M bytes, and (c) 6.4G bytes.
Answer:
(a) 32 * 210 = 32768 bytes .

(b) 64 * 220 = 67108864 bytes.
(c) 6.4 * 230 = 6871947674 bytes.
1.3 Convert the following numbers with the indicated bases to

decimal: (a) (4310) 5 (b) (198) 12
(c) (435) 8 (d) (345) 6
Answer:
(a) 4 * 53 + 3 * 52 + 1 * 51 + 0 * 50 = (580)10
(b) 1* 122 + 9 * 121 + 8 * 120 = (260)10
(c) 4 * 82 + 3 * 81 + 5 * 80 = (285)10
(d) 3 * 62 + 4 * 61 + 5 * 60 = (137)10.
1.4 What is the largest binary number that can be expressed with
16 bits?
What are the equivalent decimal and hexadecimal numbers?
Answer:
The largest number of any k-digits binary number is that with all
digits
being 1, such that the largest number of 16-digit binary number is
(1111 1111 1111 1111)2 = (65535)10 = (FFFF)16
Another solution:
To calculate the largest number of k bits we can simply use the
formula
2k -1
In this question 216 -1 = 65536-1=65535.
1.5 Determine the base of the numbers in each case for the
following operations to be correct:
(a) 14/2 = 5 (b) 54/4 = 13 (c) 24 + 17 = 40.
Answer:
(a) (1 * b1 + 4 * b0) / 2 * b0 = 5 * b0
(b + 4) / 2 = 5
b/2 + 4/2 = 5 b=6
(b) (5 * b1 + 4 * b0) / 4 * b0 = 1 * b1 + 3 * b0
(5b + 4) / 4 = 1b + 3
5b/4 + 4/4 = 1b + 3 b=8
(c) (2 * b1 + 4* b0) + (1* b1 + 7* b0) = 4b

(3b+11)=4 b b = 11
1.6 The solutions to the quadratic equation x2 - 11x + 22 = 0 are

x = 3 and x = 6. What is the base of the numbers?
Answer:
Notice that the solutions to the equation x2 - 11x + 22 in decimal

system are 8.37 and 2.62, which means that this equation is in
another system, we are asked to get the base of it.
(x – 3) (x - 6) = x2 – 9x + 18
(x2 - 11x + 22)b = (x2 – 9x + 18)10
(11)b = (9)10
(1 * b1 + 1 * b0) = 9
b=8
1.7 convert the hexadecimal number 64CD to binary, and then
convert it from binary to octal.
Answer:
(64CD)16 = (0110 0100 1100 1101)2

(110 010011 001 101)2 = (62315)8
1.8 Convert the decimal number 431 to binary in two ways:

(a) Convert directly to binary; (b) convert first to hexadecimal and
then from hexadecimal to binary. Which method is faster?
Answer:
(a) Integer Remainder
431/2
215 1 431 = (110101111)2
107 1
53 1
26 1
13 1
6 1
3 0
1 1
0 1
(b) Integer Remainder
431/16
F F 431 = (1AF)16= (110101111)2
F A
F 1
The second method is faster than the first one.
1.9 convert Express the following numbers in decimal:

(a) (10110.0101) 2 (b) (16.5) 16 (c) (26.24) 8
Answer:
(a) (10110.0101) 2 = 1 * 24 + 0 * 23 + 1 * 22 + 1 * 21 + 0 * 20 + 0 * 2-1
+ 1 * 2-2 + 0 * 2-3 + 1 * 2-4 = 22.3125
(b) (16.5) 16 = 1 * 161 + 6 * 160 + 5 * 16-1 = 22.3125
(c) (26.24) 8 = 2 * 81 + 6 * 80 + 2 * 8-1 + 4 * 8-2 = 22.3125
1.10 Convert the following binary numbers to hexadecimal and to

decimal: (a) 1.10010, (b) 110.010.
Answer:
(a) (1.10010)2 = (0001.1001)2 = (1.9)16 = (1 + 9*16-1 ) = (1.563) 10
(b) (110.010)2 = (0110.0100)2 = (6.4)16 = (6 + 4*16-1 ) = (6.25)10
1.12 Add and multiply the following numbers without converting

them to decimal.
(a) Binary numbers 1011 and 101.
Answer:
a) Addition Multiplication
1
1001 1001
+ ×
0101 101
1110 1001
0000 +
1001
101101
1.13 Do the following conversion problems: (a) Convert decimal

27.315 to binary.
Answer:
(a) Integer Remainder
431/2
215 1
107 1
53 1
26 1
13 1
6 1
4 0
2 1
0 1
Fraction Integer ( 27.315)10 = (11011.0101)2
27/2
0.315*2 0
0.36 1
0.26 0
0.52 0
0.04 1
0.08 0
0.16 0
0.32 0
1.14 Obtain the 1’s and 2’s complements of the following binary
numbers: (a) 00010000 (b) 00000000
(c) 11011010 (d) 10101010
Answer:
00010000 00000000 11011010 10101010

1st
11101111 11111111 00100101 01010101
complement
2nd
11110000 00000000 00100110 01010110
complement
1.15 Find the 9’s and the 10’s complement of the following decimal
numbers:
(a) 25,478,036 (b) 63, 325, 600 (c) 25,000,000 (d) 00,000,000.
Answer:
25,478,036 63, 325, 600 25,000,000 00,000,000.

9's
74521963 36674399 74999999 99999999
complement
10's
74521964 36674400 75000000 00000000
complement
1.16 (a) Find the 16’s complement of C3DF.

(b) Convert C3DF to binary.
(c) Find the 2’s complement of the result in (b).
(d) Convert the answer in (c) to hexadecimal and compare with the
answer in (a).
Answer:
a) FFFF – C3DF + 1 = 3C21
b) 1100 0011 1101 1111
c) 0011 1100 0010 0001
d) 3C21
1.17 Perform subtraction on the given unsigned numbers using the

10’s complement of the subtrahend. Where the result should be
negative, find its 10’s complement and affix a minus sign. Verify your
answers. (a) 4,637 - 2,579 (b) 125 - 1,800
Answer:
a) 10’s complement of 2579 = 9999 - 2579 + 1 = 7421
4637 + 7421 = 12058 here, the result should be positive; we discard
the 1.
result = + 2058
b) 10’s complement of 1800 = 8200
125 + 8200 = 8325 here, the result should be negative; we find its
10’s complement and affix a minus sign.
result= - 1675
1.18 Perform subtraction on the given unsigned binary numbers
using the 2’s complement of the subtrahend. Where the result should
be negative,
find its 2’s complement and affix a minus sign.
(a) 10011 – 10010 (b) 100010 – 100110
Answer:
a) 10011 + 01110 = 100001
Result = + 00001, as we discard 1 b) 100010 + 011010 = 111100
Result= - 000100, as the result should be negative.
1.23 Represent the unsigned decimal numbers 791 and 658 in BCD,
and then show the steps necessary to form their sum.
Answer:
11 1
0111 1001 0001
+
0110 0101 1000
1111111
1101 1110 1001
0110 0110 +
= (1449)BCbD
0001 0100 0100 1001
1.35.
Answer:
f=a*b*c g=a+b+c

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Sheet Chapter (1)

1.2 What is the exact number of bytes in a system that contains

(a) 32 * 210 = 32768 bytes .

1.3 Convert the following numbers with the indicated bases to

(c) (2 * b1 + 4* b0) + (1* b1 + 7* b0) = 4b

1.6 The solutions to the quadratic equation x2 - 11x + 22 = 0 are

Notice that the solutions to the equation x2 - 11x + 22 in decimal

(64CD)16 = (0110 0100 1100 1101)2

1.8 Convert the decimal number 431 to binary in two ways:

(a) Integer Remainder

(b) Integer Remainder

The second method is faster than the first one.

1.9 convert Express the following numbers in decimal:

1.10 Convert the following binary numbers to hexadecimal and to

1.12 Add and multiply the following numbers without converting

1.13 Do the following conversion problems: (a) Convert decimal

Fraction Integer ( 27.315)10 = (11011.0101)2

00010000 00000000 11011010 10101010

25,478,036 63, 325, 600 25,000,000 00,000,000.

1.16 (a) Find the 16’s complement of C3DF.

b) 1100 0011 1101 1111

c) 0011 1100 0010 0001

1.17 Perform subtraction on the given unsigned numbers using the

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