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    Lesson 3 Cavite Mutiny

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    Jayrico Arguelles
    The 1872 Cavite Mutiny has two conflicting accounts - the Spanish version portrayed it as a planned conspiracy to overthrow Spanish rule, while the Filipino version saw it as a spontaneous mutiny in response to oppressive policies. Around 200 soldiers and laborers attacked Spanish officers at the Cavite arsenal, led by Sergeant Lamadrid, but the mutiny was quickly suppressed by Spanish reinforcements. The event was then used politically by Governor-General Izquierdo and Spanish friars to implicate nationalist priests Gomburza, who were later executed, fueling Filipino nationalism.

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    Lesson 3 Cavite Mutiny

    Uploaded by

    Jayrico Arguelles
    39 views3 pages
    The 1872 Cavite Mutiny has two conflicting accounts - the Spanish version portrayed it as a planned conspiracy to overthrow Spanish rule, while the Filipino version saw it as a spontaneous mutiny in response to oppressive policies. Around 200 soldiers and laborers attacked Spanish officers at the Cavite arsenal, led by Sergeant Lamadrid, but the mutiny was quickly suppressed by Spanish reinforcements. The event was then used politically by Governor-General Izquierdo and Spanish friars to implicate nationalist priests Gomburza, who were later executed, fueling Filipino nationalism.

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    The 1872 Cavite Mutiny has two conflicting accounts - the Spanish version portrayed it as a planned conspiracy to overthrow Spanish rule, while the Filipino version saw it as a spontaneous mutiny in response to oppressive policies. Around 200 soldiers and laborers attacked Spanish officers at the Cavite arsenal, led by Sergeant Lamadrid, but the mutiny was quickly suppressed by Spanish reinforcements. The event was then used politically by Governor-General Izquierdo and Spanish friars to implicate nationalist priests Gomburza, who were later executed, fueling Filipino nationalism.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    39 views3 pages

    Lesson 3 Cavite Mutiny

    Uploaded by

    Jayrico Arguelles
    The 1872 Cavite Mutiny has two conflicting accounts - the Spanish version portrayed it as a planned conspiracy to overthrow Spanish rule, while the Filipino version saw it as a spontaneous mutiny in response to oppressive policies. Around 200 soldiers and laborers attacked Spanish officers at the Cavite arsenal, led by Sergeant Lamadrid, but the mutiny was quickly suppressed by Spanish reinforcements. The event was then used politically by Governor-General Izquierdo and Spanish friars to implicate nationalist priests Gomburza, who were later executed, fueling Filipino nationalism.

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    Lesson 3 Cavite Mutiny

    The Two Faces of the 1872 Cavite Mutiny


    by Chris Antonette Piedad-Pugay
    National Historical Commission of the Philippines

    MANY BELIEVED that one of the factors that ignited the Filipino sense of
    nationhood and eventually led to the Philippine Revolution in 1896 was the Cavite
    Mutiny. This event has been remarkable among Filipinos because it prompted to the
    martyrdom of Gomburza who were executed on February 17, 1872

    The 12th of June of every year since 1898 is a very important event for all the
    Filipinos. In this particular day, the entire Filipino nation as well as Filipino communities
    all over the world gathers to celebrate the Philippines’ Independence Day. 1898 came
    to be a very significant year for all of us – it is equally important as 1896 – the year
    when the Philippine Revolution broke out owing to the Filipinos’ desire to be free from
    the abuses of the Spanish colonial regime. But we should be reminded that another
    year is as historic as the two – 1872.

    Two major events happened in 1872, first was the 1872 Cavity Mutiny and the
    other was the martyrdom of the three martyr priests in the persons of Fathers Mariano
    Gomez, Jose Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora (GOMBURZA0. However, not all of us know
    that there were different accounts in reference to the said event. All Filipinos must
    know the different sides of the story – since this event led to another tragic yet
    meaningful part of our history – the execution of GOMBURZA which in effect a major
    factor in the awakening of nationalism among the Filipinos.

    a. Spanish Version: Planned Conspiracy

    Jose Montero y Vidal, a prolific Spanish historian documented the event and
    highlighted it as an attempt of the Indios to overthrow the Spanish government in the
    Philippines. Meanwhile, Gov. Gen. Rafael Izquierdo’s official report magnified the event
    and made use of it to implicate the native clergy, which was then active in the call for
    secularization. The two accounts complicated and corroborated with one another, only
    that the general’s report was more spiteful. Initially, both Montero and Izquierdo
    scored out that the abolition of the privileges by the workers of Cavite arsenal such as
    non-payment of tributes and exemption from force labor were the main reasons of the
    “revolution” as how they called it, however, other causes were enumerated by them
    including the Spanish Revolution which overthrew the secular throne, dirty
    propagandas proliferated by unrestrained press, democratic, liberal and republican
    books and pamphlets reaching the Philippines, and most importantly, the presence of
    the native clergy who out of animosity against the Spanish friars, “conspired and
    supported” the rebels and enemies of Spain.

    According to the accounts of the two, on 20 January 1872, the district of


    Sampaloc celebrated the feast of the Virgin of Loreto, unfortunately participants to the
    feast celebrated the occasion with the usual fireworks displays. Allegedly, those in
    Cavite mistook the fireworks as the sign for the attack, and just like what was agreed
    upon, the 200 – men contingent headed by Seargent Lamadrid launched an attack
    targeting Spanish officers at sight and seized the arsenal.

    When the news reached the iron-fisted Gov. Izquierdo, he readily ordered
    reinforcement of the Spanish forces in Cavite to quell the revolt. The “revolution” was
    easily crushed when the expected reinforcement from Manila did not come ashore.
    Major instigators including LaMadrid were killed in the skirmish, while the GOMBURZA
    were tried by a court-martial and were sentenced to die by strangulation.

    b. Filipino Version: A response to Injustice


    Dr. Trinidad Herminigildo Pardo de Tavera, a Filipino scholar and researcher,
    wrote the Filipino version of the bloody incident in Cavite. In his point of view, the
    incident was a mere mutiny by the native Filipino soldiers and laborers of the Cavite
    arsenal who turned out to be dissatisfied with the abolition of their privileges.
    Indirectly, Tavera blamed Gov. Izquierdo’s cold-blooded policies such as the abolition of
    privileges of the workers and native army members of the arsenal and the prohibition of
    the founding of school of arts and trades for the Filipinos which the general believed as
    a cover-up for the organization of a political club.

    On 20 January 1872, about 200 men comprised of soldiers, laborers of the


    arsenal, and residents of Cavite headed by Sergeant Lamadrid rose in arms and
    assassinated the commanding officer and Spanish officers in sight. The insurgents
    were expecting support from the bulk of the army unfortunately, that didn’t ha in
    Cavite. The news about the mutiny reached authorities in Manila and Gen. Izquierdo
    immediately ordered the reinforcement of Spanish troops in Cavite. After two days, the
    mutiny was officially declared subdued.

    Tavera believed that the Spanish friars and Izquierdo used the Cavite Mutiny as a
    powerful lever by magnifying it as a full-blown conspiracy involving not only the native
    army but also included residents of Cavite and Manila, and more importantly the native
    clergy to overthrow the Spanish government in the Philippines. It is noteworthy that
    during the time, the Central Government in Madrid announced its intention to deprive
    the friars of all the powers of intervention in matters of civil government and the
    direction and management of educational institutions. This turnout of events was
    believed by Tavera, prompted the friars to do something drastic in their dire sedire to
    maintain power in the Philippines.

    Let us check if you have


    understood the lesson,
    answer the exercises
    below.

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