JCA Python - Middle v. 2021 Lesson 01 Foxit

Lesson 1
INTRODUCTION
TO PYCHARM AND
DEBUGGER
Contents
Introduction to PyCharm................................................3
Debugger.......................................................................... 9
This lesson uses videos that have a PLAY icon over the
illustration. Click on it to watch the video.
For correct displaying the videos, we recommend opening the
lesson in the Foxit PDF Reader.
2
Introduction to PyCharm and Debugger
Introduction to PyCharm
So, you have installed PyCharm, a powerful IDE
(Integrated Development Environment).
This is a professional tool for much more convenient
work with code because it includes the following functions:
■■ text editor significantly increases the comfort of writing
code, and it highlights possible errors;
■■ library configuration automation allows you to install the
necessary libraries automatically;
■■ Debugger allows you to work with the program and identify
errors step by step.
Therefore, we will rather move on to project creation.
Click on the New Project button, and a window will
open like in Figure 1:
Figure 1
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Lesson 1
It would help if you chose the path where the project will
be stored. It would help if you chose the virtualenv (virtu-
al environment) in the New environment using item and
placed it in the project directory, naming venv or .venv.
As a Base interpreter, choose the one that PyCharm
suggests.
For lack of guidance, ask your instructor to set Python
working.
Remove the checkmark from the Create a main.py
welcome script item.
The settings window should look like in Figure 2:
Figure 2
After filling in all the items, press the Create button.
4
The created project is loaded, and we enter in the main de-

velopment window (Figure 3):
Figure 3
We see the project structure in the upper left part, where

there is only one directory with the name we set while the
virtual environment is created. This directory contains the
Python interpreter, which executes the code. But where did
it come from?
The fact is that the same Python interpreter was installed
on your system when setting up the software, and when cre-
ating the project, PyCharm took it as a basis and created a
copy, placing it inside the project (Figure 4).
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Lesson 1
Figure 4
And why are such complications needed if we can use

the system interpreter?
Each project uses different libraries; therefore, the num-
ber of libraries will go off the scale with many projects. Most
of them will not be needed for a particular project. Thus, the
virtual environments are created with local interpreters con-
taining libraries and modules required for the operation of a
specific project to preserve the purity of the system and the
project (Figure 5).
Right click on the project directory, and create a new one
Python File entitled the main.py (Video 1).
6
Figure 5
Video 1
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Lesson 1
The created file is opened, and you can work with it. The
window looks like in Figure 6:
Figure 6
Do you remember your first program that outputs the

string “Hello World!”? Let’s create a similar one in a
new software environment.
We will write in the central column a familiar command,
then right-click on a space, and select Run (Video 2).
Video 2
8
As you can see, a window with a console appeared, where

the result was displayed.
Debugger
We have recalled the first program, so let’s remember
the turtle graphics using the for loop, of course.
Erase everything and write the code to draw the wheel:
from turtle import *

shape("turtle")
pensize(8)
color("orange")
for i in range(10):
forward(100)
left(180)
forward(100)
left(180)
left(36)
penup()
right(90)
forward(100)
left(90)
color("brown")
pendown()
pensize(15)
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Lesson 1
You need to click on the green triangle in the upper right

corner to run the code (Figure 7).
Figure 7
We will get the result like in Video 3:
Video 3
You see, the turtle drew the wheel quickly and disap-
peared, making it impossible to know the result of the
10
work. In addition, the code is quite difficult to read, and we

would like to see how it works step by step. We will use the
Debugger for this.
But first, you need to put a breakpoint, from which we
will begin to implement the code step by step. As the turtle
starts to move in the for loop, we will set the breakpoint at
its beginning. Hover the cursor between the code and the
string number, and click the left mouse button.
See Video 4:
Video 4
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Lesson 1
You can start the Debugger by clicking on the beetle

icon in the upper right corner or through the context
menu invoked by right-clicking on an empty field of the file
(Figure 8).
Figure 8
A window with a turtle appeared (Figure 9).
Figure 9
At the same time, a debug window appeared in the

working window (Figure 10), where the process control is in
progress.
12
Figure 10
It is a powerful tool with many functions, but we need

only the ones shown in Figure 11:
Figure 11
13
Lesson 1
1 Stops the program.

2 By pressing this button, the program will continue to
run until the next stop point (Video 5).
Video 5
3 Re-starts the debugging process (see Video 6 on page

15).
4 Console, which displays the results of the program
during debugging.
5 Go to the next step in the code (Video 7).
6 The field where the values of the variables are displayed.
14
Video 6
Video 7
15
Lesson 1
Today we have got acquainted with the PyCharm, one of

the best Python IDEs, and we have learned how to create
virtual environments for our professional projects.
Also, we have got practical skills in debugging code us-
ing Debugger.
And we will use these powerful tools to create exciting
and entertaining programs in your following lessons.
16
17
Lesson 1
INTRODUCTION TO PYCHARM
AND DEBUGGER
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Lesson 1

After filling in all the items, press the Create button.

The created project is loaded, and we enter in the main de-

We see the project structure in the upper left part, where

And why are such complications needed if we can use

Do you remember your first program that outputs the

As you can see, a window with a console appeared, where

from turtle import *

You need to click on the green triangle in the upper right

We will get the result like in Video 3:

work. In addition, the code is quite difficult to read, and we

You can start the Debugger by clicking on the beetle

A window with a turtle appeared (Figure 9).

At the same time, a debug window appeared in the

It is a powerful tool with many functions, but we need

1 Stops the program.

3 Re-starts the debugging process (see Video 6 on page

Today we have got acquainted with the PyCharm, one of

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