a) Acknowledgements

I would like to thank the almighty God for granting me another day in my life as well as for the
life during my training periods plus the spiritual protection offered to me. THANK YOU,
LORD.

I whole heartedly appreciate the love, encouragements and financial support rendered to me by
may father Mr. Byiringiro Wilberforce and My mother Mrs. Tugumisirize Grace and my
mentor Mr. Anwar Sultan. May God bless you

In the same manner, I thank Uwera Emily, Musekura Christmass, Alisimira Bridget plus my
uncle Nelson Niringiyimana for who they have been to me while I was carrying out my training,
thank you so much. More so, great thanks go to one special person Miss. Musiimenta Charity for
not giving up on encouraging me, advising me, loving me and guiding me spiritually, she owes
me much. May the good Lord Bless her

Allow me thank the administration of KSL particularly the management of Kinyara Training
Centre in particular Mr. Ogwok Nelson Fred for giving me a training place in Kinyara sugar
limed

I also recognize the efforts of Busitema University department of AMI for making my stay at
Kinyara a success.

In a special way I thank the manager Agric and general services Mr. Tumwine Joseph, my
supervisors Mr Mukuru Collins, Yandu William, Oballim Joseph, Mapngire Nelson,
Chandiga Samwell, Ali, moses you made my training the best. You never got tired of my
questions but just encouraged me to keep asking more. The friendship we shared made me feel at
home. May the good lord bless you.

I recognize the work of my university supervisor Mr. Ashabahebwa Ambrose for the efforts he
input to make my training a success. Thank you so much.

I thank my fellow trainees Eggesa Emma mwoho, Atto Proscovia, Nabwire Annah, Kyesang
Calvin, Attim Mega, Kajjim Ian, Albert Myles, Adochi Bridget and Adong Peace for the team
work, love and cooperation developed that helped me go through my training Happy. May the
lord bless you all.

1|Page ALINDA BRIAN BU/UP/2017/139 I.T REPORT

 b) Dedication
I dedicate this book to my parents for their unending love and support they showed to me during my
training period at Kinyara Sugar limited.
 c) Declaration
I Alinda Brian declare that the information in this industrial training report is out of my own
personal efforts under the guidance of KSL staff and it has never been presented to any higher
institution of learning for any award.

Name……………………………………………………………………………….

Signature……………………………………………………………………………

Date…………………………………………………………………………………

3|Page ALINDA BRIAN BU/UP/2017/139 I.T REPORT

 d) Approval
This is certifying that ALINDA BRIAN carried out industrial training at Kinyara Sugar
Limited (KSL) from 28th/05/2019 to 2nd/08/2019 and what is reported is true and ready for
submission to Busitema University, Faculty of Engineering, department of Agricultural
Mechanization and Irrigation Engineering.

Training supervisor.

Name……………………………………. Signature…………………………Date……………….

Agriculture and general services manager.

Name……………………………………. Signature…………………………Date……………….

Official seal/stamp……………………………………………………………

Staff development manager.

Name……………………………………. Signature…………………………Date……………….

Official seal/stamp……………………………………………………………….

Busitema University supervisor.

Name……………………………………. Signature…………………………Date……………….
 e) Abstract.
My industrial training report explains the development of practical and professional skills
majorly in the agricultural and general services section and any other section in the cane
development and agriculture department and any other departments in Kinyara Sugar Limited.

Chapter one:

This consists of the background of the industrial training, objectives of the industrial training,
company’s profile, mission, core values, structure and organizational chart of KSL and major
activities.

Chapter two:

This contains the training schedule, types of assignments, duties and responsibilities and
equipment used, and level of accomplishment.

Chapter three:

This consists of new concepts and knowledge attained during my training, relationship with other
company staff, challenges/problems encountered and how they were solved and major benefits
derived from industrial training.

Chapter four:

This contains the conclusion, recommendations,

Chapter five

This consists references

Chapter six

This consists of appendices.

5|Page ALINDA BRIAN BU/UP/2017/139 I.T REPORT

 f) Table of contents

Contents
1 Introduction.......................................................................................................................................12

1.1 Back ground of the industrial training.......................................................................................12

1.2 Objectives of the industrial training...........................................................................................12

1.2.1 Main objective...................................................................................................................12

1.2.2 Specific objective...............................................................................................................12

1.2.3 Significance of industrial training.......................................................................................12

1.3 Company’s profile. (Kinyara Sugar Limited)...............................................................................12

1.3.1 Location.............................................................................................................................12

1.3.2 Background of the company..............................................................................................13

1.3.3 Mission...............................................................................................................................14

1.3.4 Core values........................................................................................................................14

1.3.5 Structure and organization chart of the company.............................................................15

1.3.6 Major activities done.........................................................................................................16

2 Work done during training................................................................................................................16

2.1 Training schedules.....................................................................................................................16

2.2 Type of assignments..................................................................................................................16

2.3 Duties and responsibilities.........................................................................................................17

2.3.1 Week one: orientation.......................................................................................................17

2.3.2 Related engineering terms.................................................................................................18

2.3.3 SURVEYING AND SATE LIGHT ESTATE................................................................................19

2.3.4 LIGHT TRACTORS SECTION (WEEK 3 AND 4)......................................................................24

2.3.5 ROADS SECTION (WEEK 5).................................................................................................26

2.3.6 HEAVY PLANT SECTION (WEEK 6 and 7).............................................................................27

2.3.7 AGRICULTURE WORKSHOP DEPARTMENT.........................................................................29

 2.3.8 FACTORY............................................................................................................................35

2.4 Level of accomplishments of duties...........................................................................................40

3 Experiences and lessons learnt from industrial training....................................................................40

3.1 New concepts and knowledge attained in each duty undertaken.............................................40

3.2 Relationship with other company staff......................................................................................40

3.3 Problems/challenges encountered and how they were handled..............................................41

3.4 Benefits derived from the industrial training.............................................................................41

4 Conclusion and recommendation......................................................................................................41

4.1 Conclusion.................................................................................................................................41

4.2 Recommendations.....................................................................................................................41

5 References.........................................................................................................................................42

6 Appendices........................................................................................................................................42

6.1 Light plants................................................................................................................................42

6.2 Heavy plants..............................................................................................................................43

6.3 Roads section.............................................................................................................................44

7|Page ALINDA BRIAN BU/UP/2017/139 I.T REPORT

 g) List of figures
Figure 2.3.3.2.3 shows an electric total station..........................................................................................22
Figure 3 shows the sugar cane processing flow chart...........................................................................35
List of figures

figure 6.1 shows a 4WD Tractor covering cane sets..................................................................................33

figure 6.2 shows a tractor cultivating the inter –rows................................................................................33
figure 6.3 shows bell loader loading seed cane..........................................................................................33
figure 6.5 a tractor slashing in the field.....................................................................................................33
figure 6.6 labor coaches for labor transport...............................................................................................34
figure 6.7 shows a bull dozer attached on a Rome plough.........................................................................34
figure 6.8 Ploughing using the reversible plough......................................................................................34
figure 6.9 Heavy Tractors attached to Rome harrow.................................................................................34
figure 6.10 Tractor attached to Ripper cum Furrower in operation............................................................34
figure 6.11 Ripper cum Furrower Implement............................................................................................34
figure 6.12 shows a grader re-shaping a road............................................................................................35

9|Page ALINDA BRIAN BU/UP/2017/139 I.T REPORT

 h) List of tables
Table 1: Table Showing My training Schedules....................................................................................16
Table 2 shows the type of implement and the work it performs...........................................................25
 i) List of abbreviations
GPS Global Positioning System

LSS Land Surveying System

KSL Kinyara Sugar Limited

TDR Terrace Drains

AMI Agricultural Mechanization and Irrigation engineering

Dep’t Development

w/shop workshop

11 | P a g e ALINDA BRIAN BU/UP/2017/139 I.T REPORT

CHAPTER ONE

1 Introduction
1.1 Back ground of the industrial training.
The industrial training is carried out after the second semester of every academic year for
Busitema University and this is done in companies and industries in which the students have
been given placements. Busitema University schedules the industrial training to run for a period
of ten weeks for its students who are expected to fill in their log books the activities and
operations which they do and also present a final report to the University at the end of the
training period.

1.2 Objectives of the industrial training.

1.2.1 Main objective
 To enable students, apply theoretical knowledge acquired in class in solving real
problems.
 To enable students, understand work ethics, employment demands and opportunities.
 To establish and strengthen linkages between Busitema University and the industries

1.2.2 Specific objective

 To equip students with practical and professional skills in their fields of study.
 To teach students the code of conduct at work places and how to relate with other staff.
 To expose students to new technologies and increase their innovative ability.
1.2.3 Significance of industrial training
The training exposes students to the acquisition of practical and professional knowledge and
skills through physical manipulation of tools, machines and equipment at the place of industrial
training which helps to build on their theoretical knowledge and skills obtained in classes.
1.3 Company’s profile. (Kinyara Sugar Limited)
1.3.1 Location
Kinyara Sugar Limited is located in the town of Kinyara in Masindi district in the Western
region of Uganda. Kinyara is approximately twenty kilometers, by road west of Masindi town,
the nearest large town and the location of the district headquarters. This location is
approximately two hundred eight kilometers, by road north-west of Kampala, the capital and
largest city of Uganda. Head office and factory are located at; Plot no. 31 Block 9 and 10
Bujenje, Masindi. P.O. Box,
179 Masindi, Uganda. Tel. (256362)600200 Fax (256362)600211. Website; www.kinyara.co.ug
Kampala office is located at; Plot no. 91 First street industrial area opposite Club silk and near
new vision office Kampala, Uganda. Tel. 256(414)236382/235624/347385.

1.3.2 Background of the company.

The idea to build a company in this area was attained around 1964, where most of the cane was
supposed to be grown by the out-growers to uplift the standards of rural areas around. The initial
feasibility study and inventions were carried out in 1968 when it was confirmed that the site was
suitable for sugar cane production and growth. This occurred after testing the soil type in the area
which was found to be suitable. The Uganda government was to finance the project 100%, the
management was to be provided by MEHTA group which had an operational sugar factory at
Lugazi and machinery was to be supplied by the Walchandnager industries Limited based in
India. A company called National sugar works was registered in 1970 which was followed by
recruitment of staff, and some staff were sent to India for professional training in sugar
technology in 1971. The late former president Idi Amin declared the so called “Economic war”
in August 1972 which disrupted the development of the project. This was because the Asian
managers were forced to leave abruptly leaving the company in the hands of the civil servants
who were mainly agriculturalists and did not have any experience in sugar industry. The project
got considerably delayed and later started with a lot of problems; under-funding and labor
shortage due to low wages but eventually was commissioned into production by 1976. Mis-
management of the company and political wars led to fleeing of the trained staff until when the
project was forced to stop in 1984. During the eight years of operation, only 12354 tons of sugar
were produced by the company less than that of the three months of annual rate produced. With
technical assistance from Booker agricultural, internal cane development started around 1988.
Booker Tale limited was appointed to manage the new company KSWL that succeeded the old
National sugar works limited around 1990. The president of the republic of Uganda His
Excellence Yoweri Kaguta Museveni officially opened the factory on 26th March 1996. The
three phases of the factory have been completed bringing the capacity of the sugar factory to

13 | P a g e ALINDA BRIAN BU/UP/2017/139 I.T REPORT

producing 4500 tons of cane per day instead of 1500 tons of cane which were being crushed
originally with production of 2500 tons of sugar per day.

The company is now called Kinyara Sugar Limited (KSL) and is a private company whose
main shareholders is the RAI group of companies; thus, the company is a member of RAI group
of companies. The major role of the company is to manufacture sugar from sugar cane and
electricity which is produced from bagasse.
1.3.3 Mission
KSL is a concerned and caring company devoted to the creation of wealth for its shareholders
and the Uganda economy through the production of sugar and its by-products to meet the needs
of its customers.

1.3.4 Core values

Kinyara bases its managerial policies, decisions and actions on a set of fundamental principles
and values which are listed below;

 Determination to achieve consistently outstanding results.

 Be proud of the quality of its results and the people who achieve them.
 The provision of employees with the authority and information necessary to do their jobs.
 Succeed because of a swift movement, to confront problem areas using appropriate
techniques to find lasting solutions.
 1.3.5 Structure and organization chart of the company.

Board of Directors

Executive Director

General Manager

Human Cane Store &

factory w/shop finance marketing legal Agriculture
Resource Dev’t materials

Agronomy Agric engineering Field

surveying Roads Heavy plants Light tractors

15 | P a g e ALINDA BRIAN BU/UP/2017/139 I.T REPORT

1.3.6 Major activities done
o Land development.
o Land preparation.
o Cane development.
o Cane crushing.
o Repair and machining.
o Transportation.

CHAPTER TWO

2 Work done during training

2.1 Training schedules
DATES: DEPARTMENT:
28th May 2019 To 2nd June 2019 Orientation
2nd June 2019 To 16th June 2019 Surveying (Sate Light Estate)
16th June 2019 To 23rd June 2019 Light tractors Section
23rd June 2019 To 1st July 2019 Roads section
1st July 2019 To 15th July 2019 Heavy Plants section
15th July 2019 To 22nd July 2019 Agriculture Workshop
22nd July 2019 To 25th July 2019 Sugar Factory

Table 1: Table Showing My training Schedules

2.2 Type of assignments

Below are the assignments I did.

 Setting a master line

 Operating tractors
 Greasing implements
 Supervising field operations
 Using the GPS and downloading the way points
2.3 Duties and responsibilities
 Grading; I did road grading at the C-round about on the 26/06/2109 using a 140K grader.
 Transporting seed cane; I transported seed cane from Musoma19 to Rubona.
 Bleeding machines; I was given a task of bleeding a 4WD Mahindra tractor because it had failed
to start.
 Surveying using a GPS in sate light estates
 Boosting: I was given a task to start a tractor which had failed to start due to low battery

N.B. the activities stated or explained in this report were all duties and responsibilities that I was assigned
too after being taught or trained on ho they are carried out.

2.3.1 Week one: orientation

2.3.1.1 Study about tractor (farm) implements and their principles of operation.
 Reversible square mold board plough: This is farm implement that is used for
first ploughing. It operates by the principle of sliding i.e. it cuts the soil slices by
means sliding motion.
 Water bowser: is a tank like implement that is used to transport water from place
to place. In the same class of bowsers, there are chemical bowsers that transport
chemicals to fields.
 Plough carrier: This is an implement that is used to transport ploughs to the
field.
 Subsoiler (ripper): also known as a cam furrower.
 Coverer: used to cover seed cane
 Chess pull emptier: for emptying sewage and septic tanks
 Low bed: is an implement used to transfer heavy plants or machines from one
field to the other or from yard to the field.
 Ridger (fallower): helps making ridges or furrows.
 Inter row cultivator: is used for weeding, breaking hard soil pans, removing old
roots for proper shooting of new.
 Disc hallows: for secondary tillage or pulverization (breaking soil slices into finer
particles)

17 | P a g e ALINDA BRIAN BU/UP/2017/139 I.T REPORT

  Rome hallows: Discs are facing in different directions for more disturbance of
the soil slices for perfect pulverization
 Gangs: These are shafts onto which discs are attached.
 Rome plough: is used on a bull dozer or any crawler tractor to break hard soil
pans.
 Depth wheel: helps in determining the depth or how far the discs can go into the
soil.

2.3.2 Related engineering terms.

 Disc notching: this is the design for good cutting of soil particles.
 Mobilization: the movement of farm implements from one place to another.
 Tracking: Is the transportation of machinery from one field to another.
 Land development: means making the virgin land ready for and intended purpose.
 Wheel formula: At Kinyara Sugar Works Limited the most common tractors are
Mahindra 9200 4wd And Mahindra 800 2wd, Massey Ferguson, New Holland, John
Deer, Ford, to mention but a few. The wheel formula defines the number of wheels that
pick drive from the engine. On most machines a symbol 4WD or 2WD is indicating the
wheel formula. For instance, 4WD implies 4-wheel drive meaning that all the four wheels
pick drive, whereas 2WD is a 2-wheel drive meaning that only 2 wheels pick drive.
 Plant crop: this is a newly growing or germinated cane plant

2.3.2.1 A study about the tractor levers.

We also looked at some of the control levers of the tractor, these include the Draft control lever
DC that helps the operator to determine the speed at which the tractor can lift or lower
implements, the Position Control lever PC that enables the operator lift or lower implements, the
Tipping lever that enables the operator lift or lower the tipper, the gear lever that the operator
uses to engage and disengage gears to mention but a few.

2.3.2.2 Daily maintenance practices.

During the course of our training, we looked at the maintenance practices that are a mandatory
before an operator starts the tractor or mounts the implements for work. These include, checking
all the bolts. When they are loose, tighten them and replace the broken ones with new ones.
Clean implements and tools after and before work, checking oil levels where hydraulic or engine
oils, top-up when its below the level. Check the tire pressures, lubricate the implements daily
using oil or grease. These practices can enable your machine to efficiently complete tasks and
increases its shelf life.

WEEK TWO:

2.3.3 SURVEYING AND SATE LIGHT ESTATE

Definition of surveying

Land Surveying is defined as “taking a general view of, by observation and measurement
determining the boundaries, size, position, quantity, condition, value etc. of land, estates,
building, farms mines etc. and finally presenting the survey data in a suitable form”.

2.3.3.1 Guidelines in conducting a survey

It is always very bad to have things learnt incorrectly, as it may be very difficult and expensive
to have them correctly. There should always be some guidelines to ensure success in field survey
work. These are:

 Equipment:

For a good survey to be done, one must know beforehand what he/she is supposed to do and
using the best method applicable. He/she should have all working equipment.

 Working from whole to part:

The main frame of the job must be carried out first and specific details included on the main
frame (never do the reverse). Note: there is far less error incurred when a large area is divided
into smaller units than when small units are surveyed independently and an attempt is made to
join them together to form the large area.

 Checks

Checks should be arranged on all measurements where possible. It is a very bad practice to turn
to the field to take more measurements because things do not tie in on the drawing board. Note:
Returning to the field is expensive, frustrating and time wasting.

 Field notes:

19 | P a g e ALINDA BRIAN BU/UP/2017/139 I.T REPORT

This must be clear and complete. Never trust memory. Survey drawing may be done by a
draughtsman who was not involved in the physical field survey; therefore, all information must
be on the survey notes and not in someone else’s head.

 Honesty:

Honesty is very important right from filed booking to office calculations and plotting. People
will have trust on your results and base their work on it, so never betray the trust and you can
only be trust worthy by being honesty.

 Concentration and care:

In order that all the necessary surveys are taken to the required standard and accuracy, and that
nothing is omitted, concentration and care must be maintained.

 Drawing:

Draughtsman ship should be of the highest order, both in the field notes and the final office
plotting. All necessary information vital for future reference must be included e.g. drawing scale,
unit used, a north direction, map reference, the date, surveyor’s name, draughtsman’s name, the
drawing number, etc.

2.3.3.2 Units of measurement.

Where possible, the system international (SI) unit must be used, although other widely accepted
units must also be taken into account.

Units of length:

mm, m, km, inches, feet, yards, miles.

Relationships:

1 km=1,000 m=1,000,000 mm

1 inch=25.40 mm

1 foot=0.30480 m

1 yard=0.91440 m
 1 mile=1.60934 km

Units of area

Sq. m, sq. km, hectare, decimal, acre, sq. mile

Relationships:

2
1 km 2=1,000,000 m
2
1 sq .mile =2.58999 k m
2
1 hectare=10,000 m

1 hectare=2.47105 acres

1 acre=100 decimals

2
1 decimal=40.4686 m

2.3.3.3 Tools used

Figure 2 shows stands(legs) of a

dumpy level

Figure 2.3.3.3.1 shows parts of a

dumpy level

Figure 1.3.3.2.3 shows an electric total station

2.3.3.4 Types surveying

 Bush surveying

21 | P a g e ALINDA BRIAN BU/UP/2017/139 I.T REPORT

This is the type of surveying that is done on an un developed land. As the name suggests, we
surveyed the bush to set blocks where blocks would be set.

 Final surveying

Final surveying is done when land is ready for development.

Tasks done during

 Master lining

A master line is the line set in the field to guide operators while farrowing and at the same time it
is set as an erosion control measure.

While in the field, we used a tape measure, pegs and reflectors to set a master line KINUMI
estate block 15 and KIBAMBA estates.

1. We measured 10m away from the road and marked the first point using a peg.
2. Continuously, another peg is set in the same line such that the two peg points align.
3. The second procedure was repeated until the master line is achieved.

N.B. in KINUMI, the master line was achieved by using observation method because the land
was quite flat while in KIBAMBA we used a dumpy level together with the staff to attain a clear
master line because the lain terrain was sloppy and so a contour was achieved.

 Road measuring.

We measured the length and width in NGANGA (KIJENGA) using the GPS. This was achieved
by surveying the marked points using a GPS and then later this data was transferred to the
computer as explained below. In the same aspect, on the 10/06/2019 we went to KITABOHA to
survey the un ploughed land using the GPS. So, every detailed step taken is outlined below.

2.3.3.5 Procedures of using the GPS utility and the land surveying system software and
determining the area of the surveyed field.
Using the GPS and the GPS utility.
As stated before, a GPS is a surveying equipment used in field to collect row data. As a surveyor,
after having collected data from the field downloads the data and later transfers it to the land
surveying system (LSS) software using the procedures stated.

 Connect the GPS to the computer using the GPS universal serial bus cable

 Select download to initiate the downloading process.

 From the dialogue box, select waypoints (shows eastings, northings, and altitude)

 Then click save to keep the downloaded data

 The data will then be saved in the GPS utility

 Take for instance, on the 10/06/2019, we went to survey fields in KITABOHA 31 AND
32, when we came back to the office, I was taken through the above procedures and I
saved the work as BRIAN019.

2.3.3.6 Transferring to the LSS (Land Surveying System) software

 Open the LSS software on the computer desktop

 A dialogue box will be displayed, click create a file and select open

 select input, then convert from, and later choose XYZ file, OK

 click on browse, program files, open

 files will be displayed and the select GPS utility directory from them and open it

 GPS saved files will be displayed and select file of your choice for example BRIAN019,
click open and then OK

 Load LSS files and click next.

 Select XYZ description file and browse.

 Click XYZLSSABXDF, next and ok

23 | P a g e ALINDA BRIAN BU/UP/2017/139 I.T REPORT

At this point as a surveyor you select link codes of your choice. In this case link codes keep
joining the surveyed points. For instance, code F stands for fence, B for building, G for gate, EG
for edge grass to mention but a few.

For our case we selected EG because we were surveying land.

 Select link code, click ok, ok, no save, ok, save, ok, save and load, next, continue. With
those procedures, a well surveyed area will be displayed on the desktop.

Determining the area

Determining the area is automatically done by the computer using the procedures below.

 After your area has been displayed in the LSS,

 Select edit, surface, enclosure, and click inside the surveyed piece and it will be
highlighted.

 To select the units of measurement, select configure, survey, hectares and click ok.

 Select edit, derived text, surface, plane area, decimal places, next, name pretext and post
text

 Saved my work

2.3.4 LIGHT TRACTORS SECTION (WEEK 3 AND 4)

These tractors are used for Furrowing, Inter-row cultivation, covering seed cane, Cesspool
emptying, and transporting fuel in bowser to machines that stay out in the field, Slashing,
bagasse transport, seed cane loading and offloading.

2.3.4.1 Furrowing
This is the making of the furrows in the soil to a depth of 20cm to 25cm for seed cane planting.
The standard furrow spacing on both the Nucleus Estate, state light estate and Out growers is 1.5
meters apart. The spacing between the furrows is maintained while furrowing by use of markers
that are fixed in front of the furrowing tractor. The implements used are the mold board ridger
and the furrower. Before furrowing, one should put the following into considerations, the terrain
of the soil and the nature of the field. Furrows must follow the contours of the field to control
soil erosion and a master line must be followed.
2.3.4.2 Seed cane covering
Covering of cane setts is done by use of disc ridgers, (Rome and Simba type of disc ridgers). The
tractor has to travel on the inter row ridges so as to allow the disc ridgers to throw soil onto the
cane setts. See figure 6.1 in appendices

2.3.4.3 Inter-row cultivation

Inter row cultivation is carried out to control weeds, break up the soil surface so as to allow for
water penetration, and in case of ratoons crops, it helps in breaking of old roots, thus
encouraging new roots to grow and anchor the crop. See figure 6.2 in appendices

2.3.4.4 Slashing
Slashing of all the inter block and boundary roads, including the township is done on a regular
basis so as to reduce the grass height. Inter block roads, waterways and terrace drains are all
grassed in order to reduce on soil erosion which can form gullies. See figure 6.5 in appendices

Table 2 shows the type of implement and the work it performs

IMPLEMENT WORK IT PERFOMS
Mold board ridger Furrowing
Disc ridger Seed cane covering
Inter- row cultivator Inter-row cultivating and weeding
Slasher Slashing
Bell loader Cane loading
Muck spreader Fertilizer application
Tipping tractors Transporting seed cane
Labor coaches Transporting labor

2.3.5 ROADS SECTION (WEEK 5)

This section is responsible for firefighting using graders and water bowser, the construction and
maintenance of the existing roads on the Estate, out growers, sate light estate construction and
maintenance of water conservation structures such as terrace drains, building of culverts, and
side drains. Road maintenance is done by re-building the cumber and re-surfacing (using
marram), roads that are out of shape (cumbering). Other activities include burrow pit filling,
post-harvest inter block road grading, post planting inter block road grading, marram fills on
culvert crossings during construction of culverts. Another important aspect in the section is drain
maintenance which includes terrace drains, waterways, offshoots and trash raking in order to
keep the roads clean of any debris (trash).

25 | P a g e ALINDA BRIAN BU/UP/2017/139 I.T REPORT

Machines under this section are; bull dozers, excavators, graders, wheel loaders, compactors,
tipping lories, and water tanks.

Parts of a grader

 Rippers for breaking hard soil pan.

 Lifting and lowering cylinders
 Turning table
 Circle drive
 Grading blade

Each of the part mentioned above is controlled by a different lever that we practically did during
road re- surfacing and anthill destruction.

Estate road maintenance is carried out routinely due to the flow of heavy cane haulage and other
traffic on the haulage roads. After establishing a road, the types of maintenance are: -

2.3.5.1 Re-surfacing.
This method involves putting a layer of marram on the dilapidated road due to erosion or
having deep surface corrugations on the road, and then vibe- rolling the marram, spread by a
grader. Of course, the cumber has to be formed so that during rains, no water stagnates onto
the road surface.

2.3.5.2 Re shaping
Re shaping is done especially when the road ‘’dishes’’ in. It is normally done on spots that
are out of shape(cumber). Re shaping is also done during re surfacing just to get the right
cumber.

2.3.5.3 Side drains/Offshoots.

These are put at intervals on the road sides so as to lead off water from the edges of the road.
The spacing depends on the gradient of the road. The steeper the gradient the closer the side
drains.
 During our training schedules, road re-surfacing was done along the main road at the C-
roundabout using grader plant number 00-012 under the instructions of Mr. Waman James
who instructed me on how to use the Grader Levers

Later on, another day, anthill destruction was done in terera block 20, 22, 23 and 24

2.3.6 HEAVY PLANT SECTION (WEEK 6 and 7)

This section deals in land development both on the Nucleus Estate, out growers and sate light
estate, by use of Bulldozers, and Heavy 160hp tractors. The major operations carried out are as
follows:

2.3.6.1 Ripper cum Furrowing

Current System:

1. First, we plough with 160 HP tractor attached with Non-Reversible M.B Plough or
Reversible M.B Plough,
2. After ploughing, we go for harrowing using 160HP tractor with Baldan or Rome
Harrow,
3. After harrowing 90 HP tractor is used for furrowing.
4. For doing this operation, we are using three tractors, three operators for nearly one
week.
Advantages of using Ripper cum Furrower:

 Saving of time: ripping and furrowing done at once.

 We can plant more area under cane using limited rainfall before the moisture dries,
 Saving of Human workforce (operator): only one operator is used for doing this
operation. Compared to the present system where three operators are used on three
different machines.
 Saving Plants: only one tractor is used for doing this operation whereas the present
system uses three tractors.
 Diesel saving:    It saves diesel. Only 16-17 liters of diesel /ha.  Compared with present
system that consumes 51-68 liters/ha.    As illustrated in the table below.

27 | P a g e ALINDA BRIAN BU/UP/2017/139 I.T REPORT

2.3.6.2 Harrowing in wara 8:
This operation was done to pulverize soil in field after second ploughing. It’s done to make soil
particles finer using disc harrows. The disc consists 45-55cm diameter discs, 5cm diameter shaft,
10cm diameter spacers attached on the frame. The discs cut into the soil to pulverize the soil
clods. The degree of aggression is determined by the gang angle relative to the angle and the
forward travel. The greater the gang angle the greater the pulverization. The implement works
well in dry soils and at a moderate forward travel. The front and rare gangs face in alternate
directions for further pulverization of soil

2.3.6.3 Field supervision:

This operation is usually done by mechanization supervisors at the beginning of every working
day from 8:00am to 2:00pm to ensure that smooth and clear work is done in the field. I went to
the field to supervise and I was told that a well ploughed field is one that has well inverted soil
clods, minimum dead plough and good dead plough while a good harrowed field should have
finer soils with no clods and a good furrowed field should have a spacing of 1.5metres and 20-
25cm deep furrows. This operation was done in wara 8, rubona 7, and isagara 35 for inter-row
cultivation.

2.3.6.4 Trash lining:

This operation is done in the fields to create much area for weeding. This is done in cane filed or
cabe harvested land. Weeding is done both mechanically and manually but majorly trash lining is
done to favor mechanical weeding trash lining has levels as explained below.

Level1: this is done in plant crop fields where there is no trash completely, 100% area is easy for
weeding.

Level 2: for burnt cane fields 80% area for weeding and 20% area under trash.

Level 3: has four lines clear for weeding and two lines under trash i.e. 67% weeding area 33%
areas under trash.

Level 4: has two lines under trash and two lines of clear weeding area i.e. 50% weeding area and
50% area under trash.

Level 5: this level is a reverse of level three.

2.3.6.5 Stool eradication:
This operation is done to eliminate volunteer cane or unwanted cane (Malaya cane) from the
fields. Its is categorized into two; mechanical and chemical stool eradication. Mechanical stool
eradication is done using harrows and a rotavator while chemical stool eradication is done using
chemicals such as glyphosate. It is advantageous in a way that it minimizes Malaya canes,
chemical stool eradication reduces the rate at which weeds grow, chemical stool eradication also
softens soils which in turn eases implement penetration into the soil.

2.3.6.6 Soil leveling

2.3.6.7 Field Compaction
2.3.7 AGRICULTURE WORKSHOP DEPARTMENT
2.3.7.1 Introduction to tractor servicing
Servicing refers to a set of activities carried out at specified time intervals in order to achieve
the designed in reliability of the item.

 It helps to increase the working period of a machinery

 It also increases on the efficiency of a machine by reducing wear

 It increases the uptime of a machine. Uptime is when the machine is available to perform its
intended work

Its categorized into two, namely; major and minor servicing

Minor servicing This service is done on any machine after it has worked for 50 hours and
250 hours. A 50 hours service is curried out on machines after they have worked for a period of
50 hours. It is done to prevent the effect that may arise due to wearing of machine parts as it gets
used to the different operations. This may include cleaning the air cleaners, checking the Tyre
pressures and others. A 250 hours is a kind of tractor service done after every one month (30
days). It is also known as routine monthly service and it may include changing engine oil, oil
filters and others

Major servicing This is kind of servicing carried out after 1000 operating hours and it
involves the following operations; Greasing the bearings and turning cable., Changing air
cleaners, changing engine and transmission filters and many others.

29 | P a g e ALINDA BRIAN BU/UP/2017/139 I.T REPORT

During our study, we serviced a Mahindra 92004WD tractor and below are the procedures we
followed

The tractor was parked on the leveled ground and the engine left to cool in order to allow
the oil settle in the engine oil sump.
The bonnet was opened in order to remove the air cleaner and it was taken to the air
compressor in order to remove all the dust particles from its fins.
The transmission oil filters, engine oil and fuel filters were replaced with new ones. They
were opened using a filter strap.
The drain plug was opened using a fixed spanner of size 19mm in order to drain all the
engine oil into the container. The new engine oil was topped up (Rubbia 15W40)
Topped up the transmission oil and the steering oil.
Checked the level of the coolant in the radiator and we topped up to the required level.
The tires were jerked up and checked their end play and then greased the bearing holding
the axle shaft on the trumpet housing.
Checking of the brakes, accelerator cable, engine stopper cable, wear of on the fan belt
and any leakages after starting the engine was done.

2.3.7.2 Tyre rethreading

This is a section under heavy plants that deals with retreading worn out tires. They rethread both
big and small tires. While rethreading tires, there are two processes that are under taken that is to
say; the cold process using the pressure chamber and the hot process using the molls.

Below are Tyre sizes that are rethreaded at Kinyara, 750R16, 900R16, 10R16, 10R20,
12R20,11R22.5 GRADER tires 13R24, 14R24, 20R24 and TRACTOR tires 18.4R34, 18.4R30.

SMALL TYRES IN A COLD PROCESS

To rethread tires, the following materials are needed

 Buffer machine, Solution, Parachute, Envelope, Covering bag(tube), A rim, Chamber, Labor,
Electricity, Tyre, Rubber, Cushion gum, Stitches, Stapling machine.
 Below are the procedures
 Get the tyre and mount it on the buffering machine so as the worn-out threads can be cut
off properly using a thread cutter
  Transfer the tyre to buffer and make its smooth surface rough
 Apply a solution i.e. a mixture of petrol and rubber by painting and leave it to dry for
4hours
 After the solution has well dried up, cushion gum is the put on the tyre and stitched very
well and the cushion gum cover peeled off
 Then after the cushion gum, then put a rubber and make it firm by stapling
 Dress the tyre with a parachute that maintains heat, and also put an envelope that
maintains pressure and after that put the pressure tube inside the tyre and then a rim.
 Put the tyre in the chamber that is at a temperature of 120 degrees Celsius shown on the
digital timing. And let it stay in the chamber for 4hours.
 Remove your tyre and it will be looking like a brand new tyre
RETHREADING BIG TYRES USING THE HOT PROCESS
 Processes 1-5 mentioned in the cold process above are also done first under the hot
process.
 Put you Tyre to the tyre changer to put the tube and the rim
 Put the tyre into the moll that uses hot steam and leave it to stay for 5 ½ hrs.
 Remove the pressure and remove the tyre form the moll using a crane and add pressure
again and leave your tyre to cool down, the remove the pressure, rim and tube and your
tyre will be ready for use like a brand new one

2.3.7.3 Haulage section

This deals with repair and maintenance of all machines/plants that are used in transporting sugar
cane from the fields to the factory for crushing, transporting seed cane from the seed treatment
yard to plantations and those used in loading sugar canes in tractor trailers. The machines include
John Deere tractors, TS90 New Holland tractors, cane loaders and off loaders and winches.
Winches are used to pull stuck tractors from the field during bad weather conditions. Under this
section I managed to take part in the following activities; Overhaul of a differential unit for a
john Deere tractor, the differential unit is a very special mechanism designed to feed the engine’s
torque to the driving wheels. It is where the engine torque goes through its last gearing
mechanism before spinning the wheels.

The differential is an arrangement of gears with the following functions:

31 | P a g e ALINDA BRIAN BU/UP/2017/139 I.T REPORT

  To change the direction of the drive to right angles so that power is transmitted to the rear
wheels.
 To adjust the speed of the drive even further so that the operator works at a slower speed
than the engine speed.
 On turns, it allows the inner side drive wheel to move slower than the outer wheel
The principle of operation of a differential unit. The meshing of the small pinion gear
with the larger crown wheel provides a speed reduction and also provides a 90 0 change in shaft
direction. The differential carrier is attached to the crown wheel and is forced to rotate with it.
Each of the two axles is attached to a bevel gear (side gear), and both side gears mesh with one
or more differential bevel pinions (planetary gears). When the tractor is traveling straight ahead
on a uniform surface, both the wheels have equal traction and thus the differential bevel pinions
do not rotate on their carrier shafts since the input force of these gears is divided equally between
the two side gears. So, both side gears rotate at the same speed. In a turn, however, the
differential pinions rotate and allow one side gear to rotate faster than the other. Thus, the drive
wheels can rotate at different speeds. The differential bevel pinions are not able to exert more
torque on one side gear than on the other; therefore, the torque in both axles must be equal.
The following are the Procedures which were taken to overhaul the differential
unit and to solve the problem i.e. A John Deere tractor was brought in a workshop with
abnormal noise in the differential unit and also poor braking.
 The tractor was parked on the leveled ground and the rear wheels were chocked in order
to prevent the tractor from moving while repairing it
 The transmission oil was drained by opening the drain plug using the sliding handle.
 All the bolts holding the rear wheels were slackened and the tractor was supported with
jerks to prevent the tires from moving during repair.
 The wheels were removed and placed on a flat surface with no sharp objects to prevent
them from being damaged.
 The bolts holding the hitching bracket were loosened and removed by using a crane
 The canopy was then removed in order to allow safe removal of the trumpet housing.
 The hitching bracket was removed to enable access to the trumpet housing bolts.
  The trumpet housing bolts were opened using spanner size 24mm and by help of a crane,
the trumpet housings were removed from the tractor in order to give access to the
differential unit.
 The differential unit was then removed and overhauled and general examination was
done on the sun gear, planetary gears and its carrier for any damage and the crown wheel
and pinion gear for any defect. It is recommended to replace the whole assembly if any
sign of damage is shown on either crown or pinion for proper meshing
 The braking system for this tractor was also overhauled by removing the following parts:
The stationary brake drum, friction brake disc, plane discs and the expander.
Observation
It was found out that the spider shaft onto which the planetary gears rotate, was worn out which
could cause an abnormal noise.
The friction brake disc splines were worn out which could make these discs to slip over the axle
half shaft splines whenever the brake pedal would be pressed leading to poor braking.
Remedy
 The braking system was assembled after replacing the worn-out fiction discs with new ones
 The worn-out planetary gears and their spider shaft were also replaced with new ones.

2.3.7.4 Overhauling a john Deere tractor engine.

Overhauling is the process of disassembling and removing the engine components, clean inspect
and replace the worn-out parts where necessary.

The John Deere tractor was overhauled because of the following reasons;

 The engine was experiencing low engine power

 Giving out too much black smoke
 The engine was delaying to power

And from analysis, the engine had to be overhauled, check for worn out parts and replaced
them. This was done under the guidance of Mr. Okeng

Below are the procedures that were followed to over haul an engine.

33 | P a g e ALINDA BRIAN BU/UP/2017/139 I.T REPORT

  Engine removal from the vehicle was done by draining out oil first, the battery and
other electrical connections were also disconnected.
 The engine attachments such as the exhaust. Muffler, air cleaner, turbo charger was
also removed after having opened the tractor bonnet off.
 The exhaust manifold, oil filter, sump, rocker arm assembly, cylinder head assembly,
valves, piston and connecting rod assembly, gudgeon pin, fly wheel housing, fly
wheel cam shaft and push rods were disassembled in that order.
 After having removed the above-mentioned parts, the were then washed using diesel
leased them and left them to dry.
 the connecting rod was checked for any cracks, alignment and oil passages
 the piston, piston rings, were discarded and replaced with new ones
 the fly wheel and its assembly were put back and after inspection and fastened
 new pistons with new piston rings were fitted into the individual cylinders using a
ring squeezer.
 The gudgeon pins

2.3.8 FACTORY
2.3.8.1 The sugar cane processing flow chart

Figure 2 shows the sugar cane processing flow chart

2.3.8.2 Sugar cane weighment
The sugar cane transport system consists of a fleet of trailers drawn by the tractor and a number
of cane transport vehicles branded KCV (Kinyara cane vehicle). These tractors include the
Mersey Ferguson, new Holland, Mahindra, john Deere which are robust enough to manage the
rough terrain around the estate. All the cane is weighed as delivered form the cane fields to the
factory; 22% of the cane crushed at Kinyara is from the estate while the 78% cane is from out
growers. The weigh bridge clerk has to ensure that the weigh bridge reads zero when there is no
object on the platform. The tractor along with the loaded trailer is driven to the weigh bridge
platform. The gross weight is automatically displayed on the computer screen, the clerk enters
the weight in the computer as the first mass with the detailed description on the cane delivery
docket and after offloading, the second mass is entered in the computer and automatically the net
weight of the cane is registered shown on the printed weighment ticket. The big trailer carries at
least 13tones per trip while the small one carries 7tones per trip.

2.3.8.3 Cane offloading by use of the gantry or overhead crane

The gantry or overhead crane uses three electric devices. The first one is used for lifting, the
second one is used for moving it along the travel (forward and backward) and the third one is for
sidewise movement. It runs through a gear box connected to a drum unto which ropes coil. The
wire ropes are used for lifting and lowering the load which is between 7-8tones maximum. Its
operated by an operator who sits in the cabin. He uses the button on the big handheld switch. The
cabin is comprised of window which is used for checking trucks down, lights and a single seat
for an operator. The cane is fed through table which are electrically driven and comprise of drag
chains used for pulling the cane and dropping on the carrier. On top of the feed tables is the cane
leveler which maintains the level of the cane falling on to the carrier to ensure uniform feeding.
The cane moves on four carriers through the knives. The first second and third called the inter-
rake and the conveyor belt which transports the now prepared cane to the chute which drops the
prepared cane on to the mill for juice extraction

2.3.8.4 Cane handling and preparation

Cane loading and storage there are two identical, hydraulic unloaders specifically designed to
unload cane from a trailer by lifting a chain system that will automatically tilt and tip the cane.
One hydraulic unloaded tip the cane. One hydraulic unloaded tips tip the cane directly on feeder

35 | P a g e ALINDA BRIAN BU/UP/2017/139 I.T REPORT

table for immediate processing whereas the second one load is located to tip over a wall o n the
head to be ferried over to storage in organized heaps and processed at night where there is no
cane transportation from the field. Cane stacking is done by using heavy machinery cane stalkers
(front end unloaders) cameco make 996, or a big bell loader up to 1000tons of cane can be stored
in the yard to be milled outside normal delivery times 10:00pm to 6:00am.

Feed table and main cane carrier the feed table operator is seated in the elevated cabin so as to
have a full view of the feed table and cane carrier. The feed table is driven by the motor of
capacity 45kw at a regulated speed to ensure uniform feeding of the first cane carrier. There are
three carriers each driven at by a motor of capacity 55kw. In order to reduce chokes and
minimize power surges, at the first set of cane knives there is a leveler driven by a 37kw motor to
give a uniform blanket of cane.

2.3.8.5 Cane preparation

The main function of the two sets of the knives is to increase the efficiency of the mill by
chopping the cane into small pieces to improve on the subsequent juice extraction. Cane stalks
have to be shredded before the cane be processed for efficient juice extraction. Each of the set of
knives is driven by an electric motor of 450HP capacity. The first set consist of 48 knives
mounted on a heavy shaft supported by the bearing whereas the second set consists of 56knives
adjusted with lower clearance in relation to the cane carrier. There is a suspended installed
magnetic separator above the cane carrier which picks up any piece of iron that might have come
along with the cane to avoid damaging of the mill rollers

1) Milling the factory milling capacity was 2500 tons of cane per day, it has been upgraded
to 4000 tones per day to produce 400 tons of sugar per day. The milling tandem consists
of five mills each driven by a 450 hp electric motor. Each mill consists of four rollers fed
through the Donnelly chutes; between the mills the bagasse is conveyed to the rake type
intermediate carriers. Compound maceration system is applied to improve sugar
extraction, this basically involves application of water to the bagasse between the third
and fort mill to dilute the residual juice, the extracted dilute juice from the forth mill is
used between the 2nd and the 3rd mills also to dilute the juice in the bagasse there by
recovering more sugar. The juice mixture is strained by pumping through a rotary screen
 then pumped for processing. The bagasse residue is conveyed to the boiler for steam
generation
2) Juice heating and clarification cold mixed juice is dose with a solution of phosphoric
acid to increase the phosphate content in the mixed juice that will be used for subsequent
chemical reactions. Lime milk is applied to increase the PH of the treated juice by
neutralizing the acidity of the cane juice to about 7.5 ph. where loses of sugar by
inversion is minimized in subsequent heating. The limited juice heating (10 degrees
Celsius) is achieve by pumping through two juice heaters arranged in parallel. The juice
passed through a flash tank and then enters tangentially from top via the flocculation
chamber. The type of clarifier used is Rapido-444 where the main body of the clarifier
consist of four compartments. Purification of the juice is achieved through chemicals
such as the milk lime stone and phosphates in the juice, whereby, colloidal materials and
all suspended solid separate into particles and then allowed to settle as mud leaving clear
juice. Under normal continuous operations, from each apartment juice is withdrawn
separately from the top and mud withdrawn through a different pipping system.
3) Mud filtration most of the impurities in juice settle as mud which is handled in a rotary
vacuum filter to recover some sugar contained in the mud. There are two types of
vacuum filters in operation Oliver Campbell filter and two Jordy filters. Filtration is
achieved by using bagacillo which is made of fine particles obtained by screening
bagasse as it is being conveyed into the boiler. The rotating filter drum is connected to
different vacuum systems where suction enables the filtration to be achieved and filter
cake formed on the drum periphery. The filter cake is conveyed to be used as fertilizers
in the fields and juice returned for processing.
4) Evaporation, syrup Sulphitation and clarification: evaporation is carried out by using
an evaporator set consisting of five vessels but installed to form a quadruple effect
evaporator. The third vessel is made up of two evaporator bodies whose heating vapors
are connected in parallel but the juice flows in series. Clear juice is concentrated in the
quadruple multiple effect evaporators to syrup consisting about 65% solids. Syrup is
treated with Sulphur dioxide in sulphitation chamber to improve on the grade of sugar
produced. Sulphited syrup is heated up to 85 degrees Celsius then dosed with flocculent,

37 | P a g e ALINDA BRIAN BU/UP/2017/139 I.T REPORT

 talodura, and allowed to settle in the syrup clarifier under further purification process
which removes impurities that would affect crystal growth and improves on sugar color.
5) The vacuum pan boiling: Kinyara has eight vacuum pans for sugar boiling, four of
them have a capacity of 40 tones each and the fifth has 50 tones whereas the 6 th, 7th and
8th are automated vacuum pans of 80 tones capacity each. The adopted sugar boiling
scheme is for boiling three types of sugars A, B and where by A is sugar for commercial
grade, B and C are for reprocessing.
 Sugar boiling: boiling is done under vacuum of about 23 inches of mercury (equivalent
to 78 KP); giving a boiling temperature of about 65 degrees centigrade where sugar
destruction is minimized. The sugar boiler called pan man starts of rising vacuum by
application of a facility called condensers to the required vacuum. Then he draws into the
pan, about 8 cubic meters of b-magma (a mixture of B sugar and water in a semi solid
state). Then he starts boiling as he feeds in virgin syrup. This allows the small sugar
crystals to grow in size and evaporation continues. The mixture of mother liquor and
crystals is called massecuite. Samples of massecuite are taken to monitor the crystal
growth by viewing under the crystalloscope. when massecuite is ready, it is dropped in a
big receiver tank with stirrer arms on ground floor for further processing.
 B Sugar boiling

The mother liquor separated by the centrifugal machine; from a massecuite called molasses,
it contains recoverable sugar by re-boiling it giving the B sugar. The boiling procedure is as
above except the starting is either with C- magma (a mixture of C with water) or from seed
mad from slurry (crushed A sugar in alcohol medium using a special mill) but boiling using
the A molasses instead of virgin syrup. The product is B massecuite which will be processed
to give B sugar and B molasses.

 C Sugar Boiling: The B molasses contains economically recoverable sugar which will be
boiled as in the procedure above but starting with seed made slurry prepared as above and
feeding with B molasses. The product is called C massecuite which is processed to give C
sugar and final molasses. The final molasses is sold and used for making alcohol.
6) Purging:
The purging process involves use of high-speed centrifugal machine to separate sugar crystals
from the molasses in the massecuite.

 A Batch centrifugal: three automated batch centrifugal machines are used for purging
high grade A massecuite to produce commercial white plantation sugar and A molasses
for reprocessing.
 B Continuous centrifugal: two continuous centrifugal machines are engaged to purge B
massecuite to produce low grade B sugar and molasses both for processing.
 C Continuous centrifugal: three continuous centrifugal machines are engaged to purge
C massecuite to produce low grade C sugar and final molasses.
7) Conditioning of the C- massecuite in the C crystallizer

The major loss during the sugar boiling is that sugar which is retained in final molasses.
Therefore, the main objective is using a vertical crystallizer to maximize the recovery of this
sugar that would remain in the molasses. In the vertical crystallizer, the C- massecuite is
conditioned by subjecting it into cooling to about 40 degrees centigrade and heating to 54
degrees centigrade in order to reduce the viscosity of this massecuite.

Drying parking and dispatching: the wet sugar is conveyed by the sugar screw conveyer to the
sugar bucket elevator which delivers it to the sugar dryer. A steam of hot air is used to dry sugar
then it is discharged into the sugar bins. Dry sugar is packed in 50kg, 25kg, 1kg and ½ kg bags
ant then stored in the sugar go down ready for sale. The company sells sugar directly to
registered whole sellers who ferry it by lorry trucks.

2.4 Level of accomplishments of duties

We had excellent work out put because we worked as a team as we had a slogan which stated “NO
STONE SHOULD BE LEFT UN TURNED” meaning that whichever job was assigned to us was always
completed in time on satisfactory terms. This slogan always motivated us and made us to accomplish
duties fully in time.

CHAPTER THREE

3 Experiences and lessons learnt from industrial training.

3.1 New concepts and knowledge attained in each duty undertaken.
 Using the Global positioning system machine, the dumpy level and the electronic total
39 | P a g e ALINDA BRIAN BU/UP/2017/139 I.T REPORT
station in surveying fields to come up with field maps
 Skills of identifying machine and implement as per the operation to be done
 Studying the soil condition and deciding on which implement to use.
 Hitching and adjusting different implements.
 Using tractors to do agricultural work like furrowing, seed cane covering inter row
cultivation and slashing.
 Machine maintenance and service so as to increase performance
 Skills of trouble shooting for different kinds of defects in machines especially tractors.
 Skills of using different tools and machines like lathe machine, Tyre fitting machine,
Finn power cream shell fitting machine among others.
 Skills of inspecting machine parts.
 Machine maintenance and service so as to increase performance Improved skills and
knowledge in the operation and design of Agricultural farm structures, machineries and
equipment.
 I learnt a lot of work ethics, productivity and cooperation with a diversity of workers
from different backgrounds in the same working environment.
 Learnt how to drive and operate machines like tractors bucket and wheel loaders,
bulldozers and motor graders.
3.2 Relationship with other company staff.
I personally had an excellent work relationship with most of the employees at Kinyara sugar limited with
whom I dealt. For instance, I was on too much demand in the agricultural workshop since most of the
workers always wanted to interact with be due to my flexibility.

Not forgetting my fellow trainees with whom I worked with who were good to me and the reverse is true.
This made our work and assignments to move on smoothly.

3.3 Problems/challenges encountered and how they were handled.

During the training, I encountered the following problems

 Language barrier as most of the technicians use Kiswahili and Bunyoro well though I
tried to cope up.
 Inadequate means of transport to areas of work.
  During the training, different assignments were worked on at different times in different
fields, s one could not have chance to participate in all.
 There was contradicting statements between the operators and the supervisors, for
instance whenever the supervisors would send us to the fields to work the operators
would refuse saying that we were not allowed to operate or even sit on their machines.

3.4 Benefits derived from the industrial training.

From my industrial training, I managed to learn how to operate most of the light machines in the
agriculture engineering department and attained the working principles while at the work place.

Secondly, I learnt how to repair most of the faulty systems of a tractor and this means that am now
eligible to handle any mechanical job.

CHAPTER FOUR

4 Conclusion and recommendation

4.1 Conclusion
I successfully completed my industrial training at KSL with help of my fellow trainees and some
company employees. The practical skills and knowledge I acquired will add a lot to my ability in
repair, maintenance of machines and structures plus management and supervision work in the
field of agriculture engineering, workshop and working with different people at different levels.
4.2 Recommendations
 Each subsection in agriculture engineering should be availed with its own pickup
truck to ease transportation to areas of work.

 A register for trainees should be availed to reduce on the problem of

unnecessary absenteeism.
 Use of the protective gear should be made compulsory both for trainees and workers to
minimize accidents at work.

 Periodic maintenance and service of machinery should be emphasized to reduce on the

frequent breakdowns.
 Company property found neglected should be reported to the relevant authorities so that
workers in charge of it become responsible.

 The company should look for ways of motivating trainees because they also contribute
much to the company work for instance by giving allowances.

41 | P a g e ALINDA BRIAN BU/UP/2017/139 I.T REPORT

  The company should also look for ways of providing accommodation to trainees.

5 References
1) Automotive technology 2009 fifth edition by JACK ERJAVEC.
2) KSL machine manuals.
3) Different sub-section superintendents and supervisors of Agriculture Eng. Section
4) Work shop mechanics.

6 Appendices
6.1 Light plants

figure 6.3 shows bell loader loading seed

cane
figure 6.1 shows a 4WD Tractor covering
cane sets

figure 6.2 shows a tractor cultivating the

inter –rows
figure 6.4 a tractor slashing in the field
 figure 6.7 Ploughing using the reversible
plough

figure 6.5 labor coaches for labor transport

6.2 Heavy plants figure 6.8 Heavy Tractors attached to Rome

harrow

figure 6.6 shows a bull dozer attached on a

Rome plough figure 6.9 Tractor attached to Ripper cum
Furrower in operation.

figure 6.10 Ripper cum Furrower Implement

43 | P a g e ALINDA BRIAN BU/UP/2017/139 I.T REPORT

6.3 Roads section

figure 6.11 shows a grader re-shaping a

road
 FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OFAGRICULTURAL
MECHANISATION AND IRRIGATION
ENGINEERING.
INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT HELD AT KINYARA
SUGAR LTD.

DEPARTMENT: AGRIC. AND GENERAL SERVICES

PERIOD:28th, MAY 2019 to 2nd, AUGUST 2019

BY
ALINDA BRIAN
BU/UP/2017/139

TEL: +256774043554/ +256754791554

Email: engineerbrina@gmail.com

45 | P a g e ALINDA BRIAN BU/UP/2017/139 I.T REPORT

 FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OFAGRICULTURAL
MECHANISATION AND IRRIGATION
ENGINEERING.
INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT HELD AT KINYARA
SUGAR LTD.

DEPARTMENT: AGRIC. AND GENERAL SERVICES

PERIOD:28th, MAY 2019 to 25th, JULY 2019

BY
ALINDA BRIAN
BU/UP/2017/139

TEL: +256774043554 / +256754791554

Email: engineerbrina@gmail.com