-M.A. B.Ed.

Question tag
✓ Question tags are short questions used at the end of statements.
• We use tags in spoken English but not in formal written English.
❖ Question tags are formed with the auxiliary or modal verb from the
statement and the appropriate subject.
A positive statement is followed by a negative question tag.
• He is from Spain, isn't he? Raju was a doctor, wasn’t he?
• She can speak English, can't she? Laxmi will come, won’t she?
A negative statement is followed by a positive question tag.
• They aren't funny, are they? My friends were not in Goa, were they?
• He shouldn't say things like that, should he? All of us couldn’t help, could we?

When the verb in the main sentence is in the present simple we form
the question tag with do / does.
• You play the guitar. Indians help others always.
• You do play the guitar, don't you? Indians do help others always, don’t they?
• He likes tennis. John hates cheaters
• He does like tennis, doesn't he? John does hate cheaters, doesn’t he?
If the verb is in the past simple we use did.
• They went to the cinema. India won the match
• They did go to the cinema, didn't they? India did win the match, didn’t it?
• She studied in New Zealand. Mala missed the class.
• She did study in New Zealand,didn't she? Mala did miss the class, didn’t she?
When the statement contains a word with a negative meaning, the
question tag needs to be positive
• He hardly ever speaks, does he?
• They rarely eat in restaurants, do they?
Radha never comes late, does she?
Notice these:
➢ There isn't an ATM , is there?
➢ Let's have a cup of coffee, shall we?
➢ I am a student, aren’t I ?
➢ Come here, will you?
➢ Someone comes here, don’t they?
o She is a nurse
o They are not soldiers o Radha was in Mysore
o We missed the class o Suresh will not help
o It drinks water o Let’s go now
o I am a king o Shut the door
o My friends never run
Choose the appropriate question tags and fill in the blanks:
1. She was a nurse, _____________
a. was she? b. did she? c. wasn’t she? d. doesn’t he?
2. He is not police, _____________
a. won’t he? b. will he? c. is he? d. isn’t he?
3. Raju is riding bike, _____________
a. isn’t he? b. is he? c. wasn’t he? d. was he?
4. People work daily, _____________
a. didn’t we? b. aren’t we? c. aren’t they? d. don’t they ?
5. All of us will not agree your openion, _____________
a. will we? b. won’t we? c. do they? d. didn’t they?
6. We never worked hard, _____________
a. don’t we? b. did we? c. do we? d. didn’t we?
7. He will tell us truth rarely, _____________
a. won’t he? b. will he? c. can he? d. could he?
8. Raghav is singing a song, _____________
a. isn’t he? b. is he? c. wasn’t he? d. was he?
9. I am a teacher, _____________
a. amn’t I? b. am I? c. aren’t I? d. did I ?
10. Lata has not written a story, _____________
a. hasn’t she? b. has she? c. haven’t they? d. had she?
11. _____________

12. Nobody helped me, _____________

a. did he? b. didn’t they? c. don’t he? d. aren’t they?
13. _____________

14. There is a box in the bag, _____________

a. isn’t there? b. isn’t it? c. isn’t bag? d. is there?
15. Let’s us go to school, _____________
a. will you? b. shall we? c. do you? d. does he?
FINITE VERB NON-FINITE VERB
First Verb Not first verb
V1 (Present Tense) V3 (Past Participle)
V2 (Past Tense) V1+ing (Present Participle/Gerund)
Aux to+V1 (To Infinitive)
HV Bare
Choose the appropriate ‘if clause’ and fill in the blanks:
1) If I had brought my camera. I ___________ taken some photographs.
a) would have b) will c) will have d) would
2) If I had consulted the doctor in the beginning. I _____________ become weak.
a) will not b) would not have c) shall not have d) would not
3) If my mother had given me money I _____________________ bought a dress.
a) could have b) shall have c) would have d) would
4) If I were a bird __________.
a) I will fly b) I would fly c) I can fly d) I shall fly
5) If you study hard _______________625/625.
a)You will score b)You could have scored c)You would score d)You might score
6) If she gave me money, I __________ brought some important books.
a) would have b) will c) will have d) would
7) If he helps poor students, everyone __________ respect him.
a) would have b) will c) will have d) shall
8) If it rains today, I __________ return early.
a) would have b) will c) will have d) shall
9) If they complete home within Sunday, I __________ punish them.
a) will b) will not c) would not have d) would not
10) If we remain in our home for 21 days, the Corona virus _________ kill us.
a) will b) will not c) would not have d) would not
11) If you had written the exam well, you .......... passed.
a) would b) would have c) shall have d) can
12) If we had taken better guidance, we ...................................... achieved our goal.
a) would b) would have c) shall have d) can
13) If she had worked hard, she .......... passed exam in first class.
a) would b) would have c) shall have d) can
14) If you had asked me, I ………………………… given you my dress.
a) would b) would have c) shall have d) can
15) If Ramu had helped me, I ___________ completed the project.
a) Would have b) will have c) would had d) would has
 EXAMPLES
FINITE VERB
❖ Ravi goes to market.
❖ Ravi went to market.
❖ Ravi has gone to market.
❖ Ravi had gone to market.
❖ Ravi and Geeta go to market.
❖ Ravi and Geeta have gone to market.
Reasons
❖ Ravi goes to market. (Present tense with singular subject)
❖ Ravi went to market. (Simple Past tense with singular subject)
❖ Ravi has gone to market. (Present perfect tense with singular subject)
❖ Ravi had gone to market. (Past perfect tense with singular subject)
❖ Ravi and Geeta go to market. (Present tense with plural subject)
❖ Ravi and Geeta have gone to market.(Present perfect tense with plural subject)
NON-FINITE VERB
❖ They have gone to market.
❖ Ravi has gone to market.
❖ Ravi had gone to market.
❖ Ravi is going to market
❖ Ravi likes swimming.
❖ Ravi told me to go to market.
❖ Ravi made me go to market.
❖ Ravi made me stand whole day.
❖ Ravi will go to school.
Reasons
❖ They have gone to market. (Past participle V3 verb)
❖ Ravi has gone to market. (Past participle V3 verb)
❖ Ravi had gone to market. (Past participle V3 verb)
❖ Ravi is going to market (V1+ing - Present Participle)
❖ Ravi likes swimming. (V1+ing Gerund)
❖ Ravi told me to go to market . (To Infinitive to + V1 verb)
❖ Ravi made me go to market. (Bare Infinitive V1 verb)
❖ Ravi made me stand whole day.(Bare Infinitive V1 verb)
❖ Ravi will go to school. (Bare Infinitive V1 verb)
Choose the correct infinitive: (To Infinitive------ to+V1) (Bare infinitive------ Hv+V1)
1) Ramesh : Hello, Shankar please stop for a minute.
Shankar : Sorry, I am in a hurry, I am going to the market to meet my friend.
a) To the market b) To meet c) Hurry d) Going to

2) Sudha : When do you come Shyla?

Shyla : I will come tomorrow
a) Come b) Will c) Tomorrow d) Do

3) Dhanya : Hi Molya, will you come to play in our garden.

Molya : Sure sister, we will go to our garden by bicycle.
a) Will b) Come c) To our garden d) To play

4) Geeta : Didn’t you go to office? Meeting is going on.

Shanta : I forgot to go, shall I Start now Geeta : Now, you need not to go.
a) Going b) Start c) To go d) To office

5) Brother : Savita , Why are so hurry ?

Savita : I am expecting two guests to come for dinner.
a) prepare b) expecting c) to come d) make

6) I’m going to market to buy a dictionary.

a) going b) are c) am d) to buy

7) I can help poor students.

a) poor b) help c) can d) I

8) She was writing 3 pages daily to improve her handwriting.

a) was b) writing c) to improve d) daily

9) I am waiting for doctors to meet them.

a) am b) to meet c) waiting d) them

Identify the correct gerund

10
Identify the language function:
1. Don’t worry everything will be alright.
a. Expressing gratitude b. Ordering c. Sympathizing d. Request
2. Can I help you?
a. Offering help b. Advice c. Order d. Ability
3. I’m really grateful to you.
a. Pleasing b. Request c. Expressing gratitude d. Apologizing
4. Literature books are on seventh shelf in third row from here.
a. Permission b. Advice c. Giving direction d. Suggestion
5. You should consult a psychiatrist.
a. Advice b. Request c. Order d. Command
6. I can climb this tall tree.
a. Offering help b. Advice c. Order d. Ability
7. Go straight and take a left turn.
a. Asking direction b. Giving direction c. Advice d. Order
8. How to go to railway station?
a. Asking direction b. Giving direction c. Advice d. Order
9. May I come in sir?
a. Order b. Wish c. Advice d. Permission
10. Take two tablets daily.
a. Advice b. Request c. Order d. Wish
11. Can I go home an hour early today?
a. Order b. Wish c. Advice d. Permission
12. Don’t talk in the class,please.
a. Order b. Wish c. Advice d. Request
13.

14. Pranati : Will you please give me 10.000 Rs?

a) Expressing ability b) Making a request c) Giving an order d) Suggestion
15. Could you tell me where the bus station is?
a) Expressing ability b) Making a request c) Giving an order d) Suggestion
 Give One word
• A man who loves his country is called. – Patriot
• A man who sacrifices his life for country is called. – Martyr
• A man who teaches his students is called. – Teacher
• A man who treats his patients is called. – Doctor
• A man who stitches the cloths is called. – Tailor
• A person who enters in order to steal is called. – Burglar
• One who travels to work place daily is called. – Commuter
• A young person who is tall and thin is called. – Lanky
• A small narrow stream is called. – Creek
• A person who can not hear is called. – Deaf
• A person who can not see is called. – Blind
• A person who is interested in his own thought. – Introvert
_______________________________________________________________
The "collocation", describes words that regularly appear together in common use.
Collocations are normally a combination of
Noun+Noun
Adjective+ Noun
Verb+ Noun.
E.g. : egg rice, mango juice,
strong coffee, small boy
take action, save time
Match the word in the column ‘A’ with its collective word choosing from column ‘B’.
1. Brisk (laugh, walk, run, work)
2. Commit (mistake, money, work, wheel)
3. Rickety (pavement, groves, bridge, bird)
4. Job (repair, work, hunt, complete)
5. Money (coins, letter, stamps, order)
6.Quick (run, glance, dance, see)
7.Swift (race, chance, action, burden)
8.Lay (emphasis, attention, notice, order)
9.Earth (sun, moon, star, quake)
10.Commit (crime, fault, wrongs, lies)
11.Freedom (protector, fighter, quicker, warrier)
12.Table (salt, spoon, plate, rice)
13.Money (grabber, giver, lender, paper)
14.Weather (forecast, broadcast, telecast, predicate.)
15.Key (group, drive, remote, bunch)
 HOMOPHONES
The words which have same pronunciation, different spelling and
different meaning.

Fill in the blanks with correct homophone:

1. This vessel is made of _________ (steal, steel)

2. Can you _________ me? (hear, here)

3. Mayura is a famous_________ (in/inn).

4. Kala sleeps on the _________. (caught, cot)

5. My place is _________ from here. (for, far)

6. I ………. In malur. (leave, live)

7. Mr. Nagarajan is the…… of unique international school. (principal, principle)

8. A big…… was found on the ozone layer (whole, hole)

9. They…….. notes every day. (right, write)

10. The….. phone is very useful now a days. (sell, cell)

11. Aishawrya rai is a …… lady. (fare, fair)

12. Many ships arrived at Chennai …….( port, fort)

13. Rame and rahim are good but ……….. children are not so. (there. their)

14. Can you ………. Me? (here, hear)

15. Gandhiji’s principles were……… and nonviolence. (peace, piece)

The tea is very hot. I can not drink it. (too……..to so……….that………..not)

The sum is very difficult. I can not solve it. (too……..to so……….that………..not)

The shock was very severe. He could not bear it. (too……to so……….that………..not)

She is proud. She does not own her fault. (too……..to so……….that………..not)

She is honest. She will not accept a bribe. (too……..to so……….that………..not)

The hill was very high. I did not climb it. (too……to so……….that………..not)

..not)

The road is very narrow. I do not walk here. (too……..to so……….that………..not)

The question was very difficult. I did not answer it. (too……to so……….that………..not)

She was very weak. She did not run fast. (too……..to so……….that………..not)

He was very dull. He did not answer any question. (too……..to so……….that………..not)
Rearrange the words in the proper order and make meaningful sentences:

1. Are/going/to Bengaluru/we/tomorrow/. We are going to Bengaluru tomorrow.

2. My /is/a lecturer/father.

3.Is/the/runner/cheetah/fastest.

4.You/are/where/going/now?

5.You/serious/are?

6.foolish/is/he/how!

7.Lives/lion/the/in/den/.

8.Wonderful/a/place/it/is/what/!

9.Talk/in/don’t/the/class.

10.Tiger/roaring/the/is.

11. Sight/what/it /is/beautiful/a/!

12. Celebrate/independence/every/day/year/we.

13. Bowed/all/us/in the/the /room/old man/of.

14. black/there/clouds/sky/in/the/are.

15. are/speaking/the/in/you/why/class?

Using a word as Verb and Noun in our own sentence

(Verb) I _____ daily. (Noun) It is _____.
Dream Play
(V) I dream daily. (V) I play daily.
(N) It is dream. (N) It is play.

Collect Punish
(V) I collect daily. (V) I punish daily.
(N) It is collection. (N) It is punishment.
 Fill in the blanks with suitable words as directed in the bracket

1. Manoj was ………… good boy. (Fill in the blank with suitable article.)
2. Gandhiji was born ……….. Porabandar. (Fill in the blank with suitable preposition.)
3. ……….you run fast you will catch the train. (Fill in the blank with suitable conjunction.)
4. Andy …………..(vanish) and made second visit to the post office. (correct form of verb.)
5. Narendra had good …………………….(concentrate) of mind. (correct form of word.)

1. Mahesh was ……… honest person. (Fill in the blank with suitable article.)
2. Gandhiji was born ……. Porabandar in GJ. (Fill in the blank with suitable preposition.)
3. ……….you run fast you will not catch the train. (Fill in the blank with suitable conjunction.)
4. Andy …………..(vanish) and makes second visit to the post office. (correct form of verb.)
5. Narendra had …………………….(attract) eyes. (correct form of word.)

1. Mahesh was ……… wisest student. (Fill in the blank with suitable article.)
2. Gandhiji was born ……….. 2nd Oct 1869. (Fill in the blank with suitable preposition.)
3. I called Ramu……….he did not care me. (Fill in the blank with suitable conjunction.)
4. He …………. (take)her bag yesterday. (correct form of verb.)
5. He visits…………………….. (frequent) (correct form of word.)

1. India is ………………… rich country. (Fill in the blank with suitable article.)
2. Gandhiji was born …….. 1869. (Fill in the blank with suitable preposition.)
3. They eat either fruits………….vegetables. (Fill in the blank with suitable conjunction.)
4. He …………. (take)her bag now. (correct form of verb.)
5. I like …………… (sweetly) fruits. (correct form of word.)

1. She was …………….. European. (Fill in the blank with suitable article.)
2. My father comes home …………monday. (Fill in the blank with suitable preposition.)
3. They eat neither fruits………….vegetables. (Fill in the blank with suitable conjunction.)
4. Ramu ……………. (be+write) a beautiful story today. (correct form of verb.)
5. Laxmibai fought …………………(courage). (correct form of word.)
 Fill in the blanks with suitable words as directed in the bracket

1. It is ………….. umbrella. (Fill in the blank with suitable article.)

2. Ramesh is going ………. Bengaluru. (Fill in the blank with suitable preposition.)
3. He troubled me ……… I punished him. (Fill in the blank with suitable conjunction.)
4. Ramu ……………. (be+write) a beautiful story yesterday. (correct form of verb.)
5. Laxmibai was a …….………………(courage) queen . (correct form of word.)

1. The sun rises in …………… east. (Fill in the blank with suitable article.)
2. Ramesh sat ……………… Raju and Raghu. (Fill in the blank with suitable preposition.)
3. Ganesh ……….. Mahesh are the good friends. (Fill in the blank with suitable conjunction.)
4. Ramu ……………. (be+read) a beautiful story yesterday. (correct form of verb.)
5. She is attending the class……………………(regular) . (correct form of word.)

1. They saw …………….. Golagumbaz. (Fill in the blank with suitable article.)
2. The people are standing …….… the tree. (Fill in the blank with suitable preposition.)
3. ………. he study hard he will get good marks. (Fill in the blank with suitable conjunction.)
4. Ramu ……………. (sing) a beautiful film song yesterday. (correct form of verb.)
5. It is a ………………………… (success) launching . (correct form of word.)

1. She sat ……………..hour in wonderment. (Fill in the blank with suitable article.)
2. Vikram was awarded PhD ….. the Cambridge University. (Fill in the blank with suitable preposition.)
3. ……….your majesty permits me, I can try to solve the problem. (conjunction.)
4. Ramu ……………. (sing) a beautiful film song today. (correct form of verb.)
5. The sunset is a ……………………….(beauty) sight . (correct form of word.)

1. His father is ………… S.P. (Fill in the blank with suitable article.)
2. She is waiting ………….. me. (Fill in the blank with suitable preposition.)
3. I did not attend the class……………….. I was not feeling well. (conjunction.)
4. They ……………. (be+sing) a beautiful film song today. (correct form of verb.)
5. He looked at me in ……………………..(confuse) . (correct form of word.)
 Syllables
• Syllables are vowel sounds.

Mono (single) syllable

E. g. : oft, bus, get, put, steel, month, school, cheer, team, road.

Disyllabic words (Two syllables)

E.g.:ago, logo, avoid, enter, defeat, player, current,morning,function.

Special Syllables
E. g. : game, ride, baby, beauty, table, early.
 PROFILE WRITING
His……………..is……………… His……………..are………………
Her……………..is……………… Her……………..are………………
1. Given below is a profile of Mr. Rajesh the School Principal. Write a paragraph based
on the information.
Age : 45
Height : 5.6 ft.
Family : 2 male and a female
Qualities : creative teacher and helpful
Hobbies : gardening and writing poetry

His name is Mr.Rajesh.

His age is 45 years.
His height is 5.6feet.
His family is small family.
His qualities are creative teacher and helpful.
His hobbies are gardening and writing poetry.
His name is Mr.Rajesh. His age is 45 years. His height is 5.6feet. His family is
small family. His qualities are creative teacher and helpful. His hobbies are gardening and
writing poetry.

2. Given below is a profile of Roma Talreja. Write a paragraph using the clues given below:
Age : 21
Education : B.Com. graduate
State : Maharashtra
Profession : Call centre executive
Hobbies : Drawing and singing.

3. Given below is a profile of Krishna, the school clerk. Write a paragraph using clues
given below:
Age : 42
Height : 5 ft.
Family : 3 daughters - college going
Reasons for his popularity : helpful, kind
Education : B.Sc,. graduate
Hobbies : drawing , coin collection, gardening.

4. Given below is a profile of Jasmine. Write a paragraph by using the clues given below:
Age : 15 years
Class : X standard
School : Stanley Girls High School, Kolar
Hobbies : drawing, reading, story books
Achievement : got 1st rank in IX standard
Aim : to become a teacher .
 PICTURE READING

There is a __________ in this picture. Singular

There are some __________ in this picture. Plural

/

There is a tree in this picture.

There is a bird in this picture.
There is an ant in this picture.
There is a bow in this picture.
There is a mountain in this picture.
There is a hunter in this picture.
There is a forest in this picture.
There is an arrow in this picture.
The hunter is shooting the bird.

There is a tree in this picture. There is a bird in this picture. There is

an ant in this picture. There is a bow in this picture. There is a mountain in this
picture. There is a hunter in this picture. There is a forest in this picture. There is
an arrow in this picture. The hunter is shooting the bird.

There is a tree in this picture. There is a bird in this picture. There is

an ant in this picture. There is a bow in this picture. There is a mountain in this
picture. There is a hunter in this picture. There is a forest in this picture. There is
an arrow in this picture. The hunter is shooting the bird.
 READING PASSAGE
There lived a rich man who was very generous, often inviting guests for
meals to his house. On his birthday he invited the entire town to dinner. One of the
guests was a greedy man called Kailas. Who took his son along with him. Kailas ate
till his stomach was ready to burst. Suddenly he saw his son drinking water and hit
him on the head. On returning home. The boy asked why he had been hit, to which
Kailas replied, you fool ! Why did you fill your stomach with water instead of eating
the food? The boy said didn’t you know that drinking water creates space in the
stomach to eat more? Kailas hit on his head again for not being informed of the fact
earlier or else he too would have done the same thing and would have eaten even
more.
Questions
a) Why did Kailas and his son go to the rich man’s house?
b) Why did Kailas hit his son on his head again?

Answers
a) Kailas and his son went to the rich man’s house because the rich man invited
them for his birthday. OR
(There lived a rich man who was very generous, often inviting guests for meals to
his house. On his birthday he invited the entire town to dinner. One of the guests was a
greedy man called Kailas. Who took his son along with him.)

b) Kailas hit his son on his head again because his son did not inform his father
that drinking more water creates space in the stomach to eat more. OR
(The boy said didn’t you know that drinking water creates space in the stomach to
eat more? Kailas hit on his head again for not being informed of the fact earlier or else
he too would have done the same thing and would have eaten even more. )

READING PASSAGE
Questions
a) Whom did Kailas take with him to the rich man’s house?
b) Who hit on Kailas’s head?
c) How was the rich man?
d) What kind of man was Kailas?

Answers
a) His son.
b) Kailas
c) The rich man was very generous.
d) Kailas was a greedy man.
 PERSONAL LETTER FORMAT
From,
……………………………..
……………………………..
Date : ……………………………..

Dear, ……………………………..

I…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
Your ……………………………...
………………………………
Convey my regards to ………………………………………………………………..
To,
……………………………………..

Imagine that you are Vikas/Khushi studying in Govt. High School Kerur.
Write a letter to your friend inviting him/her to your birthday function.

From,
Vikas
Govt High School Kerur
Date : 02.07.2021.

Dear friend,

I am very well with my study and also health. How are you? My
birthday is next month. Please come to my birthday. My all friends are coming to
my birthday. We will enjoy.

Convey my regards to your lovely parents.

Your friend
Vikas.

To,
XYZ.
 LESSON 1 – A HERO

Read the following extracts and answer the questions given below.
1.“How could a boy fight tiger?”
a) Who said this? -Swami said this.
b) Whom did he say? -He said to his father.
c) What was his father? -His father was a lawyer.

2.“Leave alone strength, can you prove you have courage?”

a) Who Said this? -Swami’s father said this
b) Who should prove courage? -Swami should prove courage.
c) What was the view of Swami’s father regarding courage?
- Swami’s father felt that courage is more important than strength and age.

3). “You must sleep alone hereafter.”

a) Why did Swami’s father want him to sleep alone?
- Swami’s father wanted his on to prove that he had a courage
b) Whom did he usually sleep with? - He usually slept with his granny
c) Where was Swami asked to sleep? - Swami was asked to sleep in the office room.

4). “Your office room is vey dusty and there may be scorpion behind your law books”
a) When did Swami make this remark?
- When his father asked him to sleep alone in the office room then he made this remark.
b) Why did Swami make this remark?
- Swami made this remark to escape from sleeping alone in the office room
- It shows that he is timid.

5) “He wished that the tiger had not spared the boy.”
ly? - The words mean that the tiger would kill the boy.

- Because his father had asked him to sleep alone to prove that he was courageous boy.
c) Who is the boy here? – Village lad of the newspaper report who faced tiger.

6). “Aiyo! Something has bitten me.”

a) Who is the ‘me’? - The word ‘me’ refers to the burglar.
b) Who had bitten him? - Swami had bitten him.
c) How did the speaker suffer as a result of being bitten?
- The speaker was notorious thief and was arrested by the police.

7). “The Inspector said, “Why don’t you join ?’’

a brave boy and he helped them to catch notorious burglar.

b) What was Swami’s replay? - Swami replied that he would join police.
c) What did Swami want to become actually later in his life?
- Swami wanted to become an engine driver, railway guard or bus conductor later in his life.
8) “Congratulations were showered on Swami the next day.”
a) Why was Swami Congratulation?
-He had bitten one of the most notorious house breakers of the district which led to his arrest.
b) Do you think that he deserved the praise? - No, he doesn’t deserve the praise.
c) What do congratulation mean in the context? - Congratulation mean complements.

9). “No, you must do it now.”

a) Who is the ‘you’? - ‘ you’ refers to Swami.
b) When did the speaker say so?
- When Swami’s father asked him to sleep alone in the office but he tried to escape from
sleeping alone, then his father said so.
c) Why did he ask him to do so? - Swami’s father wanted to test his son’s courage.

.”

b) What did he say? - Looking at his wife Swami’s father said that he did not like
the way that his son was brought up.
c) Who should he look at and why, according to the speaker?
- According to the speaker he should look at his mother who spoiled Swami.

11). “Don’t talk to me, and don’t let anyone call me if the house is on fire.”
a) Who said this? - Swami said this.
b) Whom did he say this to? - He said to his grandmother
c) Why did he say so? - Swami’s father asked him to sleep alone in the office but
he tried to escape. He knew that his father would come at any time and ask him to sleep in
the office. So he said so.

12). “If you do it, I will make you the laughing stock of your school.”
a) Who said this? - Swami’s father said this.
b) What is the ‘it’? - ‘It’ refers to sleeping beside granny like a baby.
c) How would the speaker make him the laughing stock?
- Swami’s father threatened him that he would tell his friends that ‘Swami is afraid of
sleeping alone in the dark. So he sleeps with his granny like a baby.

13). “You think you are wiser than the newspaper?”

a) Who is the speaker? -Swami’s father is the speaker.
b) Who is ‘you’ here? -‘You’ is Swami here.
c) Why did the speaker say so? -Because Swami was not believing the report.
14). “Don’t you want to hear a story?”
a) Who is the speaker? -Swami’s granny is the speaker.
b) Who was it said to? -It was said to Swami.
c) When was it said? -

a) Who said this ? -Swami’s mother said this.

b) Who is ‘you’ here? -‘You’ is Swami’s father here.
c) Who does the word ‘him’ refer to? -The word ‘him’ refers to Swami.
 LESSON 2 – THERE IS A GIRL BY THE TRACKS

Read the following extracts and answer the question that follow.

1) “Take the girl to Airoli” suggested the cop, “There is a hospital there”.
a) What happened to the girl? - The girl had met with an accident
b) Why did Baleshwar was not agree to this?
-Because Airoli was ten kms away. Baleshwar felt that it would take lot of time to go there.
c) What did he do instead? - Baleshwar took her to a smaller hospital which was very near.

2) “Roma stirred and her eyes fluttered open.”

a) Where was Roma at that time? - Roma was in the truck at that time.
b) What could have made her react so?
- Roma was taken to the hospital in the vehicle lurched forward. This probably stirred Roma
c) How did her reaction help Baleshwar?
- Seeing this quickly, Baleshwar asked her name whom he could call. Roma gave her name
and her brother’s cell phone number.

3) “Oh, I couldn’t thank him,” Baleshwar thought.

a) Who is the ‘him’? -Him’ refers to truck driver.
b) Why was Baleshwar unable to thank him? -The truck driver helped him to take Roma to
the hospital but soon he slipped away from the hospital so he couldn’t thank him.
c) -It reveals that truck driver is a good man. He
does not expect anything but always ready to help others.

4) “I think it is an astonishing thing that a stranger jumped off train & risked his life for me.”
a) Whom does ‘I’ refer to? -‘I’ refer to Roma.
b) Who is the stranger? -The stranger is Baleshwar Mishra.
c) How did the stranger help the speaker? -Stranger helped the speaker by taking her to hospital.

5) “Let us go and help her.”

a) -

c) Why didn’t others come to his help? -Because others were afraid of court and police.

6) “I’m new to Mumbai but I have noticed that people here are afraid.”
a) Why had he come to Mumbai? -He came to Mumbai in search of job.
b) Whom does ‘I’ refer to? -‘I’ refers to Baleshwar.
c) Why were the people afraid? -People were afraid of police and court.

7)

b) What did the listener answer? -Dinesh Talreja.

c) -Become unconscious.
8) "Sister, are you okay?” But there was no response.
a. Who asked this question? -Baleshwar.
b. Who does the 'sister refer to? -Roma.
c. Why could not he get response? -Because she was unconscious.

9) “There is a girl by the tracks.”

a) Who was the girl? -Roma.
-Baleshwar.

10) “Please help me to take her to a hospital.”

a) Who did the speaker seek help from? -Motorists.
b) Why did he have to take her to a hospital? -Because she was injured and bleeding blood.
c) What was the response of his request? -No one stopped and nobody came forward to help.

11) “So, why did he do it?”

a) Who is the he? -Baleshwar.
b) What did he do? -He saved the life of Roma with risk.
c) Why did he do it? -She needed help to survive so he did it.

12) “I hope I am not too late.”

a) Who is ‘I’ here? -Baleshwar.
b) Who is the speaker? -Baleshwar.
c) Where was the speaker at that time? -He was by the tracks at that time.

13) “Chacha, can I borrow your mobile?”

a) Who is chacha here? -Tempo truck driver.
b) Who is ‘I’ here? -Baleshwar.
c) Why did the speaker need mobile? -To call Roma’s brother Dinesh.

14) “Behnanji, aap theek hai?”

a) What does the statement mean? -Sister, are you okay?
b) Who is sister here? -Roma.
c) Where was it said? -It was said at the hospital.

15) “I am on my way.”
a) Who said this? -Dinesh(Roma’s brother).
b) Where was the speaker at that time? -In Ullasanagar.
c) Who was it said to? -It was said to Baleshwar.
 LESSON 3 THE GENTLEMAN OF RIO-EN MEDIO
1) “It took months of negotiation to come to an understanding with the old man.”
a) - The sale of old man’s land to American family.

-The old man was not in a hurry. He wanted to do the work carefully.
c) What does ‘negotiate’ mean in the context? - Negotiate means to reach an agreement.

2) “Don Anselmo”, I said to him, “We have made a discovery.”

a) Who made the discovery? -The surveyor made a discovery.
b) Who said this to Don Anselmo? -The story teller said this to Don Anselmo.
c) What discovery has been made? -The land was more than 8 acres and fertile.

3)“These Americans, are good people. They are willing to pay you for additional land as well.”
a) Who did the speaker say these words? -The speaker said to Don Anselmo.
b) When did the speaker say so?
- When Don Anselmo’s land was surveyed he was owned more than eight acres.
c) How did the other react to it?
- Don Anselmo was not happy to hear these words. He stared at the story teller angrily.

4) “When one signs a deed and sells property, one sells everything that grows on the land.”
a) Who said this to whom? -Story teller told this to Don Anselmo.
b) What is the meaning of ‘deed’? -Agreement.
c) When did the speaker say these words?
-Don Ansemo said that he sold his property to the Americans because of their goodness. He
sold them only the land but not the trees. Then the story teller said this.

5) “This was bad. Anselmo,” I pleaded.

a) Who pleaded? -The story teller pleaded.
b) What does ‘this’ refer to? -Don Anselmo said that he sold his property but not the trees.
c) Defend him that he was not wrong?
- for
children. Therefore the trees belong to the children and he was right.

6) “I did not sell the trees because. I could not, they are not mine.
a) Who, according to the speaker did the trees belong to? - The children of the village.
b) Who is ‘I’ here? - Don Anselmo.
c) What made the speaker say that these trees were not his?
- its name.
Therefore the trees belong to the children not to him.

7) “I argued with him but it was useless.”

a) Who argued with him? -Story teller argued with Don Anselmo.
b) Who does the ‘him’ refer to? -Him’ refers to Don Anselmo.
c) What was his argument?
-The story teller told Don Anselmo that his land was more than eight acres
almost twice and fertile so the Americans were ready to pay him double amount.
8) “One day they came back to the office to complain.”
a) Who does ‘they’ refer to? -‘They’ refer to the Americans.
-

-They complained that the children came to the orchard and played under the trees and took
blossoms. When they Were asked not to come and play they just laughed and talked back.

9) “Finally we got down to business.”

a) Who does ‘we’ refer to? -‘We’ refers to the Americans.
b) What was the business described here? -The selling of the land.
c) Who was ready to sell the land? -Don Anselmo.

10) “I do not like to have you speak to me in that manner.”

a) Who is “I’ here? -Don Anselmo.
b) Who was it said to? -It was said to the story teller.
c) Who is the speaker of the above statement? -Don Anselmo.

11) “I am the oldest man in the village.”

a) Who is the speaker? -Don Anselmo.
b) Who is the oldest man here? -Don Anselmo.
c) Who was it said to? -The story teller.

12) “He removed his hat and gloves, slowly and carefully.”
a) Who is ‘he’ here? -Don Anselmo.
b) Where was the he at that time? -In the office of the story teller.
c) What did he do after this? -He bowed all of them in the room.

13) “I didn’t sell trees in the orchard”.

a) Who is the speaker? -Don Anselmo.
b) Why didn’t the speaker sell trees? -Because they were not his trees.
c) How did the speaker defend his statement? -The trees belonged to the children.

14) “The trees in the orchard are not mine.”

a) Who is the speaker? -Don Anselmo.
b) Who did trees belong to? -The trees belonged to the children.
c) Why did he feel so? -Because he grew trees for children.

15) “One thing was that they were to have the complete possession of the property.”
a) Who said this? -The story teller.
b) Who are ‘they’ here? -The Americans.
c) Whose possession has been mentioned here? -Don Anselmo’s possession.
 LESSON 4 DR B. R. AMBEDKAR
1) ‘I have no doubt whether we agreed with him or not in many matters, that perseverance.’
a) Who said this? -Jawaharalal Nehru said this.
b) Who does ‘him’ refer to? -Dr. B.R. Ambedkar.
c) When did the speaker say these words? -At the time of Ambedkar’s death.

2) d Ambeddkar dream of Samata will become reality.’

b) Who said this? -Jawaharalala Nehru said this.

c) Who is the author of Samata? -Dr. B.R. Ambedkar.

3) The one who took such an important part in our activities has passed away.
a) Who said this? -Jawaharaalal Nehru said this.
b) Who passed away? -Dr. B.R. Ambedkar passed away.
c) What is the meaning of the phrase ‘passed away’? -It means ‘dead’

4) eritable revolution in social thought.’

b) What ‘revolution’ is referred here?

-The discrimination of the caste system and to proclaim oneness of the Hindu community.
c) How did they b

-BRA did the same by reminding the depressed

5) “They only valid divisions are the divisions between those who are noble and
wholesome and those who are ignoble and unwholesome.”
a) Who said these words? -Buddha.
b) When did he say these words? -

6) “A symbol of revolt” he said.

a) Who made this statement? -Jawaharlal Nehru
b) Who is the symbol of revolt? -Ambedkar
c) Why is he described so? -Because he fought against the discrimination of the caste system.

7) “He was a voracious reader.”

a) Who was a voracious reader? -Dr B R Ambedkar.
b) What is the meaning of ‘voracious reader’? -Restless reader.
c) How can you say he was a voracious reader? -He was purchasing books by curtailing his
daily needs. He purchased 2000 old books in New York and 32 boxes of books in London.

8) “He raised, brick by brick.”

a) Who is he here? -Dr B R Ambedkar.
-
 LESSON 5 - THE CONCERT

Read the following extracts and answer the questions that follow

1) “We must not miss the chance.”

a) Who said this? -Anant said this.
b) What chance did the boy not want to miss? -The chance was to listen to PRS’s concert.
c) Do you think the boy would get a chance in his future? Give reasons.
-Boy would not get the chance in his future because he was suffering from cancer.

2) “But they didn’t voice their fears.”

a) Who does ‘they’ refer to? -‘They’ refers to Anant’s parents.
b) What did they fear? -They feared that boy had not many days to live.
c) How did they behave with him? -They fulfilled his all needs.

3) “When you are better”, his mother said.“This is not the last time he is going to play.”
a) Who said this to whom? -Anant’s mother said to Anant.
b) Who is going to play? -Pandit Ravishankar.
c) What is he going to play? -He is going to play the sitar.

4) “Pandit Ravishakar is a busy man. You must not disturb him with such re quests.”
a) Who said these words? -The mustachioed man said these words.
b) Who does the word ‘you’ refer to? -‘You’ refers to Smita?
c) What was the request?
-The request was to come and play for her brother who is sick and suffering from cancer.

5) “What shall we do Ustad Sahib?”

a) Who put this question? -Pandit Ravishakar put this question.
b) Who was Ustad sahib? -Ustad sahib was a famous tabala player.
c) When did the speaker say these words?
-When Smita requested P.Ravishankar to play for her brother who is suffering from cancer.

6) They could not believe their eyes. ‘It is….not possible’, they said.
a) Who does ‘they’ refer to? -‘They’ refers to neighbors of Smita.
b) What was not possible according to them?
-PRS and Ustad would come to Smita’s house and play for the boy was not possible.
c) Why did they think so?
-PRS and Ustad are the great players. They would be very busy and no time to come to
Smita’s house and play the music.

7) “They had come with high hopes.”

a) Who does ‘they’ refer to? -They’ refers to smita’s parents.
b) What were their high hopes?
-They hoped that Anant would be cured from cancer as there were expert doctors in the hospital.
c) Why were their hopes not fulfilled?
-As Anant’s condition grew worse. The doctors asked Smita and her parents to take Anant to home.
8) “I spoke to him and he will come tomorrow morning.”
a) Who is the ‘I’? -‘I’ refers to Smita.
b) Who did she speak to? -She spoke to Pandit Ravishankar.
c) What did she speak to him?
- ’s health and his desire of listening their
music and requested them to play for her brother.

9) “It is the chance of life time.”

a) Who said this? -Anant said this.
b) What was the chance? -The chance was to listen to Pandit Ravishankar’s sitar.
c) Why was he not able to get the chance on that day?
-Because he was suffering from cancer and not able to get up. Therefore he could not go to
concert with his sister on that day.

10) "Suddenly a daring thought came to her".

-In the park.

c. What was her daring thought? -Requesting and inviting PRS.

11) "There is no harm in trying it".

a. Who said these words? -Smita.
b. What is the 'it'? -Requesting and inviting PRS to play for her brother Anant.
c. What was the result of her attempt? -Succeeded.

12) “You will wake him up. You know he needs all the sleep and rest he can get.”
a) Who does ‘you’ refer to? -Smita.
b) Who is the speaker? -Smita’s mother.
c) Why did the speaker say so?
-Because Smita was reading the newspaper report very loudly which may wake up Anant.

13) “I must hear him and see him.”

a) Who does ‘I’ refer to? -Anant.
b) Who does ‘him’ refer to? -Pandit Ravishankar.
c) Why does he want to hear him?
-Because he was inspired by P.R.S. and dreamt of becoming a famous sitarist like him.

14) “We have always done things together.”

a) Who said this? -Smita.
b) Who was it said to? -Aunt Sushila.
c) Why was the speaker in sorrow mood?
-Because her brother was in the last stage of cancer.

15) “A walk in the park might make you feel better.”

a) Who said this? -Aunt Sushila.
b) Who was it said to? -Smita.
c) Why was she not feeling better? -Because her brother was breathing the last stage of cancer.
 LESSON 7 - COLOURS OF SILENCE
1) “You can learn a great deal of things just by reading.”
a) Why do you think Satish’s father encouraged him to read?
-Satish being deaf he could not go to school so his father encouraged him to read.
b) What books did Satish read? -Satish read books like ‘the life of Garibaldi’,
‘the work of Munshi Prem chand’, ‘Saratchandra’ and several others.
c) How did reading influence Satish? -As Satish began to read it was as if the whole
world opene ere were others who had suffered more than him.

2) “We will have to look for a new school.” His father said.
a) Why did Satish’s father have to look for a new school?
-Due to frequent absence and hearing problem, the school which Satish was attending
informed his father that they could not keep him.
b)

c) What does to look for’ mean in the context? -‘

3) “You want to do this very badly, don’t you?

a) Who said these words? -Satish’s father said these words.
b) What do think made Satish’s father say this?
-Thought his father was against to it. Satish continued drawing and painting. His father
realized that his son had a great love and talent for art.
c) What did he do soon after leaving the room?
-He bought paints, brushes of all shapes-sizes and several rolls of drawing sheets for Satish.

4) “This is school for normal boys. Why don’t you take your son to the school of deaf
and dumb children?”
a) Who said his to whom? -The headmaster of the school said to Satish’s father.
b) When did the speaker say so?
-When Avatar Narain requested headmaster to take his son to his school.
c) Why did he refuse to admit the boy in his school?
-He refused because Satish was deaf and dumb and he would not do well in the school.

5) “My son is not dumb sir. His hearing is a little bad. He is under treatment and will
soon be fine.”
a) Who argued this? -Satish’s father argued this.
b) Who did he say this to? -He said this to the headmaster.
c) When did he say these words to? -When headmaster did not agree to take Satish to his school.

6) “This is an idle pastime. You would do better to read and get some knowledge.”
a) Who said this whom? -Avatar Narian said this to his son Satish
b) What does ‘Pastime’ mean? -Pastime means something one enjoys during leisure time.
c) Why did the speaker say that it was an idle pastime?
-The speaker thought that Satish would not get knowledge with an idle pastime. It would
be waste of time.
7) “It has been more than three years since he became ill. How do you think he can
recover his hearing?”
a) Who said these words to whom?-Satish’s mother said these words to his father Avatar Narian
b) How did Satish loose his hearing?
- Satish lost his hearing after he fell into the rapids while crossing the weak bridge.
c) When did the speaker say these words?
- Satish’s father had the hope that Satish would be able to hear. And he wanted to send
him to school for study. Then Satish’s mother said this.

8)

- ish.

9) “Satish’s eyes filled with tears and he did an uncharacteristic thing.”

a) When did Satish’s eyes fill tears? -When his provided him drawing materials.
b) What does ‘Uncharacteristic’ mean? -Uncharacteristic means not typical
c) What Uncharacteristic thing did he do? -Satish hugged his father tightly.

10) “Satish became a voracious reader.”

a) Who enocouraged him to read books? -His father encouraged him to read books.
b) What books did he read? -He read ‘The life of garibaldi’ the works of
Munshi Premachad and Sharat Chandra and many others.
c) What effect did the books have on him? -Satish came to know another world through
these books he came to know that there was so much suffering in the world.

11) “Why did not you come to school today?”

a) Who said this? - Surender said this.
b) Who was it said to? - Satish.
c) Why did he not go to school? - Because he was not feeling well.

12) “No, I am not well.”

a) Who is the speaker? -Satish.
b) Who was it said to? -Surender.
c) What had happened to him? -He was not feeling well. He was on bed rest.

13) “Look, how the water rushing at that spot.”

a) Who said this? -Satish.
b) Who was it said to? -Brother Inder.
c) Where did they see the spot? -At the rickety bridge over some rapids.

14) “Why do you take away his source of entertainment?”

a) Who said this? -Satish’s mother.
b) Who was it said to? -Satish’s father.
c) What was his source of entertainment? -Sketching was his source of entertainment.
 Poem 1 - Grandma climbs a tree (Summary)

Grandma Climbs A Tree poem was written by Ruskin Bond. The poet Ruskin
Bond says that his grandma was a genius old woman. She liked climbing trees very
much. She was climbing trees very quickly. She learnt climbing trees by her loving
brother at the age of 6years. Last time she climbed the tree at the age of 62
years. Once she was told to stop climbing trees by her relatives. Her relatives
advised her to live gracefully but she refused it and continued climbing trees.
One day she climbed a tree and could not come down. At that time her
relatives were in the town. Her health was upset due to fearness. She was advised
by the doctor for one week bed rest. She felt unsatisfied in the bed rest. One day
she called her son and demanded a house in tree top. Her son fulfilled her desire.
She went there and lived with joy forever.

Poem 2 – Quality of mercy (Memorization)

The quality of mercy is not strain’d;

It droppeth as the gentle rain from heaven
Upon the place beneath. It is twice blest:
It blesseth him that gives, and him that takes.
'Tis mightiest in the mightiest; it becomes

The throned monarch better than his crown.

His sceptre shows the force of temporal power,
The attribute to awe and majesty,
Wherein doth sit the dread and fear of kings;
But mercy is above this sceptred sway;

It is enthroned in the heart of kings;

It is an attribute to God himself;
And earthly power doth then show likest God’s
When mercy seasons justice.