International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD)

Volume 5 Issue 6, September-October 2021 Available Online: www.ijtsrd.com e-ISSN: 2456 – 6470

Comparison of Seismic Analysis of Multi Storyed

Building Using Shear Wall in Seismic Zones III and IV
Sonal Asnani1, Prof. Rashmi Sakalle2
1
Research Scholar, 2Associate Professor,
1,2
Department of Civil Engineering, Truba Institute of Engineering
and Information Technology, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India

ABSTRACT How to cite this paper: Sonal Asnani |

Looking to the past records of earthquakes, there's expansion inside Prof. Rashmi Sakalle "Comparison of
the interest of quake opposing structures which may be fulfilled by Seismic Analysis of Multi Storyed
giving the shear wall frameworks inside the structure. Furthermore Building Using Shear Wall in Seismic
inferable from the principal quakes inside the new taps the codal Zones III and IV" Published in
International
arrangements updated and executing extra weight age on seismic
Journal of Trend in
tremor style of construction. Typically shear divider will be Scientific Research
illustrated as the underlying vertical part that is prepared to oppose a and Development
blend of shear, second and hub load iatrogenic by parallel burden and (ijtsrd), ISSN:
gravity load move to the wall from various help. This research work 2456-6470,
centers on the correlation of seismic investigation of private Volume-5 | Issue-6, IJTSRD46437
structures utilizing supporting and shear walls. The investigation of October 2021,
the building is conveyed in each of the four seismic which are Zone pp.471-478, URL:
III and Zone IV. This investigation contains understanding the key www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46437.pdf
parts responsible for the construction to perform severely during a
seismic tremor, with the goal that they acquire their reasonable Copyright © 2021 by author(s) and
International Journal of Trend in
attributes for the further quakes. Demonstrating of the design will be
Scientific Research and Development
done through STAAD professionals. V8i programming. Times pan of Journal. This is an
the design in bidirectional is reestablished from the programming Open Access article
itself just according to IS 1893(part 1):2002 distributed under the
terms of the Creative Commons
KEYWORDS: Displacement, axial force, bending moment, base Attribution License (CC BY 4.0)
shear, STAAD professional V8i software (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)

1. INTRODUCTION
The primary requirement of humans on planet earth is reduced the effects of seismicity on the engineered
food, clothing and shelter. Prehistoric men and structures.
women used to live on trees but steadily they started
The height of a building is comparative and cannot be
developing the shelters for protection against natural
described in complete terms neither in relation to
calamities like rains, cold etc. and also from attack
height nor the number of stories. But, from an
against wild animals. Soon humans rew in knowledge
engineer's eye, the tall building or multi- storyed
and they started living together, forming communities
building can be described as the one which, in terms
to ensure additional security and man became a social
of its height, is affected by lateral forces due to wind
animal. Now these communities developed and
or earthquake or both to a limit that they play an
started exploding forming villages which later on
essential role in the structural design. Tall structures
transformed into cities and became the commercial
have allure mankind from the rise of civilization. The
centers of a region. Soon within these commercial
Egyptian Pyramids, are one of the seven wonders of
centers, land for horizontal expansion became extinct.
world, built in 2600 B.C. are among such ancient tall
The social animal started expanding vertically
structures. Such structures were made to defend and
constructing multi-storied structures. These multi-
to display pride of the population in their
storied edifice were susceptible against natural
advancement.
hazards like earthquake which was life threatening for
the residents. With the advancement in engineering Due to urbanization and increasing population in our
practices, researchers developed systems which country there is a growing demand for high-rise

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buildings. Earthquake and wind load are the biggest
problem for such buildings. Due to its
unpredictability and the huge power of destruction,
earthquake is the most destructive. Earthquakes do
not kill themselves, but there is a huge loss of human
life and properties are caused by the destruction of
structures. Building construction collapses during
earthquake, and is the reason for direct harm of
human life. Several researches have been directed to
investigate the failure of various types of buildings
under various seismic stimuli throughout the world in
the last few decades. The recent destruction of high-
rise and low-rise buildings in a devastating
earthquake proves that the process of such kind of Figure 1 Showing a Shear Wall in Building
time is needed to develop a county like India.
Therefore, seismic behaviour of asymmetric building 1.3. Objectives of Work
structures has become the subject of active research The recent study is an attempt towards analysis of the
across the world. Many discoveries have been made structure during the earthquake.
on elastic and unbalanced seismic behaviour of 1. To make a residential building is analyzed, RC
asymmetric systems to know the cause of seismic outlined structure considering distinctive seismic
vulnerability of such structures. tremor forces III and IV by reaction spectra
technique and track down the base shear an
1.1. Seismic Isolation System incentive for various constructions.
The technique of seismic isolation is now widely used 2. To carry out the Seismic analysis of RC frame
in many parts of the world. A seismic isolation with bare and different position of shear wall is
system is typically placed below the foundation of the carried out using Linear static analysis method as
structure. This isolation device is a flexible system per IS 1893 (Part I): 2002 by using STAAD-PRO
due to which it possesses good energy absorbing software.
capability. On the arrival of earthquake this system 3. To analysis various sorts of models are thought of
partially reflects and partially absorbs some of the and examination of seismic execution is
earthquake input energy before this energy gets completed.
transmitted into the structure. The net effect is a 4. To analyze the models for hub powers, minutes,
reduction of energy dissipation demand on the sidelong removals, max shear power and max
structural system, resulting in an increase in its twist and graphical and even portrayal of the
survivability. Some of the seismic isolation devices information is introduced.
proposed for dissipation of energy include
Elastomeric Bearings, Lead Rubber Bearings, 2. LITERATURE REVIEW
Combined Elastomeric and Sliding Bearings, Sliding The research of various authors has been portrayed
Friction Pendulum Systems and Sliding Bearings further.
with Restoring Forces. Montuori R. et al. (2018) intended to research the
1.2. Shear wall impact of the supporting plan on the seismic
Shear divider is an upward part that can oppose exhibitions of Moment Resisting Frames-
horizontal powers coordinated along its direction. Eccentrically Braced Frames (MRF-EBF) double
Shear dividers are primary framework comprising of frameworks, planned by two plan draws near: the first
supported boards, otherwise called Shear Panels. is the Theory of Plastic Mechanism Control (TPMC)
Substantial Shear dividers are far reaching in while the subsequent one depends on Euro code 8
numerous tremor inclined nations like Canada, (EC8) plan arrangements In examination with the
Turkey, Romania, Colombia, and Russia. upset Y-conspire, the ghastly speed increase
prompting the breakdown decreases on normal of
about 10%, 20% and 35% if there should be an
occurrence of K-plot, D plan and V-conspire,
individually. Specifically, if there should be an
occurrence of constructions planned by TPMC the
outcomes acquired show that V-plot structures
consistently display the most noticeably awful
exhibitions autonomously of the quantity of stories.

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M. S. Speicher et al. (2019) Developed a shape decreasing the redirection by expanding the strength
memory compound (SMA) based verbalized and solidness of the structure. The consequences of
quadrilateral (AQ) propping framework and this task can additionally be utilized to improve the
tentatively tried for seismic opposing applications. seismic strength of structures utilizing mix of seismic
Framework gives both reemerging and damping in an obstruction strategies.
adaptable game plan. Driven by SMA's interesting
3. METHODOLOGY
capacity to recuperate strains of up to around 8% The present study is an exertion towards investigation
through dispersion less stage change, the foundation of the design during the tremor. G+14 stories private
of the propping proposed thus is the capacity to structure is thought of. To dissect a multi-storeyed
change the energy scattering in a returning hysteretic RC outlined structure considering distinctive quake
circle using an AQ game plan. The framework kept forces III and IV Zone by reaction spectra technique
up with strength, pliability, and reappearing and track down the base shear an incentive for
subsequent to being cycled to 2% float, which is a various constructions. Seismic examination of RC
commonplace most extreme in underlying outline with exposed and diverse situation of shear
frameworks if non-primary components are to be wall is completed utilizing Linear static investigation
protected. An insightful contextual analysis exhibited strategy according to IS 1893 (Part I): 2002[22] by
that shape memory compound frameworks will in utilizing STAAD-PRO programming .For this
general circulate the deformity all the more equally investigation various kinds of models are thought of
over the tallness of the design contrasted with and correlation of seismic execution is done
customary frameworks, which is an advantageous
seismic presentation trademark. It is imagined that, by The methodology worked out to achieve the
utilizing a similar fundamental supporting mentioned objectives is as follows:
arrangement, a wide scope of power twisting 1. Modeling of the selected building in Staad pro.
reactions can be available to an architect. V8i Software.
2. Retrieved time period of structure from the
Vishal Yadav and Sandeep Singla (2019) software.
From the beginning of life on Earth it is evident that 3. Nine models as per the Indian code specification
natural catastrophes cause a lot of destruction to were prepared with III andIV Zone.
human life and property. One of the major natural A. Models including Bare frame
phenomena is the Earthquake. Sudden shaking of B. Frames with shear walls
ground is a difficult challenge to any structure
standing on earth. Due to Improper design of the 4. Applied calculated Lateral seismic forces and
structure without seismic resistance many buildings load combinations as per IS 1893-2002.
have collapsed and lives have lost during earthquakes. Analyzed the models for axial forces, moments,
Different shapes & materials of buildings have been lateral displacements, max shear force graphical and
used to achieve the strength required to withstand the tabular representation of the data is presented.
earthquake. In modern era, lots of seismic force 4. METHODS OF ANALYSIS
resisting techniques are being used to make a 4.1. Equivalent static analysis
structure/building earthquake resistant. These All designs against earthquake load should be
techniques include introducing Shear walls, Bracings, considered on the dynamic nature of the load.
base isolation, column jacketing etc. to enhance the However, for ordinary general structures, analysis by
structure. In this paper, I present a Comparative parallel linear analysis method is sufficient. This is
analysis of earthquake resisting techniques on a G+10 allowed in most exercises for regular, low-rise
story building with the help of different types of buildings. Dynamic analysis is not included in this
Shear walls & Bracings, using software he system, however, it is estimated to be responsible for
examination is done between: an un-Resisting the mobilization of the project. Firstly, the design
structure, equal shear dividers, L-formed shear base shear is calculated for the entire building, and
divider, inclining bracings, X-molded bracings and V- then it is circulated with the height of the building. At
formed bracings. The utilization of shear dividers and each floor level, thus obtained, the lateral forces are
bracings assists with fortifying then construction to distributed for different side load resistance elements.
make it more Earthquake safe. The examination in (Duggal S.K., 2010).
done on a G+10 working for seismic zone III
according to IS 1893:2002 codal arrangements. The 4.2. Nonlinear Static Analysis-
product that I have used to complete this examination This is a convenient method in which the analysis is
is Staad expert v8. It is discovered that shear dividers done under permanent vertical load and gradually
and supporting contribute to a great extent in increases the lateral load to estimate the pattern of

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distortion and damage to the structure. Nonlinear 4. Model in -SW3- Framed building with Shear wall
static investigation is the technique for seismic at the exterior side along X and Z-direction.
examination in which the structure is spoken to by the 5. Model in -SW4- Framed building with Shear wall
conduct bend, which demonstrates the connection at the exterior side around the corners.
between the base shear compel and the uprooting of
the rooftop. It is otherwise called sucker examination. This arrangement of supporting is utilized in light of
the fact that offbeat propping frameworks comprise of
4.3. Response Spectrum Method a connection component that goes through inelastic
In this method, peak responses of a structure are twisting for energy dispersal. This connection is
received directly by earthquake responses during conceivably pillar component of edge structure which
earthquake. The maximum reaction is made for the is more reasonable for steel structures and not for
undamped normal period next and for various supported substantial designs and a shear wall is a
splashing esteems, and can be communicated as far as primary board that can withstand the effect of parallel
greatest relative speed or most extreme relative powers on it.
uprooting. (Duggal S.K., 2010).
Table 2 Specifications of the building
4.4. Seismic Analysis As Per IS: 1893-2002
Specifications Data
The accurate seismic analysis of the structure is
Model G+14
extremely complex and to deal with this complexity,
Plan Size 28m x 21m
the number of researches was done in a sophisticated
and easy manner to design the earthquake resistant Plan Size 588m2
structures with the purpose of dealing with the Floor to Floor Height 3m
complex dynamic effects of seismic induced force in Total Building Height 45
the structures. Various methods of seismic analysis No. of bays along X direction 6
have been developed to determine lateral force, which No. of bays along Z direction 8
are completely linear elastic to non-linear Bay Length along X direction 3.5m
incompatible analysis. Bay Length along Z direction 3.5m
Concrete grade used M 30
Many of the analysis techniques are being used in
Frame type SMRF
design and incorporated in codes of practices of many
Column size 0.40m X 0.50m
countries. However, since in the present study our
Beam size 0.30m X 0.40m
main focus is on the Indian Standard codal
Transverse Beams 0.25m X 0.35m
provisions, the method of analysis described in IS
1893 (Part 1): 2002 are presented in this paper. Slab Thickness 0.115m
Inner Wall Thickness 0.115m
4.5. Load Combinations Outer wall 0.23m
Load combinations that are to be used for Limit state Density of Brick 20 kN/m3
Design of reinforced concrete structure are listed Grade of Concrete M-30
below. Unit Weight of Concrete 25 kN/m3
1. 1.5(DL+LL) Grade of Steel Fe 415
2. 1.2(DL+LL±EQ-X) Seismic Zone Zone III and IV
3. 1.2(DL+LL±EQ-Y)
Zone Factor corresponding to
4. 1.5(DL±EQ-X) 0.16 and 0.24
seismic zone
5. 1.5(DL±EQ-Y)
Importance Factor 1.0
6. 0.9DL±1.5EQ-X
Live Load 3.5 kN/m3
7. 0.9DL±1.5EQ-Y
Floor finish 1 kN/m3
5. STRUCTURAL MODELLING Depth of Foundation 2.5 m
5.1. Modeling of Building Frame Soil Type Medium Soil
Shear walls simplest way of reducing response of Damping Ratio 5%
building which gave rise to nine models for the Size of thickness of shear wall 0.2 m
analysis
1. Model in -BFM- Bare frame Model Building 5.2. Modeling of Bare Frame
The isometric 3D view and plan of the building
2. Model in -SW1- Framed building with Shear wall model is shown as figure. The support condition is
at the exterior side along X-direction. considered as fully fixed
3. Model in -SW2- Framed building with Shear wall
at the exterior side along Z-direction.

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Figure 3 Plan of the building Figure 6 Framed building with Shear wall at the
exterior side along Z-direction, Zone- III & IV

Figure 4 Model of the building Figure 7 Framed building with Shear wall at the
exterior side along X and Z-direction, Zone- III
5.3. Modeling of Shear Wall Frame & IV
Shear Wall considered is of 250mm thickness, and
put along the whole stature of the construction. Shear
divider has been demonstrated as rectangular segment
by expanding width to 3.5m i.e, the separating
between two segments. The shear walls are placed in
the exact locations as that of bracings, and the
analysis is done. The four locations are as follows:

Figure 8 Framed building with Shear wall at the

exterior side around the corners, Zone- III & IV
6. RESULTS
The result is based on the responses of the bare frame
model and the changes in the responses after using
bracings and shear wall. The results include changes
Figure 5 Framed building with Shear wall at the in time periods for axial forces, moments, lateral
exterior side along X-direction. Zone- III & IV displacements, max shear force and max torsion for
along X and Z direction considered individually for
different earthquake intensities III and IV by response
spectra method

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6.1. Base Shear Calculations
Load and base shear calculation has been done as per IS 1893-2002. The base shear is determined and circulated
all through the tallness at each floor of the structure.
Table 2 Base Shear Calculations for Zone- III & IV
Zone Model Type Total Mass KN Base Shear in X- dir KN
BFB 51331.76 1824.67
SW1 35518.14 1213.64
III SW2 37518.18 1333.64
SW3 36557.55 1299.5
SW4 46864.05 1665.86
BFB 51331.76 1824.67
SW1 35518.14 1909.25
IV SW2 37518.18 2000.46
SW3 36557.55 1949.25
SW4 46864.05 2498.79

Comparison of Base Shear in KN

for III & IV sesmic Zone
3000

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0
Zone-III Zone-IV

BFM SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4

Figure-9: Comparison of Base Shear

6.2. Maximum Displacements
The maximum lateral displacement for structures are presented in Table 3
Table-3: Maximum lateral displacement for Zone- IV and IV
Zone Soil Type Model Type Max Delf. Mm in Z- dir
BFB 356.139
SW1 181.754
III Medium SW2 132.765
SW3 89.346
SW4 78.165
BFB 476.985
SW1 386.534
IV Medium SW2 332.125
SW3 298.125
SW4 289.214

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Comparison of Maximum lateral displacement for

III & IV sesmic Zone
600

500

400

300

200

100

0
Zone-III Zone-IV

BFB SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4

Figure 10: Comparison of Maximum lateral displacement

6.3. Maximum Axial Force on columns
Table-4: Maximum Axial Force for Zone-III abd IV
Zone Soil Type Model Type Max. Axial Force KN-m
BFB 3662.431
SW1 5141.555
III Medium SW2 3446.125
SW3 3009.234
SW4 2703.727
BFB 4465.085
SW1 6211.149
IV Medium SW2 3453.888
SW3 3016.997
SW4 2830.390

Comparison of Maximum Max. Axial Force(KN-m)

for III & IV sesmic Zone

7000

6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

0
Zone-III Zone-IV

BFB SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4

Figure 5.11: Comparison of Maximum. Axial Force

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7. CONCLUSIONS [5] Khandelwal K., Tawil S. E., Sadek F.
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1. The area of shear-wall and support part has huge 708.
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casing. "Demonstrating of Self Centering Damper and
2. Shear wall development will give enormous its Application in Structural Control", Journal
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diminishing sidelong relocation of edge as float [7] Maheri M. R. what's more, Sahebi A. " Use of
and flat diversion actuated in shear divider outline steel propping in supported substantial flares",
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5. Shear wall development will give huge firmness Braced Steel Frames : Concepts and Design
to the structure by decreasing the harm to the Procedures", Journal of Constructional Steel
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[9] Moghaddam H., Hajirasouliha I., Doostan A.
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