Nature Programmable Photonics
Nature Programmable Photonics
Nature Programmable Photonics
net/publication/344587585
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Wim Bogaerts, Daniel Pérez, José Capmany, David A. B. Miller, Joyce Poon, Dirk Englund,
Francesco Morichetti, and Andrea Melloni
Nature 586, 207–216 (2020). DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2764-0 Openly available at
https://rdcu.be/b8caY
Abstract: The growing maturity of integrated photonic technology makes it possible to build
increasingly large and complex photonic circuits on the surface of a chip. Today, most of these
circuits are designed for a specific application, but the increase in complexity has introduced a
generation of photonic circuits that can be programmed using software for a wide variety of
functions through a mesh of on-chip waveguides, tunable beam couplers and optical phase
shifters. Here we discuss the state of this emerging technology, including recent developments
in photonic building blocks and circuit architectures, as well as electronic control and
programming strategies. We cover possible applications in linear matrix operations, quantum
information processing and microwave photonics, and examine how these generic chips can
accelerate the development of future photonic circuits by providing a higher-level platform for
prototyping novel optical functionalities without the need for custom chip fabrication.