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    Viva Questions

    Uploaded by

    Vijay Singh Gour
    The document contains questions and answers related to scales, conic sections, orthographic projections, and other topics in engineering drawing. Some key points covered include: - Types of scales used in engineering drawing include plain, diagonal, vernier, and scale of chords. - Conic sections like ellipses, parabolas, and hyperbolas are curves formed by cutting a cone with a plane. - Orthographic projections use first or third angle projection systems to project an object onto planes. - Traces, inclinations, and projections of lines and planes are discussed. - Sectioning and developing surfaces of solids are addressed.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Viva Questions

    Uploaded by

    Vijay Singh Gour
    2K views10 pages
    The document contains questions and answers related to scales, conic sections, orthographic projections, and other topics in engineering drawing. Some key points covered include: - Types of scales used in engineering drawing include plain, diagonal, vernier, and scale of chords. - Conic sections like ellipses, parabolas, and hyperbolas are curves formed by cutting a cone with a plane. - Orthographic projections use first or third angle projection systems to project an object onto planes. - Traces, inclinations, and projections of lines and planes are discussed. - Sectioning and developing surfaces of solids are addressed.

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    The document contains questions and answers related to scales, conic sections, orthographic projections, and other topics in engineering drawing. Some key points covered include: - Types of scales used in engineering drawing include plain, diagonal, vernier, and scale of chords. - Conic sections like ellipses, parabolas, and hyperbolas are curves formed by cutting a cone with a plane. - Orthographic projections use first or third angle projection systems to project an object onto planes. - Traces, inclinations, and projections of lines and planes are discussed. - Sectioning and developing surfaces of solids are addressed.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    2K views10 pages

    Viva Questions

    Uploaded by

    Vijay Singh Gour
    The document contains questions and answers related to scales, conic sections, orthographic projections, and other topics in engineering drawing. Some key points covered include: - Types of scales used in engineering drawing include plain, diagonal, vernier, and scale of chords. - Conic sections like ellipses, parabolas, and hyperbolas are curves formed by cutting a cone with a plane. - Orthographic projections use first or third angle projection systems to project an object onto planes. - Traces, inclinations, and projections of lines and planes are discussed. - Sectioning and developing surfaces of solids are addressed.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 10

    Scales

    Q1. Define R.F.?

    Ans: Representative Fraction (R.F.) is measure of reduction


    or enlargement of dimensions of an object while drawing. It
    is defined as ratio of Length of drawing to Actual length of
    object, both measured in same units. Being a ratio, R.F. is
    unit less.

    Q2. How will you find L.O.S?

    Ans: Length of Scale (L.O.S) is calculated by multiplying R.F.


    with maximum length. Length of scale will bear same unit as
    that of maximum length.

    Q3. How many types of scales are used in Engineering


    Drawing?

    Ans. The scales generally used in Engineering Drawing are


    1. Plain Scale
    2. Diagonal scale
    3. vernier Scale
    4. Scale of chords
    Some other scales are
    1. Isometric Scale
    2. Logarithmic Scale etc.

    Q4. What is the difference between Plain Scale and Diagonal


    Scale?

    Ans. A Plain scale represents two consecutive units, where


    as diagonal scale represents three consecutive units.
    Q5. What is scale of chords and why it is called so?

    Ans. Scale of chord is the scale drawn to measure angles. It


    is used to draw and measure angles without using
    protractor. It is called so because we draw a series of chords
    which subtend known angle at the centre of circle of known
    diameter.

    Q6. What is RF of scale of chords?

    Ans. It is unity.

    Q7. How will you measure given angle using scale of


    chords?

    Ans. First we have to draw an arc of radius equal to that of


    scale of chord, with vertex as centre. Then we have to take
    intercept in the divider and compare it with the known
    chords to find the measurement of given angle.

    Q8. How will you draw given angle using scale of chords?

    Ans. First we have to draw a line segment of any arbitrary


    length. We have to mark one of its end as vertex for
    drawing the angle. Then we have to set radius equal to
    length of 60º chord in the rounder, and to draw an arc with
    vertex as centre. Measure the chord of angle to be drawn
    and mark it on the arc. Join the ends of chords with the
    vertex.
    Curves
    Q1. What are conic sections and why are they called so?
    Ans. Ellipse, parabola and hyperbola are called conic
    sections because these curves appear on the surface of a
    cone when it is cut by some typical cutting planes.

    Q2. Define eccentricity?

    Ans. It is the ratio of distance of any point on the curve from


    a fixed point called focus to, its distance from a fixed line
    called directrix. I is constant for the given curve.

    Q3. Define Ellipse?

    Ans. It is locus of a point moving in a plane in such a way


    that ratio of its distance from a fixed point to its distance
    from a fixed line always remains constant and is less than
    one.

    It is locus of a point moving in a plane in such a way that


    sum of its distance from two fixed points (called foci) always
    remain constant and is equal to major axis of the ellipse.

    Q4. Name the methods to draw an ellipse?

    Ans. 1. General Method


    2. Arc of circle method
    3. Rectangle or oblong method
    4. Concentric circle method

    Q5. Define Parabola?

    Ans. It is locus of a point moving in a plane in such a way


    that ratio of its distance from a fixed point is always equal to
    its distance from a fixed line. In other words its eccentricity
    is always equal to one.

    Q6. Name the methods to draw Parabola?


    Ans. 1. General Method
    2. Rectangle method
    3. Tangent or triangle method

    Q7. Define Hyperbola?

    Ans. It is locus of a point moving in a plane in such a way


    that ratio of its distance from a fixed point to its distance
    from a fixed line always remains constant and is greater
    than one.

    It is locus of a point moving in a plane in such a way that


    difference of its distance from two fixed points (called foci)
    always remains constant and is equal to transverse axis of
    the hyperbola.

    Q8. Name the methods to draw Hyperbola?

    Ans. 1. General Method


    2. Arc of circle method
    3. orthogonal asymptotes method

    Q9. What is rectangular Hyperbola?

    Ans. When the asymptotes of the hyperbola are at right


    angles to each other it is called rectangular Hyperbola.
    Eccentricity of rectangular hyperbola is √2.

    Q10. What is the significance of normal and tangent on a


    curve?
    Ans. When force is applied on any point of the curve, we are
    more concerned with its two components, perpendicular to
    the curve and along the curve. That’s why we are interested
    in normal and tangent on the curve.

    Q11. What are the methods to draw normal and tangent on


    conics?
    Q12. What are cycloidal curves?

    Ans. It is locus of a point on the circumference of the circle


    which rolls on a straight line or curved path, without
    slipping.

    Q13. Define Cycloid?

    Ans. It is locus of a point on the circumference of the circle


    which rolls on a straight line, without slipping. The straight
    line is called directing line and the circle is called rolling or
    generating circle.

    Q14. Define Epicycloid?

    Ans. It is locus of a point on the circumference of the circle


    which rolls on another circle and outside it , without slipping.
    The fixed circle is called directing circle and the moving
    circle is called rolling or generating circle.

    Q15. Define Hypocycloid?

    Ans. It is locus of a point on the circumference of the circle


    which rolls on another circle and inside it , without slipping.
    The fixed circle is called directing circle and the moving
    circle is called rolling or generating circle.

    Q16. What property of cycloidal curves is used to draw


    normal and tangent on the curve?

    Ans. When the circle starts rolling on a straight line or


    curved path, and the point on its circumference starts
    tracing the curve, at any given position, line joining the
    point of contact of circle to the position of the point is always
    normal on the curve.
    Q17. What are the applications of cycloidal curves?

    Ans. Cycloidal curves are used in gear teeth profiles.

    Q18. What are trochoids?

    Ans. It is locus of a point on the circle (but not on the


    circumference) which rolls on a straight line or curved path
    without slipping.

    Q19. What is equiangular spiral and why it is called so?


    Ans. In a Logarithmic spiral, angle between radius vector
    and tangent at any point is always constant. That is why it is
    known as equiangular spiral.

    Q20. what are applications of conic sections?

    Ans. Ellipse is used in concrete arches, stone bridges, dams


    monuments, manholes, glands, stuffing boxes etc.

    Parabola: many bridges use parabolic supports like


    Howrah Bridge, Golden Gate Bridge. It is also used in
    reflectors of torches and headlamps. It is also use in giant
    mirrors, reflecting telescopes and antennas to collect light
    and radio signals from outer space and focus them at the
    focal point.

    Hyperbola is used in water channels, cooling towers,


    skew gears. Hyperbolic reflectors are used in Long Range
    Navigation.

    Orthographic projections
    Q1.What is orthographic projection and why it is called
    so?

    Ans. An orthographic projection is called so because


    projectors drawn from the corners of an object are parallel
    to each other and perpendicular to the plane of projection.

    Q2.What is the difference between first angle projection and


    third angle projection?

    First Angle Projection Third Angle Projection


    1 The object is placed in The object is placed in the
    the first quadrant i.e. third quadrant i.e. below the
    above the H.P. and in H.P. and in behind the V.P.
    front of the V.P.
    2 The object lies between The plane lies between the
    plane and observer. object and the observer.
    3 The plane of projection The plane of projection is
    is assumed to be non- assumed to be transparent.
    transparent.
    4 In this projection, In this projection,
    considering the F.V as considering the F.V as
    reference, L.S.V. of reference, L.S.V. of object is
    object is drawn on its drawn on its left, R.S.V. is
    right, R.S.V. is drawn drawn on its right and T.V. is
    on its left and T.V. is drawn above it.
    drawn below it.

    Q3. What is symbol of first angle projection?


    Q4 What is symbol of third angle projection?

    Q5 What do you mean by elevation?


    Ans. Elevation means front view.

    Q6 What do you mean by plan?


    Ans. Plan means Top view.

    Projection of Straight Lines


    Q1. What are traces of a straight line and how are they
    located?

    Ans. The points of intersection of the straight line with the


    principal planes (H.P. and V.P.), on extension or without
    extension are known as the Horizontal Trace and Vertical
    Trace respectively.
    They are located by extending the F.V. and T.V ( if
    required). The point of intersection of the F.V. with xy line
    gives the F.V. (h’) of the H.T. Intersection of the projector
    of the h’ with the T.V. of the line or its extension gives the
    h.
    Similarly, the point of intersection of the T.V. with xy
    line gives the T.V. (v) of the V.T. Intersection of the
    projector of the v with the F.V. of the line or its extension
    gives the v’

    Q2. What is the difference between true inclination and


    apparent inclination?

    Projection of Planes
    Q1. What do you mean by oblique plane?
    Ans. If
    Q2. Describe the strategy to draw projections of an oblique
    plane?
    Q3. What is auxiliary plane?
    Q4. How will you classify auxiliary planes?
    Q5. What do you mean by A.I.P.?
    Q6. What do you mean by A.V.P.?
    Q7. What do you mean by P.P.?
    Q8. How auxiliary planes are represented?

    Projection of solids

    Q1. What is the difference between frustum of solid and


    truncated solid?
    Q2. What do you mean by right solid?
    Q3. What is the difference between prism and pyramid?

    Section of Solids
    Q1. How cutting planes are represented?
    Q2. What is the significance of section of solid?

    Development of surfaces of solids


    Q1. What do you mean by Development of solid?
    Q2. Classify the methods of development of solids?
    Q3. What are the methods for development of sphere?
    Q4. What do you mean by Antidevelopment?
    Q5. What is parallel line method and when it is used?
    Q6. What is radial line method and when it is used?
    Q7. What is triangulation method and when it is used?
    Q8. what are approximate methods and on which solids
    these are used?
    Q9. What is zone method?
    Q10. What is lune method?

    Isometric Projections
    Q1. What is the difference between isometric view and
    isometric projection?
    Q2. What are the advantages of isom`etric projections?
    Q3. How will you draw isometric projection of sphere?
    Q4. Define Isometric projection?
    Q5. What are the advantages of isometric drawing over
    isometric projections?
    Q6. How will you draw orthographic projections of a regular
    tetrahedron?
    Q7. What do you mean by isometric axes?
    Q8. What do you mean by isometric planes?

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