Acknowledgement

I would like to express my special thanks of

gratitude to my teacher Mr. Anand Yadav who
gave me the golden opportunity to do this
wonderful project on the topic “Chemical used
in our daily life”, which also helped me in doing
a lot of Research and I came to know about so
many new things I am really thankful to them.
Secondly I would also like to thank my parents
and friends who helped me a lot in finalizing
this project within the limited time frame.
 Content
1. Introduction about the chemicals…………1
2. Advantages of chemicals …………….…..2
3. Disadvantages of chemicals ……………...3
4. List of chemicals………………………….4
5. Chemicals used in homes…………………6
6. Harmful chemicals……………….……….9
7. Protect from chemicals…………………..11
 Introduction about the chemicals:

A chemical substance is a form of matter having

constant chemical composition and characteristic
properties. Some references add that chemical substance
cannot be separated into its constituent elements by
physical separation methods, i.e., without
breaking chemical bonds. Chemical substances can
be simple substances, chemical compounds,
or alloys. Chemical elements may or may not be included
in the definition, depending on expert viewpoint.
Chemical substances are often called 'pure' to set them
apart from mixtures. A common example of a chemical
substance is pure water; it has the same properties and the
same ratio of hydrogen to oxygen whether it is isolated
from a river or made in a laboratory. Other chemical
substances commonly encountered in pure form
are diamond (carbon), gold, table salt (sodium chloride)
and refined sugar (sucrose). However, in practice, no
substance is entirely pure, and chemical purity is specified
according to the intended use of the chemical.
Chemical substances exist as solids, liquids, gases,
or plasma, and may change between these phases of
matter with changes in temperature or pressure.
Chemical substances may be combined or converted
to others by means of chemical reactions.
Forms of energy, such as light and heat, are not
matter, and are thus not "substances" in this regard.
 Advantages of chemicals in our daily life:
1. One of the most important advantage in the
field of chemistry was the invention
of “plastics". plastics have replaced many
other materials as they handy and economical.
2. Another two important chemicals are acids
and bases. acids are present in orange and
lemon which are tangy and sharp and are also
present in fizzy drinks and vinegar which is
used for digestion.
3. The baking soda is acts as a medicine to put
on bee stings which are acidic in nature.
 Disadvantages of chemicals in our daily life:
1. The use of plastics has an adverse effect on the
environment. though plastics are useful, it is non-
biodegradable and is harmful
2. The excessive use of fertilizers can spoil the
environment and improper usage can result in
 failure of crops in agriculture and is harmful for
the microorganisms in the soil.

How to avoid these toxic chemicals at home?

 Buy fresh and organic produce as often as
possible
 Avoid using chemical based insecticides at
home. There are safer alternatives in the market
today. You can also look for safer
alternatives here.
 Use natural cleaning products in your home.
 Use BPA and phthalate free plastics.
 Find the Paraben Free label in your cosmetics
and skin care products.
 Choose natural brands for your toiletries.
 Keep your home well ventilated.

Common name Molecular Formula and

S: No
of the Chemical IUPAC name
Use

1 Baking powder NaHCO3; sodium Used for baking

bicarbonate for cooking,
releases CO2 in
 reaction with
other ingredients

Used for bathing

2 Soap Esters and washing
clothes

Sodium sulphate, sodium

Used for washing
3 Detergent hydroxide and phosphate
clothes
compounds

Used for cleaning

Calcium carbonate,
4 Toothpaste teeth while
sodium fluoride
brushing

Used in seasoning
for cooking; also
5 Salt NaCl; Sodium Chloride
used as
preservative

Used as
preservative and
C2H4O2 for seasoning
6 Vinegar foods. Utilized
acetic acid, ethanoic acid
for various
household
cleaning uses.
7 Graphite Carbon Used in Pencil
 Used in alcoholic
8 Alcohol Ethanol(C2H6O)
drinks
Commonly used
Bleaching domestic bleach.
9 NaOCl
Powder Used for cleaning
purposes
Used in cooking
10 Sugar Sucrose; C12H22O11
as sweetner
C9H8O4; acetyl salicylic Used in various
11 Aspirin
acid medicines
H2O2; hydrogen Used for personal
12 Mouthwash
peroxide, hygiene.

Which chemicals have you adopted in your

home?
Pesticides – are a class of biocide. It covers a wide
range of products such as mosquito sprays, other
insect repellents and even anti-microbial sanitizers.
It can cause irritations to the skin, nose, eyes and
throat when mistakenly sprayed directly. Low dose
exposure to pesticides is not fatal, but over time,
continuous exposure can lead to several diseases
affecting the nervous and reproductive systems and
your kidneys. According to the EPA, pesticides can
cause Cancer.
Phthalates and PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) – is a
cheap and easy to use material. It is often used as
construction materials and can be found in plastic
products. When PVC is burned, it releases dioxin –
one of the most toxic substances known. You can
often find this substance in your blinds, flooring,
PVC vinyl shower curtains, baby’s toys, cosmetics
and most of the plastic products you have at home.
Plastic food containers and water bottles can

leak phthalates into your food and water, which

caused endocrine system damage and is especially
harmful to children and pregnant women.
Parabens – are used as a preservative in cosmetics
and other pharmaceutical products. They are also
used as food additives. Check the ingredients of your
cosmetics and skin care products and you will find
“paraben” somewhere there. It is said to cause breast
cancer, since it mimics the hormone estrogen. It has
also been blamed for decreased male fertility and
endocrine problems.

Bisphenol A or BPA – is a chemical found in hard

plastics and in the coatings of food and drink cans
and in majority of the everyday products we use –
baby bottles, water bottles, even dental fillings,
household electronics and many more. BPA is an
endocrine disruptor and can interfere in the behavior
of hormones in our body. It causes reproductive
disorders, male

impotence, heart disease and asthma. It affects the

quality of a woman’s eggs and can cause breast
cancer. 
A CDC study showed that 95% of human adult urine
samples and 93% of children urine samples had
Bisphenol A.
Ammonia – has been used in households for
decades. It is used in cleaning products and can
remove most tarnishes and mildew, hence its
 popularity. Direct exposure to ammonia can irritate
your eyes and lungs and in direct contact with the
skin, can cause burns or rashes. When mixed with
bleach or other chlorine products – it can produce
deadly chloramine gas.
Chemicals in our everyday life harm our health
 Chemicals in cosmetics may harm women's
health. Chemicals that are widely used in cosmetics
and personal care products can cause changes in
women's reproductive hormones, a new study has
found.
 Cleaning products might make children overweight.
 Dangers lurking in tattoo ink,
Are chemicals harmful to my health?
Most of the chemicals we encounter on a daily basis
are not harmful to our health as long as we exercise
caution. For example, by following instructions on
household products we can greatly reduce our
exposure to the chemicals they may contain.
In Canada, there are many laws and standards in
place to protect us from the risks of potentially
harmful chemicals. In most cases, levels of
chemicals in the environment are well below those
that are harmful. Under certain conditions however,
some chemicals may pose a risk to human health.
This depends on the type of chemical, the amount in
question, the length of time a person is exposed to
the chemical and when the exposure occurred, and
the route of exposure (i.e., through food, water, air,
etc.).
Some people may be more sensitive to chemical
exposure as a result of their physiology, behaviour,
geographical location or their living and working
environments. These vulnerable populations may
include children, pregnant women and seniors.
How can harmful chemicals affect my
health?
In some instances, exposure to certain chemicals can
cause serious health problems. These effects can be
classified as short-term, those occurring immediately
after contact; and long-term, those which occur after
an extended period of time. Short-term health effects
usually occur because of an accident or an incorrect
use of a product. Examples of short-term effects
include burns and poisoning.
 Long-term health effects are usually caused by
exposure to harmful chemicals at much smaller
doses over longer periods of time. These long-term
effects can include cancer and effects on various
organs of the body. Exposure to certain chemicals in
early developmental stages, such as the fetus or
infant, can lead to birth defects, and mental and
physical developmental problems in children that
can continue into adulthood.

What can I do to protect my health?

Be aware of the possible environmental health risks
that could be hidden in your home or surroundings
and take action to lessen these risks. There are a
number of precautions you can easily take to protect
your health:
 opening your windows can refresh your indoor air,
since some household items can release chemicals
into the air;
 air out mattresses and other new furniture before use
and when possible, look for low-emission products;
 if you live in an older neighbourhood that may still
have lead in the water service lines, flush water
through your taps for a short time before you use it
to reduce possible lead exposure;
 make sure children only use non-toxic arts and crafts
materials that are made for children;
 keep household chemicals in their original
containers;
 store paints, varnishes and similar products outside,
away from the house and in suitable containers;
 keep all chemical products and pesticides out of
sight and out of reach of children and animals, and
make sure child-resistant containers are working;
 use solvents in well-ventilated areas and never mix
chemicals together as some mixtures can produce
harmful gases.
Labels with hazard symbols and safety warnings
give information you need to know to use the
product safely. If there is anything in the label
instructions that you do not understand, contact the
manufacturer. By following the instructions for
proper usage, storage and disposal, you can reduce
the risk of harmful exposure.
 References
 https://www.google.com
 https://www.quora.com
 https://en.wikipedia.org
 http://www.chemicals.com
 http://www.chemistry.com