Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 229 views

    Morphology of Mushroom

    Uploaded by

    Tushar Jadhav
    The morphology of mushrooms consists of several key structures. The mycelium in the substrate produces fruiting bodies when conditions are right. These begin as small knobs and grow into mushrooms. Mushrooms have a stem (stipe) that supports an umbrella-shaped cap (pileus). On the underside of the cap are gills or lamellae, initially covered by a partial veil that tears as the cap expands. Some mushrooms also have a universal veil that covers young buttons and leaves remnants like a volva. The key parts and structures of common mushrooms like Agaricus bisporus, Pleurotus spp., and Volvariella spp. are described.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Morphology of Mushroom

    Uploaded by

    Tushar Jadhav
    229 views11 pages
    The morphology of mushrooms consists of several key structures. The mycelium in the substrate produces fruiting bodies when conditions are right. These begin as small knobs and grow into mushrooms. Mushrooms have a stem (stipe) that supports an umbrella-shaped cap (pileus). On the underside of the cap are gills or lamellae, initially covered by a partial veil that tears as the cap expands. Some mushrooms also have a universal veil that covers young buttons and leaves remnants like a volva. The key parts and structures of common mushrooms like Agaricus bisporus, Pleurotus spp., and Volvariella spp. are described.

    Original Title

    Morphology-of-mushroom

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The morphology of mushrooms consists of several key structures. The mycelium in the substrate produces fruiting bodies when conditions are right. These begin as small knobs and grow into mushrooms. Mushrooms have a stem (stipe) that supports an umbrella-shaped cap (pileus). On the underside of the cap are gills or lamellae, initially covered by a partial veil that tears as the cap expands. Some mushrooms also have a universal veil that covers young buttons and leaves remnants like a volva. The key parts and structures of common mushrooms like Agaricus bisporus, Pleurotus spp., and Volvariella spp. are described.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    229 views11 pages

    Morphology of Mushroom

    Uploaded by

    Tushar Jadhav
    The morphology of mushrooms consists of several key structures. The mycelium in the substrate produces fruiting bodies when conditions are right. These begin as small knobs and grow into mushrooms. Mushrooms have a stem (stipe) that supports an umbrella-shaped cap (pileus). On the underside of the cap are gills or lamellae, initially covered by a partial veil that tears as the cap expands. Some mushrooms also have a universal veil that covers young buttons and leaves remnants like a volva. The key parts and structures of common mushrooms like Agaricus bisporus, Pleurotus spp., and Volvariella spp. are described.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 11

    MORPHOLOGY OF

    MUSHROOM
    The mycelium of the fungus is present in the substratum
    and produce fruiting bodies when the conditions are
    conducive. The fruit bodies begin as tiny knob of tissue
    arising from the underground mycelium. It grows into a
    button, which later enlarges to form a well-developed
    fruiting body. The fruiting body of the mushroom consists
    of a stem (Stipe), which supports as expanded, umbrella-
    shaped cap (Pileus).
    On the underside of the umbrella are the gills or lamellae,
    which in the young stage are enclosed by a membrane that
    extends from the margin of the pileus to stipe. This
    membrane is known as Partial veil and usually tears around
    the margin of the pileus as the latter expands but remains
    attached to the stipe where it forms a ring (Annulus). In
    some mushrooms, the young buttons are covered by a
    membrane called Universal veil or General veil. When the
    cap expands, the veil is torn and the remnants at the base
    form Volva and some of the fragments remain attached to the
    pileus surface
    1. Agaricus bisporus: The Button Mushroom
    Cap: 3-16 cm, convex to broadly convex or nearly flat in age;
    dry; smooth or with pressed-down or small scales; white in
    some varieties, brown in others. Gills free from the stem;
    close; pinkish to pinkish brown at first, becoming dark brown
    to blackish. Stem 2-8 cm long; 1-3 cm. thick; sturdy; more or
    less equal; smooth or with small scales below the ring; white,
    often bruising brownish; with a ring that sometimes disappears
    in maturity. Flesh ¬ white and firm; usually bruising and
    staining brownish (see top illustration).Odour and taste
    pleasant. Chemical Reactions -cap not yellow with KOH.
    Spore print brown .Microscopic Features -spores 5.5-8.5 x 4-
    6.5 μ; elliptical; smooth. Basidia 2-spored.
    1. Pleurotus spp.:The Oyster mushroom
    The cap of oyster mushroom is tongue shaped ,
    maturing to a shell shaped form , 50-150 mm in
    diameter , whitish to grey to blue grey in colour .
    Flesh is thin and white, margin is occasionally
    wavy, gills are white, recurrent, broadly spaced,
    stem attached in an off - centred fashion and is
    short at first and absent in age. Spores are whitish
    to lilac grey in mass, mycelium whitish, fast
    growing rhizomorphic to linear. Basidia tetra
    poplar, producing 4 haploid spores, heterothallic,
    clamp connections present. Because of the allergic
    nature of spores, some spore less strain has also
    been developed.
    1. Volvariella spp.: The Paddy straw mushroom
    Mushrooms are white initially, become dark tan in colour as
    the veil tease and then changes to a pale tan with age.
    Fruiting bodies are small when young enveloped by a sheath
    like universal veil, which soon breaks as fruit bodies mature,
    leaves an irregular cup-like sack at the base of the stem
    known as volva. Cap 5-15 cm broad, egg shaped and
    expands to campanulate or convex with slight umbo. Gills
    are free, white first and soon pinkish, spores are pinkish to
    pinkish brown in mass, 7.5–9 x 4–6 μ in size. Stem 4-20 cm
    long, solid, smooth and white to yellowish in colour. Stem
    base is encased in a thick volva .Basidia are tetrapolar ,
    producing four haploid spores , primary homothallic, clamp
    connections are present, form cheilocystidia, pleurocystidia
    and chalamydospores.

    You might also like