18TE72 - Wireless Communication

Experiential Learning Report

On

“Comparison of Conventional Networks and SDN”

Submitted by

Chirag Bakshi 1RV18TE008 chiragbakshi.te18@rvce.edu.in

Kushal Agarwal 1RV18TE020 kushalagarwal.te18@rvce.edu.in

Under the guidance of

Ms. Neethu S
Associate Professor
Dept. of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering
RV College of EngineeringⓇ
Bengaluru

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Sl TITLE PAGE
No.
1 Abstract 3
2 Introduction 3
3 Background Theory 4
4 Objective 4
5 Hospital Segments 4
6 Features and Services 4
7 Cost of Network 4
8 Definitions 5
9 MODEL STRUCTURE 6-7
9 Network Configuration 7
10 Conclusion 8

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 1. ABSTRACT
The Internet has caused the advent of a digital society; wherein almost everything is
connected and available from any place. Thus, regardless of their extensive adoption,
traditional IP networks are yet complicated and arduous to operate. Therefore, there
is difficulty in configuring the network in line with the predefined procedures and
responding to the load modifications and faults through network reconfiguring.
The current networks are likewise vertically incorporated to make matters far more
complicated: the control and data planes are bundled collectively. Software-Defined
Networking (SDN) is an emerging concept which aims to change this situation by
breaking vertical incorporation, promoting the logical centralization of the network
control, separating the network control logic from the basic switches and routers, and
enabling the network programming.
SDN makes it less difficult and facilitates to make and introduce new concepts in
networking through breaking the issue of the network control into tractable parts,
simplifies the network management and facilitates the development of the network. In
this paper, the SDN is reviewed; it introduces SDN, explaining its core concepts, how it
varies from traditional Furthermore, we presented the crucial advantages and challenges
of SDN security, flexibility, and performance.

2. INTRODUCTION
2.1 Traditional Networking vs. SDN
As networks are increasingly growing in size and requirements, navigating hardware
switches has become a challenge. Setting up individual network software switches
manually has been very complicated and time-consuming for businesses running highly
virtual systems alongside large networks. This is where SDN comes into the game. SDN
can be described as a network approach that enables network operators to
programmatically set up, track, change and control network operation through
open interfaces such as the OpenFlow.
The SDN transforms the operation, management, and configuration of the network
infrastructures.
● The SDN's view is based on separating the data plane from the control plane.
● SDN proposes to concentrate network intelligence on a single network
component by distinguishing the data packet forwarding mechanism (data
plane) from the routing process (control plane).
In this paper, the SDN is reviewed; it introduces SDN, explaining it varies from
traditional networking, and its architecture principles. Furthermore, we presented the
crucial advantages and challenges of SDN.

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3. BACKGROUND THEORY
For the control plane, traditional networking implements a distributed paradigm. For each
network device, protocols such as ARP, STP, OSPF, EIGRP, BGP, and others operate
independently.
These network devices connect, but no centralized machine manages the whole network
or summarizes. The most critical difference between conventional networking and SDN
is that traditional networking is hardware-based, whereas SDN is usually software-based.
SDN is more versatile since it is software-based, helping users better control and ease
handling resources remotely in the control plane and facilitates making and introducing
new concepts in networking through breaking the issue of the network control into
tractable parts, simplifies the network management and facilitates development of the
network.
In this paper, the SDN is reviewed; it introduces SDN, explaining networking, and its
architecture principles. , focusing on scalability, networking based, whereas SDN is
usually more versatile helping users better control and ease handling.

Fig1. Architecture of SDN

Traditional networks utilize switches, routers, and other physical hardware to produce
connections and operate the network. A northbound interface that communicates with
Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) is used in SDN controllers. Because of this

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connectivity, device developers, as opposed to using the protocols required for
conventional networking, can explicitly program the network. Conventional networks are
used to mount all data planes and control aircraft in one physical unit and then to share
their capacity, increase the traffic load and the burden on the CPU and memory in two
processes. Detachments of control planes and data planes in SDN can be easily monitored
and managed by the controller and network to take the right ride decisions and thus
enable the network to better configure with a less traffic load, by separating these
processes and having a dedicated server. SDN is considered a popular alternative to
traditional networking because it allows IT managers to provide extra physical
infrastructure services and bandwidths without requiring an investment. In order to
expand the network power, traditional networking requires new hardware.

Fig2. Architecture of the traditional network and SDN.

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The main differences between the traditional networking architecture and SDN
architecture as clarified in Table 1.

Table 1.

Fig3. Centralizing control plane

● It can be defined as a control layer.
● It encompasses a series of software-based SDN controllers that provide
a centralized control defined API to oversee network forwarding actions
through an open .
● Generally, The control plane consists of three primary layers: the device
layer, the network operating system layer, and the To connect with t

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4. BENEFITS OF SDN
Benefits of SDN One of SDN's key benefits is that it provides a platform for
promoting more data-intensive software, for instance, virtualization and big data.
4.1 Centralized networking management SDN can control the whole network
from a centralized unit called a central node to automate network administration and
security and ensure that security and policy knowledge is reliably communicated across
the organization
4.2 Reduced hardware costs SDN uses the software principle to create a network
with the minimal hardware available, removing the need for manual assistance and the
expense of setup by leveraging the organizational performance and improving network
usage by utilizing the virtualization concept.
4.3 Cloud abstraction Cloud computing is here to remain, and a unified
infrastructure is emerging. It is easier to unify cloud services by abstracting cloud
infrastructure using SDN. The networking elements that make up large data center
systems can all be controlled.
4.4 Security approach It gets easier to track and control the security features
when there is a single management console for networking. It may not have to deal with
several applications around the system or be dependent on them. It operates from one
central point easily and provides a better security strategy. When there is a security-
related alarm, the same console may also be used to disperse information. In order to
keep up with network management, virtualization has made it more complex for IT
administrators. Applying filtering rules and firewalls can be challenging for many virtual
devices connected to the physical networks. With SDN, it is possible to monitor and
spread all information and safety measures consistently within the organization.
4.5 Automation Today's network does not have to deal with internet access,
unlike before. With SDN, it is also possible to adjust the cloud's automatic responses. In
environments like enterprise-wide SD-WAN networks, the process works well

5. CHALLENGES OF SDN

Even though SDN is identified as the basic solution to the problems that the infrastructure
of the expanding network is facing, it is still in its infancy phase. In addition to many
others, advantages such as better functionality, lower cost, and higher efficiency have
been laid out, but different challenges also demand attention. Challenges arise as SDN is
generally accepted and new alternatives are being suggested providing limited internet
access for the visitors.

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6. SCALABILITY
The main problems faced by SDN are scalability. From this single problem,
two sub-issues can be extracted:
(a) scalability of the controller
(b) scalability of the network node.
A single controller can handle up to 6 million flows per second. Therefore, this
demonstrates that for a large number of data forwarding nodes, only one controller
or several controllers can manage control plane services needed. To enhance
scalability, rather than functioning on a peer-to-peer basis, the logically centralized
controller should be physically distributed. However, the problems faced by the
controller when interaction happens will be shared between network nodes,
whether it be a distributed or peer-to-peer controller network. Hyper Flow and
Onix are known as efficient means of achieving scalability. Through allocating and
partitioning network status to separate physically dispersed controllers, Onix runs.
HyperFlow is an application that allows for the interconnection of OpenFlow
networks that are individually controlled. Specifically, the events that allow
changes to the network condition will be distributed by the HyperFlow program,
then all the distributed events will be replayed by the other controllers to reproduce
the situation. As such, with the same homogeneous network topology, any
controller will operate.
7. SURVEY DISCUSSION & ANALYSIS
Traditional networks are complicated and difficult to control. Most of the reasons for this
are that data and control planes are vertically integrated and specific to the manufacturer.
SDN provided an opportunity to resolve these long-standing issues by decoupling the
Data plane and Control plane, making the network more flexible and centralized the
control network. For this reason, many studies focused on SDN and its utilization instead
of traditional networking.
The authors showed that using the SDN approach within networks decreases packet loss
and increases the bandwidth. The study presented a secure and systemic SDN framework
capable of avoiding spoofing attacks and DoS with a common SDN router configuration
overhead. The reference [84] proposed TEDR algorithms that can achieve optimum
connection use if the SDN nodes are deployed as 30 percent as complete SDN and have a
small effect on routing efficiency. The research explored that using SD Guardian can
reduce table-miss special attacks. The authors showed that edgebased control on the
centralized SDN controller could significantly handle higher network load while
maintaining lower latency. The reference found that by using the MCBLB algorithm in
the SDN network, the load balancing is increased by up to 14 %.

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The author discussed how to prevent ARP spoofing without using any additional
hardware and software but only by extending the SDN controller by a module. The
results of the simulation showed that the suggested mechanism is stable against the attack
of ARP spoofing. The clarified that using sFlow technology embedded in the controller
shows that the method can detect and reduce DDoS attacks. The study discussed that
SDN provides a mechanism allowing the use of flow rules to modify and re-program the
data plane easily. They developed optimization architecture and associated flow
configuration algorithms that reduce the configuration time by 55% and average time to
recover interrupted flows by 40 %. The showed that under DoS attacks, Flow Keeper
maintains more than 80 percent bandwidth and can prevent unauthorized topology
changes by screening out forged LLDP packets. The authors explored that Phish Limiter
is an efficient and effective solution for detecting and preventing phishing attacks within
SDN networks. The reference demonstrated an inverse relation between the unit cost of
the service and the control scalability of the architecture where more scalable architecture
contributes to lower unit cost of service. The research found that using SDN-Guard the
DoS attacks on the performance of SDN controllers decreased by up to 32%. The authors
showed that SDN can benefit from big data, where big data and SDN joint design will
become a promising approach for networking big data.

CONCLUSION
SDN is an evolving networking paradigm that enables a standardized programming
capability to control network behavior. Since SDN is a modern approach to networking,
this architecture has been used to redesign various solutions to classical network
problems, while several issues remain challenging. SDN provides efficient and automatic
control of the network that meets the need for increased complexity of the network and
many other software domains. This paper reviewed the SDN networking paradigm design
with the related open study challenges and revised some of the work performed with each
challenge, including scalability, security, reliability, and performance. Moreover, several
certain issues in SDN still require additional study attention to prevent inherited issues
from the legacy networks, like standardizing the SDN modules and introducing new
unique procedures developed for SDN. To develop innovative ideas for controllers that
are the brains of the SDN design, the study needs to concentrate more on the control
plane. As the control plane is a point of failure for the entire network, several security
measures should be considered.
As a result, SDN plays a vital role in redesigning various solutions to classical network
problems, while several issues remain challenging. It also provides efficient and
automatic control of the network that meets the need for increased complexity of the
network and many other software domains.
An unsuccessful attempt to invest in a new deal left a start-up cautious. We helped them
to work out what the consumer actually needs to buy with Service Design. The emphasis

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on customer travel actually dominates the service architecture, such that the increasingly
diverse problems facing public institutions and industries are not enough in itself. The
combination of structural architecture capability and an interdisciplinary approach is vital
for tackling diverse problems in the public sector.

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