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Assignment 8: Applications of Integration, Pappus Theorem

1. This document contains 11 problems involving applications of integration and the Pappus theorem to find volumes and surface areas of solids of revolution. 2. The problems involve setting up integrals to find volumes using techniques like washer/shell methods and applying the Pappus theorem to find surface areas of solids generated by rotating regions about axes. 3. The solutions show the setup of the integrals or applications of the Pappus theorem to find requested values like volumes, surface areas, or positions where these values are maximized.

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San Ria
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48 views

Assignment 8: Applications of Integration, Pappus Theorem

1. This document contains 11 problems involving applications of integration and the Pappus theorem to find volumes and surface areas of solids of revolution. 2. The problems involve setting up integrals to find volumes using techniques like washer/shell methods and applying the Pappus theorem to find surface areas of solids generated by rotating regions about axes. 3. The solutions show the setup of the integrals or applications of the Pappus theorem to find requested values like volumes, surface areas, or positions where these values are maximized.

Uploaded by

San Ria
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment 8: Applications of Integration, Pappus Theorem

1. (D) Find the area of the region in the first quadrant bounded on the left by
√
the Y -axis, below by the curve x = 2 y, above left by the curve x = (y − 1)2 ,
and above right by the line x = 3 − y.

2. (D) Sketch the graph of r = 1 + sin θ. Find the area of the region that is inside
the circle r = 3 sin θ and also inside r = 1 + sin θ.

3. (T) Sketch the graphs r = cos(2θ) and r = sin(2θ). Also, find their points of
intersection.

4. (T) A curved wedge is cut from a cylinder of radius 3 by two planes. One
plane is perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder. The second plane crosses the
first plane at a 45◦ angle at the center of the cylinder. Find the volume of the
wedge.

5. (D) The region bounded by the curve y = x2 + 1 and the line y = −x + 3 is


revolved about the X-axis to generate a solid. Find the volume of the solid.

6. (D) The region in the first quadrant bounded by the parabola y = x2 , the
Y -axis and the line y = 1 is revolved about the line x = 2 to generate a solid.
Find the volume of the solid.

7. (T) Let f be a continuous function on R. A solid is generated by rotating about


the X-axis, the region bounded by the curve y = f (x), the X-axis and the lines
x = a and x = b. For fixed a, the volume of this solid between a and b is
b3 + b2 − ab − a3 for each b > a. Find f (x).

8. (D) Find the area of the surface generated by revolving the curve y = x3 , 0 ≤
x ≤ 1/2, about the X-axis.

9. (T) A square is rotated about an axis lying in the plane of the square, which
intersects the square only at one of its vertices. For what position of the axis,
is the volume of the resulting solid of revolution the largest?

10. (D) A regular hexagon is inscribed in the circle x2 + (y − 2)2 = 1 and is rotated
about the X-axis. Find the volume and the surface area of the solid so formed.

11. (T) Find the centroid of the semicircular arc (x − r)2 + y 2 = r2 , r > 0 described
in the first quadrant. If this arc is rotated about the line y + mx = 0, m > 0,
determine the generated surface area A and show that A is maximum when
m = π/2.

MTH101R Digitally signed by MTH101R


DN: cn=MTH101R, o, ou, email=gp@iitk.ac.in, c=IN
Date: 2011.03.05 01:06:52 +05'30'
Assignment 8 - Solutions
R1 √ x2
R2 x2
1. Area= (1 + x − 4
)dx + (3 − x − 4
)dx = 52 .
0 1
π π
R6 R2
2. Area= 2. 21 [ (3 sin θ) dθ + (1 + sin θ)2 dθ] =
2 5π
4
.
0 π
6

3. Let r = cos 2θ. Between θ = 0 to θ = π4 , we plot (r, θ) (in polar coordinate) i.e.,
for each θ we find r. The graph lies in the first quadrant for these θ0 s.
Note that, since r is negative for θ = π4 to θ = π2 , if we sketch the graph for these
θ0 s, the graph appears in the third quadrant.
Whenever (r, θ) ∈ G, the graph, we see that (r, −θ), (r, π − θ), (r, π + θ) ∈ G.
Therefore, there is symmetry about the x-axis, y-axis and the origin.
Let r = sin 2θ. Again, we see that there is symmetry about the x-axis, y-axis
and the origin.
√
4. Each cross section is a rectangle of area A(x) = x.2. 9 − x2 . Therefore the
volume
R3 √
V = 2x 9 − x2 dx = 18.
0

5. Use the washer method: The outer radius , r2 (x) = −x + 3 and the inner radius
r1 (x) = x2 + 1.
R1
V = π((−x + 3)2 − (x2 + 1)2 )dx = 117 π3 .
−2

6. By the shell method: Observe that shell radius =2 − x and the shell height
=1 − x2 .
R1
The volume V = 2π(2 − x)(1 − x2 )dx = 13π
6
.
0
The volume can also be computed by the washer method.
Rt
7. For each t ≥ a, let V (t) = πf (x)2 dx = t3 + t2 − at − a3 .
a

From the first fundamental theorem of calculus, V 0 (t) = πf (t)2 = 3t2 + 2t − a.


q
2
Thus, f (t) = 3t +2t−a
π
.
1
R2
8. S = 2πyds.
0
p √ 61π
Since y = x3 , ds = dx2 + dy 2 ⇒ ds = 1 + 9x4 dx. Therefore S = 1728
.

9. By Pappus Theorem V (θ) = 2πρA, where ρ is the distance of the centroid from
the axis and A is the area of the square.
V (θ) = 2πa2 √a2 sin θ. The volume will be largest if θ = π2 .
√
11. From the figure, the area of the hexagon is 3 2 3 and the perimeter is 6. ρ = 2
10
since the centroid is (0, 2).
√
By Pappus theorem, V = 6 3π and S = 24π.

10. Let the coordinates of the centroid be (r, y0 ).


11
2r
By Pappus Theorem, 4πr2 = 2ππry0 . Hence y0 = π
and the centroid has
coordinates (r, 2r
π
).
mr+ 2r
Distance of centroid from the line y = −mx is ρ = √ π
1+m2
.
Again, by Pappus Theorem, we see that A = 2πρπr.
dA
dm
= 0 ⇒ m = π2 . Easy to see that A has a maxima at π2 .

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