11

Oral Communication
In Context
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Nature, Process &
Functions of Communication

Student’s Name: _____________________________________________

Section: _____________________ Score:__________________

Teacher’s Name: Barri, John Mark M. LPT. Contact No.:09568378692

Date Received:__________________ Date Returned:_________

All rights reserved. No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted in

any form or by means, electronic or mechanical photocopying – without written
permission from B.E.S.T. College of Polomolok, Inc.

LEARNING MODULE IN ORAL COMMUNICATION IN CONTEXT 1

 KINDLY READ THE CONTENT!
B.E.S.T. Day My Dear Students!
Welcome to our ORAL COMMUNICATION IN CONTEXT Subject for the
S.Y. 2021-2022. I am expecting for your full and passionate desire to learn
more things in our subject. Rest assured of meaningful lessons and activities
to acquire in our subject. I am excited to be your subject teacher and partner
in preparation for your wonderful future. May the Lord bless you.
LOVE
Your Teacher JMBarri
RULES and REGULATIONS in English 10 Subject:
1. Read and comprehend every lesson in the module.
2. Answer every activity/task on the provided answer sheet.
3. Return ONLY your answer sheet. Note: DO NOT RETURN your module.
4. Use only BLUE BALL PEN in answering your Activity Sheet
5. For your queries/clarification, you may contact me thru our GC, my
contact number or thru my FB: TeacherBarri WithLove Barri from 8AM-
5PM/during my convenient time.
6. Bases of your grade will be your Written & Performance outputs and
Examination. Failure to comply just one output will affect your grade.
7. E.O.P.-ENGLISH ONLY POLICY
8. Have Fun! Learning is Fun!

PERFORMANCE TASKS and OUTPUTS in our SUBJECT

1. Video Recordings
2. Projects/Portfolio
3. Virtual Senior High School Festival 2021
4. Research Paper

I have read and understood the aforementioned content in the subject. I

promised to comply all the tasks or else my grade will be affected.

Student`s signature over printed name

LEARNING MODULE IN ORAL COMMUNICATION IN CONTEXT 2
 Let`s Start
Take a photo or selfie of yours holding or answering your Module and upload it
on FACEBOOK. Don’t forget to use all of these (Hashtags) #Oral
Communication #ILearnMore #TeacherBarrisClass #BESTat26 and Tag or
mention me on your post. The first 25 students to post on facebook will be
having EXTRA POINTS. Yet others will still be given points
Please use only BLUE BALLPEN for all the written Activities
Lesson Writing News Report
1
Remember: Please wash your hands with soap for twenty (20) seconds
before and after handling your module and worksheets.

LET`s WARM-UP
1. Contact 2 of your classmates via video call on Messenger/any other social
media form.
2. Share your insights on what “communication” is about.
Debriefing Questions
1. Who among your classmates effectively communicated
their message? Give reasons why their presentation was
effective.
2. Is effective communication important? Why? Why not?
CLASSMATE`S NAME:______________________________________
CLASSMATE`S NAME:______________________________________
Self-audit
After completing Let’s Warm Up, tick the column that
determines how often you practice what the statements say. Do this as
objectively as possible. Bear in mind that there are no wrong answers. You
can use your performance in Let’s Warm Up as a basis in completing this
task.

LEARNING MODULE IN ORAL COMMUNICATION IN CONTEXT 3

 Usuall Someti Seldo Never
y mes m
1. I communicate to convey my messages and
express my ideas.
2. I describe communication as a process.
3. I understand that communication can be
expressed in words and/or in actions.
4. I can distinguish the features of the
communication process.
5. I can differentiate the models of
communication.
6. I effectively convey a message both in words
and actions.
7. I can identify the elements of
communication.
8. I can explain the cause of communication
breakdown.
9. I use strategies to avoid communication
breakdown.
10. I know the functions of communication.
TOTAL
GRAND TOTAL /3
0

Scoring Score Level of Proficiency

Usually – 3 points 28 – 30 Advanced Proficient
Sometimes – 2 25 – 27 Approaching Proficiency Developing
points Seldom – 1 23 – 24 Beginning
point Never – 0 21 – 22
20 and
below

LEARNING MODULE IN ORAL COMMUNICATION IN CONTEXT 4

 Communication is a process of sharing and conveying messages or
information from one person to another within and across channels,
contexts, media, and cultures (McCornack, 2014). There is a wide variety
of contexts and situations in which communication can be manifested; it
can be a face-to-face interaction, a phone conversation, a group
discussion, a meeting or interview, a letter correspondence, a class
recitation, and many others.

Nature of Communication
1. Communication is a process.
2. Communication occurs between two or more people (the speaker

and the receiver).

3. Communication can be expressed through written or spoken words,

actions (nonverbal), or both spoken words and nonverbal actions at

the same time.
Elements of Communication
Communication is divided into elements which help us better
understand its mechanics or process. These elements are the
following:
1. Speaker – the source of information or message
2. Message – the information, ideas, or thoughts conveyed by the

speaker in words or in actions

3. Encoding – the process of converting the message into words,

actions, or other forms that the speaker understands

4. Channel – the medium or the means, such as personal or non-
personal, verbal or nonverbal, in which the encoded message is
conveyed
5. Decoding – the process of interpreting the encoded message of the

LEARNING MODULE IN ORAL COMMUNICATION IN CONTEXT 5

speaker by the receiver
6. Receiver – the recipient of the message, or someone who decodes

the message
7. Feedback – the reactions, responses, or information provided by the

receiver
8. Context – the environment where communication takes place

Process of Communication Example

The speaker generates an Daphne loves Rico, her suitor, as a

idea. friend.

The speaker encodes an She thinks of how to tell him using

idea or converts the idea their native language.
into words or actions.
She tells him, “Rico, mahal kita
The speaker transmits or bilang kaibigan.”
sends out a message.
Rico hears what Daphne says.
The receiver gets the
message. He tries to analyze what she
means based on the content and
The receiver decodes or their relationship,
interprets the message and he is heartbroken.
based on the context.
He frowns and does not say
The receiver sends or something, because he is in pain.
provides feedback.
9. Barrier – the factors that affect the flow of communication

LEARNING MODULE IN ORAL COMMUNICATION IN CONTEXT 6

Models of Communication
1. Shannon-Weaver Model

Known as the mother of all communication models, the Shannon-

Weaver model (1949) depicts communication as a linear or one-way
process consisting of five elements: a source (producer of message);
a transmitter (encoder of message into signals); a channel (signals
adapted for transmission); a receiver (decoder of message from the
signal); and a destination.
This model, however, has been criticized for missing one essential
element in the communication process: feedback. Without feedback, the
speaker will not know whether the receiver understands the message or
not.
Information
Source Transmitter Receiver
Destination

Signal

Noise Source
Fig 1. Shannon-Weaver Model

2. Transaction Model
Unlike the Shannon-Weaver Model, which is a one-way
process, the Transaction Model is a two- way process with
the inclusion of feedback as one element.

LEARNING MODULE IN ORAL COMMUNICATION IN CONTEXT 7

 As shown in Figure 2, this model is more interactive. There is a
collaborative exchange of messages between communicators with the
aim of understanding each other. It also shows that a barrier, such as
noise, may interfere with the flow of communication.
Study the diagram below. It represents the Schramm Model.

3. Wilbur Schramm (1954) modified the Shannon-Weaver

Model. What has Schramm added to the Shannon-Weaver Model? Is
the new model more comprehensive? Why do you think so? How is
it different from or similar to the Transaction Model?

LEARNING MODULE IN ORAL COMMUNICATION IN CONTEXT 8

 Functions of Communication
Basically, there are five functions of communication. These are
control, social interaction, motivation, emotional expression, and
information dissemination.
1. Control – Communication functions to control behavior.
2. Social Interaction – Communication allows individuals to interact

with others.
3. Motivation – Communication motivates or encourages people to live

better.
4. Emotional expression – Communication facilitates people’s

expression of their feelings and emotions.

5. Information dissemination – Communication functions to convey
information.
Answer Exercise 1 on your Activity Sheet
Features of an Effective Communication
In their pioneer book Effective Public Relations, Professors Broom, Cutlip,
and Center (2012) list the 7 Cs of Effective Communication. This list is
widely used today, especially in public relations and advertising.
Completeness
1.

Complete communication is essential to the quality of the

communication process in general. Hence, communication should
include everything that the receiver needs to hear for him/ her to
respond, react, or evaluate properly.
Conciseness
2.

Conciseness does not mean keeping the message short, but making it
direct or straight to the point. Insignificant or redundant information
should be eliminated from the communication that will be sent to the
recipient.

LEARNING MODULE IN ORAL COMMUNICATION IN CONTEXT 9

 Consideration
3.

To be effective, the speaker should always consider relevant

information about his/her receiver such as mood, background, race,
preference, education, status, and needs, among others. By doing so,
he/she can easily build rapport with the audience.
Concreteness
4.

Effective communication happens when the message is concrete and

supported by facts, figures, and real-life examples and situations. In
this case, the receiver is more connected to the message conveyed.
Courtesy
5.

The speaker shows courtesy in communication by respecting the

culture, values, and beliefs of his/her receivers. Being courteous at all
times creates a positive impact on the audience.
Clearness
6.

Clearness in communication implies the use of simple and specific words

to express ideas. It is also achieved when the speaker focuses only on a
single objective in his/her speech so as not to confuse the audience.
Correctness
7.

Correctness in grammar eliminates negative impact on the audience and

increases the credibility and effectiveness of the message.
Barriers to Communication
There are instances when miscommunication and misunderstanding
occur because of certain barriers. To become an effective
communicator, you should recognize these barriers that hinder the
communication process. This will enable you to control the situation,
reset conditions, and start anew. The table below presents some
barriers to effective communication with corresponding solutions.

LEARNING MODULE IN ORAL COMMUNICATION IN CONTEXT 10

 Barrier Exampl Solutio
e n
Emotional You are having a bad day or Recognize these kinds of emotions, and politely
barriers you feel frustrated. ask the other person to give you a moment so
you can relax or calm yourself.
You sit in a meeting or class Recognize this kind of attitude, reset, and
where you think the reflect on how you can be interested in what
speaker is boring. the speaker is pointing out.
Use of jargon You are a scientist Jargon refers to the set of specialized
discussing a certain vocabulary in a certain field. To avoid
weather phenomenon communication breakdown due to lack of
with your neighbor who clarity, adjust your language; use layman’s
does not know much terms or simple words.
about the topic.
Lack of You are asked to share Develop self-confidence by joining
confidence something about your day organizations where you can share and
or weekend, but you are develop your interests. Look for opportunities
hesitant because you are in your school or community that will help
shy. you find your strengths and improve your
abilities.
Noisy You are having a Recognize that noise is a common barrier.
environmen conversation with some Make some adjustments by asking
friends when a song was someone to minimize the volume or by
t played loudly. looking for a quiet area where you can
resume the conversation.
Note that these are only some of the barriers; many others
may arise out of context, language, physical restrictions, and the
like.

Answer Exercise 2 on your Activity Sheet

Verbal Communication and Nonverbal Communication

Verbal Communication refers to an interaction in which words are
used to relay a message. For effective and successful verbal
communication, use words to express ideas which can be easily

LEARNING MODULE IN ORAL COMMUNICATION IN CONTEXT 11

 understood by the person you are talking to. Consider appropriateness,
brevity, clarity, ethics, and vividness when engaging in this type of
communication.
1. Appropriateness
The language that you use should be appropriate to the
environment or occasion (i.e., whether formal or
informal).
2. Brevity
Speakers who often use simple yet precise and powerful
words are found to be more credible. Try to achieve
brevity by being more direct with your words. Avoid fillers
and insubstantial expressions which do not add to the
message, such as “uh,” “you know,” “I guess,” and others.
3. Clarity
The meanings of words, feelings, or ideas may be
interpreted differently by a listener; hence, it is essential for
you to clearly state your message and express your ideas
and feelings.
4. Ethics
Words should be carefully chosen in consideration of the
gender, roles, ethnicity, preferences, and status of the
person or people you are talking to.
5. Vividness
Words that vividly or creatively describe things or feelings
usually add color and spice to communication. Hence,
you are encouraged to find ways to charm your audience
through the use of vivid words.
Nonverbal communication refers to an interaction
where behavior is used to convey and represent meanings.
All kinds of human responses that are not expressed in
words are classified as nonverbal communication. Examples
of nonverbal communication are stares, smiles, tone of
voice, movements, manners of walking, standing and

LEARNING MODULE IN ORAL COMMUNICATION IN CONTEXT 12

 sitting, appearance, style of attire, attitude towards time
and space, personality, gestures, and others.
Mastery of nonverbal communication is important for several
reasons:
1. It enhances and emphasizes the message of your speech,
thus making it more meaningful, truthful, and relevant.
2. It can communicate feelings, attitudes, and perceptions without you
saying a word.
3. It can sustain the attention of listeners and keep them engaged in the
speech.
4. It gives the audience a preview to the type of speaker you are.
5. It makes you appear more dynamic and animated in your delivery.
6. It serves as a channel to release tension and nervousness.
7. It helps make your speech more dramatic.
8. It can build a connection with listeners.
9. It makes you a credible speaker.
It helps you vary your speaking style and avoid a monotonous deliver.
Answer Exercise 3 on your Answer Sheet
Let’s Practice

Individual Activity. Imagine that you are addressing a group of

parents and teachers in an assembly on understanding your generation
known as the “Generation Z.”
• Prepare a one-minute speech video that communicates your ideas
about the topic.
• Your speech should highlight who the Generation Zs
are and how they are different from other
generations.
• Submit must be submitted to your subject teacher
via Messenger a day before the returning or
submission of your answer sheets.
• Before the speech video to be submitted on the teacher, find a
partner.
LEARNING MODULE IN ORAL COMMUNICATION IN CONTEXT 13
• Evaluate each other’s speech deliveries videos using the rubrics on
the next page.
• Write the strong and weak points of the presentation in the
succeeding table.
Rubric for Evaluating Speech Presentations
Criteria VGE GE SE LE N
(5) (4) (3) (2) (1)
1. The ideas in the presentation are organized.
2. The message is expressed clearly.
3. There are sufficient supporting ideas.
4. The choice of words is appropriate for the
audience.
5. Biases are avoided.
6. Speech is free from grammatical mistakes.
7. Ideas are communicated vividly and
meaningfully.
8. Nonverbal cues are appropriate.
TOTAL
GRAND TOTAL /40
Legend:
VGE – To a very great extent; GE – To a great
extent; SE – To some extent; LE – To a little
extent; N – Not at all
Scoring:
VGE – 33–40; GE – 25–32; SE – 17–24; LE – 9–16; N
–8

LEARNING MODULE IN ORAL COMMUNICATION IN CONTEXT 14

 Watch & observe one of the 2021`s SONA of President Rodrigo Duterte.
Find out the nature, process, elements, and models of communication
exemplified in the video. Must be submitted with your Answer Sheet
Using a maximum of 500 words, write a report about your
observations HAND WRITTEN or TYPE-WRITTEN. If Type-written, use the
following format: font 12, Times New Roman, 1.5 spacing, Short Bond
Paper

E-link

Hone your communication skills by checking the exercises found on the

websites below. Link will also be sent in our GC. Communication
Exercises

Q http://blog.trainerswarehouse.com/communication-and-listening-
exercises/
Exercises on Barriers to Effective Communication
Q http://www.livestrong.com/article/97647-exercises-barriers-effective-
communication/

For your assignment, download and sign in to a ZOOM App on

Play/App Store for our upcoming Online Recitation.

LEARNING MODULE IN ORAL COMMUNICATION IN CONTEXT 15

 ------------------------------------- End of the Module -------------------------------------

YOU MADE IT! I am hoping for more learnings to be

acquired by you for this Subject on the next Modules. Again,
Don`t forget to always PRAY!!!

“Never say you CAN`T! You CAN;

only if you WANT!– -T.JMBarri
LEARNING MODULE IN ORAL COMMUNICATION IN CONTEXT 16