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Biological Organization

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Shan Michael M. Sta. Ana STEM-J4 General Biology Ms.

Joice Barsaga

Biological Organization
Biological Organization is the hierarchy of complex biological structures and systems that define life using a
reductionistic approach. Organization is the arrangement of smaller components of nay structure, system or situation
into larger ones and larger ones into still larger ones in hierarchy, where components of each level coordinate with one
another towards a common goal. Organization is sort of hierarchy or pyramid of levels where each level is made of
components of lower level and itself becomes a component of higher level.

The basic unit or component of organization in both living and non-living object is an atom. An
atom is, of course further made of still smaller particles like electrons, protons and neutrons.
ATOM

Atoms combine with one another to form molecules.


Groups of atoms; smallest unit of most chemical compound.
MOLECULES Macromolecules are large, biologically important molecules inside cells.

The subcellular components coordinate their activities to produce living cells. Living beings are
made of one cell (unicellular organisms) or numerous cells (multicellular organisms).
CELL

In multicellular organisms the cells may be similar (colonial organisms) or organized into distinct functional
units called tissue. A tissue is a group of cells with similar structure performing the same function
TISSUE

Two or more tissues are organized into distinct structures called organs . Organs are specialized for
performing one or more functions e.g. pumping by heart, photosynthesis by leaves.
ORGAN

Two or more organs coordinate their activities towards a common activity e.g. digestive system, respiratory
ORGAN system.
SYSTEM

Living beings are called organisms because they possess high level of organization. They are called
individuals as each organism has a distinct interact or individuality.
ORGANISM Individual living things.

All the individuals of a species found in an area where they can interact with one another is called
population.
POPULATION Group of organism of one type taht live in the same area.

The populations of different species found in an area also interact with one another . They constitute a
biotic community.
COMMUNITY Population that live togetherin a defined area.

The biotic community of an area and its abiotic environment together form an ecosystem.
Community and its nonliving surrounding.
ECOSYSTEM

All the ecosystems of the world interact further and form biosphere or livable space of the earth. An
organism is, therefore, not only an individual but also a part of population, community, ecosystem and
biosphere.
BIOSPHERE The part of earth that contains all ecosystems.

Reference: https://schooltutoring.com/help/biology-levels-of-organisation/

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