CLASS

WORKSHEET
IX MATHS
POLYNOMIALS – 3
EASY TYPE QUESTIONS 10. If a + b + c = 9 and ab + bc + ca = 26, find
1. Check whether –2 and 2 are the zeroes of a2 + b2 + c2.
the polynomial x4 – 16.
11. Find the product of (x2 – 1) and (x4 + x2 + 1).
4 3 2
2. If P(x) = x + 2x – 10x – 14x + 21, then
find P(1), P(–1) and P(½). 12. Multiply (2x – y + 3z) with (4x2 + y2 + 9z2 +
2xy + 3yz – 6xz).
3. Write 2 expressions which are not
polynomials. Justify your answers. 13. Find the value of:
7 2 x3 – 8y3 – 36xy – 216 when x = 2y + 6
4. For the polynomial x  x 6 , write:
2
(i) the degree of the polynomial 14. Give possible expressions for the length
and breadth of the rectangle whose area is
(ii) the coefficient of x2
given by 4a2 + 4a – 3.
(iii) the coefficient of x6
15. If x + y = 12 and xy = 27, find the value of
(iv) the constant term
x 3 + y3.
5. Give an example of a polynomial, which is
(i) monomial of degree 1 HOTS LEVEL
(ii) binomial of degree 20
16. If both x – 2 and x – 1/2 are factors of
(iii) trinomial of degree 2 px2 – 5x + r, show that p = r.
MODERATE TYPE QUESTIONS
17. Without actual division, prove that
6. Find the zeroes of the polynomial : 2x4 – 5x3 + 2x2 – x + 2 is divisible by x2 – 3x
p(x) = (x – 2)2 – (x + 2)2 . + 2.
7. By actual division, find the quotient and 18. Multiply x2 + 4y2 + z2 + 2xy + xz – 2yz by
the remainder when the first polynomial (–z + x – 2y).
is divided by the second polynomial :
x4 + 1 and x – 1 19. The polynomial p(x) = x4 – 2x3 + 3x2 – ax +
3a – 7 when divided by x + 1 leaves the
8. Factorise :
remainder 19. Find the values of a. Also
(i) x2 + 9x + 18 find the remainder when p(x) is divided by
(ii) 84 – 2r – 2r2 x + 2.
9. Factorise : 20. If the polynomials az3 + 4z2 + 3z – 4 and
(i) 2x3 – 3x2 – 17x + 30 z3 – 4z + a leave the same remainder when
divided by z – 3, then find the value of a.
(ii) 3x3 – x2 – 3x + 1
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 ANSWER
SHEET
IX
MATHS
POLYNOMIALS – 3

1. p(x) = x4 – 16
1 1 5
Put x = 2, we get     7  21
16 4 2
(2)4 – 16
16 – 16 1  4  40  112  336

=0 16
Also, put x = –2, we get 341  152

(–2)4 – 16 16
16 – 16
189
=0 
16
Therefore, x = 2 and x = –2 both are
zeroes of the polynomial x4 – 16.
3. x  5 and 5 y  y 3 are not polynomials.
2. Given polynomial p(x) = x4 + 2x3 – 10x2 –
14x + 21 The given expressions are not polynomials
Put x = 1 in p(x), we get as x and y both have a negative exponent
(1)4 + 2(1)3 – 10(1)2 – 14(1) + 21 as powers.
= 1 + 2 – 10 –14 + 21 4. (i) The degree of the polynomial is 6
= 24 – 24
7
=0 (ii) The coefficient of x 2 is
2
Put x = –1 in p(x), we get
(–1)4 + 2(–1)3 – 10(–1)2 – 14(–1) + 21 (iii) The coefficient of x6 is –1
= 1 – 2 – 10 + 14 + 21 (iv) The constant term is 0
= 36 – 12 5. (i) A monomial of degree 1: 5x
= 24 (ii) A binomial of degree 20: y20 + x10
1 (iii)A trinomial of degree 2: 5x2 + 17x + 5
Put x  in p(x), we get
2 6. Given polynomial p(x) = (x – 2)2 – (x + 2)2

4 3 2
Let us open the brackets using identities
1 1 1 1 (a + b)2 and (a – b)2:
   2    10    14    21
 2 2  2 2 x2 + 4 – 4x – (x2 + 4 + 4x)
1 1 1  = x2 + 4 – 4x – x2 – 4 – 4x
  2    10    7  21
16 8 4 = –8x

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 Now, let p(x) = 0 = (x – 2)(2x2 + x – 15)
–8x = 0 [taking (x – 2) common factor]
x=0 Now, (2x2 + x – 15) can be factorised
Therefore, x = 0 is the zero of the given either by splitting the middle term or
polynomial. by using the factor theorem.
7. Using long division method, Now, (2x2 + x – 15) = 2x2 + 6x – 5x – 15
4 3 2
x – 1)x + 1(x + x + x + 1 [by splitting the middle term]
x4 – x3 = 2x(x + 3) – 5(x + 3)
– +
3
= (x + 3) (2x – 5)
x +1
3 2  2x3 – 3x2 – 17x + 30 = (x – 2)(x + 3)
x –x (2x – 5)
– +
2 (ii) Let p(x) = 3x3 – x2 – 3x + 1
x +1
x2 – x Constant term of p(x) = 1
– + Factor of 1 are  1.
x+1 By trial, we find that p(1) = 0, so (x –
x– 1 1) is a factor of p(x).
– +
Now, we see that 3x3 – x2 – 3x + 1
2 = 3x3 – 3x2 + 2x2 – 2x – x + 1
Hence, Quotient = x3 + x2 + x + 1 and
= 3x2 (x – 1) + 2x(x – 1) – 1(x – 1)
Remainder = 2
= (x – 1)(3x2 + 2x – 1)
8. (i) x2 + 9x + 18 = x2 + 6x + 3x + 18
[by splitting middle term] Now, (3x2 + 2x – 1) = 3x2 + 3x – x – 1

= x(x + 6) + 3(x + 6) = (x + 3)(x + 6) [by splitting middle term]

(ii) 84 – 2r – 2r2 = – 2(r2 + r – 42) = 3x (x + 1) – 1 (x + 1) = (x + 1)(3x – 1)
= – 2(r2 + 7r – 6r – 42)  3x3 – x2 – 3x + 1 = (x – 1)(x + 1)(3x – 1)
= –2[r(r + 7) – 6(r + 7)] 10. Given, a + b + c = 9 and ab + bc + ca = 26
= – 2(r – 6)(r + 7) = 2(6 – r) (r + 7)  (i)
3
9. (i) Let p(x) = 2x – 3x – 17x + 30 2 Now, a + b + c = 9
Constant term of p(x) = 30 On squaring both sides, we get
 Factors of 30 are  1,  2,  3,  5, (a + b + c)2 = (9)2
 6,  10,  15,  30  a2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca = 81
By trial, we find that p(2) = 0, so [using identity, (a + b + c)2 = a2 + b2 + c2
(x – 2) is a factor of p(x). + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca]
[ 2(2)3 – 3(2)2 – 17(2) + 30 = 16 – 12 –  a2 + b2 + c2 + 2(ab + bc + ca) = 81
34 + 30 = 0]
 a2 + b2 + c2 + 2(26) = 81
Now, we see that 2x3 – 3x2 – 17x + 30
[From Eq. (i)]
= 2x3 – 4x2 + x2 – 2x – 15x + 30
 a2 + b2 + c2 = 81 – 52 = 29
= 2x2 (x – 2) + x(x – 2) – 15(x – 2)

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 11. Using identity: 14. Given, area of rectangle = 4a2 + 6a – 2a –
3
(a3 – b3) = (a – b)(a2 + ab + b2)
= 4a2 + 4a – 3 [by splitting middle term]
Given:
= 2a (2a + 3) – 1 (2a + 3) = (2a – 1) (2a + 3)
(x2 – 1)(x4 + x2 + 1)
(2a + 3)
= (x2 – 1)((x2)2 + x2(1) + 12) Hence, possible length = 2a – 1
= ((x2)3 – 13) and breadth = 2a + 3
6
=x –1 15. Given that, x + y = 12 and xy = 27
2 2 2
12. (2x – y + 3z)(4x + y + 9z + 2xy + 3yz – We know,
6xz) (x + y)2 = x2 + y2 + 3xy(x + y)
= 2x(4x2 + y2 + 9z2 + 2xy + 3yz – 6xz) Therefore,
– y(4x2 + y2 + 9z2 + 2xy + 3yz – 6xz)
123 = x3 + y3 + 3 × 27× 12
+ 3z(4x2 + y2 + 9z2 + 2xy + 3yz – 6xz)
1728 = x3 + y3 + 972
= 8x3 + 2xy2 + 18xz2 + 4x2y + 6xyz –12x2z –
x3 + y3 = 1728 – 972 = 756
4x2y – y3 – 9yz2 – 2xy2 – 3y2z + 6xyz + 12x2z
+ 3y2 + 27z3 + 6xyz + 9yz2 – 18xz2  x3 + y3 = 756
= 8x3 + (2xy2 – 2xy2) + (18xz2 – 18xz2) + 16. The given polynomial should be f(x) = px2
(4x 2y – 4x 2y) + (6xyz + 6xyz + 6xyz) + 5x + r
+ (– 12x2z + 12x2z) – y3 + (– 9yz2 + 9yz2) + Since, x – 2 is a factor of f(x), then f(2) = 0
(– 3y2z + 3y2z) + 27z3  p(2)2 + 5(2) + r = 0
3 3 3
= 8x + 18xyz – y + 27z  4p + 10 + r = 0  (i)
3 3 3
= 8x – y + 27z + 18xyz
1
Alternate Method Since, x  is a factor of f(x), then f  1 
x  2
(2x – y + 3z)(4x2 + y2 + 9z2 + 2xy + 3yz – 6xz) =0
= (2x – y + 3z) [(2x)2 + (–y)2 + (3z)2 – (2x) (–y)
2
– (–y) (3z) – (2x)(3z)] 1 1
 p   5   r  0
= (2x)3 + (–y)3 + (3z)3 – 3(2x)(–y)(3z) 2
  2
[using identity, (a + b + c)(a2 + b2 + c2 – ab –
1 5
bc – ca) = a3 + b3 + c3 – 3abc]  p  r0
4 2
= 8x3 – y3 + 27z3 + 18xyz
 p + 10 + 4r = 0  (ii)
13. x3 – 8y3 – 216 – 36xy = x3 + (–2y)3 + (–6)3 –
3.x(–2y) (–6) 1
Since, x – 2 and x  are factors of f(x)
= (x – 2y – 6)(x2 + 4y2 + 36 + 2xy – 12y + 6x) 2
= px2 + 5x + r.
 = 0 × (x2 + 4y2 + 36 + 2xy – 12y + 6x)
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), 4p + 10 + r = p + 10
[ x = 2y + 6  x – 2y – 6 = 0]
+ 4r  3p = 3r
=0
p = r

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 17. Let p(x) = 2x4 – 5x3 + 2x2 – x+ 2 – 3abc = (a + b + c)(a2 + b2 + c2 – ab – bc –
first, factorise x2 – 3x + 2 ca)]
Now, = x3 – 8y3– z3 – 6xyz
x2 – 3x + 2 = x2 – 2x – x + 2 [by splitting 19. Given, p(x) = x4 – 2x3 + 3x2 – ax + 3a – 7
middle term] When we divide p(x) by x + 1, then we get
= x(x – 2) –1(x – 2) the remainder p(– 1)
-
= (x – 1)(x – 2) Now, p(–1) = (–1)4 – 2 (–1)3 + 3 (–1)2 –
a(–1) + 3a – 7
Hence, zeroes of x2 – 3x + 2 are 1 and 2.
= 1 + 2 + 3 + a + 3a – 7 = 4a – 1
We have to prove that, 2x4 – 5x3 + 2x2 – x According to the question, p(–1) = 19
+ 2 is divisible by x2 – 3x + 2 i.e to prove
 4a – 1 = 19
that p (1) = 0 and p(2) = 0
 4a = 20
Now, p(1) = 2(1)4 – 5(1)3 + 2(1)2 –1 + 2
 a=5
=2–5+2–1+2=6–6=0
 Required polynomial = x4 – 2x3 + 3x2 –
and p(2) = 2(2)4 – 5(2)3 + 2(2)2 – 2 + 2 = 2 5x + 3(5) – 7 [put a = 5 in p(x)]
×16 – 5 × 8 + 2 × 4 + 0 = 32 – 40 + 8 4 3 2
= x – 2x + 3x – 5x + 15 –7
= 40 – 40 = 0 = x4 – 2x3 + 3x2 – 5x + 8
Hence, p(x) is divisible by x2 – 3x + 2 When, we divide p(x) by x + 2, then we
18. (x2 + 4y2 + z2 + 2xy + xz – 2yz)(– z + x – 2y) get the remainder p(–2)
= x2 (–z + x – 2y) + 4y2(– z + x – 2y) + z2 Now, p(–2) = (–2)4 – 2(–2)3 + 3(–2)2 –5(–2)
+8
(–z + x – 2y) + 2xy(– z + x – 2y) + xz(–z + x
= 16 + 16 + 12 + 10 + 8 = 62
+ 2y) – 2yz (– z + x – 2y)
Hence, the value of a is 5 and remainder
= – x2z + x3 – 2x2y – 4y2z + 4xy2 – 8y3 – z3 + is 62.
xz2 – 2xyz + 2x2y – 4xy2 – xz2 + x2z – 2xyz +
20. Here, p(z) = a(z)3 + 4(z)2 + 3z – 4, q(z) = (z)3
2yz2 – 2xyz + 4y2z – 4z + a, and the zero of z – 3 is 3.
=(– x2z + x2z) + x3 + (–2x2y + 2x2y) + (– 4y2z So, by the given condition
+ 4y2z) + (4xy2 – 4xy2) – 8y3 – z3 + (xz2 – xz2) p(3) = q(3)
+ (–2yz2 + 2yz2) + (– 2xyz –2xyz – 2xyz) a(3)3 + 4(3)2 + 3(3) – 4 = (3)3 – 4(3) + a
= x3 – 8y3 – z3 – 6xyz 27a + 4 × 9 + 9 – 4 = 27 – 12 + a
Alternate Method 27a + 36 + 9 – 4 = 27 – 12 + a
Now, (x – 2y – z) (x2 + 4y2 + z2 + 2xy + xz – 27a + 45 – 4 = 15 + a
2yz) 27a + 41 = 15 + a
= (x – 2y – z) [(x)2 + (–2y)2 + (– z)2 – (x)(– 2y) 27a – a = 15 – 41
– (2y) (–z) – (x) (–z)] 26a = – 26
= (x)3 + (–2y)3 + (–z)3 – 3(x)(–2y)(–z) –26
a
[using identity, a3 + b3 + c3 26
a=–1

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