(Rocket Peopellant) : Internship Report On

Internship Report on
(Rocket Peopellant)
At STAR – Space Technology and Aeronautical Rocketry
(KRISHNA RATHOD)
(COLLEGE-Institute of Science & Technology for Advanced Studies & Research
Anand)
(7th Jan to 6th Feb)

Rocket Propellants
What is Rocket Propellant ?
These are the chemical substances which on ignition provide thrust for the rocket to move
forwarded.
A propellant is a combination of an oreidiser and a full which when ignited under goes
combustion to release large quantities of hot gases .The passage of hot gases through the
nozzle of the rocket motor provides the necessary thrust for the rocket to move forward
according to Newton’s third law of motion i.e. every action and reaction is equal and
apposite.
Basic working principle of Rocket Propellant
• The priciple of Rocket propulsion works on the Newton’s Third Law of Motion. It
states that every action, there is equal and opposite reaction. As areaction the
gases apply equal and opposite force on the rocket in the upward direction. This
is how a rocket takes off from earth.
Why to make Rocket Propellant?

Solid propellant rockets are much easier to store and handle than liquid propellant
rockets. High propellant density makes for compact size as well. These features plus
simplicity and low cost make solid propellant rockets ideal for military and space
applications.
Architecture:
2
Basic components for Rocket Propellant
Most liquid chemical rockets use two separate propellants a fuel and an oxidizer.
Typical fuels include kerosene, alcohol, hydrazine and its derivatives and liquid
hydrogen. Oxidizers include nitric acid , nitrogen tetroxide, liquid oxygen and liquid
flurine.
Procedure to build a Rockt Propellant
Much like actual rockets, the miniature versions launched by model rocketry enthusiasts require fuel
to blast off. Premade fuel cartridges are readily available at most hobby stores, but you might be
surprised to learn that you can also can make your own rocket fuel at home using a few basic
ingredients. All you have to do is heat powdered potassium nitrate, granulated white sugar, Karo
syrup, and distilled water in a saucepan and mold the mixture to the desired size and shape once it
cools off.
Observation:
Chemical propellants in common use deliver specific impulse values ranging from about
175 up to about 300 seconds. The most energetic chemical propellants are theoretically
capable of specific impulses up to about 400 seconds.
High values of specific impulse are obtained from high exhaust-gas temperature, and
from exhaust gas having very low (molecular) weight. To be efficient, therefore, a
propellant should have a large heat of combustion to yield high temperatures, and should
produce combustion products containing simple, light molecules embodying such
elements as hydrogen (the lightest), carbon, oxygen, fluorine, and the lighter metals
(aluminum, beryllium, lithium).
Results
Rocket propellant is the material used by a rocket engine to generate thrust. The most common
propellants consist of a fuel and an oxidizer that participate in chemical reactions to produce
extremely hot gases. These gases exert pressure that propels the rocket forward while they are
ejected in the form of a jet through the rear.
Conclusion
3
The basic rocket propulsion considerations for a flyback vehicle involve the vehicle
base area limitations and the engine thrust level. Because the vehicle acts as a vertical
liftoff rocket during ascent to orbit and as an airplane during descent, the vehicle poses
conflicting aerodynamic requirements on propulsion system packaging. A smaller base
area is required for flyback compared with that allowed for liftoff. Since the thrust level
of a rocket-propelled vehicle is a function of the gross liftoff weight as well as the
vehicle base area, the smaller base area requirement for flyback must be
accommodated by the propulsion system without a reduction in thrust level.
Precautions
The fuel oxidizer comosite is dangerous, as it may explode even during shipping and
installation. The fuel burns very rapidly in the rocket combustion chamber to genrate
the rocker propulsion force known as thrust. Liquid rocket fuels include kerosene and
liquefied hydrogen.

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Internship Report on

(7th Jan to 6th Feb)

What is Rocket Propellant ?

Basic working principle of Rocket Propellant

Why to make Rocket Propellant?

Procedure to build a Rockt Propellant

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