Variable Mass System

With: AMIT RANJAN

Mechanics

March 31, 2022 (IIT JAM 2022)

Telegram Group: t.me/sophysics9911

https://sophysics.in
Questions
Question 1

A particle is such that its mass m = mo exp(−kt). It falls under under a constant and uni-
form g. If the initial speed is zero which of the following is true?

a. speed of the particle increases linearly with time

b. speed of the particle increases exponentially with time

mo g 2
c. The max power delivered by the k

d. Acceleration at any instant of time is g.

Question 2

A particle is at rest at t=0 a force F= FO (1 − τt ) begins to act on it. As the particle moves its
mass varies with time as m = mo (1 − τt )2 . The speed of the particle after t= τ /2 becomes

FO τ
a. mo

3FO τ
b. mo

3FO τ
c. 2mo

FO τ
d. a. 2mo

Question 3

A particle of mass m moving in a circle of radius R has V = VO (1 − eγt ). The power de-
livered to the particle by the force at t=0 is

a. mvo2 γ

b. 2mvo2 γ

c. 3mvo2 γ

d. 4mvo2 γ

Question 4

A Particle of mass 0.5kg is moving with velocity 2î. A force F~ = (1 + 2t)JN

Question 5

A particle of mass 1 kg is at rest at t=0. Constant force 10N is applied on it. As it moves a

1
drag force of 2V N acts on it. Where V is instantaneous velocity of the particle. Velocity of
particle after 1 sec is (1 m/s)

Question 6

A rocket ascends from rest in uniform gravitational field by ejecting exhaust with constant
speed u. Assume dmdt = γm where m is instantaneous mass. If the rocket is retarded by air drag
force is bmv. The terminal velocity of the rocket is

γu
a. b

b. b/g

γu−g
c. b

b
d. γu−g

Question 7

A body is moved along a straight line by a machine delivering a constant power. The dis-
tance moved by the body in time t is proportional to

a. t1/2

b. t1/4

c. t3/4

d. t3/2

Question 8

A body is dropped from a certain height. When it losses U amount of energy it acquires a
velocity V. The mass of the body is

U2
a. 2V

2V
b. U

2U
c. V2

2V
d. U2

Question 9

A body is attached to a spring pulley by a constant force is kept on a smooth surface . Initially
the spring is in the natural state. The maximum positive work that the applied force can do it

a. ∞

2
 2F 2
b. K

F2
c. K

F2
d. 2K

Question 10

A uniform rope of mass per length ρ hangs vertically from a support so that the lower end
just touches the table. If it is released then find the force on the table (length of rope is L)

a. ρxg

b. 2ρxg

c. 3ρxg

d. 4ρxg

Question 11

A particle of unit mass is attached at the end of a spring with spring constant 4 N/m. If
the spring was initially unstretched and the particle is allowed to fall vertically downward max
compression produced in the spring is

a. 2.5 m

b. 5 m

c. 7.5 m

d. 10m

Question 12

The mass of a rocket is M and and the total mass of rocket and fuel is MO . The average
exhaust velocity of gases ejected from rocket motors is u. The final velocity attained by the
rocket after using all fuel is v. The final velocity v is proportional to

a. log( M
M )
o

Mu
b. Mo

c. MO − M

1
d. Mo −M

Question 13

3
A cart loaded with sand moves along a horizontal floor due to a constant force F coincid-
ing in direction with cart’s velocity vector. In the process sand spills through a hole in the
bottom with a constant rate µ kg/sec. Find the acceleration and velocity of the cart at the
moment t. If at the initial moment the card was loaded sand had the mass mo and its velocity
is equal to zero. (NEGLECT FREQUENCY)

Question 14

A uniform chain of mass m and length l hangs on a thread and touches the surface of a table
by its lower end. Find the force exerted by the table on the chain when half of its length has
fallen on the table. Fallen part does not form heap.

Question 15

A rain drop falling vertically under gravity gathers moisture from the atmosphere at a rate
is given by dm 2
dt = kt where m is the instantaneous mass, t is time and k is a constant. The
equation of motion of the rain drop is m dv dm
dt + v dt = mg. If the drop starts falling at t=0 with
zero initial velocity and initial mass 2gm. If k= 12 and g= 1000 in cgs units. The velocity of
the drop after one second is

a. 250 cm/s

b. 500 cm/s

c. 750 cm/s

d. 1000 cm/s

Question 16

A chain of mass M and length L is hanging vertically over a table . with its lowest point
touching the surface of the table. It is released and it falls on the table completely inelastically.
How much time does it take for the chain to fall completely on the table

a. L/g

b. 2L/g

L
c. g
p
d. 2L/g

Question 17

A spaceship of mass M enters a stationary dust cloud of mass density ρ with speed vo at
time t=0. If the dust particles are assumed to stick to the face of the spaceship of area A. its
speed at a later time t is

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 2ρAvo t −1/4
a. vo (1 + M )

2ρAvo t −1/2
b. vo (1 + M )

2ρAvo t −1
c. vo (1 + M )

d. vo exp( −2ρAv
M
ot
)

Question 18

A cylindrical solid of mass 10 gram and cross sectional area 1 sq cm is moving parallel to
its axis (x direction) with uniform speed of 1000 m/s in the positive direction. At t=0 its
front face passes the plane x=0. The region to the right of this plane is filled with stationary
dust particles of uniform density 10−3 kg/m2 . When a dust particle collides with the face of
the cylinder, it sticks to its surface. Assuming that the dimensions of the cylinder remains
practically unchanged and that the dust sticks only to the front face of the cylinder. Find the
x-coordinate of the front of the cylinder at t= 150 sec.

Question 19

A particle of mass m is at rest at t=0 the particle experiences a time dependent force F~ =
~at(τ − t) where a is a constant vector . τ is the time during which the force acts. The distance
4
travelled by the particle while the force acts is 2aτ
xm . The value of x is

Question 20

A raindrop fall through a cloud and accumulates mass at a rate 2mv. The speed of the raindrop
after time t is
q
g √
a. 2 tanh( 2gt)

√ √
b. gtanh( 2gt)
q
g √
c. 2 tanh( gt)

√ √
d. gtanh( gt)

Question 21

Two identical buckets A and B of masses mo /2 containing same mass of water are attached to
two ends of the string hanging over a smooth pulley. The system is held at rest and is released
at t=0. At the same time a leak is found in B and water flows at at rate of α kg/sec. If
water leaves B with no relative speed with B. Bucket B becomes empty at t= to then Find the
acceleration and speed of both the buckets.

Question 22

A particle of mass 1 kg is at rest at t=0 a constant force of 10N is applied on it. As it

5
Question 23

A ball of mass m is floating in air by a jet of water emerging out of a nozzle. If the water
strikes the ball with speed v and just after collision water falls dead then the rate of mass flow
of water is

a. 2mg/v

b. mv/g

c. mg/v

d. None

Question 24

The speed of a particle of mass m varies with distance x as V (x) = ax−n

V(x=0)=0 at t=0 F(t) is proportional to

Question 25

A particle of mass 0.01 kg falls freely in earth’s gravitational field with initial velocity 10
m/s. If air exerts a frictional force f=-kv. then for k= 0.05 N/m velocity at t= 0.2 sec is

Question 26

A rocket is moving in empty space ejects fuel at a rate dm dt = −βm where m is instanta-
neous the mass of the rocket and β is a positive constant. If the fuel is ejected at a constant
speed u with respect to the rocket which draw the graph between velocity and time.

Question 27

The mass of a particle falling from rest under the gravity decreases at constant rate β. Its
speed at time t will be (mo ) is its initial mass

a. gt

1
b. gt(1 + 2( m o −1) )
βt

6
 1
c. gt(1 − 2( m o −1) )
βt

1
d. gt(1 + ( 2m o +1) )
βt

Question 28

A force on a rocket having exhaust velocity of 300 m/s is 210 N, the rate of combustion of
the fuel is

a. 0.7 kg/s

b. 1.4 kg/s

c. 0.07 kg/s

d. 10.7 kg/s

Question 29

Rocket engine lift a rocket from the earth surface because hot gas with high velocity

a. push against the earth

b. push against the air

c. react against the rocket and push it up

d. Heat up the air and push it up

Question 30

Which basic law is used for the derivation of mass variation with velocity

a. law of conservation of energy

b. law of conservation of kinetic energy

c. law of conservation of mass

d. law of conservation of momentum