MODULE

IT ELECTIVE 2

MODULE
Computer Engineering as
Discipline
(CpE111)
1st SEMESTER
ACADEMIC YEAR: 2021-2022

Prepared by:
Engr. Clarizza S. Javier
Instructor
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 MODULES FOR CpE111
(Computer Engineering as Discipline)

Credits : 1 Unit (1 hour per week)

Pre-Requisite : None

Introduction:

Filipino workers are considered to be at par if not the best compared to other workers in
the world. They are resourceful, resilient, persistent and consistent. They are persevering and
will do what it takes just to earn a decent income for their respective family back home. Most of
them speak English very well, and can work under pressure and in a team. Below are the
attributes of Filipinos, why they excel in adapting to their environment and at the same time
whip up satisfactory outcomes. There are also some of not so good attitudes, but overall Filipinos
are still very good in dealing with other people. (ronytparagas)

Lesson Title:
1. The Work Values of Filipino Workers
2. The Workplace

Lesson Objective:
After completing this module, the students must be able to:
1. To understand and live a life of moral character
2. To bring, imitate, and apply all the learning outcomes learned from all the topics
discussed by the professor-in-charge.
3. To interpret and classified all the necessary values when they become a professional
Engineers.

The Work Values of Filipino Workers

1. Pakikisama. This means doing something good for others.

2. Pakikitungo. Ability of Filipinos to deal with anybody with warmth and enthusiasm
3. Pampalubag loob. Fond of bargaining.
4. Pag-iwas. Hide the truth.
5. Gaya-gaya. Imitating or imitation.
6. Utang na loob. Returning the favor.
7. Bayanihan. Ready to extend helping hands to those in need.
8. Pamamagitan. Somebody has to act as mediator.
9. Hiya. Shyness can hamper learning from speaking up.
10. Patriotism. Responsibility to maintain loyalty and respect of the people.
11. Pagsasabukas. Doing things the next day instead of today.

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 12. Ningas – cogon. Very enthusiastic at the start of the task then enthusiasm dies down.
13. Siya kasi. Looking for someone to put the blame on.
14. Bahala na. Tendency to leave things to chance.
15. Amor propio. Desire to preserve one’s good name.

Attributes of Filipinos

1. Commitment. Pledge to fulfil a duty or a performance to do something.

2. Responsibility. Dependability, initiative, persistence, aggressiveness, self-confidence,
desire to excel.
3. Nationalism. Love of country
4. Compassion. Deep feeling for another’s sorrow or hardships which leads the person to
help or sympathize with the one suffering.
5. Goal oriented. Understands the purpose of life and work of the group or organization.
6. Dignity. Self-respect or ability that wins the respect and high opinion of other.
7. Competence. The degree of a person’s capability in doing a certain piece of work.
8. Reliability. Quality or state of being organized.
9. Knowledgeable. Mentally alert and well-informed.
10. Loyalty. The quality or state of being loyal to work.

The Workplace

The workplace is a place where someone works. There are different terms and definitions of a
workplace.

Toxic workplace.

A “toxic workplace” is a colloquial term used to describe a place of work, usually an office
environment that is marked by significant personal conflicts between those who work there. Such
infighting can often harm productivity. Toxic workplaces are often considered the result of toxic
employers and/or toxic employees who are motivated by personal gain (power, money, fame or
special status), use unethical means to psychologically manipulate and annoy those around them;
and whose motives are to maintain or increase power, money or special status or divert attention
away from their performance shortfalls and misdeeds. Toxic workers do not recognize a duty to
the organization for which they work or their co-workers in terms of ethics or professional
conduct toward others. Toxic workers define relationships with co-workers, not
by organizational structure but by co-workers they favour and those they do not like or trust.

1. Workplace Stress
This is due to lean staffing, the stress of potential layoffs and the fact that longer service
employees typically survive layoffs.
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2. Workplace Aggression
Aggression, in general, is considered to be any behaviour that is carried out by an
individual with the intent to cause harm to another person or group of people. The
aggressor must believe that their behaviour is harmful to their target(s), and that the
target(s) will be motivated to avoid this behaviour.

3. Work Surveillance (employee monitoring)

This is positively related to workplace aggression against supervisors, such that the
greater the number of surveillance methods used, the greater the amount of workplace
aggression. Furthermore, supervisory control over work performance has also been
shown to be positively related to workplace aggression against supervisors.

4. Workplace ConflictWo
Causes for workplace conflict can be personality or style differences and personal
problems such as substance abuse, childcare issues, and family problems. Organizational
factors such as leadership, management, budget and disagreement about core values can
also contribute. Others are poor communication, different values, differing interests,
scarce resources, personality clashes and poor performance.

5. Workplace Cyber-aggression
This is best described as takes the form of obscene or hate e-mail/text messages that
threaten or frighten, or email message that contain offensive content, such as sexist or
racist material. What is unique about this type of workplace harassment, is that this
material can be sent by people in addition to work colleagues, by other individual outside
the workplace.

6. Workplace Diversity
This is a people issue, focused on the differences and similarities that people bring to an
organization. It is usually defined broadly to include dimensions beyond those specified
legally in equal their statutes.

7. Workplace Empowerment
Today, more than 70 percent of organizations have adopted some kind of empowerment
initiative for at least part of their workforce. To be successful in today’s business
environment, companies need the knowledge, ideas, energy, and creativity of every
employee, from front line workers to the top level managers in the executive suit. The
best companies accomplish this by empowering their employees to take initiative without
prodding, to serve the collective interests of the company without being micro managed,
and to act like owners of the business. Provides employees with opportunities to make
their own decisions with regards to their tasks.

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 8. Workplace Politics
Office politics differs from office gossip in that people participating in office politics do
so with the objective of gaining advantage, whereas gossip can be a purely social activity.
The aims of office politics or manipulation in the workplace are not always increased pay
or a promotion. Often, the goal may simply be greater power or control for its own end.
While office politics do not necessarily aim at selfish gains - they can be a means
towards outcomes which are corporate and benefit the company, not the individual.

9. Workplace Safety
Workplace safety and health is a category of management responsibility in places of
employment.

10. Workplace Friendship

Directly related to several other area of study including cohesion, job satisfaction,
organizational commitment and intention to leave.

11. Virtual Workplace

A workplace that is not located in any one physical space.

Respect in the Workplace

Respect is a feeling when you treat someone well for their qualities or character traits, but
respect can also be a manifestation of dignity towards people. Respect should be the norm in the
workplace, regardless of personal feelings. Employees and managers should respect each other
as it creates a good work environment, which increases employees’ productivity.

You can find the certain characteristics and abilities that you admire in your teammates and show
them respect based on it. The problem many firms are facing these days is a lack of
understanding of the concept of respect in the workplace. Respect is an important element in
every workplace as it helps the employee to work hard as their efforts are appreciated. Team
members won’t necessarily love or admire the personalities of their leaders or colleagues, but
they still need to respect their work to achieve their goals and be professional. Employees value
two different types of respect:

✔Respect as a person, which should be shared equally with all team members. This respect is
ensured by courtesy and the creation of a space where each member of the group is valuable.

✔Well-earned respect or respect for professional achievement lies in the recognition of

individual employees for quality tasks performed. This is how the manager can highlight
employees who have exceeded expectations. It is a confirmation that each employee has unique
strengths and talents. The respect earned meets the need of each person to be judged for good
performance.

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Once you understand why respect is important, it becomes even more important. You will be
able to begin to understand why your colleagues are responding in certain situations and take
steps to create a more positive work environment with everyone involved. When people feel
respected, they show respect for others.

Some of the benefits of respect in the workplace are as follows:

Respect Reduces Stress

Reducing stress is especially important for the health of employees in the workplace. Dear,
stress-free employees feel more comfortable sharing ideas and working with colleagues to
achieve their goals. Increased respect and reduced stress have both mental and physical effects
on workers’ health.

Respect Increases Productivity and Collaboration

Respect helps employees to think innovatively and work hard as they know that their ideas
would be appreciated. Such workplaces become an opportunity to learn from each other, where
both employees and managers develop their skills. Once your employees start collaborating,
cross-training and informal learning can be done across all areas of your company.

Employee Satisfaction
Employees can be happy with their work and leave at the end of the day feeling proud of what
they’ve done. This sense of satisfaction from employees can benefit employers in the long run.
Satisfied employees usually want to stay with companies that value them and are looking for
ways to advance or develop their careers. Satisfied employees are more likely to apply for
internal promotions and lead their teams with the same respect and care that they used to value.
Lower employee turnover turns into less revenue and time spent on training and onboarding.

Respect Creates a Fair Environment

One of the most important things an employer can offer is the opportunity for employees to
showcase their skills and knowledge regardless of their background. Respect prevents people
from playing favorites, and everyone has a chance to be heard. A Good Chance is a powerful
tool for enabling different employees to participate. Every employee has the same voice as his
colleagues, and all ideas are appreciated, no matter where they come from. In the right
environment, employees can thrive if allowed to contribute equitably.

9 Ways to Show Respect to Colleagues in the Workplace

1. Communicate in a polite, humble manner, use an extremely-friendly, warm tone, speak a
language that is understandable and accessible to all.
2. Allow employees to speak up and share their thoughts.

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 3. Before expressing your point of view, always listen to the opinion of team members, and
only then share your thoughts on a particular topic.
4. Never interrupt others during a conversation; management should not allow employees to
talk in a rude or sarcastic tone.
5. Important!!! Never scold your team members in front of everyone! All the problems are
still recommended to be solved individually, so speak to employees “face to face”.
Remember, nothing is as offensive as discussing the problems, mistakes of a subordinate
in presence of all the employees of the company. By discussing the problems personally,
you also show respect towards employees.
6. Do not criticize the ideas and suggestions of your subordinates.
7. Praise your employees for quality work, for any success in their work, even the smallest!
Praise for the desire to develop further and encourage it in every possible way. Know
how to see and celebrate the positive in each of the employees.
8. Treat everyone equally, without making someone stand out. Unfortunately, bosses often
make the mistake of singling out favorites and ignoring certain people. Separation is
nothing more than a manifestation of disrespect for certain people, besides, such behavior
leads to an unhealthy environment in the team, the appearance of envious people, and the
division of people.
9. Invite all employees to meetings within the company so that everyone is aware of what is
happening, how the company is developing, what problems there are, what are the plans
for the future. Provide an opportunity to speak and discuss the problems they are facing.
This will make it clear that the opinion of all employees without exception is important in
the company.

Confidentiality in the Workplace

Confidentiality, or not disclosing certain information, is important in a wide range of jobs.
Confidentiality matters for legal and reputational reasons, and it also matters because your future
employment may depend on it. Some information is protected by law in several countries,
including personally identifiable information and also ‘trade secrets’.

Importance of Confidentiality in the Workplace

Confidential workplace information can generally be broken down into three categories:
employee information, management information, and business information.

Employee Information: Many states have laws which govern the confidentiality and disposal of
“personal identifying information” (e.g., an employee’s Social Security number, home address or
telephone number, e-mail address, Internet identification name or password, parent’s surname
prior to marriage or driver’s license number).

Management Information: Confidential management information includes discussions about

employee relations issues, disciplinary actions, impending layoffs/reductions-in-force,
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 terminations, workplace investigations of employee misconduct, etc. While disclosure of this
information isn’t necessarily “illegal,” it is almost always counterproductive and can seriously
damage the collective “psyche” of a workplace.

Business Information: We oftentimes refer to confidential business information as “proprietary

information” or “trade secrets.” This refers to information that’s not generally known to the public
and would not ordinarily be available to competitors except via illegal or improper means.
Common examples of “trade secrets” include manufacturing processes and methods, business
plans, financial data, budgets and forecasts, computer programs and data compilation,
client/customer lists, ingredient formulas and recipes, membership or employee lists, supplier lists,
etc. “Trade secrets” does not include information that a company voluntarily gives to potential
customers, posts on its website, or otherwise freely provides to others outside of the company.

How to Maintain Confidentiality in the Workplace

These should include, for example:

 Ensuring that confidential information is always locked away at night, and not left unattended
during the day;
 Password-protecting sensitive computer files;
 Marking confidential information clearly as such, and ensuring that paper copies are shredded
before disposal; and
 Ensuring that you only disclose confidential information to those who need to know.

Morale in the Workplace

Employee morale is defined as the attitude, satisfaction and overall outlook of employees during
their association with an organization or a business. An employee that is satisfied
and motivated at workplace usually tend to have a higher morale than their counterparts.
Employee engagement and employee satisfaction play an important role for employees to be
happy in their workplace.

On the contrary, employees who are not happy in their workplace, who constantly complain and
crib about the various attributes in an organization, like employee policies, workplace culture,
facilities at work etc. tend to have a low employee morale. This is quite evident in their behavior.
Employee morale is a complex concept because it involves a lot of factors that affect their
morale.

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Employee morale is vital to organization culture- a positive collective attitude will create a
positive working environment for everyone. If your organization has a poor morale or a culture
of suffering then there is a possibility that in your organization employees have a low or negative
morale that can adversely affect the productivity of the organization. It can most certainly lead to
greater employee attrition, just to begin with.

How to Improve Morale in the Workplace

1. Open Communication
2. Appreciation
3. Team Building Activities
4. Work Life Balance
5. Invite Feedback
6. Monetary Rewards and Gifts

How to be Happy at Work

1. Start with a Positive Outlook

2. Challenge Yourself
3. Make Friends
4. Complete your Tasks
5. Take a Break’
6. Finish What You have Started
7. Always Foster a Positive Outlook
8. Never Engage in Activities that Conflict with Corporate
9. Avoid Cliques
10. Familiarities are Devoid of Loyalties
11. Be an Instrument of Unity
12. Show that You Belong

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