USE OF R.C.C.

FILLER SLAB WITH COMPARE TO

CONVENTIONAL SLAB IN SINGLE STORY
BUILDING.
Shivraj Pawar, 4th year B.Arch. shivrajp71@gmail.com

Guide : Ar. Vaibhav Ghodake

ABSTRACT:

Housing is one of the basic needs of mankind in terms of safety, security, social status,
cultural identity, satisfaction and achievement. Since economic factors have influenced the
construction industry dramatically in recent years and in many parts of the world steel is
expensive. Many researchers are searching for low-cost high strength materials as a substitute
or alternative for the present situation.

In this paper filler slab is compared with conventional slab for single story building
with respect to selected parameters. This parameters are proved by numerical and experimental
method. Consider both slabs are the same in size. This study describes the structural behavior
and cost effectiveness of the filler slab when compared to the standard slab. The paper also
describes the sizes, Design, durability of filler slab. Considering clay pots as filler material
which is available locally and aesthetically better. Pots are placed inverted hemispheres as a
precast and made to rest over reinforced concrete beams before the concreting process

This method is economical and will result in saving of cement and steel and is an ideal
step towards generation of affordable housing, for developing countries.

KEY WORDS:
Filler Slab, Filler Material, Terracotta Pots, Convectional slab.
INTRODUCTION:
As per the annual reports of Census 2011, around two-thirds of the total Indian population
cannot afford their shelter[1]. Affordability is one major reason for people to go shelter less. If
houses can be constructed economically by using innovative techniques to reduce the
consumption of materials, more people can afford to construct their own houses.
Concrete being the highest consumed material on earth after water (Cement Industry
Federation, Australia), is produced and used at a large scale in the construction industry. Ideas
to reduce the usage of concrete without compromising the quality of construction will not only
lead to cost effective buildings but also reduce carbon emissions when looked at a large scale.
Many innovative techniques and economical methods are being proposed and filler
slab technology is one such innovative and cost-effective technology where a dead load of the
slab is reduced by replacing the concrete. Concrete is good in withstanding compressive forces
and steel is good in withstanding tensile forces. The main aim behind the use of filler-slab
technology is to condense a substantial portion of concrete below the neutral axis since all
concrete in the tension zone does not add to the tensile properties. This concrete is replaced
with lightweight, inert and inexpensive filler without neglecting the quality and structural
strength of the structure[2].
By reducing the quantity and weight of concrete, the slab becomes less expensive, but
the strength has to remain the same as the conventional slab. In many of the areas, to reduce
the heat impact in the building during hot weather at an economic cost, the filler-slab
technology acts as an excellent thermal insulator and brings down the temperature inside the
building.

AIM:

The aim of research paper is to identify how filler slab is durable, cost effective, aesthetically
better than conventional slab in single story building .

OBJECTIVES:
To collect data of filler slab with respect to decided parameters.
To collect data of conventional slab with respect to decided parameters.
To compare data received from filler and conventional slab study.
SCOPE:
Due to the current growing population and rising inflation, it has become difficult to
build a one-storey house. As a solution to this, the building element should be low cost but its
strength and durability should not be compromised so filler slab can be used as an alternative
for slab.

LIMITATION OF RESEARCH PAPER:

Research is limited for filler slab using at floor/roof for single story structure. Also comparison
is limited for selective parameters. Slab size taken for comparison is 3.6m x 3.6m.

Materials selection as per need and design:

Light weight, inert and inexpensive materials such as low grade Mangalore tiles, Thermopolis
Burnt Clay Bricks, Hollow Concrete blocks, Stabilized Mud blocks/ Hollow Mud blocks, Clay
pots, Coconut shells etc. can be used as filler materials. These materials are laid in the grids of
steel reinforcement rods and concreting/concrete topping is done over them.

The following points should be considered for filler material selection:

 Filler material should be inert in nature. It should not react with concrete or steel in
RCC slab constructed.
 Filler materials water absorption should be checked for as it will soak the hydration
water from concrete.
 Filler material should be light in weight, so that overall weight of the slab reduces and
also the dead load onto the foundations is reduced.
 Filler material should be low cost so that it cost is much lesser then the cost of the
concrete it replaces. This is very important to achieve economy.
 Filler material texture should match with the desired ceiling finish requirements so as
not to provide an ugly ceiling pattern.

From above description material consider for filler slab is clay pots of size 230mm.
 METHODOLOGY:

SELECTED PARAMETERS

CONSTRUCTION STRENGTH DURABILITY THERMAL

COST
EXPANSION

This parameter This two parameters This parameter proved

proved by quantity proved by Numerical by Experimental
survey method method method

Construction Cost :

Fig.1 plan of filler slab Fig.2 plan of conventional

slab
As research is limited for slab having size 3.6m x 3.6m. Cost is calculated with respect to the
size by quantity survey analysis method. As per fig 1 total number pots are 100.
Cost for Conventional slab :
Area = 3.6 X 3.6 m = 12.96 = 13 sqm
M3 = 13 X 0.15 = 1.95 = 2m3
Consider, M15 concrete 1:2:4, wet 1m3 = 1.52m3 dry
Cement: Sand: aggregate
1: 2: 4 = 1+2+4 = 7
C = 1.52 \ 7 = 0.21 m3
0.21 X 30 = 6.3 bags = 7 bags
Agg = 0.21 X 4 = 0.84

Table No. 1 costing for conventional slab

Content 1m3 2m3 Current rate Cost
Cement 7 bags 14 bags 360/bag 5040
Sand 0.42 m3 0.84 m3 2600/ brass 2373
Aggregate 0.84 m3 1.68 m3 8000/ brass 1542
Total = (1 brass = 2.83/ m3 ) 8955 /-

Cost for filler slab :

Pot sizes = 230 mm (9’)
Volume of pot = (2\3) pie r3 = (2\3) 3.14 X 1153 = 0.00315 m3
Volume of total pots : volume of pot x total pots = 0.00315 x 100 = 0.315 m3
Volume of slab concrete = volume of concrete – volume of total pots
= 2 – 0.315 = 1.64 m3
For 1 m3 = 1.52, consider m15 concrete

Table No. 1 costing for filler slab

Content 1m3 1.64 m3 Current rate Cost
Cement 7 bags 12 bags 360/bag 4320
Sand 0.42m3 0.688 m3 2600/ brass 1695
Aggregate 0.84m3 1.377 m3 8000/ brass 1193
Total = (1 brass = 2.83/ m3 ) 7208 /-
From Table 1 and Table 2:

Table No. 3 Resulting table

Room size Conventional slab Filler slab cost Difference In %

cost

3.6m x 3.6m 8955/- 7208/- 1747/- 19.5%

Analysis:

From table no. 3 we can analysed that filler slab is cost efficient with compare to conventional
slab. It’s cost is 19.5% lesser than conventional slab.

Strength and Durability:

Fig.3: C/s of RCC-Filler Slab

Referring to Fig.3, the points ‘abcdefgh’ show the alphabet ‘T’-Shape. The ribs are cast
by the only presence of the fillers themselves. Hence, no extra formwork is needed. Minimum
size of each rib is 75mm width and the minimum depth is to be as per the slab design. The ‘T’
beam is analysed for a single rib in the span as follows.

Moment of RCC Filler slab :

Load calculation / m width of slab

Live Load =1.5 kN/m2
Weathering Course =0.6 kN/m2
Self weight =0.125x24.48=3.125 kN/m2
Total Load =5.16 kN/m2
Factored Load =5.16x1.5=7.84kN/m
Assuming simply supported effective span of 3.6m,
Max. mid span moment/m =(7.74x3.62 ) / 8 =9.327x106 Nmm
Hence, Moment (BM) =9.327x106 x0.3 =2.798 kNm ........ (1)

Moment of resistance of RCC Filler slab:

Assuming, over all depth=125mm on stiffness basis, Take, dia. of main bar =10mm, clear cover
=15mm,

d (effective) available =125-15-5=105mm

Neutral axis depth Xu=0.87 x fy x Ast/0.36 x fck x bf

=0.87x415x78.5/0.36x20x300 =13.12mm

Resisting Moment =(0.87 x fy x Ast) x (d-0.42 x Xu)

=(0.87 x 415 x 78.5) x (105- 0.42*13.12) =2.823 kNm ........ (2)

Since, value in (2) is slightly greater than (1); the section is safe in flexure.

Analysis:

From above statement this parameter is proved, that filler slab is durable and structurally
strength full with respect to conventional slab.
Thermal expansion :

For this parameter experimental method is used, where I select 2 types of room of same size
1st having filler slab and 2nd having convectional slab to calculate temperature with help of
temperature calculating instrument.
To check room temperature: DIGITAL THERMOMETER.
Table: Readings of temperature in summer

Both structure was having both slab filler and conventional therefore reading are taken for same
location.
Structure Owner: Ramesh Talekar Date : 02/04/2022 Saturday
Address: Kodit khurda ,saswad , taluka - purandhar

Table No. 4 Readings for structure 1

Room size with No. of Readings AVG. AVG. External
Slab types Opening Morning Afternoon Night Temperature
09:00 am 12:00 pm 08:00 pm (Degree C.)

1. Filler slab 3 22oc 31 oc 26 oc 26.3 oc 40 oc

type room

2. Conventional 3 37 oc 39 oc 35 oc 37 oc 40 oc
slab type room

From table no: 4 for first location filler slab is 10.7% cooler than conventional slab with respect
to external avg. temperature.
Structure Owner: Ar. Harshad Pawar Date : 03/04/2022 Saturday
Address: Shivnri society,taljai pathar ,pune

Table No. 5 Readings for structure 2

Room size with No. of Readings AVG. AVG. External
Slab types Opening Morning Afternoon Night Temperature
09:00 am 12:00 pm 08:00 pm (Degree C.)

1. Filler slab 4 26oc 38 oc 36 oc 33.3 oc 44 oc

type room

2. Conventional 4 39 oc 43 oc 40 oc 40.6 oc 44 oc
slab type room
From table no: 5 for first location filler slab is 7.3% cooler than conventional slab with respect
to external avg. temperature.

Table No. 6 Resulting table

Type of slab Temperature w.r.t. conventional slab in % AVG. Temperature
In%
Structure 1 Structure 2

Filler slab 10.7% 7.3% 9%

Analysis:

From table no: 6 we can state that filler slab is 9% to 10% cooler than conventional slab for
single story building.

Conclusion :

After carrying out the study of selected parameters and various papers it can be stated that this
technology can be proved to stand as cost effective and alternate technology for single story
building.

 In Point of view of construction cost, 19.5% cost is saving in filler slab technique.
Which is greatly effect on economy.
 In calculation the section is safe in flexure. Strength of conventional slab and filler slab
is nearby same. Therefore no any no effects of making filler slab instead of conventional
slab.
 Though the filler slabs help reduce the thermal transmittance by 9% to 10% for this
case with compare of conventional slab.
 Aesthetic: There is no need of extra expenditure for interior decoration purpose.
References :

[1] Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India, Ministry of Home
Affairs, Government of India,
www.censusindia.gov.in, Census Info, 2011.
[2] Harry V and Pinto P 2014 Journal of Information, Knowledge, and Research 14(2) 975–
6744.
[3] Application of RCC Filler slab Floors and Roofs, Dr BALASUBRAMANI N1*, Ar.
VEDHAJANANI B2 , Dr PERUMALK3 , RAMAN P4
http://www.ijrerd.com/papers/v2-i7/34-IJRERD-B420.pd
[4] Design and Analysis of Filler Slab, Mahananda R K1, Vikas Mendi2 and Raveesh R M3
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/347971006_Design_and_Analysis_of_Filler_Slab
[5] Filler-Slab as a Continuous T-Beam Slab (Low Cost as Well as Increased
Strength) Ayush Srivastava1 .
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271703772_Filler_Slab_as_a_Continuous_T-
Beam_Slab_Low_cost_as_well_as_Increased_Strength
LITERATURE REVIEW:

STUDY ON FLEXURAL BEHAVIOUR OF RCC SLAB FILLED WITH HOLLOW

ROOFING TILES
Deepika Dinesh.and Akhil P.
Method of Research paper:
This paper is based on experimental method.
Aim of paper is how hollow roofing tiles filled with RCC slab. In this paper a hollow roofing
tile is used as a filler material so that portion of concrete below the neutral axis can be replaced
by these materials. Flexural behaviour of the slab is conducted using the loading frame
equipment. The test specimen consists of a solid slab as a reference slab, a hollow core slab
with fully covered hollow roofing tile on the bottom region, and a hollow core slab with hollow
roofing tile only on all the four edges. The diameters of the steel reinforcement used are 8mm
and 6mm deformed bars. The slab thickness was 13 cm. The results showed that hollow core
slab can reduce the weight as compared to the solid slab. Flexural strength of hollow core slab
with hollow roofing tile only on all the four edges is having higher value than the hollow core
slab with fully covered hollow roofing tile on the bottom region; whereas these are lower than
the solid slab. The value of ultimate loading capacity of solid slab is greater than the hollow
concrete slabs. However, the hollow slab satisfies the design criteria.

APPLICATION OF RCC FILLER SLAB FLOORS AND ROOFS

Dr balasubramani n., ar. Vedhajanani b., dr perumalk, raman p.
Method of Research paper:
This paper is based on Numerical method.
This paper clearly presents one method of design of RCC-Filler Slab floors and roofs by means
of a numerical example. Filler slabs prove as a cost effective alternative resulting with around
25% of overall economy compared to conventional RCC slabs. These filler slabs instantly serve
as energy efficient and eco-friendly construction systems. This paper will open ways to wide
spread application of RCC-Filler slabs for floors and roofs.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF FILLER SLAB
Mahananda R K., Vikas Mendi and Raveesh R M.
Method of Research paper:
This paper is based on experimental method.
In this paper Two-way slab is designed; the filler blocks are placed between the reinforcement
spacing by providing a cover of 20mm. The filler materials are granite dust and foundry sand.
This filler slab is analysed using STAAD.Pro and ANSYS software. Filler slab is compared
with the conventional slab of same size. This study describes the Structural behaviour and
cost effectiveness of filler slab when compared to the standard slab.

A RC FILLER SLAB WITH NON-AUTOCLAVED CELLULAR CONCRETE

BLOCKS FOR SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION

M. P. Jaisingh, L. Jaisingh and B. Singh.

Method of Research paper:

This paper is based on experimental method.

In this context, utilisation of this waste material in building construction will go a long way in
solving its disposal problem. Towards this end, a technology has been developed at the Central
Building Research Institute (CBRI), Roorkee, India, to construct reinforced floor/roof slab with
no autoclaved cellular concrete filler blocks cast with fly ash, lime, cement and a foaming
agent. Autoclaved cellular concrete blocks are being used in the building industry to some
extent in India. But as they require autoclaving for the production, they are costly. Hence non-
autoclaved units have been developed with a suitable proportion of the constituents. The blocks
are of size 260 x 560 mm, tapering down to 250 x 550 mm and are 110 mm thick. The floor/roof
slab is cast with cement concrete of grade Ml 5 with these blocks as fillers. Reinforcement bars
are provided in two perpendicular directions in the space between the blocks. Room size filler
slabs were tested for their structural and functional performance at CBRI. Deflection recovery
tests, failure load tests and impact load tests were conducted. Functional properties like thermal
performance index, sound absorption coefficient, leak proofness etc. were also studied.

STUDY ON FILLER SLAB USING SELF COMPACTING CONCRETE WITH

TERRACOTTA POTS AS FILLER

S.Sundari , S.Sukumar

Method of Research paper:

This paper is based on experimental method.
In this research they highlights on the behaviour of filler slab using self-compacting concrete
with terracotta pots as filler. The materials used in Self compacting concrete are cement,
mineral admixture- fly ash, chemical admixture- super plasticizer Gallium B233, crushed sand,
water. The fresh properties of mortar were found by conducting Flow cone test, V- funnel test
as specified in EFNARC (European Federation of National Associations Representing for
Concrete) and optimum dosage of super plasticizer was found to be 2% with 25% fly ash. Mix
design for SCC of M35 grade was done based on IS 10262:2009 & EFNARC. The fresh
properties of concrete were found by conducting Slump flow test, V-funnel test, L-box test as
per EFNARC and the concrete satisfies the conditions specified in it. Then the slab specimens
were cast in different sizes and tested for their flexural behaviour and the results are compared
with the theoretical values.