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    Sop Standard Operating Procedures

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    Taha Saadan
    SOPs (standard operating procedures) are written procedures that describe standard tasks and duties for each flight phase. SOPs should be simple, clear, concise and prescriptive to establish standardized crew coordination and communication. Aviation safety organizations have identified deficiencies in SOPs or non-compliance with SOPs as contributing factors in many accidents.

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    Sop Standard Operating Procedures

    Uploaded by

    Taha Saadan
    400 views3 pages
    SOPs (standard operating procedures) are written procedures that describe standard tasks and duties for each flight phase. SOPs should be simple, clear, concise and prescriptive to establish standardized crew coordination and communication. Aviation safety organizations have identified deficiencies in SOPs or non-compliance with SOPs as contributing factors in many accidents.

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    SOPs (standard operating procedures) are written procedures that describe standard tasks and duties for each flight phase. SOPs should be simple, clear, concise and prescriptive to establish standardized crew coordination and communication. Aviation safety organizations have identified deficiencies in SOPs or non-compliance with SOPs as contributing factors in many accidents.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    400 views3 pages

    Sop Standard Operating Procedures

    Uploaded by

    Taha Saadan
    SOPs (standard operating procedures) are written procedures that describe standard tasks and duties for each flight phase. SOPs should be simple, clear, concise and prescriptive to establish standardized crew coordination and communication. Aviation safety organizations have identified deficiencies in SOPs or non-compliance with SOPs as contributing factors in many accidents.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3
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    The key takeaways are that SOPs are standardized procedures that provide consistency and efficiency in flight crew operations. They are designed to be followed without recall aids and assume all systems are functioning properly.

    SOPs are standardized operating procedures that are expected to be universally and consistently applied within an organization. They provide the basis for crew standardization and establish efficient crew communication and coordination by outlining who should do what tasks and how automation should be used.

    SOPs should address critical and recurring operational topics like task sharing, use of automation, approach briefings, altitude setting cross-checks, descent profile management, terrain awareness, stabilized approach criteria, various approach and landing techniques.

    Page 1 of 3

    SOP - Standard Operating Procedures

    SOP ? Standard Operating Procedure ? SOPs are written, published and tested
    procedures that are expected to be universally and consistently applied within an
    organization.

    • SOPs should identify and describe the standard tasks and duties of a
    flight crew for each flight phase, including what to do and when to do it.
    • SOPs should be simple, clear, concise and prescriptive.

    SOPs should be designed to be accomplished without an aid to recall, such as a


    checklist. Critical tasks (e.g., selections of systems, changes to aircraft
    configuration), however, must also include a cross-check for errors through use of
    normal checklists according to the phase of flight. The briefing note Normal
    Checklists provides a detailed overview of the scope and use of normal checklists.

    • SOPs (including standard calls) should provide the basis for crew
    standardization and establish a working environment conducive to
    enhanced and efficient crew communication and coordination.

    • SOPs should be supplemented as needed by relevant information on


    specific operating techniques (e.g., adverse weather operation) and by
    operational recommendations for specific types of operations (e.g.,
    operations on wet or contaminated runways, operations in extended
    operations ETOPS areas, operations in reduced vertical separation
    minimum (RVSM) airspace).

    • SOPs should assume that all aircraft systems are operating in an


    acceptable manner and that all automatic functions are used as
    intended. SOPs are for the vast majority of situations in which nothing
    related to the flight is out of the ordinary range of conditions
    encountered in the airline's operations.
    Page 2 of 3

    Note: A system may be partially or totally inoperative in accordance with a


    company's minimum equipment list (MEL)/dispatch deviation guide (DDG) without
    affecting the SOPs. Dispatch with an acceptable loss of redundancy or function
    (e.g., an inoperative auxiliary power unit ([APU]) is a "standard" condition as
    envisioned by SOPs.

    SOPs should address and emphasize critical and recurring operational topics,
    including:

    • Task sharing (who should do)


    • Optimum use of automation (how to use)
    • Operations golden rules
    • Standards calls (what to expect, what to observe)
    • Use of normal checklists
    • Approach and go-around briefings
    • Altimeter setting and cross-check procedures
    • Use of the radio altimeter
    • Descent profile management
    • Energy management
    • Terrain awareness
    • Threat and hazard awareness
    • Elements of a stabilized approach and approach gates
    • Approach procedures and techniques for various types of
    approaches
    • Landing and braking techniques for various types of runway and wind
    conditions
    • Readiness and commitment to go around (e.g., ground-proximity
    warning system [GPWS] warning, unstabilized approach, bounce
    recovery).

    SOP's are universally recognized as basic tool for safe aviation operations.
    Effective crew coordination and crew performance, two central concepts of crew
    resource management (CRM), depend upon the crew's having a shared mental
    model of each task. That mental model, in turn, is founded on SOPs

    SOPs should be clear, comprehensive, and readily available in the manuals used
    by flight deck crewmembers.
    Page 3 of 3

    Many aviation safety organizations including the FAA have recently reaffirmed the
    importance of SOPs.

    For many years the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) has identified
    deficiencies in standard operating procedures as contributing causal factors in
    aviation accidents. Among the most commonly cited deficiencies involving
    flightcrews has been their non-compliance with established procedures; another has
    been the non-existence of established procedures in some manuals used by
    flightcrews.

    The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) has also recognized the
    importance of SOPs for safe flight operations. Recent amendments to ICAO Annex
    6 establish that each member state should require that SOPs for each phase of
    flight be contained in the operations manual used by pilots.

    Non-government aviation safety organizations such as Flight Safety Foundation,


    (Alexandria, VA) have concluded that airlines perform with higher levels of safety
    when they establish and adhere to adequate SOPs.

    In 1997 the FAA joined with representatives from the National Aeronautics and
    Space Administration (NASA) and from a broad cross-section of aviation
    organizations to form the Commercial Aviation Safety Team (CAST). Chartered by
    the White House to reduce the commercial aviation accident rate by 80 percent in
    10 years, this Team chose controlled flight into terrain (CFIT) as one of the first
    major aviation hazards to be addressed in meeting this challenge. The Team used a
    data-driven approach to identify interventions with the highest possible safety
    leverage, and to develop a comprehensive agenda to implement those
    interventions.

    In its study of CFIT accidents, a CAST analysis team including the FAA
    corroborated the findings of the NTSB, ICAO, and other groups. Almost 50 percent
    of the 107 CFIT interventions identified by that analysis team related to the
    flightcrew's failure to adhere to SOPs or the certificate holder's failure to establish
    adequate SOPs. Subsequent CAST teams confirmed their analysis further.

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