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1.) Aboitiz Shipping Corporation v. Insurance Company of North America

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Aboitiz Shipping Corporation v.

Insurance Company of North


America,
G.R. No. 168402, 06 August 2008
FACTS: MSAS Cargo International Limited and/or Associated and/or Subsidiary
Companies (MSAS) procured a marine insurance policy from respondent ICNA UK
Limited of London. The insurance was for a transshipment of certain wooden work
tools and workbenches purchased for the consignee Science Teaching
Improvement Project (STIP). ICNA issued an "all-risk" open marine policy.
The cargo was shipped by various carriers without any issue until said cargo was
received by Aboitiz Shipping Corporation (Aboitiz). The cargo was withdrawn by
STIP and delivered to Don Bosco Technical High School where it was found that
the cargo sustained water damage. It was received by Mr. Bernhard Willig and filed
a formal claim with Aboitiz.
Aboitiz refused to settle the claim. ICNA paid the consignee and a subrogation
receipt was duly signed by Willig. ICNA formally advised Aboitiz of the claim and
subrogation receipt executed in its favor.
ISSUE: Whether ICNA is subrogated to the rights of the consignee upon payment
of the claim the former to the latter.
RULING: Yes. Upon payment to the consignee of indemnity for damage to the
insured goods, ICNA's entitlement to subrogation equipped it with a cause of
action against petitioner in case of a contractual breach or negligence. This right of
subrogation, however, has its limitations. First, both the insurer and the consignee
are bound by the contractual stipulations under the bill of lading. Second, the
insurer can be subrogated only to the rights as the insured may have against the
wrongdoer. If by its own acts after receiving payment from the insurer, the insured
releases the wrongdoer who caused the loss from liability, the insurer loses its
claim against the latter.
KEY CONCEPTS:
The right of subrogation attaches upon payment by the insurer of the insurance
claims of the assured. As subrogee, the insurer steps into the shoes of the assured
and may exercise only those rights that the assured may have against the
wrongdoer who cause the damage.

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