Iv. EVIDENCE (Rules 128-134) A. PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATION 1. Definition/Meaning and Scope of E. 2. Kinds and Classifications of E. 3. Axioms of Admissibility a. Relevancy b. Competency ¢. Authentici 4. Kinds of admissibility a. conditional b. multiple c. curative Cases: ty d. Offer 1. Ong Chia vs. Republic, 328 SCRA - on naturalization 2, Zulueta vs. CA, 253 SCRA ~ on privacy of communication 3. People vs, Yatar, 428 SCRA : - on the right against self-incrimination (DNA) 3. Tating vs. Marcella, 519 SCRA - admissibility vs. weight & sufficiency of ‘evidence 4, People vs. Salafranca, 666 SCRA «multiple admissibility of evidence 5. SCC Chemicals Corp. vs. CA, 353 SCRA - hearsay evidence admissible when not objected & correspondence B. WHAT NEED NOT BE PROVED 1. Judicial Notice a. mandatory and discretionary b. when to take judicial notice 2. Judicial Admissions ‘a. when is there judicial admissions Cases: 1. LBP vs. Banal, 434 SCRA ~ oncontents of the records of other cases 2. People vs. Kulais, 292 SCRA - on testimonies in another case 3. Laureano vs. CA, 324 SCRA ~ admissibility of foreign laws 4. Maquiling vs. COMELEC, 700 SCRA - admissibility of foreign laws/official records 5. People vs. Baharan, 639 SCRA ~ admissibility of extrajudicial confession/plea of guilty 6. Republic vs. Sandiganbayan, 662 SCRA - exception to admissibility of testimonies in other cases 7. Ligtas vs. People, 767 SCRA I issibility of decisions and records in other cases 30 Scanned with CamScannerC. RULES OF ADMISSIBILITY 1, Object/Real Evidence Cases: 1. Salas vs. Matusalem, 705 SCRA - how to establish paternity and filiation 2. People vs. Mercury de la Cruz, 802 SCRA, Sept. 7, 2016 - chain of custody rule 3. People vs. Manuel de la Rosa, Dec. 13, 2017 - chain of custody rule 4, People vs. Sanchez, March 7, 2018 - chain of custody rule 5. People vs. Emmanuel Oliva — January 7, 2019 - chain of custody rule , 2. Documentary Evidence 1. St. Martin Polyclinic, Inc. vs. LWV Const. Corp., 847 SCRA 2, People vs. Vibar, 858 SCRA 230 ~ admissibility of private documents a. The Best Evidence Rule Cases: 1. MCMP Const. Corp. vs. Monark, Nov. 10, 2014 2. Loon vs. Power Master, Inc., 712 SCRA 3. Dimaguila vs. Monteiro, 714 SCRA 4. Republic vs. Mupas, 769 SCRA 384 5. Robinol vs. Bassig, 845 SCRA 447 b. Parol Evidence Cases: 1. Leoveras vs. Valdez, 652 SCRA 2. Paras vs. Kimwa Const. & Dev. Corp., 755 SCRA 3. PNB vs. Pasimio, 769 SCRA 70 4. Mancol vs. DBP, 846 SCRA 131 ¢. Electronic Evidence -AM. 01-7-01-SC, Rules on Electronic Evidence ~ RA. 8792, E-Commerce Law Cases: 1. Heirs of Sabanpan vs. Comorposa, 408 SCRA 2. Torres vs. PAGCOR, 661 SCRA . 3. Ang vs. Republic,618 SCRA 4. People vs. Enojas 5. Syhunliong vs. Rivera, June 4, 2014 6. Bartolome vs. Maranan, 740 SCRA 491 7. BBB vs. AAA, 750 SCRA 188 8, Astorga & Repol Law Offices vs. Villanueva, 751 SCRA 410 31 Scanned with CamScanner3. Testimonial Evidence b. Qualifications: “one who can perceive and perceiving can make known his perception” ! i. ability to observe/perceive ability to recall/remember iif, ability to relate/communicate ¢. disqualifications: Case: Marcos vs. Heirs of Andres Navarro, 700 SCRA i. mental incapacity or immaturity Case: People vs. Golimlim, 427 SCRA ii. marital disqualification Cases: 1 Alvarez vs. Ramirez, 473 SCRA. 2 People vs. Castaneda, 88 SCRA iii, death or insanity (dead man’s statute) Cases: 1. Razon vs. CA, 207 SCRA 2. Sunga-Chan vs. Chua, 363 SCRA 3, Bordalba vs. CA, 374 SCRA iv, privileged communication Cases: 1. Chan vs. Chan, 702 SCRA 2 Lacurom vs. Jacoba, 484 SCRA. 3,Samala vs. Valencia, 512 SCRA 4.Almonte vs. Vasquez,244 SCRA Note: Discuss executive privilege under the doctrines in ‘Senate of the Philippines vs. Ermita (488 SCRA) and Neri Vs, Senate Committees (435 SCRA) d. Testimonial Privilege e. Admissions - by third parties - by partners - by conspirators - by privies - by silence Cases: 1. Constantino vs. Heirs of Pedro Constantino, Jr. 706 SCRA 2. Cambe vs. Office of the Ombudsman, 812 SCRA 537, December 6, 2016 Scanned with CamScanneryy 3. Pamplona vs, Cueto, 856 SCRA 33 4, Ocampo vs. Ocampo, Sr., 830 SCRA 418 f. Confessions ~ judicial vs. extra-judicial Cases: 1. People vs, Dacanay, 807 SCRA 130, 11/7/2016 2. Pfeider vs. People, 827 SCRA 343 3. Fronteras vs. People, 776 SCRA 152 4. People vs. Opiniano, 832 SCRA (2017) 5. Cruz vs. People, 846 SCRA 189 g. Conduct and Character Cases: 1. People vs. Santos, 221 SCRA 715 2. People ys, Nardo, 353 SCRA 339 3. RP vs. Heirs of Alejaga, Sr., 393 SCRA 361 h. Hearsay Evidence Rule Case: Patula vs. People, 669 SCRA People vs. Aguirre, 845 SCRA ‘o Doctrine: independently relevant statement Dying Declaration: Pp vs. Calinawan, 817 SCRA 424, February 13, 2017 Pp vs. Umapas, 821 SCRA 421 5. Declaration against interest: Pp vs. Bernal, 274 SCRA Heirs of Peter Donton vs. iii, Declaration about pedigree: Stier, 837 SCRA 583 ‘on vs. CA, 276 SCRA iy, Family Reputation: Jison vs. CA, 286 SCRA y, Common reputation Vi. Res gestae: Pp vs. Dimapilit, 836 SCRA 514 Pp vs. Santillan, 837 SCRA 71 vii, Entries in the course of business: Phil. Airlines vs Ramos, 207 SCRA 461 wifi, Entries in Official Records: People vs. Corpuz, 856 SCRA 610; Sabili vs. COMELEC, 670 SCRA; Cercado-Siga Vs, Cercado, Jr., 752 SCRA 514 ix. Commercial lists: Meralco vs. Quisumbing, 336 SCRA x xi. Learned treatises Testimony or deposition at a former proceeding: Pp vs. Ortiz-Miyako, 279 SCRA; Go vs. People, 677 SCRA 4 h. Opinion Rule ji, Child Witness Rule: People vs. Ibanez, 706 SCRA People vs. Esugon, 759 SCRA 666 i. Expert Witness: Lavarez vs. Guevarra, 822 SCRA 130 Avelino vs. People, 701 SCRA ii. Ordinary Witness: Pp vs. Duranan, 349 SCRA i. Character Evidence Case: People vs. Deopita, 436 SCRA 794 33 Scanned with CamScannerPP . BURDEN OF PROOF AND PRESUMPTIONS 1. Burden of Proof vs. Burden of Evidence Case: FEBTC vs. Chante, 707 SCRA 2. Presumptions a. Conclusive presumptions i. Ibaan Rural bank vs. CA, 321 SCRA it Alearaz vs. Tangga-an, 401 SCRA iii, University of Mindanao vs. BSP, 778 SCRA (1/11/16) b. Disputable presumptions Cases: Rosaroso vs. Soria, 699 SCRA Heirs of Trazona vs. Heirs of Canada, 712 SCRA Uy vs. Lacsamana, 767 SCRA 657 Diaz vs. People, 776 SCRA 43 = suppression of testimony: People vs. Padrigone, 382 SCRA Metrobank vs. CA, 333 SCRA official duty: People vs. Barte, 819 SCRA 10, March 1, 2017 De los Santos vs. COA, 703 SCRA People vs. Candidia, 707 SCRA cohabitation: People vs. Edualino, 271 SCRA - absence legitimacy survivorship E. PRESENTATION OF EVIDENCE 1. Order of Presentation of Evidence, People vs Fabre, 385 SCRA 2, Leading and Misleading Questions. People vs. Perez, 397 SCRA 3. Impeachment. People vs. Castellano, 400 SCRA 4, Reference to Memorandum a. Present Memory Revived. People vs. Plasencia, 249 SCRA b. Past Recollection Recorded. Canque vs. CA, 305 SCRA 5. Classes of Documents a. Public Documents Cases: 1. Iwasawa vs. Gangan, 705 SCRA "—__2.Asian Terminals vs. Philam Insurance, 702 SCRA b.Private Documents 6. Offer of Evidence. Aludos vs. Suerte, 673 SCRA; Westmont Investment Corporation vs. Francia, Jr., 661 SCRA 34 Scanned with CamScanner| 7, Tender of Excluded Evidence Fortune Tobacco Corp. vs. Com of Int. Rev., 761 SCRA 173 f F. WEIGHT AND SUFFICIENCY OF EVIDENCE (Hierarchy of Evidence) i, Overwhelming evidence ii Proof Beyond Reasonable Doubt 1. People vs. Caliso - 659 SCRA 2. People vs. Patentes - 716 SCRA 3. People vs. Arcenal, 821 SCRA 549 4. People vs. Alboka, 856 SCRA 252 iii, Clear and Convincing 1. Govt of Hongkong Special Adm. Region Vs, Olalia, Jr.— 521 SCRA 2. Sup. Court vs, Delgado, 658 SCRA 3. People vs. Fontanilla — 664 SCRA 4. People vs. Cabiles, 827 SCRA iv. _ Preponderance of Evidence 1 .PCIB vs. Balmaceda — 658 SCRA 2.De la Llana vs. Biong - 711 SCRA 3 ‘Canlao vs. People - 659 SCRA (equipoise doctrine) v. Substantial Evidence 1 Office of the Ombudsman vs. Reyes — 658 SCRA 2 Ramos vs, BPI Family Savings Bank — 711 SCRA vi. _ Prima facie evidence 1 .Lucas vs. Lucas — 650 SCRA 2. Estate of F.E.Marcos vs. Republic, 814 SCRA 600 3. Marcos vs. Cabrera-Faller. 815 SCRA 285 vii. Probable Cause 1. PNB vs. Tria - 671 SCRA 2. Del Castillo vs. People — 664 SCRA viii, Iota of Evidence (circumstantial) 1.. People vs. Anticamara — 651 SCRA 2. People vs. Deocampo 666 SCRA 3. Celedonio vs. People, 761 SCRA 363 4. Bacerra vs. People. 828 SCRA 525 35 21 Scanned with CamScanner