HIJRAH

Quarkwood High

CREATIVE ROAD TO MADINAH

WRITING 101
REFLECTION ON PROPHETIC HISTORY

Section 6

ATHIRA AIZA BINTI ANUAR (1522778)FICTION

NUR ALYA ARDINI BINTI MOHD HANAFI (1521792)
by Annie Sanders

AINA SYAZWANI BT MOHD NAJIB (1524194)

SUBAGYO MILA ARMELIA (1639990)
FARAH NAJIHAH BINTI MOHD (1529926)
 WHAT IS HIJRAH?
LITERAL:
Emigration, or self separation from one’s fellow

or country.

TECHNICAL:
Departure of Prophet Muhammad pbuh from

Makkah to Madinah.

DATE:
622 M

- marked the beginning of Islamic history

 PROPHET &
COMPANIONS’
HIJRAH
Hijrah was done gradually and secretly by the people during that time . 

1. Prophet instructed the people to perform hijrah first.

First people performed hijrah: Abu Salamah & his family,
gradually followed by others.

2. Prophet Muhammad performed hijrah with Saidina Abu Bakar

3. Saidina Umar: only he declared publicly about his hijrah.

Though, no one dared to stop him.

4. Saidina Ali: last person to perform hijrah due to Prophet's

order.
 Personal safety of the Muslims Makkah.

-  Muslims at that time were faced with great

   amount of life-threatening and struggles,  

   done by the Musyrikin Makkah.

- Thus, new environment in Madinah can

REASONS    promise them peace and safety.

OF HIJRAH Establishment of an ideal and stable Muslim

state. 

-  Hijrah was an opportunity for Muslims to

   build a strong and stable state, and unified

   social order of the society. 

 - Hijrah leaved a great importance in

   ideological, social, political and cultural

   impacts in mankind’s history.

 HISTORY OF HIJRAH
PRE HIJRAH

DURING HIJRAH

POST HIJRAH
 Prophet Muhammad S.A.W met 6 people

PRE HIJRAH
from Yathrib who had come for the

annual rites of pilgrimage at Qaba'.

(AQABAH 1) They learn about Islam and started to

recognized him as the Prophet and they

accept Islam.

They pledged an oath of allegiance to

the Prophet and promise to invite more

people to enter Islam. The following year,

there were 12 men embraced Islam.

And there were 9 contents of oath which

include about the faith, akhlaq, and

justice.

The Prophet also send Mus'ab Bin Umair

to teach them about Quran and Islamic

Injunctions.
 During the pilgrimage season, 73 men

and 2 women come from Madina to

PRE HIJRAH Mekka. 

(AQABAH 2)
Once, they arrived they had secret

contract with the Prophet and agreed

to meet secretly in mid Tashriq days in

Aqabah.

Prophet Muhammad appointed 12

deputies (naqib) to preach Islam in

Madina and implement the pledge

among the people of their tribes to

spread Islam.
DURING The Quraysh people gathered and have

HIJRAH a meeting at Dar al Nadwah.  Before

this, it used to be the house of Qusayy

ibn Kilab, a great-grandfather of the

The Quraysh assemble Prophet. 

and plan to kill the They planned to kill the Prophet as they

Prophet think it is the best way to get rid of the

Prophet.

However, Allah revealed to the Prophet

about the issue through the Angel

Gabriel.
 In the night, when  40 Quraysh people

started to surround the house of Prophet.

Prophet ask Ali to sleep on his bed and

DURING Prophet went out from the house peacefully

HIJRAH
by reading Sura Yasin.

With Allah's help, the Quraysh people fell

asleep and went unnoticed about Prophet's

The Prophet, Saidina
movement. 

Abu Bakar and Ali. In the fajr, those Quraysh people woke up

and saw a man sleep on the bed while

assuming it was the Prophet who sleep.

Then, they started to enter the house and

during the commotion, Ali woke up and

questioned what happen.

When they realised their mistake, they

became angry but still insist on finding the

Prophet because they believed Prophet could

not went far from Mekkah yet.

 Their immediate destination was a cave

in the Mount of Thawr.

DURING
They could hide in the cave for three

days , a period sufficient for things to

HIJRAH calm down.

Asma', the daughter of Abu Bakr was

the one who help in preparing and

Miracles inside
delivered food to the cave at night.

Cave of Thur The Quraysh people still continue

their searching and ask help from Abu

Karz who was expert in trace people.

They went to the cave but saw the

cobweb and pigeon lay eggs at the

cave's entrance. Because of that,

they did not enter and assumed if

there were any people entered the

cave before them, the cobweb would

not have been undisturbed.

DURING
There was a man who named Suraqah

interested in the prize that been offered

HIJRAH by the Quraysh people for those who able

to kill the Prophet. The reward was 100

camels.
Incident during
Unfortunately, his horse suddenly fall

the journey. badly for twice when he was in the sight

of Prophet.

He persisted to chase the Prophet, but

again the horse fell so bad and sank deep

to the sand.

Suraqah was very afraid and change his

mind because he feel that there was a

Divine force that protect the Prophet.

DURING Prophet Muhammad SAW and Abu Bakr ,

HIJRAH arrived in Quba at 12 Rabiul awal. 

They built a mosque in Quba, the first ever

mosque built in Islamic history, that is highly

Built Quba' praised in Quran.

They received comrades from among both

Mosque
Ansar and Muhajirin. Together, they built the

mosque and it took approximately 5 days to

complete.

 Prophet had to assess the situation in

Madinah.
 POST HIJRAH
       1. Arrival in Madinah

        Banu Najjar felt highly blessed and gratitude with Prophet's

arrival in their place. They welcomed Prophet and Muhajirun's

presence with open arms and big hearts, and even sang a

welcoming song to them.

They claimed that "We are young maidens Banu Al-Najjar, how

wonderful is Muhammad when he stands by us as a neighbor!, and

we may recall once more that lovely attributes to the radiance of

the prophet of God."

                 
POST HIJRAH
        

2.Entering the City : The house of Abu Ayyub Ansari

       After Prophet and Abu Bakr's welcoming ceremony,  many

leading figures from Madinah stepped forward and offered Prophet

to reside in their place. However, Prophet politely refused and

apologised to them, saying that he would leave the decision to his

she-camel, al-Qaswa as "she is guided by Allah". It turned to be

that the nearest spot that the camel knelt belonged to Abu Ayyub.

He felt very delighted and immediately invited Prophet to stay at his

house. The Prophet and Abu Bakr having alighted from al-Qaswa,

accepted the invitation.

        

POST HIJRAH
   3.Construction of Nabawi Mosque

       The construction aimed to showcase and strengthen Muslim's

efforts and their enthusiasm to the Islamic development. The

mosque witnessed a great assemblies of peace, war and victories

throughout the years.

  4. Bringing the Prophet’s family from Makkah

     Prophet Muhammad ask Zaid (his close friend) to fetch Prophet’s

family from Makkah to Madinah. They were his wife, Sawdah and his

two daughters Fatimah and Umm Kultsum. 

POST HIJRAH
THE MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS OF MADINAH

OUTLINE
Forging ties of social cohesion
The Quranic account
The Quran mobilises the Ummah
 POST HIJRAH
THE MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS OF MADINAH

Forging ties of Social Cohesion

A. Institutions of Brotherhood Among Muslims

-To each Muhajir, the Prophet assigned an Ansar Muslim to act

as brother.

Example: The Prophet himself took Ali as his brother

B.   Important marriages had happened to strengthen the ties

between the two groups

-His Sahaba, Uthman and Ali were married to his daughters.

The other Muhajirs, like Abd Rahman ibn ‘Awf and Umar ibn Al-

Khattab were married from among the Ansar.

 POST HIJRAH
THE MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS OF MADINAH

The Quranic Account

A.The Attitudes of life in Yathrib Changed

-Prophet had raised the moral consciousness of the Ansar

-(Surah al-Hashr, 59:8-9)

-Ansar and Muhajirs working as a single community and united as

a goal of Islam
 POST HIJRAH
THE MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS OF MADINAH

The Quranic Account

B. The Ordinance of Prayer, Adhan and Qibla

-The prayer was changed from 2 performances in the morning and

in the evening into 5 times a day after Hijra.

-The Prophet command a man to call in the streets for prayer

before Abdullah Ibn Zayd had experienced a dream of a man with

green robes who had suggested the Adhaan to be done as it is

known today.

-After Hijra,the Qibla was changed from Masjidil Aqsa in Jerusalem

to Masjidil Haram (Kaabah) in Makkah.

POST HIJRAH
THE MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS OF MADINAH

The Quran Mobilises the Ummah

A.The Quran dealt carefully with all the issues in armed conflict

(Battle of Badr)

-The initial permission to fight given in Surah al-Hajj which

emphasises the causes and the objectives of such fighting

 CHARTER OF MADINAH
POLITICAL

The world’s first written constitution and was

promulgated by Prophet Muhammad SAW 

Prophet Muhammad as the head of state 

Produce a form of government that adheres to Shura

system

Regarded as a remarkable contribution to the

principle of modern constitutionalism

Regulations of Islamic law to establish a peaceful

country with people in from different races and ethnic

groups
 CHARTER OF MADINAH

ECONOMY SOCIAL

Prophet Muhammad encouraged People of Madina should be

halal earnings and forbid the united as one and known as
purchase of those things that were nation of Madina
haram They should cooperate in
The Prophet appointed economy and defend their
muhtesip(inspectors) to ensure country
honesty in trade All of them are free to practice
In the era of the Prophet there was no their customs and religious
obstruction to trade or other career ceremonies
practices for women in the market Clear guarantee for the right
place of non Muslims
 SIGNIFICANCE OF HIJRAH
Establishment of an ideal and perfect state and society
-  Under Prophet’s governance, Madinah was marked as an example of an ideal

    Muslims state to be followed.

-  It portrays a just and equitable system of life, that based on the Islamic beliefs

   and principles. (e.g. from tribalism -> more equal and unite society).

Good akhlaq should be emphasized and practiced all times

- Muslims should practice good akhlaq in every matter of their lives be it social,

   political and economic matters. Despite facing with so many challenges to stay

   Muslims, Prophet and Muhajirun still able to cope and handle it with sabr and  taqwa.

  Promote brotherhood and solidarity among the people

- Among the first thing that Prophet did upon his arrival in Madinah was unite the people of

Muhajirin and Ansar.

- Brotherhood and solidarity plays an important role in ensuring  good interaction of the people

and maintaining longevity and tranquility of the state.

    Introduction of democratic system to govern
-  Madinah was the first state that practice democratic system in the world.

-  Prophet’s way of govern always prioritize the people’s needs and opinions in any

    decision making by resulting to musyawarah and syuraa.

-  Hence, the people also can freely practicing their religion and culture as long it does

    not invade the rights of others and not majorly contradict with the signs (sha’air) of

    Islam.

  

    We should never separate religion from the worldly matters.

-  Madinah is governed based on the core of Islamic teachings, which is a sole belief

    to Allah as the Most Supreme. In every aspects of the state’s administration, it was

    done in accordance to the shariah of Islam.

-   In this modern society, most countries experienced many vital issues such as

    corruption and social problems especially Muslims countries because they do not

    resort to Islamic teachings in their life practicalities.

 REFERENCES
A. Ghazi, M. (1981). The Hijrah: Its Philosophy and Message for the

Modern Man. Lahore, Pakistan: Islamic Book Foundation.

Bashier, Z. (1983). Hijra – Story and Significance. Leicester, United

Kingdom: The Islamic Foundation.

Faruqi, Ismail R. (1981). The Hijrah: the necessity of its iqamat.

Philadelphia, Pennyslvania: Temple University.

Hikmah, A. (1998) Kisah Kehidupan Nabi Muhammad SAW, Kuala

Lumpur, Malaysia.

M. Husain, H. (1986) Sejarah Hidup Muhammad SAW, Pustaka

Nasional PTE LTD, Singapura.