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QUESTIONS
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· ISLAMIC 7
MONOTH€ISM « •

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Prepared-by
Hafiz Muhammad Tahir,
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...Research Division, Darussalam

50 QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
ON ISLAMIC
MONOTHEISM
Prepared by
Hafiz Muhammad Tahir

Compiled by
Research Division, Darussalam

DARUSSALAM
i
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 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED j>'it=
Second Edition: May 2004
© Maktaba Dar-us-Salam, 1995
King Fahd National Library Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Hafiz Muhammad Tahir
50 Questions & answers on islamic
monotheism-Riyadh.
24p., 14x21 cm. ISBN 9960-740-39-0
I-Islamic theology II-Title
243 dc. 2379/15
Legal Deposit no.2 379/15
ISBN 9960-740-39-0
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 Publishers Note
Believing in the Oneness of Allah is a basic
fundamental in Islam. This belief establishes the
relationship between human beings and their Rubb.
As a Muslim we firmly believe that Allah is our
Creator, Sustainer and the true God; only He has the
right to be worshipped, there is no partner with Him
and only He has created the universe.
In this booklet, which is basically meant for the
children, we have prepared 50 questions on the belief
of Islamic Monotheism and provided short and
simple, but comprehensive answers to them.
No doubt, this booklet is useful to persons from 10 years
to 100 years of age, where we are recommending it to
children that they should benefit from it; we are also
commending it to their parents that they should not
only read it, take it in the heart and bear in the mind,
but also try to act upon it.
While printing this booklet in its traditional form and
beautiful style, Darussalam expresses its gratitude and
humbleness towards Allah the All-Mighty.
I am thankful to the Research and Compilation
Department of Darussalam for the preparation of this
booklet, specially I will mention the names of Mr.
Muhammad Tahir, and an American national Mr. Abdul
Qadir from Washington D.C. for revising the booklet.
Abdul Malik Mujahid
General Manager

Q
 In the Name of All~h
the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
0.1. Who is your Rubb (the Lord)?
A. My Rubb is All~h Who has created
me and all that exists, He nourishes
me and all creatures by His
Bounties.
0. 2. What is your Deen (religion)?
A. My Deen is Islam, which is sub-
mission and obedience to the Order
of All~h and His Messenger with
love, hoping for His reward and
fearing His punishment.
Q. 3. How did you know All~h?
A. I know Him by His signs and
creation, like the day and night; the
sun and the moon; the heaven and the
earth; and all that is in and between
them.
Q. 4. Where is All~h?
A. All~h is above the heavens, above
the Throne and separated from His
creatures.
Q. 5. Is All~h with us (in essence)?
A. All~h is settled above His Mighty
Throne, but He is with us by His
Knowledge, hearing, seeing and
other attributes. As He said to Musa
and Haroon (u +al):
{ {A>iJ - Z,)
£:>l s\-l<isl Gl!
"Fear not, verily! I am withyou both,
hearing and seeing." (V.20:46)
, ' '

Q. 6. How do you worship All~h?

A. I worship All~h according to the
teachings of the Prophet (%). I
worship Him Alone ascribing no
partner to Him.
Q.7. Why did All~h send Messengers?
A. All~h sent Messengers to call people
to worship Him Alone, and to
ascribe no partner to Him; so that
mankind have no excuse of disobe-
ying All~h.

0
Q. 8. What is the meaning of Islam?
A. Islam means 0=ls!l , #¥l , 2)5..YI
i.e., submissionto All~h sincerely
and willingly.
Q. 9. What are the pillars of Islam?
A. There are five Pillars of Islam.
1. Testimony of Faith (There is no
true God except All~h and
Muhammad is the Messenger of
All~h).
2. To perform Sal~t (prayer).
3. To pay Zakat.
4. To observe Saum (fasting)
in Ramadan.
5. To perform Hajj (pilgrimage to
the Sacred House), if one can
afford it.
Q. 10. What is Iman?
A. Iman (Faith) means to believe in the
heart, to confess by the tongue and to
act with the parts of the body.
Q. 11.How many branches does Iman
comprise?
A. Iman comprises over 70 branches, the
uppermost of which is the testimony
of Faith and lowest of which
' . .
is the
' .

removal of harmful objects off the

road.
0.12. Does Iman (Faith) increases or
decreases?
A. Iman (Faith) increases by obedience
to All~h and good deeds while it
decreases by sins and evil acts.
Q. 13. What are the pillars of Iman
(Faith)?
A. The pillars of Iman are six, i.e., to
believe in:
1. All~h.
2. His Angels.
3. His Messengers.·
4. His Books.
5. The Last Day.

0
 6. Divine Preordainments, its good
or bad consequences.
0.14. What is Belief in All~h?
A. The Belief in All~h is to believe that
He is the Sole Creator, Sustainer,
Provider and the One in Whose
Hand· is the disposal of all affairs.
Everything stands in need of Him,
but He stands in need of none. He is
the Only One Who is worthy of
being worshipped. He has the
beautiful names and perfect attributes.
Q.15. Who are the angels?
A. The angels are creatures of light.
They are Allah's obedient slaves, they
do that which they are commanded
and are incapable of disobedience.
Q.16. What is the meaning of Belief in
the Book and the Messengers?
A. It means that All~h sent the Mess-
engers like Noah, Abraham, Moses,
Jesus, Muhammad ·tu-J! +el etc., and

0
 sent down the Books like the Torah,
Zaboor (Psalms), Injeel, Qur'~n etc.,
to call the people to worship All~h
Alone, associating nothing with Him.
He sent Prophet Muhammad as the
last of Messengers and Prophets and
abrogated all the previous Books
with the Qur'~n. Thereforethe wor-
ship should be done according to the
Qur'~n and the Sunnah of the Prophet
Muhammad A,a id-=.
0.17. What is the meaning of Belief in
the Last Day?
A. The Belief in the Last Day means to
believe . that All~h has foreordained a
.

fixed term for everything, and a term

for this world. He will assuredly
raise the dead from their graves and
will take account of everyone's
deeds in thisworld. On the Day of
Resurrection, rewards and punish-
ments will. be assigned. Everyone
will be justly requited.
0.18. What is the meaning of Belief in
foreordainment (Qadar)?
A. The belief in foreordainment (Qadar)
means to believe that everything
good or bad -- happens or takes place
according to what All~h has foreor-
dained. He has created every thing
by a decree and in due proportion.
Q.19. What is Ihsan?
A. It is to worship All~h as though you
see Him, although you do not see
Him, He sees you.
Q.20. What is the meaning of "There is
no god but All~h?"
A. It means that there is no god who
deserves to be worshipped except
All~h Alone. Negating all false gods
and affirming that All~h is the only
true God.
Q.21. What is the meaning of
Muhammad , lei,> is the
Messenger of All~h?"°
A. It means obeying him in whatever he
commanded, refraining from what
 he forbade, and believing all what he
informed.
0.22 What are the conditions of the
testimony of Iman (Faith)?
A. There are seven conditions of the
Testimony of Faith:
1. +Lall Knowledge which negates
.
Ignorance.
2. Ci! Certainty which negates doubt.
3. oak5\ Sincerity and purity of intent
which negates Shirk.
4. all Truthfulness which negates
hypocrisy.
5. ±.a. .J) Love
¢
and devotion which
negates disdain of All~h's
Deen.
6. &!ii Submission which negates
disobedience.
7. ds-±i Acceptance which negates
rejection or denia.l
Q.23. What is the greatest thing that
All~h has enjoined?
A. The greatest thing thatAll~h has
enjoined is Tawhfd (Oneness of
All~h).
,✓:

Q.24. What is Tawhtd (Islamic

Monotheism)?
A. Tawhid means declaring All~h to be
the- only true God who deserves to be
worshipped in truth and confirming
all attributes with which
' - . .
He has
qualified Himself or that are attributed
to Him by His Messenger«l #!A-.
Q.25. What are the aspects of Tawhd?
A. There are three aspects of Tawhid:
1. Tawhd ar-Rububiyah.
2. Tawhid al-Uluhiya.
3. Tawhid al-Asma was-Sif~t.
Q.26. What is Tawhtd ar-Rububiyah?
A. It is declaring All~h to be One and
Unique in His work, like creation,
 sustenance, bringing to life, and
causing death etc.
Q.27.What is Tawhid al-Uluhiyah?
A. It is declaring Allah as the only true
God to whom all acts of worship
must be dedicated, such as Salt
(prayers), Zak~t, Saum (fasting), Hajj,
supplications, vowing etc.
Q.28. What is Tawhid al-Asma was-Sift?
A. It is an affirmation of all the Divine
Names. and Attributes of All~h in a
manner that suits His Majesty, as
mentioned in the Qur'~n and the
Sunnah.
Q.29. How would you describe lb@dah?
A. It is a comprehensive word comprising
deeds and words that All~h loves and
is pleased with whether manifested
or hidden.
Q.30. What are the conditions of
lb~dah?
A. There are two conditions of
Ibadah:
 1. Sincerity.
2. Submission to All~h's Messenger
al
+l ~) di.e., to act according
to his Sunnah.
Q.31. Write some types of Ibdah?
A. Some types of Ibdah are: the
prayers, the obligatory charity, fasting,
the pilgrimage, fear of All~h, hope in
His Mercy. Seeking His aid, and
other acts of worship which All~h
. .

has commanded and enjoined.

0.32. What is the greatest sin that All~h
has forbidden?
. .

A. The greatest sin which All~h has

forbidden is Shirk (polytheism).
·

0.33. What is polytheism?

A. It means to believe that there is one
who shares All~h in His acts, i.e.,
ascribing partners or setting up rivals
to All~h.
Q.34. What are the types of polytheism?
A. There are three types of polytheism.
1. The greater polytheism (Shirk
Akbar).
2. The lesser polytheism (Shirk
Asghar).
3. The latent polytheism (Shirk
Khafi).
0.35. What is greater polytheism?
A. The greater polytheism is to devote
any form of worship to other than
All~h, All~h will never forgive one
who dies upon Shirk, nor accept his
good deeds, and he would be cast
out from the folds of Islam.
Q.36. What are the types of greater
polytheism?
A. There are four types of greater
polytheism:
1. Polytheism in invocation, i.e.,
involving supplications to other
than All~h.
 2. Polytheism in intentions, i.e.,
purpose and intentions not for the
sake of All~h but directed towards
other deities.
3. Polytheism in obedience, i.e.,
rendering obedience to any autho-
rity against the Order of All~h.
4. Polytheism in love, i.e., showing
love to others which is due to
All~h Alone.
0.37. What is lesser polytheism?
A. The lesser polytheism is Ar-Riya,
that means the acts· of worship done
to gain praise or fame rather than to
please Allah, this type of polytheism,
however, does not cast the person
committing it out of the fold of
Islam.
0.38. What is latent polytheism?
A. The latent polytheism implies being
dissatisfi~d with the conditions
ordained by All~h.
0.39. What is the proof of the latent
polytheism?
· A. The proof of the above Shirk is
the saying of the Prophet #l I-
ala 4le.
"The latent polytheism is more
hidden in this nation than the track
of a black ant over a black stone on a
dark night." (Musnad Ahmad)
Q.40. What are the types of Kufr
(disbelief)?
A. There are two types of Kufr:
1. The major Kufr which cast its
people out of Islam.
2. The lessor or minor Kufr which
does not cast the one who commits
it out of Islam. It is Kufr of
ungratefulness.
0.41. What are the types of major Kufr?
A. There are five types of major Kufr:
1. The Kufr of denial.
 2. The Kufr of arrogance associated
with recognitionof the truth.
3. The Kufr of doubt.
4. The Kufr ofdisregard.
5. The Kufr of hypocrisy.
Q.42. What are the categories of
hypocrisy?
A. There are two categories of hypocrisy:
. , .

1. Hypocrisy in Belief.
2. Hypocrisy in deeds and actions.
Q.43. What is the hypocrisy in Belief?
A. Hypocrisy in Belief is of six types:
1. Denial
=la «lc.
L t

of the Messenger s =
,

2. Denial of thething with which the

Messenger is sent.
3. Hating All~h's Messenger «at!
ab,
-
4. Hating the thing with which the
Messenger is sent.
 5. Rejoicing at the disgrace of Islam.
6. Disliking the prevalence of Islam.
0.44. What is the hypocrisy in deeds and
actions?
A. The hypocrisy in deeds and actions
is of five types:
1. When he speaks, he lies.
2. When he promises, he breaks it.
3. When he is entrusted, he betrays.
4. When he disputes, he acts
immorally.
5. When he makes a pact, he acts
treacherously.
Q.45 Are good deeds accepted (by
All~h) with the polytheism?
A. Never! None of the deeds are
accepted when mixed with polytheism.
All~h says:
 "But if they had joined in worship
others with All~h, all that they used
to do would have been of no benefit
to them." (V.6:88)

[\»:.·u:J]
"Verily, Allah forgives not (the sin
of) setting up partners (in worship)
with Him, but He forgives whom He
pleases sins other than that, and
whoever sets up partners in worship
with All~h, has indeed strayed far
away." (V.4:116)
Q.46. What are the nullifiers of Islam?
A. The nullifiers of Islam are ten:
1. Polytheism of worship.
2. He who does not believe that the
polytheists are disbelievers, or
doubts their infidelity or holds
their belief to be valid.
 3. He who sets up intermediaries
between one's self and All~h,
supplicating them, trusting them
and asking them to intercede on
his behalf.
4. He who believes that the guidance
of others is more perfect than the
Prophet's.
5. He who hates anything that the
Prophet ,day «le ! ,J= was sent with.

-s
6. He who denies Deen of the Prophet
«le i! ,I= or ridicules its reward
or punishment.
7. Sorcery.
8. Supporting the polytheists against
the Muslims.
9. He who believes that some people
are exempted from abiding by the
Shari'ah as Khidr was exempted
by the laws of Musa.
10. Turning away from Deen of All~h
by neither learning nor applying
it.
0.47. What are the three fundamentals
that every Muslim must learn?
A. The three fundamentals are:
1. Knowing Your Rubb (the Lord,
the Creator, the Sustainer, and the
One in Whose Hand is the disposal
of all affairs)
2. Knowing your Deen (Islam).
3. Knowing your Prophet Muhammad
=ls 4le ) ,h=.
0.48. What is Taghut?
A. Everything that is worshipped, or
followed or obeyed other than All~h
is Taghut.
Q.49. How many T@ghut are there and
who are their leaders?
A. They are many but their leaders are
five.
0.50. Who are the leaders of T@ghut?
A. They are:
1. Satan, may All~h curse him.
. .

2. Anyone who is worshipped with

his consent.
3. A person who calls the people to
be worshippedinstead of All~h.
4. A person who claims the know-
ledge of Ghaib (unseen, hidden,
invisible, absent etc.)
5. The ruler who rules by laws other
than that sent down by All~h.