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    Chapter 11 Steel Structures

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    Prescila Quieta
    Steel structures are commonly used for multistory buildings, theaters, industrial buildings, roof trusses, stadiums, and bridges. Standard steel shapes include W-sections, channels, tubes, plates, and angles, which are more economical than built sections. Weight is typically used as the unit of measurement. The total cost of a steel structure includes materials, fabrication, drawings, transportation, erection, painting, and overhead expenses. An example estimates the total costs for beams, columns, plates, and angles to construct a framed building.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Chapter 11 Steel Structures

    Uploaded by

    Prescila Quieta
    58 views9 pages
    Steel structures are commonly used for multistory buildings, theaters, industrial buildings, roof trusses, stadiums, and bridges. Standard steel shapes include W-sections, channels, tubes, plates, and angles, which are more economical than built sections. Weight is typically used as the unit of measurement. The total cost of a steel structure includes materials, fabrication, drawings, transportation, erection, painting, and overhead expenses. An example estimates the total costs for beams, columns, plates, and angles to construct a framed building.

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    Steel structures are commonly used for multistory buildings, theaters, industrial buildings, roof trusses, stadiums, and bridges. Standard steel shapes include W-sections, channels, tubes, plates, and angles, which are more economical than built sections. Weight is typically used as the unit of measurement. The total cost of a steel structure includes materials, fabrication, drawings, transportation, erection, painting, and overhead expenses. An example estimates the total costs for beams, columns, plates, and angles to construct a framed building.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    58 views9 pages

    Chapter 11 Steel Structures

    Uploaded by

    Prescila Quieta
    Steel structures are commonly used for multistory buildings, theaters, industrial buildings, roof trusses, stadiums, and bridges. Standard steel shapes include W-sections, channels, tubes, plates, and angles, which are more economical than built sections. Weight is typically used as the unit of measurement. The total cost of a steel structure includes materials, fabrication, drawings, transportation, erection, painting, and overhead expenses. An example estimates the total costs for beams, columns, plates, and angles to construct a framed building.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 9

    3/25/2022

    Steel Structure
    Chapter 11

    Steel structures used for :


    Multistory Building
    Theaters
    Industrial Building
    Roof Truss
    Stadium
    Bridges
    Others

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    3/25/2022

    Materials in Steel Structures


    Usually steel structures given in standard form such as:

    W – section
    C – channel
    Tubes
    Plates
    Angles

    Note: Standard forms in steel structures is more economical than a


    built sections.

    Unit of measurement
    Weight is usually used as unit of measurement
    in steel structures:

    $/ton

    2
    3/25/2022

    Steel structures cost includes:


    1. Cost of standard Structural Shapes
    2. Cost of preparing drawing
    3. Cost of Fabricating the steel shapes into finished members
    4. Cost of transporting the steel
    5. Cost of erecting the steel
    6. Cost of field painting the steel structures
    7. Cost of job overhead. General overhead, insurances, taxes
    and profit

    Cost of standard Structural Shapes


    Materials cost is function of:
    1. Steel grade
    2. Shape
    3. Weight
    4. Total Quantity

    3
    3/25/2022

    Cost of preparing shop drawing


     The engineer or architect does not furnish drawing in
    sufficient details

     The steel suppliers must prepare shop drawing before


    the steel can be fabricated

     Steel supplier maintain engineering and drafting


    departments which prepare shop drawing in sufficient
    details to enable their shops to fabricate the members

    Cost of fabricating structural steel


    Fabricating includes:
    Cutting
    Punching
    Milling
    Panning
    Marking

    fabricating structural steel function of operational performed


    Size of member
    Operations that can be duplicated on similar members

    4
    3/25/2022

    Cost of transporting steel to the job


    The estimator should determine the fright or
    truck cost per unit weight for the particular
    project to include the correct amount in the
    estimate

    Erection Structural Steel


    1. The columns are erected first
    2. The beams are installed in the building

    Equipment for Erection structural steel depends on:


    o Type of structure
    o Size
    o Height
    o Location

    10

    5
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    Types of Connection
    Types of connection and how to install connection
    depend on the design criteria

    Bolted Connections:
    It is more easy but increase construction cost

    Welded Connection:
    More difficult and needs experience

    11

    Field Painting Structural Steel


    Sometimes necessary to perform limited field
    painting

    The cost will vary depending of


     Type of structure
     Size
     Access to member

    12

    6
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    Rate of applying a field coat of paint in steel


    structures
    Member of Structure square ft/ton
    Beam 200 – 250
    Girder 125 – 200
    Column 200 – 250
    Roof Truss 275 – 350
    Bridge 200 – 250

    13

    Example
    Structural steel consisting of beams, columns, angles, and plates, is used for a
    framed building. All members are to be fabricated at a shop for a high-
    strength bolted connections. Wide flange beams will be used for beams and
    columns.

    A list of members and details is given in accompanying table. The small size
    beams are used for short spans and longer size beams will be used for longer
    spans. The larger columns size will be used for the lower floor. Where the
    smaller column sizes are used for the upper floor. Angles are used as seats
    and clips for beam to column connections for joining together the structural
    members. Steel plates are used for columns base plates and splicing of
    column members

    14

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    Example
     Based on the current economical condition, the base price of steel
    quoted from the supplier is 24.96/cwt for beams and columns.
    28.43/cwt for plates and 22.17/cwt for angles.
     The steel will be delivered by 20-T trucks from the steel supplier a
    distance of 134 mi to the job at a rate of 2.75$/mi.
     An illustrative breakdown of the base, fabrication and delivery cost
    of the steel is shown in the example. The percentage values given in
    the preceding of the reference book are used for fabrication, shop
    drawings and painting

    15

    Example

    16

    8
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    The Total cost will be :


    Basic Cost of Steel: Shop painting: 7.5% x 60 256.62 = $4
    Columns: 1 123.87 cwt @ 24.96$/cwt = $28 051.80 519.25
    Beams: 1 173.93 cwt @ 24.96$/cwt = $29 301.29 Shop drawing: 10.0% % x 60 256.62 = $6
    Plates: 60.30 cwt @ 28.43$/cwt = $29 301.29 025.66
    Angles: 3 in. 47.87 cwt @ 22.17$/cwt = $1 061.28 Shipping steel to job:
    Angles: 21/2 in. . 5.77 cwt @ 22.17$/cwt = $127.92 Number of trucks needed:
    Total base cost of steel: = $60 256.62 120.59 T/(20 T/truck) = 6 trucks required
    Total Cost: 6 trucks x 134 mi @ $2.75/mi = $2 211.0
    Fabricating Costs:
    Columns: 1 123.87 cwt @ 85% x 24.96$/cwt = $23 884.03 Subtotal of direct costs:
    Beams: 1 173.93 cwt @ 85% x 24.96$/cwt = $24 906.10 Basic Cost of Steel: $60 256.62
    Plates: 60.30 cwt @ 95% x 28.43$/cwt = $1 628.04
    Fabricating Costs: $51 435.39
    Angles: 3 in. 47.87 cwt @ 85% x 22.17$/cwt = $902.09
    Shop painting: $4 519.25
    Angles: 21/2 in. . 5.77 cwt @ 90% x 22.17$/cwt = $115.13
    Shop drawing: $6 025.66
    Totl base cost of steel: = $51 435.39
    Shipping Costs: $2 211.0
    Total Direct Cost:=$ 124 447.92

    17

    The Total cost will be :


    Overhead and Profit:
    12% x $ 124 447.92 = $14 933.75
    Total cost of fabricated steel delivered to job:
    $124 447.92 + $14 933.75 = $139 441.67

    Summary of cost:
    Cost per pound:$139 441.67 / 241.174lb = 0.58/lb
    Cost per hundredweight: $139 441.67 /2 411.74 = $57.79/cwt
    Cost per ton: $139 441.67 / 120.59 T = $ 1 156/T

    18

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