MECA 332 Mechatronics Component Design: Week 8 Ps - Iv

MECA 332
Mechatronics Component
Design
Week 8
PS - IV
Problem 1
• The rectangular bar shown is
exposed to a fluctuating force F.
• The yield and ultimate tensile
strengths of the bar material are
Sy = 150 MPa and Sut = 400 MPa,
respectively.
• The corrected endurance limit of
the part is Se = 100 MPa.
S-N Graph
• 𝑁 = 106
• 𝑆𝑓 = 𝑆𝑒 = 100 𝑀𝑃𝑎
• 𝑁 = 103
• 𝑆𝑓 = 0.8 × 𝑆𝑢𝑡 = 0.8 × 400
= 320 𝑀𝑃𝑎
Fatigue Strength
• 𝑆𝑓 = 𝑎𝑁 𝑏 • log 𝑎 = 2.5 − 3 −0.167
• 100 = 𝑎 103 𝑏 • log 𝑎 = 3
• 320 = 𝑎 106 𝑏 • 𝑎 = 1000
• log 100 = log 𝑎 + 3𝑏 log 10

• log 320 = log 𝑎 + 6𝑏 log 10 • 𝑆𝑓 = 1000(𝑁)−0.167
2 = log 𝑎 + 3b
• ൠ 0.5 = −3b
2.5 = log 𝑎 + 6b
• b= −0.167
Fatigue Strength
𝑵 = 𝟏𝟎𝟓 Safety Factor

𝑆𝑓
• 𝑆𝑓 = 1000(𝑁)−0.167 •𝑁= =
146.8
= 2.94
𝜎𝑎𝑙𝑡 50
= 1000 105 −0.167
= 146.8 𝑀𝑃𝑎
• 𝜎𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛 = 0 𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐹 10×103
• 𝜎alt = = = 50 𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐴 2×10−4
Problem 1 - b
• Calculate the safety factor of the • For infinite life use 𝑆𝑒
design for infinite life if the
magnitude of the force F varies 𝑆𝑒 100
between -10 kN and 10 kN. •𝑁= = =2
𝜎𝑎𝑙𝑡 50
Problem 1 - c
• Calculate the safety factor of the
design for N = 105 cycles if the
magnitude of the force F varies
between 0 kN and 20 kN.
Completely reversed sinusoidal stress Repeated stress
Modified-Goodman
𝝈𝒂𝒍𝒕 Loading
Failure due to
Line
yield!
(𝑺𝒚 ) 150
(𝑺𝒇 ) 149
𝟓𝟎
𝝈𝒎
𝟓𝟎 𝟏𝟓𝟎 𝟒𝟎𝟎
Yield Fatigue
(𝑺𝒚 ) (𝑺𝒖𝒕 )
Line Line
Factor of Safety
𝜎𝑚 𝜎𝑎𝑙𝑡 1
+ =
𝑆𝑦 𝑆𝑦 𝑁
50 50 1
+ =
150 150 𝑁
𝑁 = 1.5
Problem 2
• Four preloaded bolts (M10, Class
5.8).
• P = 400 kPa
• Dvessel = 60 cm
• C = 0.1
• Calculate the safety factor of
bolts for yielding
• Hint: Fasteners are preloaded up
to 90% of their proof strength in
static loading
Proof Strength
• 𝑆𝑝 = 380 𝑀𝑃𝑎
• 𝑆𝑦 = 420 𝑀𝑃𝑎
Preload
M10 => “metric 10”
• Where 10 is the major diameter
• 𝐹𝑖 = 𝑘 × 𝑆𝑝 × 𝐴𝑡
= 0.9 × 380 𝑀𝑃𝑎
× 61.20 × 10−6 𝑚2
= 20.93 𝑘𝑁
External Load
2
𝜋×𝐷𝑣𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑒𝑙 𝜋× 0.6 2
• 𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑒𝑙 = =
4 4
= 0.287 𝑚2
• 𝑃𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 𝑃 × 𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑒𝑙
= 400 × 103 0.287
= 114.8 𝑘𝑁
𝑃𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 114.8
•𝑃= = = 28.7 𝑘𝑁
4 4
Solution
1) Portion of P taken by bolt: 3) Total stress on the bolt:
• 𝑃𝑏 = 𝑐 × 𝑃 = 0.1 × 28.7 𝐹𝑏 23.8
• 𝜎𝑏 = =
= 2.87 𝑘𝑁 𝐴𝑡 61.20×10−6
= 388.89 𝑀𝑝𝑎
2) Resultant bolt load

4) Safety factor:
• 𝐹𝑏 = 𝐹𝑖 + 𝑃𝑏 = 20.93 + 2.87 𝑆𝑦 420
= 23.8 𝑘𝑁 •𝑁= = = 1.08
𝜎𝑏 388.89
Problem 3
• A hemispherical window:
• 𝑟ℎ𝑒𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑝ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 = 80 𝑐𝑚
• 𝑡 = 1 𝑐𝑚
• Calculate the number of bolts
required to attach the window
to the wall of the chamber if:
• 𝑟𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑡 = 1 𝑐𝑚
• 𝑆𝑦 = 150 𝑀𝑝𝑎
Thin or Thick walled?
𝑟 < 10, 𝑇ℎ𝑖𝑐𝑘 𝑤𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑑 Two assumptions:
• =ቊ
𝑡 ≥ 10, 𝑇ℎ𝑖𝑛 𝑤𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑑 1. 𝜎𝑟 = 0
• 𝑟 = 80 𝑐𝑚 2. 𝜎𝑡 = 𝜎𝑎
• 𝑡 = 1 𝑐𝑚
From Mohr’s circle:
1. 𝜎3 = 𝜎𝑟 = 0
2. 𝜎1 = 𝜎2 = 𝜎𝑡 = 𝜎𝑎 = 20 𝑀𝑃𝑎
Pressure & Total force acting on the wall
Pressure Total Force

𝑃×𝑟
•𝜎= • 𝐹𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 𝜋𝑟𝑖2 𝑃
2𝑡
𝑃 × 80 = 𝜋 80 × 10−2 2 × 0.5 × 106

6
→ 20 × 10 =
2×1
= 1 × 106
𝑃 = 0.5 𝑀𝑃𝑎
= 1000 𝑘𝑁
Total number of bolts
𝐹𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙
•𝑁=
𝜎𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 ×𝐴𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑡
1000×103
=
150×106 𝜋×10×10−3 2
= 21.22
• 𝑁 should be integer!
• 𝑁 = 22

MECA 332 Mechatronics Component Design: Week 8 Ps - Iv

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MECA 332

• log 100 = log 𝑎 + 3𝑏 log 10

𝑵 = 𝟏𝟎𝟓 Safety Factor

2) Resultant bolt load

Pressure Total Force

𝑃 × 80 = 𝜋 80 × 10−2 2 × 0.5 × 106

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