Lesson 4

LESSON 4
OBJECTIVES OF A POLYGRAPH EXAMINATION
Polygraph examination is conducted in order to:
1. Obtaining additional investigative leads to the facts of the

case/offenses.
2. Ascertain if a person is telling the truth.
3. Locate the fruits or tools of the crime and whereabouts of wanted

persons.
4. Identify other persons involved (accomplices of crime).
5. Obtain valuable information from reluctant witnesses.
6. Eliminate the innocent suspects.
What are the Principal Uses of the Polygraph Examination?
1. Criminal Investigation – it aids in investigating criminal incidents and

issues, speeding up the process of investigation and elimination innocent
suspects.
2. Pre-employment screening of job applicants.
3. Honesty test (Periodic test)
Note: In Criminal investigation, polygraph examination is optional and the

subject may refuse to take the test, while in Pre-employment screening of
job applicants, it is mandatory for its part of the requirements for hiring
potential employees by some companies and employment agencies.
What is the Significance of Lie Detection in Criminal Investigation?
In Criminal investigation, the truth must be established to ensure proper

prosecution of offenders. Criminal investigators must exert all effort to
determine lying not only on the part of the suspect but as well as to
everyone involved in the criminal act – witness, victims, etc.,
What is Lie?
Lie refers to either untruthful or falsehood statements; any act that deceives
or creates false impression. It is also synonymous to deceit, deception, or
fabrication.
What is meant by “Detection”?
It refers to the act of detecting, discovering, perceiving, finding, or

uncovering something hidden or obscure.
COMMON KINDS OF LIES
1. White lie or Benign lie – These are lies committed to preserve,

protect, or maintain the harmony of friendship or relationship.
2. Pathological Lie – This is a lie made by persons who cannot

distinguish right from wrong.
3. Red Lie – This is prevalent in communist infested nations. This

involves political interests and motives because this is a part of communist
propaganda strategy.
4. Black Lie – A lie which accompanies pretensions and hypocrisies,

intriguing to cause dishonor or discredit one’s good image.
5. Malicious or Judicial Lie – This is a very pure and unjustifiable kind
of lie that is intended purely to mislead or obstruct justice by a guilty
accused person.
DIFFERENT TYPES OF LIARS
1. Sociopathic Liars – Are those who lie continually to get their own
way, without care or concern for others. They are goal-oriented.
2. Compulsive Liars – Someone who continually lies as their habit. It

tends to be their normal manner of responding to questions of others
regardless of how small or large the question is. They feel discomfort of
being truthful because lying makes them feel right.
3. Occasional Liars – Are those who seldom tell a lie. They are quick
to ask forgiveness from the individual that they lied to and are from the
individual that they lied to and are often respected for their attempts at
being truthful and humility to admit when they commit lies.
4. Panic Liars – Those who lie in order to avoid the consequences of a

confession. They are afraid of embarrassment and they believe that
confession will just make the matter worse.
5. Occupational Liars – They are practical liars for they lie when it
has higher “pay off” than telling the truth.
6. Tournament Liars – Those who love to lie and are excited by the
challenge of not being detected. They consider an interview as a contest
they want to win; they realize that they will probably be convicted but will
not give anyone the satisfaction of hearing them confess.
7. Psychopathic Liars – These are the most difficult type. These

people have no conscience and show no regret for dishonesty and
manifestation of guilt.
8. Ethnological Liars – Are those who are taught not to be a squealer.

9. Pathological Liars – Are persons who cannot distinguish right from
wrong due to their sick mind.
10. Black Liars – Are persons who always pretend what he is and what
he thinks of himself.
11. White Liars – These are those who don’t usually think of themselves
are true liars”. They justify their lies as harmless and beneficial. They
sometimes tell only part of the truth, and are not suspected of lying at all.
What Law Enforcement Agencies around the world use Polygraph

Technology
While American Law Enforcement Agencies remain to be the
leading and biggest user of polygraph technology for criminal
investigations, there are other countries that also employ polygraph
services such as Japan, Canada, and

Lesson 4

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Lesson 4

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Lesson 4

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

LESSON 4

OBJECTIVES OF A POLYGRAPH EXAMINATION

Polygraph examination is conducted in order to:

1. Obtaining additional investigative leads to the facts of the

2. Ascertain if a person is telling the truth.

3. Locate the fruits or tools of the crime and whereabouts of wanted

4. Identify other persons involved (accomplices of crime).

5. Obtain valuable information from reluctant witnesses.

6. Eliminate the innocent suspects.

What are the Principal Uses of the Polygraph Examination?

1. Criminal Investigation – it aids in investigating criminal incidents and

2. Pre-employment screening of job applicants.

3. Honesty test (Periodic test)

Note: In Criminal investigation, polygraph examination is optional and the

In Criminal investigation, the truth must be established to ensure proper

What is meant by “Detection”?

It refers to the act of detecting, discovering, perceiving, finding, or

COMMON KINDS OF LIES

1. White lie or Benign lie – These are lies committed to preserve,

2. Pathological Lie – This is a lie made by persons who cannot

3. Red Lie – This is prevalent in communist infested nations. This

4. Black Lie – A lie which accompanies pretensions and hypocrisies,

DIFFERENT TYPES OF LIARS

2. Compulsive Liars – Someone who continually lies as their habit. It

4. Panic Liars – Those who lie in order to avoid the consequences of a

7. Psychopathic Liars – These are the most difficult type. These

8. Ethnological Liars – Are those who are taught not to be a squealer.

What Law Enforcement Agencies around the world use Polygraph

You might also like