Section 5 Steering System: Group 1 Structure and Function
Section 5 Steering System: Group 1 Structure and Function
Section 5 Steering System: Group 1 Structure and Function
Steering wheel
Steering cylinder
Steering unit
T
L
P
R
LS
Hydraulic tank
T4
Priority valve
LS
CF
15L7SS01
The steering system for this machine is composed of steering wheel assembly, steering unit,
steering cylinder, steering axle and pipings. The steering force given to the steering wheel enters
the steering unit through the steering column. The required oil flow is sensed by the function of the
control section of the unit, and pressurized oil delivered from the hydraulic pump is fed to the
steering cylinder. The force produced by the steering cylinder moves the knuckle of steering tires
through the intermediate link.
The axle body is unit structure having steering knuckles installed to its both ends by means of
kingpins. Hub and wheel are mounted through bearing to spindle of knuckle.
5-1
2. HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT
15L7SS02
5-2
1) NEUTRAL
15L7SS03
The steering wheel is not being operated so control spool(G) does not move.
The oil from hydraulic gear pump(1) enters port P of priority valve(2) and the inlet pressure oil
moves the spool(D) to the left.
Oil flow into LS port to the hydraulic tank(12).
So, the pump flow is routed to the main control valve.
5-3
2) LEFT TURN
15L7SS04
When the steering wheel is turned to the left, the spool(G) within the steering unit(4) connected with
steering column turns in left hand direction.
At this time, the oil discharged from the pump flows into the spool(G) within the steering unit(4)
through the spool(D) of priority valve(2) and flows to the gerotor(H).
Oil flow from the gerotor(H) flows back into the spool(G) where it is directed out of the left work
port(L).
Oil returned from cylinder returns to hydraulic tank(12).
When the above operation is completed, the machine turns to the left.
5-4
3) RIGHT TURN
15L7SS05
When the steering wheel is turned to the right, the spool(G) within the steering unit(4) connected
with steering column turns in right hand direction.
At this time, the oil discharged from the pump flows into the spool(G) within the steering unit(4)
through the spool(D) of priority valve(2) and flows to the gerotor(H).
Oil flow from the gerotor(H) flows back into the spool(G) where it is directed out of the right work
port(R).
Oil returned from cylinder returns to hydraulic tank(12).
When the above operation is completed, the machine turns to the right.
5-5
3. STEERING UNIT
1) STRUCTURE
1
2
18
11
3
14
25-3 4
25-2 14
25-4 5 22
25-1 15
6
23
21
24
8
16
10 24
7
10
19
13
20
17
9
12
20D7SS06
5-6
2) OPERATION
The steering unit is composed of the control valve(rotary valve) and the metering device. The control
valve controls the flow of oil from the pump in the interior of the unit depending on the condition of the
steering wheel. The metering device is a kind of hydraulic motor composed of a stator and a rotor. It
meters the required oil volume, feeds the metered oil to the power cylinder and detects cylinder’s
motion value, that is, cylinder’s motion rate.
When the steering wheel is turned, the spool turns, the oil path is switched and the oil is fed into the
metering device. As a result, the rotor is caused to run by oil pressure, and the sleeve is caused to run
through the drive shaft and cross pin. Therefore, when the spool is turned, the spool turns by the
same value in such a manner that it follows the motion of the spool. Steering motion can be
accomplished when this operation is performed in a continuous state.
If the hoses of the steering system are incorrectly connected, the steering wheel can turn very
rapidly when the engine is started. Keep clear of the steering wheel when starting the engine.
The centering spring for the spool and sleeve is provided to cause the valve to return to the neutral
position. It is therefore possible to obtain a constant steering feeling, which is transmitted to the hands
of the driver. Return to the center position occurs when the steering wheel is released.
5-7
4. STEERING AXLE
1) STRUCTURE
1-33
1-14 1-21
1-15 1-23
1-16 1-35
1-13 1-22
1-23
1-35 1-17 1-24
1-25 1-34
1-26 1-22
1-18
1-36 1-37
1-2 1-38
1-28 1-1
1-27 5
4
1-24 3
1-25 1-14 2
1-19
1-20
1-13
1-18
1-17 1-35 1-8
1-9
1-13 1-26 1-11
1-10
1-16 1-29 1-12
1-15 1-30 1-3
1-28 1-6
1-14 1-27 1-7 1-5
1-31
1-37 1-4
1-32 1-19
5 1-20
1-38 1-24
1-25
1-14 3
2
1-39
15L7SS07
5-8
2) TIGHTENING TORQUE AND SPECIFICATION
80
.8
56
Stroke
86mm
15L7SS08
5-9