Urine Albumin New

Time Behavioural Content Teaching AV aids Evaluation
objective learning and

activity reference
By the end
of the class, Introduction:
students will Mostly, all sorts of tests are performed by the laboratory technician,
be able to: but there are certain tests which are common and simple and can
be performed by the health nurse especially in the community.
Urine albumin test is one among them. This is a clean procedure.
Describe the Purposes of urine albumin test: Lecturing Flash Describe the
purposes of and listening cards purposes of
urine  Proteinuria is a sign of chronic kidney disease (CKD), urine
albumin test. which can result from diabetes, high blood pressure, albumin test.
and diseases that cause inflammation in the kidneys. Ref. 1 & 2
For this reason, testing for albumin in the urine is part of a routine
medical assessment for everyone.
Proteinuria—also called albuminuria or urine albumin—is a

condition in which urine contains an abnormal amount of protein.
Albumin is the main protein in the blood. Proteins are the building
blocks for all body parts, including muscles, bones, hair, and nails.
Proteins in the blood also perform a number of important functions.
They protect the body from infection, help blood clot, and keep the
right amount of fluid circulating throughout the body. As blood
passes through healthy kidneys, they filter out the waste products
and leave in the things the body needs, like albumin and other
proteins. Most proteins are too big to pass through the kidneys’
filters into the urine. However, proteins from the blood can leak into
the urine when the filters of the kidney, called glomeruli, are
damaged.1
 An antenatal mother is also checked for protein, also called

albumin in urine. Protein in your urine can be an indication of
an infection or pregnancy-induced hypertension (high blood
pressure), which can be a sign of pre-eclampsia.2
Explain the Preparation of community bag: Questioning Charts How do you

preparation and prepare the
of Outer compartment - Hand washing articles(soap, soap answering. community
community dish). bag for urine
bag Outer zip pocket - 2 paper bags, one full sheet, one half albumin
sheet and one quarter sheet of paper. testing?
Inner clean compartment - A small bottle which contains
acetic acid.
Inner clean bottom compartment – kidney tray, specimen
bottle to collect urine, 2 cotton sticks, 2 rag pieces, test tube,
test tube holder, candle, candle stand, match box, dropper.
Describe the Discussion How do you
preparation
Preparation of client, environment and articles: prepare the
of the client, Client: client,
environment Assess the client for any indications for doing albumin test environment
and articles like diabetes, hypertension or pregnancy. and articles
for urine Explain the need for doing the test. for the
albumin test Explain the procedure to the client. procedure?
Environment and articles:
Place the community bag in an elevated place in a clean
area by spreading the full sheet of newspaper taken from the
outer zip pocket.
Unbutton the outer flap.
Take the hand washing articles and a paper bag from the
outer compartment and prepare the washing area by
spreading the quarter sheet of paper.
Wash hands.
Open the outer flap of the bag by touching only the inner
part.
Take the acetic acid bottle from the inner compartment and
the articles for the urine albumin test from the inner bottom
compartment.
Along with this take the half sheet of paper and a paper bag
from the outer zip pocket.
Close the outer flap of the bag.
Keep the paper in a place away from the washing area and
divide the half paper into clean and unclean areas.
Arrange the articles in such a way that the acetic acid bottle,
2 rag pieces, 2 cotton sticks, test tube, test tube holder are in
one part(clean area) and kidney tray, specimen bottle, paper
bag and candle with stand in one area(unclean).
Describe the Steps in procedure with rationale: Lecturing What are the
steps in and listening steps in the
doing the Steps Rationale procedure?
procedure
 Place the specimen bottle So that our hands will not get
with contaminated.
in the kidney tray and
rationale.
give it to the client for the
sample.
 Explain the client that mid We get a clear stream of urine

stream of urine should be for testing.
collected.
 Receive the sample in the Our hands will not get
kidney tray when the contaminated.
client gives you the
sample and place it in the
unclean part of the
working area.
 Lighten the candle. The Candle is for heating the urine.

match stick should be put Discarding the wastes in
in the paper bag kept in proper places will ensure the
the area. orderliness of the procedure.
 Pour three-fourth of the

test tube with urine.
 Heat the test tube on the This is done to see clearly the
top third of the urine in precipitate which will be
the test tube over the formed.
flame. Also, normally the uric acid will
settle down at the bottom of
the tube, by heating at the
bottom the test tube may
break.
The third rationale is that
sometimes urine may splash
while heating in the bottom of
the test tube.
Wipe with the rag piece if
the test tube turns black
at the bottom due to
heating.
 Notice if there is any It denotes either protein or

precipitation. phosphate.
 Add a few drops of acetic If precipitate dissolves, it is

acid. due to the phosphate present
in the normal urine. If
precipitate does not dissolve, it
denotes the presence of
albumin.
Inference:
A cloud: 100mg or +
Thick cloud: 200mg or +
Dense cloud: 500mg or +
 Once the test is over, To ensure that your procedure

discard the urine in a pit did not create any cleanliness
dug by you or ask the problem.
client where they discard
it.
 Take the test tube, cotton

stick, sample container in
the kidney tray to the
washing area.
 Wash the articles with the

soap; clean the inside of
the test tube with the
cotton stick.
 Wash hands.
 Take the cleaned articles

to the working area.
Dry the inside of the test

tube with the left out
cotton stick.
 Gather all the articles to

the bag and keep it in the
respective compartments.
 Keep the hand washing

articles back.
 Discard the cotton sticks

and the paper bags in the
family’s waste disposing
area.
 Explain the result to the

client.
Explain the
Aftercare of articles: Lecturing How do you
aftercare of Articles should be thoroughly washed and dried. and listening set the
articles. All the articles should be dried and kept back in the bag. articles after
Express your thanks and gratitude to the client for
cooperating. the
procedure?
Evaluation:
 Self evaluation:
 Client evaluation:
Conclusion:
The procedures done in the community setting are of due
importance because these procedures are sometimes the basis of
diagnosing disease conditions. Urine albumin test is important for
hypertensive clients and for antenatal mothers. Students should be
able to identify and interpret the results of the test so that the clients
can be made aware of his problems and health educate them.
Lecturing
Summary: and listening
In this class, we have seen:
 Purposes of urine albumin test:
 Preparation of community bag:
 Preparation of client, environment and articles:
 Steps in procedure with rationale:
 Evaluation:
 Aftercare of articles:
Evaluation questions:
1. What are the indications for urine albumin test?
2. What is the significance of urine albumin test in antenatal
period?
Assignment:
What health education can be given to an antenatal woman who is
diagnosed with proteinuria?
Evaluation criteria:
Introduction : 2.5 marks
Content : 5 marks
Conclusion : 2.5 marks
Date of submission:
Bibliography:
1. http://kidney.niddk.nih.gov/kudiseases/pubs/proteinuria/
2. http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Antenatal-
screening/Pages/When-should-it-be-done.aspx
3.
Lesson plan
1) COURSE AND UNIT : 4th year BSc. Nursing
2) SUBJECT : Community Health Nursing
3) TOPIC : urine albumin testing
4) DURATION : 45 mins
5) OBJECTIVES :
5.1 Central Objective : At the end of the class students will
be able to gain adequate knowledge
regarding urine albumin testing and
apply this knowledge in practice.
5.2 Behavioural Objectives : At the end of the class students will

be able to:
 Describe the purposes of
urine albumin test.
 Explain the preparation of
community bag
 Describe the preparation of
the client, environment and
articles for urine albumin test
 Describe the steps in doing
the procedure with rationale
 Explain the aftercare of
articles.
6) LIST OF AV AIDS : Charts and flashcards
7) DESCRIPTION OF LEARNER :
a. Class: 4th year BSc Nursing
b. No. of Participants: 40
c. Previous knowledge /
Experience : topic is covered
in 2nd year community health
nursing practicals.
8) NAME OF THE TEACHER : Ms. Priya Sharma
Lesson plan on
urine albumin
test

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Time Behavioural Content Teaching AV aids Evaluation

objective learning and

Proteinuria—also called albuminuria or urine albumin—is a

 An antenatal mother is also checked for protein, also called

Explain the Preparation of community bag: Questioning Charts How do you

 Explain the client that mid We get a clear stream of urine

 Lighten the candle. The Candle is for heating the urine.

 Pour three-fourth of the

 Notice if there is any It denotes either protein or

 Add a few drops of acetic If precipitate dissolves, it is

 Once the test is over, To ensure that your procedure

 Take the test tube, cotton

 Wash the articles with the

 Take the cleaned articles

Dry the inside of the test

 Gather all the articles to

 Keep the hand washing

 Discard the cotton sticks

 Explain the result to the

5.2 Behavioural Objectives : At the end of the class students will

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